PEP小学英语六年级毕业总复习资料 11页

PEP小学英语毕业总复习 一：易错词汇 ‎1.     a, an的选择: 元音音素开头的单词用an，如：an ant/ egg/ ice-cream/ orange/ umbrella辅音音素开头的单词用a. ‎ ‎2.     am , is , are的选择: 单数用is , 复数用are， I 用 am , you 用 are.‎ ‎3.     have , has 的选择: 表示某人有某物。单数用has , 复数用have, I you 用 have .‎ I / you/ we have many books. He/ She has many books.‎ ‎4.     there is, there are 的选择:表示某地有某物或某人。单数用there is , 复数用there are.‎ There is a bed in the bedroom. There are some/ many books on the desk.‎ ‎ Are there any books on the desk?‎ ‎5.     some, any 的选择:肯定句用some, 疑问句和否定句用any.‎ ‎6.     疑问词的选择: what (什么) who (谁)  where (哪里)   why（为什么）when(什么时候） how (如何) which（哪一个）how old (多大) how many（多少） how much（多少钱/多少） whose (谁的)‎ ‎ 二：形容词比较级详解 比较级的句子结构通常是：主语 + be动词(am , is , are ) + 形容词比较级 + than（比）+比较对象 ,如：‎ I’m taller and heavier than you. （我比你更高和更重。）‎ An elephant is bigger than a tiger. （一只大象比一只老虎更大。）‎ 形容词的比较级是在形容词的基础上变化而来的，它的变化规则是：‎ ① 一般的直接在词尾加er ，如 tall - taller , strong - stronger , ‎ ② ‎ 以e结尾的，直接加r ，如 fine – finer ,‎ ③ ‎ 以辅音字母加y结尾的，先改y为i再加er，如funny - funnier heavy--heavier ‎④ 双写最后的字母再加er，如big – bigger, thin – thinner ,hot – hotter ‎☆注意☆ 比较的两者应该是互相对应的可比较的东西。‎ 典型错误：My hair is longer than you.（我的头发比你更长。）比较的两者是我的头发、你（整个人），那么比较的对象就没有可比性。‎ 应该改为：My hair is longer than yours. 或My hair is longer than your hair. (yours=your hair)‎ 三：动词过去式详解   动词的过去式的构成规则有：‎ Ａ、规则动词 ‎①    一般直接在动词的后面加ed：如　worked , learned , cleaned , visited ‎②　以e结尾的动词直接加d：如　lived , danced , used, tasted, ‎ ‎③    以辅音字母加y结尾的动词要改y为i再加ed（此类动词较少）如　study – studied carry – carried worry – worried  （注意play、stay不是辅音字母加y,所以不属于此类）‎ ‎④  双写最后一个字母（此类动词较少）如　stopped ‎ Ｂ、不规则动词（此类词并无规则，须熟记）小学阶段要记住以下动词的原形和过去式：‎ sing – sang ,  eat – ate ,see – saw , have – had , do – did , go – went , take – took , buy – bought , get – got , read – read ,fly – flew , swim – swam , am/is – was , are – were , make-made, win-won, say – said , leave – left , tell – told , draw – drew , come – came , hurt – hurt , run-ran, lose-lost, drink-drank, find-found ‎ 重要句型： Where did you go on your holiday? I went to…‎ ‎ What did you do there? I + 动词过去式.‎ ‎ How did you go there? I went (there) by/on….‎ ‎ When did you go there? I went yesterday/last…（表示过去的时间）‎ ‎ Who did you go with? I went with +人物.‎ ‎ Did you have a good time? Yes, I did./ No, I didn’t.‎ 四：动词现在分词： 动词的ing形式的构成规则：‎ ‎①    一般的直接在后面加上ing , 如doing , going , working , singing , eating ① 以e 结尾的动词，要先去e再加ing　，如having , writing, taking ② 双写最后一个字母的（此类动词极少）有：running , swimming , sitting , getting 五：一般将来时态  (be going to/will + 动词原形)‎ 表示一般将来时的时间状语有：this morning, this afternoon, this evening, tomorrow, tonight, this weekend, next week, next month, next year, next weekend.‎ 你将要去哪里？Where are you going this weekend? I’m going to the bookstore.‎ 你将要做什么？What are you going to do? I’m going to buy a book.‎ 你将什么时候去？ When are you going? I’m going in the morning..‎ 你将怎样去呢？  How are you going?  I’m going by bus.‎ 你将和谁一起去？ Who are you going with?  I’m going with my friend. ‎ 六：第三人称单数 第三人称单数动词的变化：‎ ‎1. 一般情况加s，如：read—reads；live—lives；play—plays；sing—sings ‎2. 动词末尾以s，x，ch，sh或部分以o结尾的加es。（记住课本中出现的这几个：watches, teaches, goes, does, washes, passes）‎ ‎3. 辅音字母+y结尾的把y变i再加es，如：fly—flies；study—studies ‎4. 特殊情况：have--has ‎5. 第三人称单数主语包括：he; she; it; my father/friend; Amy/Hangzhou等一个人名或地名。例如：‎ He likes drawing pictures. She works in a car company. It comes from the clouds.‎ My father goes to work on foot.  Mike often reads books after lunch.‎ ‎6. 一般疑问句：does提前，动词还原。‎ Does she teach English？ Does your pen pal live in Hangzhou? ‎ 七、 名词的复数形式.‎ ‎ 一般直接加s: hands, books, desks, apples...‎ ‎ 以o结尾的加es的有: tomatoes, potatoes 其他加s: zoos, photos, pianos.. ‎ ‎ 以s、x、sh、ch结尾的名词加es: glasses, boxes, classes, watches(手表)‎ ‎ 以辅音字母+y结尾的名词，将y改变为i，再加-es: baby-babies, city-cities, dictionary-dictionaries…‎ ‎ 以f/fe结尾的，多将-f或-fe改变为-ves: knife-knives, leaf-leaves, ‎ 不规则变: man→ men woman→ women child→ children foot→ feet tooth →teeth ‎ ‎ goose →geese mouse → mice people-people fish-fish sheep-sheep 八：句型专项归类 ‎1、  肯定句：是指用肯定的语气来陈述的句子，如：I’m a student.    She is a doctor.    He works in a hospital. ‎ There are four fans in our classroom.        He will eat lunch at 12:00.       I watched TV yesterday evening.‎ ‎2、否定句：含有否定词或表示否定意义词的句子，如：I’m not a student.      She is not (isn’t) a doctor. ‎ He does not (doesn’t) work in a hospital.      There are not (aren’t) four fans in our classroom.  ‎ He will not (won’t) eat lunch at 12:00.        I did not (didn’t) watch TV yesterday evening.‎ ‎☆注意☆ 小结：否定句主要是在肯定句的基础上加上了否定词 “not”。有动词be的句子则“not”加在be后面，可缩写成“isn’t，aren’t”，但am not 一般都分开写。没有动词be 的句子则要先在主要动词的前面加上一个助动词（do，does，did），然后在它后面加上“not”，你也可以把它们缩写在一起如“don’t , doesn’t , didn’t ）。这三个助动词要根据人称和时态来选择，其中“does”只用于一般现在时主语是第三人称单数的情况，而“did”只用于一般过去时，不论主语是什么人称和数，都用“did” 。‎ ‎3、一般疑问句：是指询问事实的句子，此类句子必须用“yes”，或“no”来回答。‎ 如：Are you a student? Yes, I am / No, I’m not.  Is she a doctor? Yes, she is. / No, she isn’t. ‎ Does he work in a hospital? Yes, he does. / No, he doesn’t. ‎ Are there four fans in our classroom? Yes, there are. / No, there aren’t.‎ Are you going to buy a comic book tonight?  Yes, I am. / No, I am not. (Yes, we are. / No, we aren’t.)‎ Will he eat lunch at 12:00? Yes, I will. / No, I will not(won’t).‎ Are they swimming? Yes, they are. / No, they aren’t.‎ Did you watch TV yesterday evening? Yes, I did. / No, I didn’t.‎ ‎☆注意☆ 小结：一般疑问句是在肯定句的基础上，‎ ‎①把动词be调到首位，其他照写，末尾标点符号变成问号即可。‎ ‎②没有动词be的句子则要在句首加上一个助动词（do，does，did）再把紧跟在后面的动词变回原形，末尾标点符号变成问号即可。‎ 这三个助动词也要根据人称和时态来选择，其中“does”只用于一般现在时主语是第三人称单数的情况，而“did”只用于一般过去时，不论主语是什么人称和数，都用“did” 。一般疑问句有个重要的原则就是问和答要一致，即问句里的第一个单词（助动词）和简略答句里的这个词是一致的。‎ ‎4、特殊疑问句：以特殊疑问词（what , where , who , which , when , whose , why , how等）开头引导的句子。此类句子应该问什么就答什么，不能用“yes 、no”来回答。如：‎ What is this?  It’s a computer. What does he do?  He’s a doctor.‎ Where are you going?  I’m going to Beijing. Who played football with you yesterday afternoon?  Mike.‎ Which season do you like best?  Summer. When do you usually get up?  I usually get up at 6:30.‎ Whose skirt is this?  It’s Amy’s. Why do you like spring best?  Because I can plant trees.‎ How are you?  I’m fine. / I’m happy. How did you go to Xinjiang?  I went to Xinjiang by train.‎ ‎☆其中how又可以和其他一些形容词连用组成特殊疑问词组用来提问，如： how many（多少(数量)）,  how much（多少(钱)）, how tall（多高）, how long（多长）,  how big（多大）,  how heavy（多重）‎ ‎☆小结：how many 用来提问可数名词的数量，主要有以上三种句式搭配，‎ How many + 名词复数 + do you have?   你有多少……？ ‎ How many + 名词复数 + can you see?   你能看见多少……？‎ How many + 名词复数 + are there…?    有多少……？‎ 九：人称和数 ‎　‎ 人称代词 物主代词 主格 宾格 第一 人称 单数 I（我）‎ me my（我的）‎ 复数 we（我们）‎ us our（我们的）‎ 第二 人称 单数 you（你）‎ you your（你的）‎ 复数 you（你们）‎ you your（你们的）‎ 第三 人称 单数 he（他）‎ him his（他的）‎ she（她）‎ her her（她的）‎ it（它）‎ it its（它的）‎ 复数 they（他们/她们/它们）‎ them their（他们的/她们的/它们的）‎ 七：完全、缩略形式: ‎ I’m=I am   he’s=he is   she’s=she is   they’re=they are   you’re=you are   there’s=there is  ‎ they’re=they are  can’t=can not   don’t=do not   doesn’t=does not  isn’t=is not  aren’t=are not  ‎ let’s=let us   won’t=will not   I’ll=I will    wasn’t=was not 通常情况下，'m即am，'s即is（但 let’s=let us）， 're即are  ，n't即not （但can’t=can not）‎ ‎ ‎ 八：与字母相关的题型 ‎ ‎( 注：五个元音字母是 Aa  Ee  Ii  Oo  Uu )‎ 单词汇总 学习用品(school things)：pen钢笔pencil铅笔　pencil-case铅笔盒　ruler尺子　book书　bag包　comic book漫画书　post card明信片　newspaper报纸　schoolbag书包　eraser橡皮　crayon蜡笔　sharpener卷笔刀　story-book故事书　notebook笔记本　Chinese book语文书　English book英语书　math book数学书　magazine杂志　dictionary词典 人体（body）：foot脚　head头　face脸　hair头发　nose鼻子　mouth嘴　eye眼睛　ear耳朵　arm手臂　hand手　finger手指　leg腿　tail尾巴 neck 脖子 ‎ 颜色（colours）：red红blue蓝yellow黄　green绿　white白　black黑　pink粉红　purple紫orange橙brown棕 ‎ 动物（animals）：cat猫　dog狗　pig猪　duck鸭　rabbit兔　horse马　elephant大象　ant蚂蚁　fish鱼　bird鸟　　snake蛇　mouse老鼠　squirrel松鼠　kangaroo袋鼠　monkey猴　panda熊猫　bear熊　lion狮子　tiger老虎　fox狐狸　zebra斑马　deer鹿　giraffe长颈鹿　goose鹅　hen母鸡　turkey火鸡　lamb小羊　sheep绵羊　goat山羊　cow奶牛　donkey驴　squid鱿鱼　lobster龙虾　shark鲨鱼seal海豹sperm whale抹香鲸killer whale虎鲸 ‎ 人物（people）：friend朋友　boy男孩　girl女孩　mother母亲　father父亲　sister姐妹　brother兄弟　uncle叔叔；舅舅　man男人　woman女人　Mr.先生　Miss小姐　lady女士；小姐　mom妈妈　dad爸爸　parents父母　grandparents祖父母　grandma/grandmother（外）祖母　grandpa/grandfather（外）祖父　aunt姑姑　cousin堂（表）兄弟；堂（表）姐妹　son儿子　daughter女儿　baby婴儿　kid小孩　classmate同学　queen女王　visitor参观者　neighbour邻居　principal校长　university student大学生　pen pal笔友　tourist旅行者　people人物　robot机器人 ‎ 职业（jobs）：teacher教师　student学生　doctor医生　nurse护士　driver司机　farmer农民　singer歌唱家　writer作家　actor男演员　actress女演员　artist画家　TV reporter电视台记者　engineer工程师　accountant会计　policeman(男)警察　salesperson销售员　cleaner清洁工　baseball player棒球运动员　assistant售货员　police警察 dancer 舞者 ‎ ‎ 食品、饮料（food & drink）：rice米饭　bread面包　beef牛肉　milk牛奶　water水　egg蛋　fish鱼　tofu豆腐　cake蛋糕　hot dog热狗　hamburger汉堡包　French fries炸薯条　cookie曲奇　biscuit饼干　jam果酱　noodles面条　meat肉　chicken鸡肉　pork猪肉　mutton羊肉　vegetable蔬菜　salad沙拉　soup汤　ice冰　ice-cream冰淇淋　Coke可乐　juice果汁　tea茶　coffee咖啡　breakfast早餐　lunch午餐　dinner/supper晚餐　meal一餐　‎ ‎ 水果、蔬菜(fruit & vegetables)：apple苹果　banana香蕉　pear梨　orange橙　watermelon西瓜　grape葡萄　eggplant茄子　green beans青豆　tomato西红柿　potato土豆　peach桃　strawberry草莓　cucumber黄瓜　onion洋葱　carrot胡萝卜　cabbage卷心菜 ‎ 衣服（clothes）：jacket夹克衫　shirt衬衫　T-shirt丅恤衫　skirt短裙子　dress连衣裙　jeans牛仔裤　pants长裤　socks袜子　shoes鞋子　sweater毛衣　coat上衣　raincoat雨衣　shorts短裤　sneakers网球鞋　slippers拖鞋　sandals凉鞋　boots靴子　hat(有沿的)帽子　cap便帽　sunglasses太阳镜　‎ 交通工具(vehicles)：bike自行车　bus公共汽车　train火车　boat小船　ship轮船　yacht快艇　car小汽车　taxi出租车　jeep吉普车　van小货车；面包车　plane/airplane飞机　subway/underground地铁　motor cycle摩托车　‎ ‎ 杂物（other things）： window窗户　door门　desk课桌　chair椅子　bed床　computer计算机　board写字板　fan风扇　light灯　teacher’s desk讲台　picture图画；照片　wall墙壁　floor地板　curtain窗帘　trash bin垃圾箱　closet壁橱　mirror镜子　end table床头柜　football/soccer足球　present礼物　walkman随身听　lamp台灯　phone电话　sofa沙发　shelf书架　fridge冰箱　table桌子　TV电视　air-conditioner空调　key钥匙　lock锁　photo照片　chart图表　plate盘子　knife刀　fork叉　spoon勺子　chopsticks筷子　pot锅　gift礼物　toy玩具　‎ doll洋娃娃　ball球　balloon气球　kite风筝　jigsaw puzzle拼图游戏　box盒子　umbrella伞　zipper拉链　violin小提琴　yo-yo溜溜球　nest鸟窝　hole洞　tube管子　toothbrush牙刷　menu菜单　e-card电子卡片　e-mail电子邮件　traffic light交通灯　money钱　medicine药 ‎ 地点（locations）：home家　room房间　bedroom卧室　bathroom卫生间　living room起居室　kitchen厨房　classroom教室　school学校　park公园　library图书馆　post office邮局　police office警察局　hospital医院　cinema电影院　bookstore书店　farm农场　zoo动物园　garden花园　study书房　playground操场　canteen食堂　teacher’s office教师办公室　library图书馆　gym体育馆　washroom卫生间　art room绘画教室　computer room计算机教室　music room音乐教室　TV room电视机房　flat公寓　company公司　factory工厂　fruit stand水果摊　pet shop宠物商店　nature park自然公园　theme park主题公园　science museum科学博物馆　the Great Wall长城　supermarket超市　bank银行　country国家　village乡村　city城市　hometown家乡　bus stop公交车站 ‎ 课程（classes）： sports体育运动　science科学　Moral Education思想品德课　Social Studies社会课　Chinese语文　math数学　PE体育课　English英语课 art class美术课 music class音乐课 computer class 电脑课 ‎ 国家、城市（countries & cities）： China/PRC中国　America/USA美国　UK联合王国　England英国　Canada/CAN加拿大　Australia澳大利亚　New York纽约　London伦敦　Sydney悉尼　Moscow莫斯科　‎ 气象（weather）： cold寒冷的　warm温暖的　cool凉爽的　snowy下雪的　sunny晴朗的　hot炎热的　rainy下雨的　windy有风的　cloudy多云的　weather report天气预报　‎ ‎ 景物（nature）： river河流　lake湖泊　stream河；溪　forest森林　path小道　road公路　house房子　 bridge桥　building建筑物　rain雨　cloud云　sun太阳　mountain山　sky天空　rainbow彩虹　wind风　 air空气　moon月亮 植物（plants）： flower花　grass草　tree树　seed种子　sprout苗　plant植物　rose玫瑰　leaf叶子 ‎ 星期（week）： Monday星期一　Tuesday星期二　Wednesday星期三　Thursday星期四　Friday星期五　Saturday星期六　Sunday星期天　weekend周末 ‎ 月份（months）： Jan. (January)一月　Feb.（February）二月　Mar.(March)三月　April四月　May五月　 June六月　July七月　Aug.(August)八月　Sept.(September)九月　Oct.(October)十月　Nov.(November)十一月Dec.(December)十二月 （五、六、七三个月份没有缩写）‎ ‎ 季节（seasons）： spring春　summer夏　fall/autumn秋　winter冬 方位（directions）： south南　north北　east东　west西　left　左边　right右边 i ‎ 患病（illness）： have a fever发烧　hurt疼痛　have a cold感冒　have a toothache牙疼　have a headache头疼　 have a sore throat喉咙疼　 have a flu 流感 have a stomachache 胃痛、腹痛 ‎ 数词（numbers）： 基数词：one一　two二　three三　four四　five五　six六　seven七　eight八　nine九　ten十　eleven十一　twelve十二　thirteen十三　fourteen十四　fifteen十五　sixteen十六　seventeen十七　eighteen十八　nineteen十九　twenty二十　thirty三十　forty四十　fifty五十　sixty六十　seventy七十　eighty八十　ninety九十　forty-two四十二　hundred百　one hundred and thirty-six一百三十六　‎ 序数词：first第一　second第二　third第三　fourth第四　fifth第五　eighth第八　ninth第九　twelfth第十二　twentieth第二十　thirtieth第三十　fortieth第四十　fiftieth第五十　sixtieth第六十　seventieth第七十 　eightieth第八十　ninetieth第九十　fifty-sixth第五十六 ‎ 形容词(adj.)： big大的　small小的　long长的　tall高的　short短的；矮的　young年轻的　old旧的；老的　strong健壮的　thin瘦的　active积极活跃的　quiet安静的　nice好看的　kind和蔼亲切的　strict严格的　smart 聪明的　funny滑稽可笑的　tasty好吃的　sweet甜的　salty咸的　sour酸的　fresh新鲜的　favourite最喜爱的　clean干净的　tired疲劳的　excited兴奋的　angry生气的　happy高兴的　bored无聊的　sad忧愁的　taller更高的　shorter更矮的　stronger更强壮的　older年龄更大的　younger更年轻的　bigger更大的　heavier更重的　longer更长的　thinner更瘦的　smaller更小的　good好的　fine好的　great很好的　heavy 重的　new新的　fat胖的　happy快乐的　right对的　hungry饥饿的　cute逗人喜爱的　little小的　lovely可爱的　beautiful漂亮的　colourful色彩鲜艳的　pretty漂亮的　cheap便宜的　expensive昂贵的　juicy多汁的　tender嫩的　healthy健康的　ill有病的　helpful有帮助的　high高的　easy简单的　proud骄傲的　sick有病的　better更好的　higher更高的 ‎ 介词（prep.）： in在……里　on在……上；在……时候　under在……下面　near在……的旁边　 behind在……后面　next to与……相邻　over在……上方　in front of在……前面 between 在……之间 ‎ 代词（pron.）： I我　we我们　you你；你们　he他　she她　it它　they他（她，它）们　my我的　our 我们的　your你的；你们的　his他的　her她的 ‎ 动词（v.）：play（.ed）玩；踢　swim(swam)游泳　skate滑冰　fly(flew)飞　jump跳　walk走　run(ran)跑　climb爬　fight打架　swing荡　eat(ate)吃　sleep(slept)睡觉　like像，喜欢　have(had)有；吃　turn转弯　buy(bought)买　take(took)买；带　live居住　teach教　go(went)去　study(studied)学习　learn学习　sing(sang)唱歌　dance跳舞　row划　do(did)做　do homework做作业　do housework做家务　watch TV看电视　read(read) books读书　cook the meals做饭　water the flowers浇花　sweep(swept) the floor扫地　clean the bedroom打扫卧室　make(made) the bed铺床　set(set) the table摆饭桌　wash the clothes洗衣服　do the dishes洗碗碟　use a computer使用计算机　do morning exercises晨练；做广播操　eat breakfast吃早饭　eat dinner吃晚饭　go to school上学　have English class上英语课　play sports进行体育运动　get（got）up起床　climb mountains爬山　go shopping买东西　play the piano弹钢琴　visit grandparents看望（外）祖父母　go hiking去远足　fly kites放风筝　make a snowman堆雪人　plant trees种树　draw(drew) pictures画画　cook dinner做饭　read a book看书　answer the phone接电话　listen to music听音乐　clean the room打扫房间　write(wrote) a letter写信　write an e-mail写电子邮件　drink(drank) water喝水　take pictures照相　watch insects观察昆虫　pick up leaves采摘树叶　do an experiment做实验　catch butterflies捉蝴蝶　count insects数昆虫　collect insects收集昆虫　collect leaves收集树叶　write a report写报告　play chess下棋　have a picnic举行野餐　get to到达　ride(rode) a bike骑自行车　play the violin拉小提琴　make kites制作风筝　collect stamps集邮　meet(met)见面　welcome欢迎　thank谢谢　love爱　work工作　drink(drank)喝　taste尝　smell闻　feed(fed)喂养　shear剪　milk挤奶　look看　guess猜　help帮助　pass传递　show展示　use使用　clean打扫　open打开　close关上　put放　paint绘画　tell(told)告诉　kick踢　bounce反弹　ride(rode)骑　stop(stopped)停　wait等　find(found)寻找到　drive(drove)驾驶　fold折　send(sent)寄　wash洗　shine照耀　become变成　feel(felt)感觉到　think思考　meet遇见　fall落下　leave(left)离开　wake up醒来　put on穿上　take off脱掉　　wear穿　go home回家　go to bed上床睡觉　play computer games玩电脑游戏　play chess下棋　empty the trash倒垃圾　put away the clothes收拾衣服　get off下车　take a trip去旅行　read a magazine读杂志　go to the cinema去看电影　go straight向前直走