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1动物(animal):
bird 鸟 bear 熊 horse 马 butterfly 蝴蝶 parrot 鹦鹉 kangaroo 袋鼠 cat 猫
chameleon 变色龙 dog 狗 camel 骆驼 chick 小鸡 dragon 龙duck 鸭子 elephant 大象
fish 鱼 frog 青蛙 hen 母鸡 lion 狮子 monkey 猴子 owl 猫头鹰 panda 熊猫tiger 老虎
wolf 狼
2人体器官(body)：
head头 eye 眼睛 ear 耳朵 face脸 nose 鼻子mouth 嘴hair头发 shoulder 肩膀 arm 胳膊
hand手finger 手指 leg 大腿 knee膝盖 foot 脚（feet复数） toe 脚趾
3季节(season)：
spring春天 summer夏天 autumn秋天 winter冬天
4月份(month)：
January一月 February二月 March三月 April四月 May五月 June 六月 July七月
August八月 September九月 October十月 November十一月 December 十二月
5星期(week)：
Sunday 星期日 Monday 星期一 Tuesday 星期二Wednesday 星期三 Thursday 星期四
Friday 星期五 Saturday 星期六
6职业（job/work）：
actor演员doctor 医生 driver 司机dancer舞蹈演员 farmer 农民 postman 邮递员
firemen消防队员 teacher 教师 nurse 护士 policeman警察 taikonaut 宇航员
7家庭(family):
grandparent（外）祖父（母） grandfather（外）祖父 grandmother（外）祖母
grandchildren（外）孙子（女）parent父（母）亲 father父亲 mother(mum)母亲
cousin表（堂）兄妹 kid孩子 brother哥（弟） sister姐（妹）son儿子 uncle叔，伯，舅
8国家(county)：
China 中国 France 法国 America 美国 Spain 西班牙 Australia 澳大利亚 Canada 加拿大
England 英格兰
9城市(city)及处所（place）:
Chinatown唐人街bedroom 卧室classroom教室 farm农场 field 田地 flat 公寓house家，
房子station 车站 supermarket 超市 library图书馆 restaurant 饭店, 旅馆 school学校
office办公室park 公园 playground 操场，运动场 seashore海岸，海滩 square 广场
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10水果(fruit)：
apple苹果 banana香蕉watermelon西瓜 mango芒果 orange橘子 pear梨
11服装(clothes) ：
T-shirt体恤衫 cap帽子 coat外套 hat帽子 dress连衣裙，女装 shoe鞋子sweater毛线衫
swimsuit游泳衣
12单位：
kilometer千米，公里 kilo千克，公斤 metre米
13动作(action)：
dancing跳舞 drawing 画 jumping 跳skipping跳绳 swimming 游泳 shipping 购物
14交通工具：
aero plane直升飞机 bike自行车 train火车 bus公共汽车 boat小船 dragon boat龙船
ship轮船 car小汽车 lorry卡车 plane飞机 taxi出租车
15节日(festival)：
Spring Festival春节 Lantern festival元宵节 Dragon Boat festival端午节
Mid-Autumn Festival中秋节 Flag Day国旗日 Christmas圣诞节
16宇宙事物及天气（weather）：
sky 天空 air 空气 wind 风cloud 云 sun 太阳 sunshine 阳光space太空 rain 雨 snow 雪
17学习用品：
blackboard黑板 book 书 desk 课桌dictionary字典 pen 钢笔 pencil 铅笔ruler尺子
bag 书包
18人物（people）：
boy男孩 girl 女孩 friend 朋友 child儿童（单） children 儿童（复）lady 女士，小姐
man男人(单) men 男人(复) queen 女王 pupil小学生 woman 女人（单） women女人(复)
19球类名词（ball）：
basketball 篮球 baseball 棒球football 足球 table tennis 乒乓球
20乐器名词：
flute笛子guitar吉他 piano钢琴 trumpet小号 violin小提琴 zither古筝
21日用品：
bed 床 bag 包，袋 bell 铃 bottle瓶子 box 盒子 building 建筑物basket篮子
clock 钟表 camera 照相机 cup杯子 chopsticks 筷子door 门 vase花瓶 doorbell 门铃
light 灯 pan平底锅 phone 电话 radio 收音机 table 桌子 toothbrush 牙刷 knife刀
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chair 椅子 table 桌子 TV 电视机 telephone 电话 television 电视机 fork叉
22三餐：
breakfast早餐 lunch午餐 dinner晚餐，正餐
23食品(food)：
fast food 快餐 biscuit 饼干 bread 面包 cake 蛋糕 sausage 火腿 coffee咖啡
cheese奶酪 cola可乐 dumplings 饺子 egg 鸡蛋 fish and chips 鱼和薯条 moon cake月饼
spice香料，调料品 ginger姜 hot dog 热狗sweets 糖果 hamburger 汉堡包 ice cream 冰
激凌 jam 果酱 peanut 花生juice 果汁meat 肉 milk 牛奶sandwich 三明治,noodles面条
soup 汤soybean milk 豆浆 tea 茶 toast 烤面包 vegetable 蔬菜
24游戏及娱乐：
balloon 气球jigsaw 拼图游戏 computer games 电脑游戏, joke 笑话 kite 风筝
morning exercise 早操popular music 流行音乐 project 综合实践项目 toy 玩具
25疾病：
cold 感冒 fever 高烧 headache 头痛 stomachache胃痛
26学科(subject)：
maths 数学 geography 地理 history 历史music 音乐 PE 体育 science 科学 French法语
English 英语 Chinese 汉语
二、分类词汇
名词：
人物： boy girl mother father brother sister friend cousin driver dancer pupil teacher policeman nurse farmer doctor Ms Mr
动物： animal dragon tiger lion elephant monkey panda dog cat bird
五官 身体部分： head eye nose ear mouth hand arm foot leg hair
食物： food cake rice meat bread noodles soup fish chocolate mango banana apple pear orange
peanut sweets biscuit vegetable milk fruit watermelon ice cheese juice coffee tea
场所方位： classroom class school home farm house road supermarket station park lake sea river
east west north south
国家： China England America country
玩具：kite, toy, computer game, doll, jigsaw, chess, ball
文具：bag pencil pen book
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时间： time today day hour yesterday tomorrow morning afternoon evening weekend
服装：hat dress coat T-shirt clothes sweater
教室中的物品： desk chair door window
其它名词： name present box bottle song winner Christmas tree letter homework
weather postcard matter game life headache fever
动词：
运动： play football, play basketball, play table tennis, do morning exercises, go
swimming, go cycling, run, high jump, ride, row a boat,
系动词： am is are was were feel smell
情态动词 ：can need may should
其它动作：want, make, cook, wash, please, draw, thank, think, point to, sit down, stand up, know, help, hope, look see, have, has, like, sing , read, write, draw, learn, listen, hear, say, talk, tell, study, speak, drink, drop laugh, give, visit, catch, dance, carry, live, agree, stop, finish, wait, get up, have breakfast, go to school, go to work, have lunch, go home, have dinner, watch TV, take pictures, go straight on, turn right, turn left, understand, argue, wear, went bought had met ran lost learnt
形容词：
颜色： red blue yellow green black orange purple pink white
天气： hot cold warm cool windy sunny
心情感觉： fine, happy, favorite, hungry, difficult, thirsty sad, bored, angry, tired, sorry
其它： big small short tall old young new thin fat, great, strong, blind, deaf
nice shy clever naughty cool cute good bad careful long wide interesting beautiful
wonderful many much famous quiet dangerous better, worse, useful, last dear clean enough
副词：
疑问副词： where when how why
其它副词： here there now then very up down fast high well badly really hard
代词：
人称代词： I we you he she they it
物主代词： my our your his her their its mine yours hers his
指示代词： this that these those
不定代词： some many much any
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疑问代词： what, whose, How many, How old, who, How much,
数词： one two three four five six seven eight nine ten eleven twelve thirteen fourteen fifteen sixteen seventeen eighteen nineteen twenty thirty forty fifty sixty seventy eighty ninety hundred
介词：on in under to at past by with
冠词：a an the
连词：and, but, because, so, than
其它：Yes, No, Hello, Goodbye, Thank you, too, Happy birthday, o’clock, Happy New Year, Spring Festival, Children’s Day, Let’s, Excuse me, Sport Day, Good luck, Come on, Of course, The Great Wall,
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三、重点句型
1. Good morning. 2. Good afternoon. 3. How are you? I’m fine, thank you.And how are you?
I’m fine, too. 4. What’s your name? My name is Sam. / I’m Sam.5. How many? It’s ten.
6. How many boys? Ten boys. 7. How many girls? Eleven girls.8. Stand up/ Sit down.
9. Point to the door. /window, chair… 10. What’s this?It’s a book.
11. What’s that?It’s a chair. 12. Happy birthday. Thank you.
13. Where’s my present ? It’s in the hat It’s on the hat.It’s under the hat.
14. How old are you? I’m eleven.
15. Is it a dog? Yes, it is./ No, it isn’t..
16. This is my mother. She’s a teacher. This is my father. He’s a doctor.
This is my grandpa. He’s a policeman. This is my grandma. She’s a driver.
This is my brother. He’s a farmer. This is my sister. She’s a nurse.
It’s me. I’m a pupil.
17. This is my hand. This is my nose. This is my mouth. These are my eyes.
These are my ears. These are my feet.
18. What are they? They are monkeys. Are they tall? No, they aren’t.
Are they thin? Yes, they are.
19.I like football. I don’t like basketball. I like swimming. I don’t like skipping rope.
I like skipping rope. I don’t like cycling.
20．What’s your favourite colour? It’s blue.
21.Sam likes toy cars. He doesn’t like Barbie dolls.
22.Amy likes Barbie dolls. She doesn’t like computer games
23.Do you like noodles? Yes, I do./ No, I don’t.
24.Does Lingling like meat? Yes, she does./ No, she doesn’t.
25.What’s the time , please? It’s four o’clock. It’s half past three.
26.I have breakfast at six o’clock. I go to school at eight o’clock.
I have lunch at twelve o’clock. I go home at half past five. I have dinner at half past six.
27.What do you do at the weekend? I play basketball. I watch TV. I play football.
I play table tennis. I go swimming.
28.What does Sam do at the weekend? He plays basketball. He watches TV. He plays football.
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He plays table tennis. He goes swimming.
29.What does Amy do at the weekend? She plays basketball. She watchesTV. She plays football.
She plays table tennis. She goes swimming.
30.What do you have at school? At school I have Chinese, Maths, English and Science.
31.Happy New Year. 32.Happy Christmas.
33. Spring It’s spring. It’s warm in spring. We go cycling in spring.
34.Summer It’s summer. It’s hot in summer. We go swimming in summer.
35. Autumn It’s autumn. It’s cool in autumn. We play football in autumn.
36. Winter It’s winter. It’s cold in winter. We watch TV and play table tennis in winter.
37.What do you do in spring? I go cycling in spring. What do you do in summer?
I go swimming in summer. What do you do in autumn? I play football in autumn.
What do you do in winter? I watch TV and play table tennis in winter.
38. How do you go to school? I go to school by bus.(或 by train, by car, by bike)
I go to school on foot. I walk to school.
39.How does your father go to work? He goes to work by car.
How does your mother go to work?
She goes to work by bike.
40.Have you got a tiger?Yes, I have./ No, I haven’t.
Have you got a new sweater? Yes, I have. / No, I haven’t.
41.Has he got a new toy plane? Yes, he has. / No, he hasn’t.
Has she got a new dress? Yes, she has./ No, she hasn’t.
42.This is my mother. She’s watching TV. This is my father. He’s reading a book.
This is my grandma. She’s writing a letter. This is my grandpa. He’s taking a picture.
43. What are you doing? I’m watching TV.
44.Do you want some rice? Yes, please./ No, thank you.
45.Have you got chopsticks in England ? Yes, we have./ No, we haven’t.
45.What are they doing? They’re rowing a boat.
46.Can you jump far?(run fast, jump high, ride fast) Yes, I can./ No, I can’t.
46.It’s time to go to bed.
47.We’re going to go to Hainan tomorrow.
48.What are you going to do for Sports Day? I’m going to run 100 metres.
49.Can I have an apple? Yes, you can./ Sorry, you can’t.
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50.Can I have some soup? Yes, you can./ Sorry, you can’t.
51.There is some fish.(不可数名词) There are some sweets. (可数名词)
There isn’t any soup. (不可数名词) There aren’t any biscuits. (可数名词)
52.How many birthdays are there in January? There is one. There four. There aren’t any.
53.This is Xiaoyong. He’s a clever pupil. He’s very clever.
54.This is a book about London. It’s very nice.
55.London is the capital of England.
56.This the River Thames. It’s very long and very wide.
57.This is Big Ben. It’s very old and very tall.
58.This is Hyde Park. It’s very beautiful.
59.This is Tower Bridge. It’s very famous and very beautiful.
60.We’re going to have a picnic.
61.Will you take a ball? Yes, I will./ No, I won’t.
63．What is Amy doing? She’s reading a letter.
64.I like playing football. 65.I love watching TV. 66.I like football and watching TV.
67.Robots will do everything. 68.Robots can walk.
69.It will be windy in Beijing. 70.It will rain in Hanzhou.
71.Amy’s taller than Lingling. 72.I’m shorter than Daming.
73.Beijing is bigger than Tianjin.
74.I think this girl is better than the first girl.
75.Do you agree? 76.This boy is worse than that boy.
77.Washington D.C is the capital of the USA.
78.People speak English in America.
79.I was two then. Now I am ten.
80.He was two then. Now he’s ten.
81.They weren’t old then. They were very young.
82.Did you help your mother on Saturday? Yes, I did. / No, I didn’t.
83.Did Amy help her mother? Yes, she did. / No, she didn’t.
84.Did Daming go to school? Yes, he did. / No, he didn’t.
85.Where did you go? I went to the Great Wall.
86.What did you do yesterday? I played basketball.
87.What did you see? I saw some big mountains.
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88.What did you eat? I ate some bread.
89.What did you buy? I bought some pictures.
90.Sam had chocolate biscuits yesterday.Today he’s got a stomachache.
91.Amy had a cold yesterday. Today she’s got a headache.
92.Lingling had a headache yesterday. Today she’s got a fever.
93.I’ve got a fever.
94.There was a tree.
95.There were many trees.
96.There wasn’t a chair.
97.There weren’t many flowers.
98.How many bananas do you want? Five bananas, please.
99.How much cheese do you want? Half a kilo, please.
100.It was sunny, so we could play basketball.
101.It rained yesterday, so se couldn’t play basketball.
102.Is this your cap? Yes, it’s mine./ No, it isn’t. It’s hers.
103.Whose book is this? It’s hers.
104.There is too much rubbish.
There aren’t enough sun.
There are too many chickens.
There isn’t enough food.
There are too many children.
There aren’t enough chairs.
105.I can play football well.
106.Can you control the ball?
Yes, I can. / No, I can’t.
107.This man is blind. He cannot see . He cannot walk well by himself. This dog helps him.
108.This girl is deaf. She cannot hear well by herself. This dog helps her.
109.These firemen cannot find people by themselves. But these dogs help them.
110.What time do you get up? I get up at half past six.
111.Are you feeling happy? Yes, I am. / No, I’m not.
112.You should look. Then cross the road.
113. You shouldn’t walk in the road.
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114.Should he do his homework? Yes, she should. 115.Should she watch TV? No, she shouldn’t.
四小学英语语法总结
一、名词复数规则
1．一般情况下，直接加-s，如：book-books, bag-bags, cat-cats, bed-beds
2．以s. x. sh. ch结尾，加-es，如：bus-buses, box-boxes, brush-brushes, watch-watches
3．以“辅音字母 y”结尾，变y为i, 再加-es，如：family-families, strawberry-strawberries
4．以“f或fe”结尾，变f或fe为v, 再加-es，如：knife-knives Leaf——leaves
5．不规则名词复数：
man-men woman-women, policeman-policemen, policewoman-policewomen, child-children， foot-feet
tooth-teeth fish-fish, people-people, Chinese-Chinese, Japanese-Japanese
写出下列各词的复数
I _________him _________this ___________her ______ watch _______child _______photo ________diary ______day________ foot________ book_______ dress ________tooth_______ sheep ______box_______ strawberry _____peach______ sandwich ______ dish_______ bus_______ man______ woman_______
二、一般现在时
一般现在时基本用法介绍
【No. 1】一般现在时的功能
1.表示事物或人物的特征、状态。如：The sky is blue.天空是蓝色的。
2.表示经常性或习惯性的动作。如：I get up at six every day.我天天六点起床。
3.表示客观现实。如：The earth goes around the sun.地球绕着太阳转。
一般现在时的构成
1. be动词：主语 be(am,is,are) 其它。如：I am a boy.我是一个男孩。
2.行为动词：主语 行为动词( 其它)。如： We study English.我们学习英语。
※当主语为第三人称单数(he, she,it)时，要在动词后加"-s"或"-es"。如：Mary likes Chinese.玛丽喜欢汉语。
【No. 2】一般现在时的变化
1. be动词的变化。 否定句：主语 be not 其它。 如：He is not a worker.他不是工人。
一般疑问句：Be 主语 其它。如：-Are you a student?-Yes. I am. / No, I'm not.
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非凡疑问句：疑问词 一般疑问句。如：Where is my bike?
2.行为动词的变化
否定句：主语 don't( doesn't ) 动词原形( 其它)。如:I don't like bread.
当主语为第三人称单数时，要用doesn't构成否定句。如：He doesn't often play.
一般疑问句：Do( Does ) 主语 动词原形 其它。如：- Do you often play football?- Yes, I do. / No, I don't. 当主语为第三人称单数时，要用does构成一般疑问句。如：- Does she go to work by bike?- Yes, she does. / No, she doesn't.
动词 s的变化规则
1．一般情况下，直接加-s，如：cook-cooks, milk-milks
2．以s. x. sh. ch. o结尾，加-es，如：guess-guesses, wash-washes, watch-watches, go-goes
3．以“辅音字母 y”结尾，变y为i, 再加-es，如：study-studies
一般现在时用法专练:
一、写出下列动词的第三人称单数
drink ________ go _______ stay ________ make ________look _________ have_______ pass_______ carry ____
come________ watch______ plant_______ fly ________study_______ brush________ do_________teach_______ wash_______
二、用括号内动词的适当形式填空。
1. He often ________(have) dinner at home. 2. Daniel and Tommy _______(be) in Class One.
3. We _______(not watch) TV on Monday. 4. Nick _______(not go) to the zoo on Sunday.
5. ______ they ________(like) the World Cup? 6. What _______they often _______(do) on Saturdays?
7. _______ your parents _______(read) newspapers every day?
8. The girl _______(teach) us English on Sundays.
9. She and I ________(take) a walk together every evening.
10. There ________(be) some water in the bottle. 11. Mike _______(like) cooking.
12. They _______(have) the same hobby. 13. My aunt _______(look) after her baby carefully.
14. You always _______(do) your homework well. 15. I _______(be) ill. I’m staying in bed.
16. She _______(go) to school from Monday to Friday. 17. Liu Tao _______(do) not like PE.
18. The child often _______(watch) TV in the evening.19. Su Hai and Su Yang _______(have) eight lessons this term. 20. －What day _______(be) it today? － It’s Saturday
三、现在进行时
1．现在进行时表示现在正在进行或发生的动作，也可表示当前一段时间 内的活动或现阶段正在进行的动作。
2．现在进行时的肯定句基本结构为be 动词ing.
3．现在进行时的否定句在be后加not。
4．现在进行时的一般疑问句把be动词调到句首。
5．现在进行时的非凡疑问的基本结构为：
疑问词be+ 主语+ 动ing?
但疑问词当主语时其结构为： 疑问词+be+动词ing?
动词加ing的变化规则
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1．一般情况下，直接加ing，如：cook-cooking
2．以不发音的e结尾，去e加ing，如：make-making, taste-tasting
3．假如末尾是一个元音字母和一个辅音字母，双写末尾的辅音字母，再加ing，如：run-running, stop-stopping
现在进行时专项练习：
一、写出下列动词的现在分词：
play________ run__________ swim _________make__________go_________ like________ write________ _ski___________read________ have_________ sing ________ dance_________ put_________ see________ buy _________ love____________live_______ take_________ come ________ get_________
stop_________ sit ________ begin________ shop___________
二、用所给的动词的正确形式填空：
1.The boy __________________ ( draw)a picture now.
2. Listen .Some girls _______________ ( sing)in the classroom .
3. My mother _________________ ( cook )some nice food now.
4. What _____ you ______ ( do ) now?
5. Look . They _______________( have) an English lesson .
6.They ____________(not ,water) the flowers now.
7.Look! the girls ________________(dance )in the classroom .
8.What is our granddaughter doing? She _________(listen ) to music.
9. It’s 5 o’clock now. We _____________(have)supper now
10.______Helen____________(wash )clothes? Yes ,she is .
四、将来时理论及练习
一、概念：表示将要发生的动作或存在的状态及打算、计划或预备做某事。 句中一般有以下时间状语：tomorrow, next day(week, month, year…), soon, the day after tomorrow（后天）等。
二、基本结构：
①be going to do；
②will do.
三、否定句：在be动词（am, is, are）l后加not或情态动词will后加not成won’t。
例如：I’m going to have a picnic this afternoon.→ I’m not going to have a picnic this afternoon.
四、同义句：be going to = will
I am going to go swimming tomorrow（明天）. = I will go swimming tomorrow.
练习：
填空。
1. 我打算明天和朋友去野炊。I_____ _______ _________ have a picnic with my friends.
I ________ have a picnic with my friends.
2.我们将要学习英语 We _____ _______ _________ learn English.
We ________ learn English.
五、一般过去时
1．一般过去时表示过去某个时间发生的动作或存在的状态，常和表示过去的时间状语连用。一般过去时也表示过去经常或反复发生的动作。
2．Be动词在一般过去时中的变化：
⑴am 和is在一般过去时中变为was。（was not=wasn’t）
⑵are在一般过去时中变为were。（were not=weren’t）
3．句中没有be动词的一般过去时的句子
否定句：didn’t +动词原形，如：Jim didn’t go home yesterday.
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动词过去式变化规则：
1．一般在动词末尾加-ed，如：work__-worked , cook-cooked
2．结尾是e加d，如：live____lived
3．末尾只有一个元音字母和一个辅音字母的重读闭音节，应双写末尾的辅音字母，再加-ed，如：stop-stopped
4．以“辅音字母 y”结尾的，变y为i， 再加-ed，如：study-studied
5．不规则动词过去式：
am,is-was, are-were, do-did, see-saw, say-said, give-gave,get-got, go-went, come-came, have-had, eat-ate, take-took,run-ran, sing-sang, put-put, make-made, read-read, write-wrote, draw-drew, drink-drank, swim-swam, sit-sat
过去时练习
写出下列动词的过去式
isam_________ plant________ are ________drink_________ play_______ go________ make ________
does_________ dance________ worry________ ask _____taste_________ eat__________ put ______
kick_________ pass_______ do ________
Be动词的过去时练习（1）
一、用be动词的适当形式填空
1. I _______ at school just now. 2. He ________ at the camp last week.
3. We ________ students two years ago. 4. They ________ on the farm a moment ago.
5. Yang Ling ________ eleven years old last year. 6. There ________ an apple on the plate yesterday.
7. There ________ some milk in the fridge on Sunday.
8. The mobile phone _______ on the sofa yesterday evening.
一、用be动词的适当形式填空
1. I ______ an English teacher now.
2. She _______ happy yesterday.
3. They _______ glad to see each other last month.
行为动词的过去时练习（2）
一、用动词的适当形式填空
1. I ______ (watch) a cartoon on Saturday.
2. Her father _______ (read) a newspaper last night.
3. We _________ to zoo yesterday, we _____ to the park. (go)
4. ______ you _______ (visit) your relatives last Spring Festival?
5. ______ he _______ (fly) a kite on Sunday? Yes, he ______.
6. Gao Shan _______ (pull) up carrots last National Day holiday.
7. I ____________ (sweep) the floor yesterday, but my mother______.
8. What ______ she _______ (find) in the garden last morning?She __________ (find) a beautiful butterfly.
六、人称代词和物主代词
主格：
I
we
you
she
he
it
they
宾格：
me
us
you
her
him
it
them
形容词性物主代词：
my
our
your
her
his
its
their
名词性物主代词：
mine
ours
yours
hers
his
its
theirs
习题
一.用所给词的适当形式填空
1. That is not _________ kite. That kite is very small, but ___ is very big. ( I )
2. The dress is _________. Give it to _________. ( she )
3. Is this _________ watch? (you) No, it’s not _________ . ( I
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)
4. _________ is my brother. _________ name is Jack. Look! Those stamps are _________. ( he )二、用am, is, are 填空
1. I ______ a boy. ______ you a boy? No, I _____ not. 2. The girl______ Jack's sister.
3. The dog _______ tall and fat. 4. The man with big eyes _______ a teacher.
5. ______ your brother in the classroom? 6. Where _____ your mother? She ______ at home.
7. How _______ your father?
8. Mike and Liu Tao ______ at school. 9. Whose dress ______ this?10. Whose socks ______ they?
语法及练习1 be动词
Be 动词的用法：
(1) Am--was Is --was Are--were 口诀：我用am, 你用are, is用在他她它，复数全用are。
(2) 肯定和否定句 I am (not) from London. He is(not) a teacher. She is(not) in the dining room. My hair is(not) long. Her eyes are(not) small.
(3) 一般疑问句 Am I a Chinese? Yes, you are. No, you aren’t. Are they American? Yes, they are. No, they aren’t. Is the cat fat? Yes, it is. No, it isn’t.
用恰当的be动词填空。
1. I ______ a boy. ______ you a boy? No, I _____ not.
2. The girl______ Jack's sister.
3. The dog _______ tall and fat.
4. The man with big eyes _______ a teacher.
5. ______ your brother in the classroom?
6. Where _____ your mother? She ______ at home.
7. How _______ your father?
8. Mike and Liu Tao ______ at school.
9. Whose dress ______ this?
10. Whose socks ______ they?
11. That ______ my red skirt.
12. Who ______ I?
13.The jeans ______ on the desk.
14. Here ______ a scarf for you.
15. Here ______ some sweaters for you.
16. The black gloves ______ for Su Yang.
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17. This pair of gloves ______ for Yang Ling.
18. The two cups of milk _____ for me.
19. Some tea ______ in the glass.
20. Gao shan's shirt _______ over there.
21. My sister's name ______Nancy.
22. This ______ not Wang Fang's pencil.
23. ______ David and Helen from England?
24. There ______ a girl in the room.
25. There ______ some apples on the tree.
26. _______ there any kites in the classroom?
27. _______ there any apple juice in the bottle?
28. There _______ some bread on the plate.
29. There _______ a boy, two girls, three men and ten women in the park.
30. You, he and I ______ from China.
语法及练习2 人称代词和物主代词
人称代词和物主代词
1．人称代词主格和宾格的区别：主格通常位于句中第一个动词之前（有时候位于than 之后），宾格一般位于动词或介词之后。
2．物主代词形容词性与名词性的区别：形容词性用时后面一般要带上名词，名词性则单独使用，后面不带名词。
一.填写代词表主格。
I
it
we
you
them
his
your
hers
二.用所给词的适当形式填空。
1. That is not _________ kite. That kite is very small, but _________ is very big. ( I )
2. The dress is _________. Give it to _________. ( she )
3. Is this _________ watch? (you) No, it’s not _________ . ( I )
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4. _________ is my brother. ________ name is Jack. Look! Those stamps are _________. ( he )
5. _________ dresses are red. (we) What colour are _________? ( you )
6. Here are many dolls, which one is _________ ? ( she )
7. I can find my toy, but where’s _________? ( you )
8. Show _________ your kite, OK? (they)
9. I have a beautiful cat. _________name is Mimi. These cakes are _________. ( it )
10. Are these ________ tickets? No, ________ are not _________. ________ aren’t here. ( they ) 11. Shall _________ have a look at that classroom? That is _________ classroom. ( we )
12. _________ is my aunt. Do you know _________ job? _________ a nurse. ( she )
13. That is not _________ camera. _________is at home. ( he )
14. Where are _________? I can’t find _________. Let’s call _________ parents. ( they )
15. Don’t touch _________. _________ not a cat, _________ a tiger!
16. _________ sister is ill. Please go and get _________. ( she )
17. _________ don’t know her name. Would you please tell _________. ( we )
18. So many dogs. Let’s count _________. ( they )
19. I have a lovely brother. _________ is only 3. I like _________ very much. ( he )
20. May I sit beside _________? ( you )
21. Look at that desk. Those book are on _________. ( it ）
22.The girl behind _________ is our friend. (she )
语法及练习3 名词复数和动词三单
一、名词复数规则
1．一般情况下，直接加-s，如：book-books, bag-bags, cat-cats, bed-beds
2．以s. x. sh. ch结尾，加-es，如：bus-buses, box-boxes, brush-brushes, watch-watches
3．以“辅音字母+y”结尾，变y为i, 再加-es，如：family-families, strawberry-strawberries
4．以“f或fe”结尾，变f或fe为v, 再加-es，如：knife-knives
5．不规则名词复数： man-men, woman-women, policeman-policemen, policewoman-policewomen, mouse-mice child-children foot-feet,.tooth-teeth fish-fish, people-people, Chinese-Chinese, Japanese-Japanese
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练习：写出下列各词的复数。
I _________ him _________ this _______ her ______ watch _______ book_______
child _______ photo ________ diary ______ day________ foot________ dress ________ tooth_______ sheep ______ box_______ strawberry _____ thief _______yo-yo ______ peach______ sandwich ______ man______ woman_______ paper_______ people________
二．动词三单的变化规则
1．一般情况下，直接加-s，如：cook-cooks, milk-milks
2．以s. x. sh. ch. o结尾，加-es，如：guess-guesses, wash-washes, watch-watches, go-goes
3．以“辅音字母+y”结尾，变y为i, 再加-es，如：study-studies
练习: 写出下列动词的第三人称单数。
drink ________ go _______ stay ________ make ________ look _________
have_______ pass_______ carry ____ come________ watch______
plant_______ fly ________ study_______ brush________ teach_______
语法及练习4 一般现在时
一般现在时一般现在时基本用法介绍
一般现在时的功能
1.表示事物或人物的特征、状态。如：The sky is blue.天空是蓝色的。
2.表示经常性或习惯性的动作。如：I get up at six every day.我每天六点起床。
3.表示客观现实。如：The earth goes around the sun.地球绕着太阳转。
一般现在时的构成
1. be动词：主语+be(am,is,are)+其它。如：I am a boy.我是一个男孩。
2.行为动词：主语+行为动词(+其它)。如：We study English.我们学习英语。
当主语为第三人称单数(he, she,it)时，要在动词后加"-s"或"-es"。如：Mary likes Chinese.玛丽喜欢汉语。
一般现在时的变化
1. be动词的变化。否定句：主语+ be + not +其它。如：He is not a worker.他不是工人。
一般疑问句：Be +主语+其它。如：-Are you a student? -Yes. I am. / No, I'm not.
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特殊疑问句：疑问词+一般疑问句。如：Where is my bike?
2.行为动词的变化。否定句：主语+ don't( doesn't ) +动词原形(+其它)。如：I don't like bread. 当主语为第三人称单数时，要用doesn't构成否定句。如：He doesn't often play.
一般疑问句：Do( Does ) +主语+动词原形+其它。
如：- Do you often play football? - Yes, I do. / No, I don't.
当主语为第三人称单数时，要用does构成一般疑问句。
如：- Does she go to work by bike? - Yes, she does. / No, she doesn't.
特殊疑问句：疑问词+一般疑问句。如：How does your father go to work?
一般现在时用法专练:
一、用括号内动词的适当形式填空。
1. He often ________(have) dinner at home.
2. Daniel and Tommy _______(be) in Class One.
3. We _______(not watch) TV on Monday.
4. Nick _______(not go) to the zoo on Sunday.
5. ______ they ________(like) the World Cup?
6. What _______they often _______(do) on Saturdays?
7. _______ your parents _______(read) newspapers every day?
8. The girl _______(teach) us English on Sundays.
9. She and I ________(take) a walk together every evening.
10. There ________(be) some water in the bottle.
11. Mike _______(like) cooking.
12. They _______(have) the same hobby.
13. My aunt _______(look) after her baby carefully.
14. You always _______(do) your homework well.
15. I _______(be) ill. I’m staying in bed.
16. She _______(go) to school from Monday to Friday.
17. Liu Tao _______(do) not like PE.
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18. The child often _______(watch) TV in the evening.
19. Su Hai and Su Yang _______(have) eight lessons this term.
20. －What day _______(be) it today? － It’s Saturday.
二、按照要求改写句子。
1. Daniel watches TV every evening.(改为否定句) ___________________________________________________
2. I do my homework every day.(改为一般疑问句，作否定回答) ________________________________________________________
3. She likes milk.(改为一般疑问句，作肯定回答) ___________________________
4. Amy likes playing computer games.(改为一般疑问句，作否定回答) ___________________________________________________
5. We go to school every morning.(改为否定句) _______________________________________________________
6. He speaks English very well.(改为否定句) ___________________________________________________
7. I like taking photos in the park.(对划线部分提问) ________________________________________________________
8. John comes from Canada.(对划线部分提问) ___________________________________________________
9. She is always a good student.(改为一般疑问句，作否定回答) ________________________________________________________
10. Simon and Daniel like going skating.(改为否定句) ___________________________________________________
三、改错(划出错误的地方，将正确的写在横线上)
1. Is your brother speak English? __________________
2. Does he likes going fishing? __________________
3. He likes play games after class. __________________
4. Mr. Wu teachs us English. __________________
5. She don’t do her homework on Sundays. _________________
语法及练习5 现在进行时
现在进行时
1．现在进行时表示现在正在进行或发生的动作，也可表示当前一段时间内的活动或现阶段正在进行的动作。
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2．现在进行时的肯定句基本结构为be+动词ing.
3．现在进行时的否定句在be后加not。
4．现在进行时的一般疑问句把be动词调到句首。
5．现在进行时的特殊疑问的基本结构为：疑问词不达意 + be + 主语 + 动词ing?
但疑问词当主语时其结构为： 疑问词不达意 + be + 动词ing?
动词加ing的变化规则
1．一般情况下，直接加ing，如：cook-cooking
2．以不发音的e结尾，去e加ing，如：make-making, taste-tasting
3．如果末尾是一个元音字母和一个辅音字母，双写末尾的辅音字母，再加ing，如：run-running, stop-stopping
现在进行时专项练习：
一、写出下列动词的现在分词：
play________ run__________ swim _________ make__________ go_________
like________ write________ ski___________ read________ have_________
sing ________ dance_________ put_________ see________ buy _________
love_________ live_______ take_________ come ________ get_________
stop_________ sit ________ begin________ shop___________
二、用所给的动词的正确形式填空：
1.The boy __________________ ( draw)a picture now.
2. Listen .Some girls _______________ ( sing)in the classroom .
3. My mother _________________ ( cook )some nice food now.
4. What _____ you ______ ( do ) now?
5. Look . They _______________( have) an English lesson .
6.They ____________(not ,water) the flowers now.
7.Look! the girls ________________(dance )in the classroom .
8.What is our granddaughter doing? She _________(listen ) to music.
9. It’s 5 o’clock now. We _____________(have)supper now 10.______Helen____________(wash )clothes? Yes ,she is .
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三、句型转换：
1. They are doing housework .(分别改成一般疑问句和否定句) _____________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________
2．The students are cleaning the classroom . ( 改一般疑问句并作肯定和否定回答) _________________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________________
3．I’m playing the football in the playground .(对划线部分进行提问) _________________________________________________________________
4．Tom is reading books in his study . (对划线部分进行提问) _________________________________________________________________
语法及练习6 将来时
将来时
一、概念：
表示将要发生的动作或存在的状态及打算、计划或准备做某事。句中一般有以下时间状语：tomorrow, next day(week, month, year…),soon, the day after tomorrow（后天）等。
二、基本结构：①be going to + do； ②will+ do.
三、否定句：在be动词（am, is, are）l后加not或情态动词will后加not成won’t。
例如：I’m going to have a picnic this afternoon.→ I’m not going to have a picnic this afternoon. 四、一般疑问句： be或will提到句首，some改为any, and改为or，第一二人称互换。
例如：We are going to go on an outing this weekend. → Are you going to go on an outing this weekend?
五、对划线部分提问：一般情况，一般将来时的对划线部分有三种情况。
1. 问人。Who 例如：I’m going to New York soon. →Who’s going to New York soon.
2. 问干什么。What … do.例如： My father is going to watch a race with me this afternoon. →What is your father going to do with you this afternoon.
3. 问什么时候。When.例如：She’s going to go to bed at nine. →When is she going to bed? 六、同义句：be going to = will
I am going to go swimming tomorrow（明天）. = I will go swimming tomorrow.
练习：填空。
1. 我打算明天和朋友去野炊。
I_____ _______ _________ have a picnic with my friends.
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I ________ have a picnic with my friends.
2. 下个星期一你打算去干嘛? 我想去打篮球。
What ________ ________ _________ _________ _________ next Monday?
I _______ ______ _____ play basketball. What _________ you do next Monday?
I ________ play basketball.
3. 你妈妈这个周末去购物吗？是，她要去买一些水果。
_____ your mother _______ ________ go shopping this ___________? Yes, she _________. She ______ ________ __________ buy some fruit.
4. 你们打算什么时候见面。
What time _______ you _________ __________ meet?
改句子。
5. Nancy is going to go camping.（改否定）
Nancy ________ going to go camping.
6. I’ll go and join them.（改否定）
I _______ go ______ join them.
7. I’m going to get up at 6:30 tomorrow.（改一般疑问句）
________ _______ ________ to get up at 6:30 tomorrow?
8. We will meet at the bus stop at 10:30.（改一般疑问句）
_______ ________ meet at the bus stop at 10:30.
9. She is going to listen to music after school.（对划线部分提问）
________ _______ she ________ ________ _________ after school?
10. My father and mother are going to see a play the day after tomorrow.(同上) _________ _________ going to see a play the day after tomorrow.
用所给词的适当形式填空。
11. Today is a sunny day. We ___________________ (have) a picnic this afternoon.
12. My brother _______________ (go) to Shanghai next week.
13. Tom often ______________(go) to school on foot. But today is rain. He ______________ (go) to school by bike.
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14. What do you usually do at weekends? I usually ________ (watch) TV and ________(catch) insects?
15. It’s Friday today. What _____she _________ (do) this weekend? She ______________ (watch) TV and _____________ (catch) insects.
16. What ___________ (d0) you do last Sunday? I ____________ (pick) apples on a farm.
What ______________ (do) next Sunday? I ______________ (milk) cows.
17. Mary ____________ (visit) her grandparents tomorrow.
18. Liu Tao ____________ (fly) kites in the playground yesterday.
19. David ______________ (give) a puppet show next Monday.
20. I ________________ (plan) for my study now.
语法及练习7 一般过去时
一般过去时
1．一般过去时表示过去某个时间发生的动作或存在的状态，常和表示过去的时间状语连用。一般过去时也表示过去经常或反复发生的动作感谢。
2．Be动词在一般过去时中的变化：
⑴am 和is在一般过去时中变为was。（was not=wasn’t）
⑵are在一般过去时中变为were。（were not=weren’t）
⑶带有was或were的句子，其否定、疑问的变化和is, am, are一样，即否定句在was或were后加not，一般疑问句把was或were调到句首。
3．句中没有be动词的一般过去时的句子
否定句：didn’t +动词原形，如：Jim didn’t go home yesterday.
一般疑问句：在句首加did，句子中的动词过去式变回原形。如：Did Jim go home yesterday? 特殊疑问句：⑴疑问词+did+主语+动词原形？如： What did Jim do yesterday?
⑵疑问词当主语时：疑问词+动词过去式？如：Who went to home yesterday?
动词过去式变化规则：
1．一般在动词末尾加-ed，如：pull-pulled, cook-cooked
2．结尾是e加d，如：taste-tasted
3．末尾只有一个元音字母和一个辅音字母的重读闭音节，应双写末尾的辅音字母，再加-ed，如：stop-stopped
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4．以“辅音字母+y”结尾的，变y为i， 再加-ed，如：study-studied
5．不规则动词过去式： am,is-was, are-were, do-did, see-saw, say-said, give-gave, get-got, go-went, come-came, have-had, eat-ate, take-took, run-ran, sing-sang, put-put, make-made, read-read, write-wrote, draw-drew, drink-drank, fly-flew, ride-rode, speak-spoke, sweep-swept, swim-swam, sit-sat
过去时练习：写出下列动词的过去式
isam_________ fly_______ plant________ are ________ drink_________
play_______ go________ make ________ does_________ dance________
worry________ ask _____ taste_________ eat__________ draw________
put ______ throw________ kick_________ pass_______ do ________
Be动词的过去时练习
一、用be动词的适当形式填空。
1. I ______ an English teacher now.
2. She _______ happy yesterday.
3. They _______ glad to see each other last month.
4. Helen and Nancy ________ good friends.
5. The little dog _____ two years old this year.
6. Look, there ________ lots of grapes here.
7. There ________ a sign on the chair on Monday.
8. Today _____ the second of June. Yesterday ______ the first of June. It _____ Children’s Day. All the students ______ very excited.
二、句型转换。
1. There was a car in front of the house just now.
否定句：________________________________________________
一般疑问句：____________________________________________
肯、否定回答：__________________________________________
三、 中译英。
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1．我的故事书刚才还在手表旁边。 ___________________________________________________________
2．他们的外套上个礼拜放在卧室里了。 ___________________________________________________________
3．一会以前花园里有两只小鸟。 ___________________________________________________________
行为动词的过去时练习
一、用be动词的适当形式填空。
1. I ______ (watch) a cartoon on Saturday.
2. Her father _______ (read) a newspaper last night.
3. We _________ to zoo yesterday, we _____ to the park. (go)
4. ______ you _______ (visit) your relatives last Spring Festival?
5. ______ he _______ (fly) a kite on Sunday? Yes, he ______.
6. Gao Shan _______ (pull) up carrots last National Day holiday.
7. I ____________ (sweep) the floor yesterday, but my mother ______.
8. What ______ she _______ (find) in the garden last morning? She __________ (find) a beautiful butterfly.
二、句型转换。
1. They played football in the playground.
否定句：________________________________________________
一般疑问句：____________________________________________
肯、否定回答：__________________________________________
三、中译英。
1. 格林先生去年住在中国。 ________________________________________________________
2. 昨天我们参观了农场。 ________________________________________________________
3. 他刚才在找他的手机。 _____________________________________________
过去时综合练习（1）
一、 用动词的适当形式填空。
1. It ______ (be) Ben’s birthday last Friday.2. We all ______ (have) a good time last night.
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3. He ________ (jump) high on last Sports Day.4. Helen ________ (milk) a cow on Friday.
5. She likes ______ newspapers, but she ______ a book yesterday. (read)
6. He _______ football now, but they _______ basketball just now. (play)
7. Jim’s mother _________ (plant) trees just now.8. _______ they ________ (sweep) the floor on Sunday? No, they _____.
9. I _______ (watch) a cartoon on Monday.10. We ___________ (go) to school on Sunday.
二、 中译英。
1. 我们上周五看了一部电影。 _________________________________________________________
2. 他上个中秋节走亲访友了吗？是的。 _________________________________________________________
3. 你们上个儿童节做了什么？我们参观了动物园。 _________________________________________________________
4. 你上周在哪儿?在野营基地。 _________________________________________________________
过去时综合练习
一、用动词的适当形式填空。
1. It _____ (be) the 2nd of November yesterday. Mr White ________ (go) to his office by car.
2. Gao Shan ________ (put) the book on his head a moment ago.
3. Don’t ______ the house. Mum _______ it yesterday. (clean)
4. What ____ you ______ just now? I _______ some housework. (do)
5. They _________ (make) a kite a week ago.
6. I want to ______ apples. But my dad _______ all of them last month. (pick)
7. _______ he ______ the flowers this morning? Yes, he _____. (water)
8. She ____ (be) a pretty girl. Look, she _____ (do) Chinese dances.
9. The students often _________ (draw) some pictures in the art room.
10.What ______ Mike do on the farm? He ________ cows. (milk)
二、中译英。
1. 他的朋友在照看他的弟弟。 _________________________________________________________
2. 去年端午节我们没去看了龙舟比赛。 _________________________________________________________
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3. 他在音乐课上拉小提琴了吗？不，没有。 _________________________________________________________
语法及练习8 There be 句型与have, has
There be 句型与have, has的区别
1、There be 句型表示：在某地有某物（或人）
2、在there be 句型中，主语是单数，be 动词用is ; 主语是复数，be 动词用are ; 如有几件
物品，be 动词根据最*近be 动词的那个名词决定。
3、there be 句型的否定句在be 动词后加not , 一般疑问句把be 动词调到句首。
4、there be句型与have(has) 的区别：there be 表示在某地有某物（或人）；have(has) 表示
某人拥有某物。
5、some 和any 在there be 句型中的运用：some 用于肯定句， any 用于否定句或疑问句。
6、and 和or 在there be句型中的运用：and 用于肯定句， or 用于否定句或疑问句。
7、针对数量提问的特殊疑问句的基本结构是： How many + 名词复数 + are there + 介词短语？
How much + 不可数名词 + is there + 介词短语？
8、针对主语提问的特殊疑问句的基本结构是： What’s + 介词短语？
Fill in the blank with “have,has”or “there is , there are”
1. I________a good father and a good mother. 2. ____________a telescope on the desk.
3. He_________a tape-recorder. 4.______a basketball in the playground.
5. She______some dresses. 6. They_____a nice garden.
7. What do you___________? 8. ________a reading-room in the building?
9. What does Mike___________? 10. ______any books in the bookcase?
11. My father____a story-book.12.__________a story-book on the table.
13. _______________any flowers in the vase 14. How many students____________in the classroom?
15. My parents___________some nice pictures. 16. _____________some maps on the wall.
17. ______________a map of the world on the wall. 18. David__________a telescope.
19. David’s friends___________some tents. 20. ______________many children on the hill.
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Fill in the blank with “ have, has ”
1. I_________ a nice puppet.
2. He_________a good friend.
3. They__________ some masks.
4. We___________some flowers.
5. She___________ a duck.
6. My father____________ a new bike.
7. Her mother___________a vase.
8. Our teacher_________ an English book.
9. Our teachers___________a basketball.
10. Their parents___________some blankets
11. Nancy_________many skirts.
12. David__________some jackets.
13. My friends__________a football.
14. What do you__________?
15. What does Mike__________?
16. What do your friends___________?
17. What does Helen___________?
18. His brother________a basketball.
19. Her sister_________a nice doll.
20. Miss Li__________an English book.
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