英语考前复习透析中考英语语法形容词副词考点 12页

透析中考英语语法形容词、副词考点 ‎【形容词、副词命题趋势】‎ 形容词是用来修饰名词的词表示名词的属性，副词和形容词一样，在句中起修饰作用，所不同的是：形容词主要修饰名词；而副词主要修饰动词、形容词、副词和句子等。对形容词、副词的考查是高考一项重要考查内容，考查的方向主要体现在以下几个方面： ‎ ‎1. 形容词的用法；‎ ‎2. 副词的用法；‎ ‎3. 形容词和副词原级、比较级、最高级的用法；‎ ‎4. 形容词和副词在句中的区别和位置。‎ ‎【考点诠释】‎ 一、考查形容词的作用与位置 ‎ 形容词修饰名词，说明事物或人的性质或特征。常放在被修饰的名词前作定语，放在系动词后作表语，或放在宾语之后作宾语补足语。‎ ‎1．多个形容词作定语时的排列顺序 ‎【考例】--Yeah, too _______work makes me tired. [太原市]‎ A. little B. many C. much ‎[答案]C。[解析]本题重在考查几个形容词的用法。little有“小的”或“几乎没有”等意思。many与much都有“多”的意思，但many修饰可数名词复数，much修饰不可数名词。空格后的名词work是不可数名词，故应选C。‎ ‎2．形容词用作定语，修饰不定代词时，通常后置。‎ The idea of "sunshine sport" makes it possible for kids to choose and do about sport as long as one hour every day. [哈尔滨市]‎ A. pleasant something B. anything pleasant C. nothing pleasant ‎[答案]B。[解析]考查形容词和不定代词的位置关系。从句子意思可知应填anything pleasant表“任何高兴的事”。A结构不对，C表否定。‎ ‎3．表语形容词(well，unwell，ill，faint， afraid，alike，alive，alone，asleep，awake等)作定语，需要后置；有些表示身体健康状况的形容词，如well，faint，m只作表语；sick既可作表语又可作定语。‎ ‎【考例】Carl felt _______because he won the first prize in the school singing competition. [安徽省]‎ A. interested B. proud C. angry D. worried ‎[答案]B 。[解析]考查形容词词义。根据句意“获奖是值得高兴、自豪的事情”，应选proud。‎ I feel ________to have a friend like him. He always helps me out when I am in trouble. [太原市]‎ A. luckily B. happy C. sorry ‎[答案]B。[解析]本题重在考查系动词的用法。系动词feel“觉得”其后可接形容词作表语，A项为副词，故排除；B、C虽然都是形容词，但意义相反，根据后句推断选B。‎ Jin Yong is one of the greatest and oldest____ writers．He is still__________.[镇江]‎ A．1iving；alive B．1iving；1iving C．alive；living D．alive；alive 答案：A解析：alive作表语或后置定语，指“有生命的，活的，还出着气的”；living指“健在的，现行的，现代的”，可作表语，也可作定语。句意为“金庸是最伟大的健在的老作家之一，他仍然活着”，故选A。‎ ‎4．用作补足语。‎ ‎【考例】Li Lei's words made her_________..[济南]‎ ‎ A．happily B．angrily C．crying D．angry 答案：D解析：本题考查make后跟形容词作宾语补足语的用法。选项中只有angry为形容词，故选D。‎ ‎5． 形容词之间词义的区别 ‎【考例】Nothing in the world is ________if you put your heart into it. [昆明]‎ A. impossible B. important C. interesting D. necessary ‎[答案]A。[解析]考查几个重要的形容词的含义。这是一个含有条件状语从句的复合句，后句给出的条件是“如果你把你的整个心思放进去”，那么可以很容易判断在世界上没有什么是“不可能的”，其余三项“重要的、有趣的、必须的”都与句子意思不符。‎ ‎---Would you like to go and see a film?‎ ‎--Sure; the TV programmes are too____________.[南京]‎ A. surprising B. interesting C. exciting D. boring ‎[答案]D。[解析]考查形容词。根据语境应选boring意为“枯燥的”。‎ ‎—Why are you so____?‎ ‎—Because our ping—pong player Wang Liqin has won the world championship．[福州]‎ A．excited B．exciting C．bored D．boring 答案：A解析：由题意“我们的乒乓球运动员王励勤获胜”，故选A或B。exciting“令人兴奋的”，往往修饰物／事；excited指人兴奋，故选A。‎ 二、考查副词的作用与位置 ‎ ‎1．副词则用来修饰形容词、动词、副词或句子，一般位于形容词之前，动词之后或句子之首。‎ The suitcase(手提箱)was __heavy for me to carry，so I pulled it up the stairs and into my flat．[沈阳]‎ A． quite B so C very D．too ‎[答案]D。[解析]考查 too…to句型。too…to太……而不能，“这个手提箱太重了，提不动，所以 … 。‎ We all love Miss Yang．She always makes her history class very_________.[ 重庆] ‎ A．interest B．interests C．interesting D．interested 答案：C解析：very是副词，后要跟形容词，该形容词修饰事物history class，故用interesting；如果修饰人用interested。故选C。‎ ‎2．enough作副词修饰形容词、副词时，必须后置。‎ ‎【考例】 —What do you think of the lecture(演讲)of Li Yang's Crazy English?‎ ‎ —I think it's____，but someone thinks it's much too________.[安徽芜湖]‎ A．wonderful enough；bored B．enough wonderful；boring C．wonderful enough；boring D．enough wonderful；bored C解析：enough修饰形容词时要后置，故排除B、D，而形容物时要用一ing形式的形容词，形容人时用一ed形式的形容词，故选C。‎ ‎3． 副词之间的词义区别 ‎【考例】It’s too late to go out now and______, it’s starting to rain.[杭州]‎ ‎ A. though    B. besides    C. however    D. instead ‎ 解析：答案为B。题干前半句说“现在时间太晚了不能出去了”，后面有说“天开始下雨了”‎ ‎，这两者是什么关系呢？不能出去的原因有两个，时间太晚不出去不方便，天在下雨就更不好出去了，因此两者应该是并列或递进关系。选项B的besides意为“此外，而且”，符合题意故为正确选项。‎ 三、对形容词和副词的比较等级的考查 ‎1．原级的用法。‎ ‎ 表示双方在程度、性质、特征等某方面相等时，用“as+原级形容词／副词+as”的结构；表示双方不相等时，用"not so(as)+原级形容词／副词+as"的结构；表示一方是另一方的若干倍时，用“倍数+as+原级形容词／副词+as”的结构。 ‎ ‎【考例】John is much shorter than his sister，but he jumps ___________she does．[连云港]‎ A．as good as B as best as C．as high as D．as higher as ‎[答案]C。[解析]用“as．．．as”作比较时，应使用形容词或副词的原级，据此可将B与D项排除。good是形容词，不能用作状语修饰谓语动词，所以C项正确。‎ Don't just believe the advertisement．That kind of camera is ______it says. [ 湖北] ‎ A．as good as B．not as good as C．as well as D．not as well as 答案：B解析：上句为“不要仅仅相信广告”，下句应为“这种相机没有它说的好”。“不如……”用not as+ adj．／adv． + as，句中有is，故用形容词。故选B。‎ ‎2．比较级的用法。‎ ‎1．表示一方超过另一方时，用“比较级+than"的结构表示。‎ ‎【考例】——Which coat is ____on me，the blue one or the black one?‎ 一The blue one．[北京市]‎ A good B better C．best D．the best ‎[答案]B。[解析] 考查比较级，根据句意：“哪个大衣我穿着更好看，是蓝色的，还是黑色的?”两者比较用比较级，故选B。 ‎ ‎——I think Shanghai food is ____Sichuan food．‎ ‎——I don't agree．I like Sichuan food better．[沈阳市]‎ A． better than B so good as C more than D as well as ‎[答案]A 。[解析]is是系动词，后面不能用as well as(因为well作adv：)，所以排除D。not so…as表“不及……”，用在否定句中故也被排除。more than不合句意，所以选A。‎ 一What does your cousin look like now?‎ ‎——0h, he is much ____than before．[福州市]‎ A． strong B stronger C strongest D．too strong ‎[答案]B。[解析]本题考查形容词的比较级。"than”是比较级的标志，它表示两者作比较，应使用形容词strong的比较级stronger，故选B项。‎ Let's go by plane, It's __________than by train. [吉林省]‎ A. faster B. fastest C. slower D. slowest ‎[答案]A 。[解析]由关键词than可知用比较级，所以排除了B、D。再由常识：飞机的速度快于火车，故选A。‎ ‎2．表示一方不及另一方时，用"less+原级+than"的结构表示。‎ ‎【考例】The doctor told Mary to eat _______ vegetables and __________meat because she was getting fatter and fatter. [广东省]‎ A. much; little B. more; less C. many; few D. more; fewer ‎[答案]B。[解析] 考查few与little的区别。本题由句意入手，“医生叫玛丽多吃蔬菜，少吃肉，因为她正变得越来越胖。”‎ 由后边的原因状语从句来看主句中也应为比较级，排除A、C选项，vegetable为可数名词，用many的比较级more修饰，meat为不可数名词，用little的比较级less修饰，故本题选B。‎ ‎[威海] ‎ 一Hi，Tom．Is your brother as active as you?‎ 一No，he's a quiet boy．He is____________.‎ A．less outgoing than me B．not so calm as I C．more active than I D．as outgoing as I ‎31．答案：A解析：根据前句“他是一个安静的男孩”，也就是“不如我活泼”，故只有A符合句意。‎ ‎3．一方在程度或数量上超过另一方时，可在比较级前加程度副词even，a lot，a bit，a little，still，much，far，yet，by far等来修饰。‎ ‎【考例】--You speak English much ________than before. ‎ ‎--Thank you. [陕西省]‎ A. well B. better C. best D. good ‎[答案]B。[解析] 句中有表示比较的连词than，所以所填部分必定是比较级，而选项中只有better是比较级。‎ ‎--Mr Smith, would you please speak a little more _________?‎ ‎ --Sorry! I thought you could follow me. [安徽省]‎ A. quietly B. quickly C. slowly D. politely ‎[答案]C。[解析]此题考查比较级。由答语可知对方要求说得稍慢一些，而slowly的比较级是more slowly，其他几项不符合要求。‎ ‎4．用more and more 的结构，表示“越……越 ‎【考例】The number of giant pandas is getting ______ because their living areas are becoming farmlands. （年江苏盐城）‎ ‎ A. less and less         B. larger and larger C. smaller and smaller    D. fewer and fewer ‎ 【解析】  答案为C。句意为“大熊猫的数量越来越少因为他们的生存空间正逐渐变成农场”。本题中四个选项都是“比较级+ and + 比较级”的结构，表示“越来越……”。主语为number，只能和large或small搭配。而结合句意可判断答案为C。‎ ‎5. 用"the+比较级+句子其它成分，the+比较级+句子其它成分”表示“越……越 ‎【考例】一Hi, Andrew．How can you improve your English so much?‎ ‎ ——Oh，nothing difficult．The __you work at it，the __progress you will make．[黄冈市]‎ A． harder；more B more hardly；more C．hardier；greater D．harder；great ‎[答案]A。[解析] 考查比较级的用法。the+比较级……，the+比较级……表示“越……越……”，如：the more，the better越多越好。‎ ‎--As middle school students, we should study hard for the future.- ‎ ‎--I think so. _________we study now, _________future we'll have. [哈尔滨市]‎ A. The hard; the good B. The harder; the better C. The hardest; the best ‎[答案]B。[解析] 根据题意可知要选比较级，“the+比较级，the+比较级”；表示“越……，越……”。依据句意：“现在学习越努力，将来会越好。”‎ 四、最高级的用法。‎ ‎1．三者或三者以上相比，表示最高程度时，形容词最高级用"the+最高级”结构表示。这种句式一般常有表示比较范围的介词短语。‎ ‎——Who is ____running star in your college?‎ ‎——I think Philip is．[长春]‎ A．famous B．more famous C．the most famous D．1ess famous 答案：C解析：由in your college"在你们大学里”限定范围，使用最高级，故选C。‎ ‎ Of all the sports shoes , John bought _________ pair. Then he had some money for socks. [成都市]‎ A. a cheaper B. the most wonderful C. the least expensive ‎[答案]C。[解析] 考查形容词比较级。根据句意可知，one of+(最高级)+名词复数，故排除A，再看句意，“因此他留下一些钱买袜子”故选C。‎ ‎——What do you like____，tea，coffee or milk? ‎ ‎--Tea, of course. [浙江]‎ A．better B．good C．well D．best 答案：D解析：本题考查副词最高级的用法。从三者中选择一者，构成了最高级的用法，故选D。‎ ‎2．形容词最高级可被序数词以及much．By far，nearly，almost，by no means，not quite，not really。nothing like等词语所修饰。‎ ‎【考例】 ‎ ‎4．作状语的副词最高级前可以不加定冠词。‎ ‎【考例】 —Did you enjoy yourself at the party?‎ ‎ 一Yes．I've never been to ____one before．[苏州]‎ ‎ A．a more exciting B．the most excited C．a more excited D．the most exciting 答案：A解析：由句意“我以前从未参加过比这个更令人兴奋的晚会”可知，此处要用比较级，故排除B、D两项。修饰物时要用一ing形式的形容词，故选A。‎ ‎5．形容词和副词前面使用冠词的情况。‎ Welcome to our hotel．It's ____in the city．[北京]‎ A．good B．better C．best D．the best 答案：D解析：由in the city这一范围确定要用最高级，且最高级前要使用冠词the，故选D。‎ English is one of ____important subjects in our school．[ 济南]‎ A．most B．the most C．more D．much more ‎ 答案：B解析：本题考查形容词最高级的用法，根据范围in our school可判断用最高级，故选B。‎ ‎--I am getting ___each month. I can't put on my jeans.‎ ‎--I'm afraid you have to take exercise every day. [河南省]‎ A. heavy B. heavier C. the heavier D. the heaviest Amy makes fewer mistakes than Frank. She does her homework_________.[南京市]‎ A. more carefully B. more carelessly C. more careful D. more careless ‎[答案]A。 [解析]考查副词的比较级。修饰动词应用副词，且此题为比较级，故选A。‎ 六、考查形容词、副词词义或用法上的区别 ‎【考例】Susan enjoys a cup of tea at times，but ____she drinks coffee．[扬州市]‎ A. mostly B almost C．nearly D．most ‎[答案]A。[解析]本题应从句意上破解，“大多数时候”她喜欢喝咖啡，四个选项中， mostly可用作副词修饰谓语动词，符合句意。 ‎ Zhou Feng has 1earned English for many years，but he can _____understand the English ‎ speakers.[07江西省]‎ A. hardly B certainly C．always D．almost ‎[答案]A。[解析]考查副词词义的区别。 抓住连词but是破解题目的关键所在，它在句中表转折，意为“但是”。 学了多年英语，理应能听懂英语，但他却“不能”，所以应选表示否定含义的副词hard1y。‎ Remember to e-mail me．All of us hope to hear from you________.[天津市]‎ A quickly B soon C．fast D．quick ‎ ‎[答案]B。[解析] 此处应是副词作状语，所以D项排除。quickly常指动作敏捷，soon意为“很快；不久"；fast常指速度快。由句意可知B项正确。‎ Unluckily，Mr. Brown drove so ____that his car crashed into a tree yesterday evening．[ 连云港]‎ A．careless B．careful C．carefully D．carelessly ‎ 答案：D解析：本题考查形容词与副词的用法，副词修饰动词。由题意“太粗心撞到了树上”，故选carelessly。‎ ‎[沈阳] ‎ Alice ____eats meat so that she can keep herself from getting too fat．‎ A．rarely B．always C．nearly D．carefully 答案：A解析：rarely意为“很少”；always意为“总是”；near1y意为“几乎”；carefully意为“细心地”。‎ ‎【语法回顾】‎ 形容词和副词 形容词是用来修饰名词的词表示名词的属性，副词和形容词一样，在句中起修饰作用，所不同的是：形容词主要修饰名词；而副词主要修饰动词、形容词、副词和句子等。‎ ‎1. 形容词的用法 ‎ ‎(1) 形容词在句中作定语, 表语, 宾语补足语。 例如：‎ ‎ Our country is a beautiful country. 我们的国家是一个美丽的国家。（作定语）‎ ‎ The fish went bad. 鱼变坏了。（作表语）‎ We keep our classroom clean and tidy. 我们保持我们的教室干净、整洁。（作宾语补足语）‎ ‎(2) 形容词修饰something, anything, nothing, everything等不定代词时,形容词放在名词后面。 ‎ ‎　 I have something important to tell you. 我有重要的事情告诉你。‎ ‎　 Is there anything interesting in the film. 在这部电影里有一些有趣的事情吗？‎ ‎(3) 用 and 或 or 连接起来的两个形容词作定语时一般把它们放在被修饰的名词后面。起进一步解释的作用。 ‎ ‎　 Everybody, man and woman, old and young, should attend the meeting. 每个人，无论男人、妇女，老人和年轻人应该参加会议。‎ ‎　 You can take any box away, big or small. 你可以拿走箱子，大的或小的。‎ ‎(4) 用形容词表示类别和整体。某些形容词加上定冠词可以泛指一类人，与谓语动词的复数连接，如the dead，the living，the rich，the poor，the blind，the hungry等。例如：‎ The rich should help the poor.富人应该帮助穷人。‎ ‎（5）有关国家和民族的形容词加上定冠词指这个民族的整体，与动词的复数连用，如the British，the English，the French，the Chinese等。例如：‎ ‎　　 The English have wonderful sense of humor. 英国人颇有幽默感。‎ ‎ ‎ ‎2. 副词的用法 ‎(1) 副词在句中可作状语,表语和定语。 ‎ He studies very hard. 他学习很努力。（作状语）‎ Life here is full of joy.这儿的生活充满着愉快。 （作定语）‎ ‎ When will you be back? 你什么时候回来？ （作表语）‎ ‎ 副词按其用途和含义可分为下面五类：‎ ‎1)时间副词 时间副词通常用来表示动作的时间。常见的时间副词有：now today, tomorrow, yesterday, before, late, early, never, seldom, sometimes, often, usually, always等。例如：‎ He often comes to school late.他经常上学迟到。‎ What are we going to do tomorrow? 我们明天干什么？‎ He ‘s never been to Beijing.他从来没有到过北京。‎ ‎2)地点副词 地点副词通常用来表示动作发生的地点。常见的地点副词有：here, there, inside, outside, home, upstairs, downstairs, anywhere, everywhere, nowhere, somewhere, down, up, off, on, in, out等。例如：‎ I met an old friend of mine on my way home.在回家的路上，我遇见了一位老朋友。‎ He went upstairs.他上楼了。‎ Put down your name here.写下你的名字。‎ ‎3)方式副词 方式副词一般都是回答“怎样的？”这类问题的，其中绝大部分都是由一个形容词加词尾-ly构成的, 有少数方式副词不带词尾-ly, 它们与形容词同形。常见的方式副词有：anxiously, badly, bravely, calmly, carefully, proudly, rapidly, suddenly, successfully, angrily, happily, slowly, warmly, well, fast, slow, quick, hard, alone, high, straight, wide等。例如：‎ The old man walked home slowly.这位老人慢慢地走回家。‎ Please listen to the teacher carefully.请仔细听老师讲的。‎ He runs very fast.他跑得很快。‎ ‎4)程度副词 程度副词多数用来修饰形容词和副词，有少数用来修饰动词或介词短语。常见的程度副词有：much, (a) little, a bit, very, so, too, enough, quite, rather, pretty, greatly, completely, nearly, almost, deeply, hardly, partly等。例如：‎ Her pronunciation is very good.他的发音很好。‎ She sings quite well.他唱得相当好。‎ I can hardly agree with you.我不能同意你的意见。‎ ‎5)疑问副词是用来引导特殊疑问句的副词。常见的疑问副词有：how, when, where, why等。例如：‎ How are you getting along with your studies? 你的学习进展得怎么样？‎ Where were you yesterday? 昨天你在哪里？‎ Why did you do that? 你为什么做那件事？‎ ‎(2)副词在句中的位置 ‎1)多数副词作状语时放在动词之后。如果动词带有宾语，则放在宾语之后。例如：‎ Mr Smith works very hard.史密斯先生工作和努力。‎ She speaks English well.他的英语讲得很好。‎ ‎2)频度副词作状语时，通常放在行为动词之前，情态动词，助动词和be动词之后。例如：‎ He usually gets up early.他通常起得早。‎ I’ve never heard him singing.我从未听过他唱歌。‎ She is seldom ill.她很少生病。‎ ‎3)程度副词一般放在所修饰的形容词和副词的前面, 但enough作副词用时，通常放在被修饰词的后面。例如：‎ It is a rather difficult job.这是一份相当难的工作。‎ He runs very fast.他跑得很快。‎ He didn’t work hard enough.他工作不够努力。‎ ‎4)副词作定语时，一般放在被修饰的名词之后。例如：‎ On my way home, I met my uncle.在回家的路上，我遇见了我的叔叔。‎ The students there have a lot time to do their own research work.这里的学生有许多时间做研究工作。‎ ‎(3)部分常用副词的用法 ‎1) very, much 这两个副词都可表示“很”，但用法不同。Very用来修饰形容词和副词的原级，而much用来修饰形容词和副词的比较级。例如：‎ She is a very nice girl她是一个很漂亮的姑娘。‎ I’m feeling much better now.现在我感觉很好。‎ Much可以修饰动词，而very则不能。例如：‎ I don’t like the idea much.我不太喜欢这个主意。‎ They did not talk much.他们很少交谈。‎ ‎2) too, either 这两个副词都表示“也”，但too用于肯定句，either用于否定句。例如：‎ She can dance, and I can dance, too.她会跳舞，我也会。‎ I haven’t read the book and my brother hasn’t either.我没有读这本书，我的弟弟也没有。‎ ‎3) already, yet already一般用于语肯定句，yet一般用于否定句。例如：‎ He has already left.他已经离开。‎ Have you heard from him yet?你还没有收到他的信吗？‎ He hasn’t answered yet.他仍然没有回答。‎ ‎4) so, neither so和neither都可用于倒装句， 但so表示肯定，neither表示否定。‎ 例如：‎ My brother likes football and so do I.我哥哥喜欢足球，我也喜欢。‎ My brother doesn’t like dancing and neither do I.我哥哥不喜欢跳舞，我也不喜欢。‎ ‎3. 形容词和副词的比较级和最高级 大多数形容词（性质形容词）和副词有比较级和最高级的变化，即原级、比较级和最高级，用来表示事物的等级差别。原级即形容词的原形，比较级和最高级有规则变化和不规则变化两种。‎ ‎1） 规则变化 ‎　 单音节词和少数双音节词，加词尾-er，-est来构成比较级和最高级。‎ 构成法 原级 比较级 最高级 一般单音节词未尾加-er,-est tall taller tallest 以不发音的e结尾的单音词和少数以- le结尾的双音节词只加-r,-st nice nicer nicest big bigger biggest 以一个辅音字母结尾的闭音节单音节词，双写结尾的辅音字母，再加-er,-est ‎"以辅音字母+y"结尾的双音节词，改y为i，再加-er，-est　　　‎ busy busier busiest 少数以-er,-ow结尾的双音节词未尾加-er,-est clever/narrow cleverer/ narrower cleverest/ narrowest 其他双音节词和多音节词，在前面加more，most来构成比较级和最高级 important/ easily more important/ more easily most important/ most easily ‎ ‎ ‎2） 不规则变化 原级 比较级 最高级 Good better best well（健康的）‎ worse worst Bad ill（有病的）‎ Old older/elder oldest/eldest much/many more most Little less least far ‎ farther/further farthest/furthest ‎3）主语+谓语(系动词)+as+形容词原形+as+从句。表示两者对比相同。‎ ‎(1）在否定句或疑问句中可用so… as。例如：‎ He cannot run so/as fast as you. 他没你跑得快。‎ Maths is as interesting as English.数学和英语一样有趣。‎ ‎(2）当as… as 中间有名词时采用以下格式：as +形容词+ a +单数名词/ as + many/much +名词。例如：‎ This is as good an example as the other is. 这个例子和另外一个一样好。‎ I can carry as much paper as you can. 你能搬多少纸，我也能。‎ ‎(3）用表示倍数的词或其他程度副词做修饰语时，放在as的前面。例如：‎ This room is twice as big as that one. 这房间的面积是那间的两倍。‎ Your room is the same size as mine.　你的房间和我的一样大。‎ ‎(4）倍数+ as + adj. + as　<=> 倍数+ the … + of。例如：‎ This bridge is three times as long as that one. 这座桥的长度是那座的三倍。‎ This bridge is three times the length of that one.‎ Your room is twice as large as mine. 你的房间是我的两倍大。‎ Your room is twice the size of mine.‎ ‎4）比较级形容词或副词 + than 。例如：‎ You are taller than I.‎ 你比我高。‎ They lights in your room are brighter than those in mine.你房间的那些灯比我房间里的亮。‎ 注意： ‎ ‎1）要避免重复使用比较级。‎ ‎（错） He is more cleverer than his brother.‎ ‎（对） He is more clever than his brother.‎ ‎（对） He is clever than his brother.‎ ‎2）要避免将主语含在比较对象中。‎ ‎（错） China is larger than any country in Asia.‎ ‎（对） China is larger than any other countries in Asia.‎ ‎3）要注意对应句型，遵循前后一致的原则。‎ The population of Shanghai is larger than that of Beijing.‎ It is easier to make a plan than to carry it out.‎ ‎4）要注意定冠词在比较级中的使用。‎ 比较：Which is larger, Canada or Australia?‎ ‎　　 Which is the larger country, Canada or Australia?‎ ‎　　 She is taller than her two sisters.‎ ‎　　 She is the taller of the two sisters.‎ ‎ (2) most 同形容词连用而不用 the,表示 "极,很,非常, 十分"。 ‎ ‎　　 It's most dangerous to be here. 在这儿太危险。 ‎ ‎　(4) " 形容词比较级 + and + 形容词比较级 ", 表示 " 越来越... "。 ‎ ‎　　 It's getting hotter and hotter. 天气越来越热。‎ ‎ 第四节、最高级表达形式及用法 I、基本用法 ‎1、三个或三个以上的人或事物相比，其中一个人或事物在某方面比其他都好，这就要使用形容词与副词的最高级。其结构为：the+形容词/副词（最高级）+其他+of（in，among）+（比较范围）例如：‎ This is the happiest day in my life.这是我一生中最快乐的一天。‎ This is one of the best novels that I have ever read.这是我所看过的小说中最好的一本。‎ The Yellow River is the second longest river in China.黄河是中国第二长的河流。‎ ‎2、最高级的副词和形容词的比较应该有一个范围，这个范围通常由介词of，in，among+名（代）词构成的介词短语来表示。‎ Miss Zhao is one of the most popular teachers in the school.赵小姐是学校里最受欢迎的教师之一。‎ Of all the students, Wangbing reads (the) most correctly.在所有的这些学生当中王冰读得最准确。‎ They all came early but she came (the) earliest of all.他们都来得很早，但她来得最早。‎ II、比较级表示最高级的几个句型：‎ 在中学英语里，最高级表示的最常见形式是“主语+谓语+the most.......(est) + 比较范围。”除此之外，常见的表达最高级含义的比较级结构还有：‎ ‎1)主语 + 谓语 + 比较级 + than the others This one is much larger than the others.这一个比其它大的多得多。‎ He is taller than the others in his class.他比班上其他人都高。‎ ‎2）主语 + 谓语 + 比较级 + than anyone (anybody, anything)else He is stronger than anyone else in his class.他比班上的任何人都强壮。‎ His handwriting is much better than anyone else's.他的书法比其他人都好 ‎3) 主语+谓语+比较级 + than any other +单数名词 I think Chinese is more popular than any other subject.我想汉语比任何的课程更受欢迎。‎ Tom is taller than any other student in our class.汤姆在我们班比其他任何一个学生都高。‎ India produces more films than any other country in the world.印度是世界上拍摄电影最多的国家。‎ ‎【语法过关】‎ ‎1.-How are you getting on with your work? ‎ ‎-I can't do it ______ any longer; I'll have to get help. ‎ A. singly B. quietly C. alone D. hard ‎ ‎2-What do you think of his surfing? ‎ ‎ -Oh, no one does ______. ‎ A. good B. well C. better D. best ‎ ‎3.-How far is it from your home to your school? ‎ ‎-It's a quarter's walk, ______. ‎ A. here and there B. now and then C. up and down D. more or less ‎ ‎4.He walked______ fast for us______ catch up with. ‎ A. so; that B. such; that C enough; to D. too; to ‎ ‎5.In our city, it's______ in July. but it is even _______ in August. ‎ A. hotter ; hottest B. hot ; hot C. hotter, hot D. hot; hotter ‎ ‎6.It is ______ to work out this problem. You needn't go to the teacher. ‎ A. enough easy B. easily enough C. easy enough D. very easily ‎7.-My CD is seven yuan .What about yours? ‎ ‎-Only five yuan. It's_______ than yours. ‎ A. less B. cheaper C. lower D. smaller ‎ ‎8.The food not only looks nice but also smells_____. ‎ A. good B. well C. lovely D. delicious ‎ ‎9.---Why don't you ask Tom to do it? ‎ ‎---I don't know whether he is_______ to. He sometimes makes things worse. ‎ A. possible B. able C. afraid D. easy ‎ ‎10.--- How many members are there on the team? ‎ ‎--- Eight this term. But there will be ten_______ next term. I' m not quite sure. ‎ A. at all B. at last C. at least D. at once ‎ ‎11.-Is this physics problem______? ‎ ‎-Yes. I can work it out______. ‎ easy, easily B. easy, easy C. easily, easy D. easily, easily ‎ ‎12.Remember this, children. ______careful you are, ______ mistakes you will make. ‎ We know, Miss Gao. ‎ A. The more, the more B. The fewer, the more C. The more, the fewer D. The less, the less ‎ ‎13. Everything is _______ at night markets . You don't need a lot of money to have a good time. ‎ A. cheap B. bad C. tired D. dear ‎ ‎14.It is _________ today than yesterday . Shall we go swimming this afternoon ? ‎ the hottest B. hot C. hottest D. hotter ‎ ‎15. Some studies have shown that students who eat good breakfast stay _______ and do______ than those who don't. ‎ thin; well B. thinner ; better C. the thinnest; the best D. thinnest; best ‎16.. -The ticket said that the famous singer would come here this evening. ‎ ‎- Yes. It's really ___________that he didn't. ‎ wrong B. sorry C. strange D. surprised ‎ ‎17. The boss didn't like James because he was not _________learning new things. ‎ A. afraid of B. worried about C. tired of D. good at ‎ ‎18.---Li Lei did very well in the English exam. ‎ ‎---Oh , yeah ! He is ___________ English. ‎ A. weak in B. angry with C. good at D. afraid of ‎ ‎19. This second-hand camera is much ________ than that new one. ‎ cheap B. cheaper C. dear D. dearest ‎20. The population of Shanghai is ________ than of Shijiazhuang. ‎ A. smaller B. larger C. less D. large ‎【参考答案】‎ ‎1.C 根据“have to get help” 选 “alone” 表示“不再独立做” ，合乎语意。 ‎ ‎2.C 把他同别的所有人比较，仍是“二者” 的比较，所以要用比较级。‎ ‎3.D 和距离有关的短语是“more or less（或多或少）” ，其他几个“here and there（各处）” ，“now and then（时而，不时）”，“up and down（上上下下，来回）” 都与句意无关。‎ ‎4.D too---to结构用于表示“太------而不能------” 。‎ ‎5.D 对事物做个体描述用原级，二者比较用比较级（even 常同比较级连用）‎ ‎6.C 本题用enough不恰当，直接用very easily比较和情理。‎ ‎7.B 依句意应用“cheaper” 。 ‎ ‎8.A smells是联系动词，应与 good搭配。 ‎ ‎9.B be able to 表示“能够” "。 ‎ ‎10.C at least（至少）与句意相符。‎ ‎11.A 形容词多用作定语或表语，副词用于修饰形容词、副词或动词。‎ ‎12.C the more---, the more---用于表示“越------越------” ，more需要根据句意选用相应的比较级形容词。‎ ‎13.A don't need a lot of money表明夜市的东西cheap；‎ ‎14.D than 是比较级的标志。‎ ‎15. B 这里是两类人的比较。 ‎ ‎16. C 只有strange与句意吻合。‎ ‎17. D be good at 意思是“擅长，在某方面做得好” ，与句意相符。‎ ‎18. C be good at 用于表示“擅长---；在---方面学（用）得好” 。‎ ‎19. B than前的形容词用比较级形式；much用于修饰比较级。‎ ‎20. B than 是比较级标志，人口多一般用large.‎