中考英语阅读理解篇资料 63页

中考英语阅读理解·她用爱创造奇迹 ‎ ‎ An eight-year-old child heard her parents talking about her little brother. All she knew was that he was very sick and they had no money. Only a very expensive operation could save him now and there was no one to lend them the money.‎ When she heard her daddy say to her tearful mother, “Only a miracle can save him now,” the little girl went to her bedroom and pulled her money from its hiding place and counted it carefully.‎ She hurried to a drugstore (药店) with the money in her hand.‎ ‎“And what do you want?” asked the salesman. “It’s for my little brother,” the girl answered. “He’s really, really sick and I want to buy a miracle.” “Pardon?” said the salesman.‎ ‎“My brother Andrew has something bad growing inside his head and my daddy says only a miracle can save him. So how much does a miracle cost?” “We don’t sell a miracle here, child. I’m sorry,” the salesman said with a smile.‎ ‎“Listen, if it isn’t enough, I can try and get some more. Just tell me how much it costs.”‎ A well-dressed man heard it and asked, “What kind of a miracle does your brother need?”‎ ‎“I don’t know,” she answered with her eyes full of tears. “He’s really sick and mum says he needs an operation. But my daddy can’t pay for it, so I have brought all my money.”‎ ‎“How much do you have?” asked the man. “$ 1.11, but I can try and get some more,” she answered.‎ ‎“Well, what luck,” smiled the man. “$ 1.11, the price of a miracle for little brothers.”‎ He took up the girl’s hand and said, “Take me to where you live. I want to see your brother and meet your parents. Let’s see if I have the kind of miracle you need.”‎ That well-dressed man was Dr Carlton Armstrong, a famous doctor. The operation was successful and it wasn’t long before Andrew was home again.‎ How much did the miracle cost? (from www.zkenglish.com)‎ 根据以上短文内容，然后从每题所给的四个选项中选择最佳选项。‎ ‎1. What was the trouble in the little girl’s family?‎ A. Her brother was seriously ill.‎ B. They had no money.‎ C. Nothing could save her brother. ‎ D. Both A and B.‎ ‎2. In the eye of the little girl, a miracle might be _______.‎ A. something interesting ‎ B. something beautiful C. some wonderful medicine ‎ D. some good food ‎3. The little girl said again and again “...I can try and get some more.” That shows _______.‎ A. she had still kept some money ‎ B. she hoped not to be refused C. There was no need to worry about money ‎ D. she thought money was easy to get ‎4. What made the miracle happen?‎ A. The girl’s love for her brother. ‎ B. The girl’s money.‎ C. The medicine from the drugstore. ‎ D. Nobody can tell.‎ ‎5. From the passage we can infer (推断) that _______.‎ A. The doctor didn’t ask for any pay B. A miracle is sure to happen if you keep on C. The little girl is lovely but not so clever D. Andrew was in fact not so sick as they had thought ‎【答案及解析】‎ ‎1. 选 D。根据第1段中的All she knew was that he was very sick and they had no money可知答案。‎ ‎2. 选 C。由于这个小女孩的家很穷，而她的兄弟又病得那样重，所以她的父亲说Only a miracle can save him now，小女孩听了之后便翻出她所有的“积蓄”去药店购买miracle，由此可见，小女孩可能认为miracle是一种什么很神奇的药。注：miracle的实际意思是“奇迹”，Only a miracle can save him now的意思是“只有出现奇迹才可能救得了他” (from www.zkenglish.com)。‎ ‎3. 选 D。The urchin 要Paul把车停在他家门前后，立即扶着他残疾的弟弟出来，让他看看Paul的车，然后告诉弟弟他想为他做的事，所以他只是想告诉他弟弟他的愿望。‎ ‎4. 选 C。The urchin在坐过Paul的车后没有忘记弟弟，并且承诺也要给弟弟买一辆车，可见他对弟弟有着一份深深的爱。答案选C，而A、B、D三项与文章不符。‎ ‎5. 选 C。通读全文，我们不得不为The urchin 的行为所感动，他是一个好哥哥。文章就是讲述了他这样的一位好哥哥，C选项最合适。‎ ‎ ‎ 中考阅读理解(友谊地久天长)‎ ‎ ‎ 这是一首经典歌曲，已经被几代人传唱，每当有人唱起这首歌时，依然会让人热泪盈眶。因为这首歌中表达的是一种永恒的情，是每个人都渴望得到的，这就是友谊。‎ ‎ ‎ This is a song millions of Americans will hear this New Year’s Eve. It is called Auld Lang Syne (《友谊地久天长》). It is the traditional music played during the New Year’s celebration. Auld Lang Syne is an old Scottish poem. It tells about the need to remember old friends.‎ The words “auld lang syne” mean “old long since”. No one knows who wrote the poem first. However, a version by Scottish poet Robert Bums was published (出版) in 1796. The words and music we know today first appeared in a songbook three years later.‎ The song is played in the United States mainly on New Year’s Eve. The version (译文) you are hearing today is by the Washington Saxophone Quartet. As we end our program with Auld Lang Syne. I would like to wish all of our radio friends a very Happy New Year! This is Buddy Thomas. (from www.zkenglish.com)‎ 根据以上短文内容，然后从每题所给的四个选项中选择最佳选项。‎ ‎1. Where is this passage from?‎ A. A newspaper. B. A magazine.‎ C. A TV program. D. A radio program.‎ ‎2. Who is introducing Auld Lang Syne to us?‎ A. Robert Bums. B. The Washington Saxophone Quartet.‎ C. Buddy Thomas. D. The passage doesn’t tell us.‎ ‎3. When is Auld Lang Syne mainly played in the USA according to the passage?‎ A. On New Year’s Eve. B. On Christmas Eve.‎ C. On weekends. D. On holidays.‎ ‎4. When did the words and music of Auld Lang Syne we know today first appear?‎ A. In 1790. B. In 1793.‎ C. In 1796. D. In 1799.‎ ‎5. What’s Auld Lang Syne about?‎ A. It’s about the history of Scotland.‎ B. It’s about an old Scottish poet.‎ C. It’s about the need to remember old friends.‎ D. It’s about the wishes to the radio friends.‎ ‎【答案及解析】‎ ‎1. 选D。从最后句子As we end our program with Auld Lang Syne. I would like to wish all of our radio friends a very Happy New Year! This is Buddy Thomas.我们可以知道，这是播音员在结束节目时才会说的话，所以可以推断出这篇短文来自A radio program(一个广播节目)。答案为D。‎ ‎2. 选C。最后一句话告诉我们播音员是Buddy Thomas，所以答案是C。‎ ‎3. 选A。短文的第1句This is a song millions of Americans will hear this New Year’s Eve.就告诉了我们，这首歌是在New Year’s Eve听的，所以答案选择A。‎ ‎4. 选D。从第2段可以知道这首歌的前身是a poem(一首诗)，在1796年出版，而The words and music we know today first appeared in a songbook three years later. 3年以后歌曲才出现，所以应该是在1799年。因此答案是D(from www.zkenglish.com)。‎ ‎5. 选C。在第1段播音员就告诉我们：It tells about the need to remember old friends. 所以答案是C。‎ ‎ ‎ 回答问题式阅读理解 ‎ ‎ ‎ Have you ever heard of a girl of 15, who set up a company of her own? Wendy Wong is the girl. She started the business two years ago. She has already written several successful computer games. They are so popular that over half a million games are sold every year. Now all of her family work in her business, and she is still at school.‎ She gets up early in the morning, and then she talks with her family about the business over breakfast. Every day she goes to school in her own car with a driver, for she is not old enough.‎ She enjoys her school, but some of the work is too easy for her to feel interested. She usually gets ‘A’ grades in all her subjects, so the other students often ask her for help. ‎ She finished her homework in half an hour after her driver takes her home. After dinner, she goes to her office and goes on working on her computer, writing games until 2 am. She does not usually need so much sleep as other children.‎ 根据短文内容，回答问题。‎ ‎1. When did Wendy Wong start the business?‎ ‎________________________________________________ ‎ ‎2. What has Wendy Wong already written successful?‎ ‎________________________________________________‎ ‎3. How does Wendy Wong go to school every day?‎ ‎________________________________________________‎ ‎4. How about her grades in all her subjects?‎ ‎________________________________________________‎ ‎5. How long can she finish her homework?‎ ‎________________________________________________‎ ‎【答案及解析】‎ ‎1. At the age of thirteen。所问的问题是“Wendy Wong什么时候开始做生意?” 根据Have you ever heard of a girl of 15, who set up a company of her own? Wendy Wong is the girl. She started the business two years ago(你曾经听说过一个15岁办了属于自己的公司的女孩吗? Wendy Wong就是这个办公司的女孩，她两年以前就开始做生意 )就能作出上述回答。‎ ‎2. Computer games。所问的问题是“她成功地写出了什么?”根据 She has already written several successful computer games(她已经成功地写出了几部游戏程序)就能作出上述回答。‎ ‎3. In her own car with a driver。所问的问题是“Wendy Wong每天怎样去上学?”根据Every day she goes to school in her own car with a driver, for she is not old enough(每天司机开着她自己的车送她去上学, 这是因为她年龄还小)就能作出上述回答。‎ ‎4. She usually gets A grades。所问的问题是“Wendy Wong的学习怎么样?”根据She usually gets ‘A’ grades in all her subjects, so the other students often ask her for help. (在所有功课中，她通常都得优秀，因此，她的同学常常问她功课方面的问题)就能作出上述回答。‎ ‎5. In half an hour。所问的问题是“她多长时间能做完作业?”根据She finished her homework in half an hour after her driver takes her home(在她的司机送她回家之后的半个小时内完成作业)就能作出上述回答。‎ 做阅读理解的五点注意 ‎ ‎ 一、五点注意 注意一：试题各小题所提供的四个备选项，有的是语法、结构上有错误，有的是与短文意思不相符。解题时要把有结构、语法错误的先排除，再考虑是否符合短文内容。‎ 注意二：对短文中的生词或看不懂的句子，应大胆根据构词法及上、下文意思进行猜测，尤其对涉及文中某个词或某个句子含义的选择试题，要根据文章所阐述的主要内容及上、下文内在逻辑关系，大胆分析推断，去伪存真选出正确答案。‎ 注意三：对于涉及文章主旨、大意、作者意图及短文标题等选择试题，虽然短文中没有直接说明，可统观全文，通过短文所提供的材料或联想短文材料以外的常识，如结合已学过的自然、社会科学知识加以综合理解、分析推测或按作者的思路进行推理，从而且推断出正确答案。‎ 注意四：做选择试题时一般先做在文中能直接找到依据的细节题，后做主旨题、推理题。这样在对语篇有更多领悟的基础上再进行推理判断和概括总结，把握性就更大。‎ 注意五：阅读的顺序一般是先读短文，再看题目，然后逐题作答。若文章较长，也可以先将测试题目通览一遍，然后带着问题阅读文章。这样对与答题有关的段落、句子反应敏感，而对其他与答题无关的部分可以不必花费太多时间，阅读速度就可加快些。 ‎ ‎ ‎ 二、实例分析（共五篇，答案均有解析）‎ ‎(A)‎ Henry was an office worker in a big city. He worked very hard and enjoyed traveling in his holidays. ‎ He usually went to the seaside, but one year he saw an advertisement in a newspaper. “Enjoy country life. Spend a few weeks at West Hill Farm. Good food. Fresh air. Horse riding. Walking. Fishing. Cheap and interesting.”‎ ‎“This sounds a good idea,” he thought. “I’ll spend a month at West Hill Farm. I think I can enjoy horse riding, walking and fishing. They’ll make a change from sitting by the seaside and swimming.”‎ He wrote to the farmer. In the letter he said that he would like to spend all of July there. Then on the first of July, he left for West Hill Farm. ‎ But four days later, he returned home. ‎ ‎“What was wrong with West Hill Farm?” his best friend, Ed, asked him. “Didn’t you enjoy country life?”‎ ‎“Country life was very good,” Henry said. “But there was another problem.”‎ ‎“Oh. What?”‎ ‎“Well,” he said, “the first day I was there a sheep died, and we had roast mutton for dinner.”‎ ‎“What’s wrong with that?” Ed asked. “Fresh meat is the best.”‎ ‎“I know, but on the second day a cow died, and we had roast beef for dinner.”‎ ‎“Lucky you!”‎ ‎“You don’t understand,” Henry said. “on the third day a pig died and we had roast pork for dinner.”‎ ‎“A different meat every day,” Ed said loudly, “and you are complaining!”‎ ‎“Let me finish,” Henry said. “on the fourth day the farmer died, and I didn’t dare (敢)stay for dinner!”‎ ‎1. How did Henry find out about the farm?‎ A. He saw it in a newspaper advertisement. ‎ B. His best friend told him. ‎ C. He wrote to the farmer. ‎ D. Maybe he learned it from the radio. ‎ ‎2. Henry came back home several days later because ______________. ‎ A. he didn’t like the country life at all B. the farmer wasn’t friendly to him C. his holiday was over ‎ D. he thought he might have to eat the farmer ‎3. “…and you are complaining!”, the word “complain” means __________. ‎ A. 夸奖 B. 说三道四 C. 抱怨 D. 故弄玄虚 ‎4. Which of the following sentences is true?‎ A. Ed could eat a different kind of meat every day. ‎ B. Henry thought he could enjoy a change. ‎ C. Henry couldn’t think of anything else to do, so he went to the farm. ‎ D. The farmer died because of the bad meat he ate. ‎ ‎5. Which is the best title for the passage?‎ A. What a beautiful farm! B. Have a good time. ‎ C. A short holiday D. Henry and the farmer. ‎ ‎(B)‎ Paragraph 1‎ Scientists have learned a lot about the kinds of people need. They say that there are several kinds of food that people should eat every day, they are: (1) green and yellow vegetables of all kinds; (2) citrus (柑桔) fruits and tomatoes; (3) potatoes and other fruits and vegetables; 94) meat of all kinds, fish and eggs; (5) milk and foods made from milk; (6) bread or cereal (谷类), rice is also in this kind of food; (7) butter, or something like butter. ‎ Paragraph 2‎ People in different countries and different places of the world eat different kinds of things. Foods are cooked and eaten in many different kinds of ways. People in different countries eat at different times of the day. In some places people eat once or twice a day; in other countries people eat three or four times a day. Scientists say that none of the differences is really important. It doesn’t matter whether foods are eaten raw or cooked, canned (罐装的) or frozen (冷冻的). It doesn’t matter if a person eats dinner at 4 o’clock in the afternoon or at eleven o’clock at night. The important thing is what you eat every day. ‎ Paragraph 3‎ There are two problems, then, in feeding the large number of people on the earth. The first is to find some way to feed the world’s population so that no one is hungry. The second is to make sure that people everywhere have the right kinds of food to make them grow to be strong and healthy. ‎ ‎6. According to(依据)the scientists，which of the following groups of food is the healthiest for your lunch？‎ A. Chicken, apples, cereal and cabbages. ‎ B. Potatoes, carrots, rice and bread. ‎ C. Oranges, bananas, fish and tomatoes. ‎ D. Beef, pork, fish and milk,‎ ‎7. It is important for people to eat ______. ‎ A. three times a day ‎ B. dinner at twelve o’clock ‎ C. cooked food all the time ‎ D. something from each of the seven kinds of food every day ‎ ‎8. People in different countries and different places of the world ________. ‎ A. have the right kinds of food to eat B. cook their food in the same way ‎ C. have their meals at the same time D. eat food in different ways ‎ ‎9. Which of the following is not true？‎ A. People in some places don’t have enough to eat. ‎ B. There are too many people in the world. ‎ C. One of the problems is that no one is hungry. ‎ D. The scientists are trying to make people grow to be strong and healthy. ‎ ‎10. If there is Paragraph (段落) 4, what do you think is going to be talked about？‎ A. When people eat their lunch. ‎ B. What to do with the two problems. ‎ C. How to cook food in different ways. ‎ D. Why people eat different kinds of food. ‎ ‎(C)‎ People often say, “Children can’t do math problem, it’s because parents can’t do their children’s homework.” Here’s an example to show what I mean. ‎ The other day my daughter brought home her math homework. “I have to subtract (减) 179 from 202,” she said. ‎ ‎“It’s quite easy,” I said. “You put the 202 over the 179.”‎ ‎“But we need a 10 here. Where is the 10?”‎ ‎“I don’t know where the 10 is. Let’s just subtract 179 from 202. Nine from two is three. You carry one and add it to seven. Eight from zero is two. The answer is 23.”‎ ‎“We can’t do it that way. We have to use the 10.”‎ ‎“Well, I’m going to call your teacher to see how she subtracts 179 from 202.”‎ Over the telephone, I said that I was having a bit of trouble with the homework she had given to my daughter. The teacher said, “In the right-hand column (栏) we have units of one. The two in that column counts for two ones. The zero in the center counts for zero tens. The two in the left-hand column counts for hundreds. Are you clear?” But I didn’t think I was clear. ‎ I hung up and found my way to the medicine box. My head was now hurting. I started putting pills of medicine into my mouth. “How many did you take?” my wife asked. “I took one and then I took another…I know one and one was two, but don’t ask me what it is now.”‎ ‎11. The daughter wanted ______ the other day. ‎ A. to give her father a lesson ‎ B. to show how difficult math was ‎ C. her father to phone her teacher ‎ D. her father to help her with her homework ‎ ‎12. Which of the following sentences is not true?‎ A. The father had a different way to do the math problem. ‎ B. The father couldn’t do his daughter’s homework. ‎ C. The daughter couldn’t understand her father’s way. ‎ D. The daughter had some trouble doing the math problem. ‎ ‎13. From what the teacher said, we know that the word “units” means ______ here. ‎ A. whole numbers less than 10 B. whole things ‎ C. groups of lessons D. the smallest numbers ‎14. What the teacher said made the father _________. ‎ A. angry B. worried C. sad D. tired ‎15. Can you guess what would happen next in the story?‎ A. The father would go to school and begin to learn math. ‎ B. The father would become very ill and have to take more medicine. ‎ C. The father would never do his daughter’s math problems again. ‎ D. The father would go to the school and fight with the teacher. ‎ ‎【答案及解析】‎ ‎(A) 假日里，亨利喜欢到海边去旅游。有一次，他想去西山农场享受一下田园风光，并计划在那儿度过一个月的时间。可是令人惊奇的是，才去四天之后他就回来了。当朋友问起其中的缘由时，亨利说道：第一天，农场里死了一只羊，晚餐时美美地吃了一顿烤羊肉；第二天农场死了一头牛，又吃了一顿烧牛肉；第三天农场死了一头猪，结果又吃了一顿烤猪肉。可是，到了第四天，农场主死了，我不敢再留下来吃饭了。‎ ‎1. A。第二段的首句“...but one year he saw an advertisement in a newspaper.”即是答案的出处。‎ ‎2. D。本题考查根据语境进行分析判断的能力。由上下文，显然可知这是报纸上的一则广告信息。‎ ‎3. C。本题考查通过上下文对词汇的推测能力。根据亨利的叙述可得出此答案。‎ ‎4. B。这由“A different meat every day, and you are complaining!”一句可知。‎ ‎5. C。本来打算要在乡村农场过一个暑假，结果四天之后就回来了。这能不是个短暂的假期吗？用此作标题既切合题意，又具有幽默的味道。‎ ‎(B) 这篇短文分为三个落：第一段列举了科学家研究了人们每天要吃的食物；第二段讲述了不同国家的人们饮食习惯和饮食结构等各方面有很大差异。但这些对人来说都没不是很重要的，重要的是每天吃什么。第三段阐述了两个问题：如何解决世界人口的吃饭问题，既要吃饱，又要吃得健康。‎ ‎6. A。本题属表层理解题。由第一段科学家建议七大类食品可知答案非A莫属。‎ ‎7. D。由“The important thing is what you eat every day.”及第一段的内容可知D是正确答案。而根据第二段可知A、B、C皆为错误的。‎ ‎8. D。第二段开头的“People in different countries and different places of the world eat different kinds of things. Foods are cooked and eaten in many different kinds of ways.”这两句是解答本题的关键。‎ ‎9. C。根据第三段所讲的内容，C项显然是错误的。‎ ‎10. B。A、C和D都是在上文刚刚谈论过的，又根据第三段“There are two problems, then, in feeding the large number of people on the earth.”所提的两个问题，可以推知下文可能要谈论如何解决这两个问题。故答案为B。‎ ‎(C) 作者向我们讲述了很多人都可能遇到的一个问题：父母往往回答不上来小孩子问的一些非常简单的数学问题。文中作者的女儿向他询问怎样计算202减去179这道题。结果，他的女儿不但弄不懂他的解释，而且他还无法解释清楚女儿提出的问题。他只好向女儿的老师求助，而自己被老师的解释搞得天昏脑胀……‎ ‎11. D。细读第二段，再联系父女俩的谈话即可得出答案。‎ ‎12. B。根据“but I didn’t think I was clear.”以及“I took one and then I took another…I know one and one was two, but don’t ask me what it is now.”可知B项是错误的。‎ ‎13. A。根据短文内容，那位老师所说的“”她的意思是说“个位上的数字是几就表示几个一”，当然应是小于1的数。‎ ‎14. D。由“My head was now hurting.”这句话，可知“父亲”听了老师的解释后没有生气、焦虑或悲伤，而是头昏脑胀，疲惫之至。‎ ‎15. C。选项A是不现实的，而选项C、D更是荒诞离奇。体会一下文末一段“父亲”的举动，就可以想起他是一种什么样的心情。‎ 短文改写填空型阅读理解实例分析 ‎ ‎ 一、实例训练 Robert is fifteen now. Two and a half years ago he came to the city and began to study in a middle school. He studies hard and gets on well with his classmates. And he often helps his friends with their lessons. But as he comes from a village, the headmaster who was born in a rich family is bad to him and does his best to make excuses to punish him. The boy knows it and takes precautions against(提防) it. ‎ One afternoon all the students went to have lunch and he bought a piece of bread. He was reading a book under a big tree, while a dog was standing near him. At that moment the headmaster came out and saw it. He became angry and said, “Don’t you know we don’t let anybody rear (饲养) dogs in the school?”‎ ‎“Yes, I do, sir. ”said the boy. ‎ ‎“Why have you brought your dog to school, then?”‎ ‎“It isn’t my dog. ”‎ ‎“Why is it following you, then?”‎ ‎“You’re following me now, sir. ” said the boy, “Can you say you are mine?”‎ 请根据以上短文在改写后短文的空白处填入适当的词，使其完整。‎ Robert is fifteen. He is in Grade _______(1) now. He studies hard and his classmates are _______(2) to him. And he often helps his friends to _______(3) their lessons. But as he was _______(4) in a farmer family, the headmaster from a _______(5) family is bad to him and does_______(6) he can to punish him. ‎ One day in the _______(7), all the students went _______(8) lunch and he bought a piece of bread, reading a book under a tree. At the moment a dog was standing near him. _______(9) the headmaster saw this, he wanted to_______(10) him. But he failed that day again. ‎ 二、答题分析 第一步：快读全文，掌握大意。通读原文我们知道。文章讲叙了Robert 和校长的一些情况，Robert ‎ 是一个初中学生，他出生于贫困之家，但学习努力与同学相处融洽。校长出生于富贵家庭对Robert很不友好，总是想尽办法惩罚他, Robert时刻小心提防他。一天下午校长又想趁机惩罚他，但未能得逞。‎ 第二步：细读改写，寻找异同。如原文中说Two and half years ago he came to the city and began to study in a middle school. 而改写中却是He is in Grade_______(1) now. 由原文中的Two and half years ago 可知第(1)空要填Three. 原文中说He studies hard and gets on well with his classmates, 而改写中却是He studies hard and his classmates are _______(2) to him. 由于“他与同学相处融洽”那么“他的同学一定是对他很友好了”。因此第二空填kind或friendly。第3空是一个典型的同义句改写，即help sb. with sth. 与help sb. to do sth. 的转换。‎ 第三步：字斟句酌，各个击破。比如第4, 5, 7空与原文几乎没多大差别可先填好(4) born, (5) rich, (7) afternoon。对于与原文有较大差异的空，则需要字斟句酌，细仔推敲了。我们要在对比改写文中的句子与原文句子差别的前提下，推测改写文中的句子所要表达的意思，然后根据我们所学的知识推出所要填写的单词。如：‎ 原文中的and does his best to make excuses to punish him 正是改写文中and does _______(6) he can to punish him 要表达的意思。这里does后面是一个宾语从句，而从句缺少引导词，因此填入what正合适。这一空较难因为can后面省去了动词原形do。这句话意为“并且做他所能做的事情来惩罚他”。‎ 而原文中的…all the students went to have lunch 与改写文中的all the students went _______(8) lunch. went to have lunch 与went for lunch 同义。故第8空填for。‎ 改写中的_______(9) the headmaster saw this, he wanted to _______(10) him. But he failed that day again. 是对原文第二段后面部分的概括，通过比较我们知道改写中要表达的意思是“当校长看见那种情况时，他想惩罚他，但那一天他又失败了”。因此第9空填，when第10空填punish。　‎ 第四步：复读改写，纠正失误。如：第1空应大写首字母，很多考生可能会忽略这一点。‎ 精选中考英语阅读理解训练 ‎ ‎ ‎ ‎(A)‎ Now satellites are helping to forecast(预报) the weather. They are in space, and they can reach any part of the world. The satellites take pictures of the atmosphere (大气), because this is where the weather forms (形成). They send these pictures to the weather stations. So meteorologists(气象学家) can see the weather of any part of the world. From the pictures, the scientists can often say how the weather will change. ‎ Today, nearly five hundred weather stations in sixty countries receive satellite pictures. When they receive new pictures, the meteorologists compare them with earlier ones. Perhaps they may find that the clouds have changed during the last few hours. This may mean that the weather on the ground may soon change, too. In their next weather forecast, the meteorologists can say this. ‎ So the weather satellites are a great help to the meteorologists. Before satellites were invented, the scientists could forecast the weather for about 24or 48 hours. Now they can make good forecasts for three or five days. Soon, perhaps, they may be able to forecast the weather for a week or more ahead (提前). ‎ ‎1. Satellites travel __________. ‎ A. in space B. above space C. above the ground D. in the atmosphere ‎ ‎2. Why do we use the weather satellites to take pictures of the atmosphere？Because _______. ‎ A. clouds form there B. the weather forms there ‎ C. the weather satellites can do it easily D. the pictures can forecast the weather ‎ ‎3. Meteorologists forecast the weather _______. ‎ A. without studying satellite pictures ‎ B. before they receive satellite pictures ‎ C. when they have received satellite pictures ‎ D. after they have compared the new satellite pictures with the earlier ones ‎ ‎4. Maybe we’ll soon be able to forecast the weather for _________. ‎ A. one day B. two days ‎ C. five days D. seven days or even longer ‎ ‎5. The main idea of this passage is that satellites are now used in __________. ‎ A. taking pictures of the earth B. receiving pictures of the atmosphere ‎ C. weather forecasting D. doing other work in many ways ‎ ‎(B)‎ There was once a man called Mr. Flowers, and flowers were his only joy in life. He spent all his free time in one of his four glass-houses and grew flowers of every color, with long and difficult names, for competitions (比赛). He tried to grow a rose of a new color to win the silver cup (银杯) for the Rose of the Year. ‎ Mr. Flowers’ glass-houses were very near to a middle school. Boys of around thirteen of age were often tempted (引诱) to throw a stone or two at one of Mr. Flowers’ glass-houses. So Mr. Flowers did his best to be in or near his glass-houses at the beginning and end of the school day. ‎ But it was not always possible to be on watch at those times. Mr. Flowers had tried in many ways to protect his glass, but nothing that he had done had been useful. He had been to school to report to the headmaster; but this had not done any good. He had tried to drive away the boys that threw stones into his garden; but the boys could run faster than he could, and they laughed at him from far away. He had even picked up all the stones that he could find around his garden, so that the boys would have nothing to throw; but they soon found others. ‎ At last Mr. Flowers had a good idea. He put up a large notice (布告) made of good, strong wood, some meters away from the glass-houses. On it he had written the words: DO NOT THROW STONES AT THIS NOTICE. After this, Mr. Flowers had no further trouble; the boys were much more tempted to throw stones at the notice than at the glass-houses. ‎ ‎6. It was Mr. Flowers’ hope to ________. ‎ A. build glass-houses in his free time B. grow the Rose of the Year in a silver cup C. win a silver cup for growing a rose of a new color D. grow a rose with the longest name ‎7. Boys were often tempted to ________. ‎ A. throw stones at Mr. Flowers’ glass-house B. throw stones at Mr. Flowers from their school C. be in or near by Mr. Flowers’ glass-houses D. play with Mr. Flowers near his glass-houses ‎8. Mr. Flowers stayed in or near by his glass-houses _______. ‎ A. at times when school-boys were walking near them B. all the school day when there were no boys about C. where he could not be seen by the boys passing D. in his free time at the beginning and end of the school day ‎9. Mr. Flowers had tried to ______ to protect his glass. ‎ A. be on watch in his free time B. ask the headmaster for help C. pick up all the stones around his garden D. do all the above ‎10. Mr. Flowers’ good idea was to ______. ‎ A. write some words on the glass B. put up a large notice to cover his glass-houses C. give the boys something else to throw stones at D. send for policemen ‎(C)‎ Come to Austria!‎ Soll is a village in the mountains in western Austria, and the Hotel Post, opened by a local (当地的) family, is clean and not expensive. From the hotel you can see the whole village, the forest and the mountains. Temperatures in summer are usually ‎20℃‎ to ‎25℃‎ in the daytime, but much cooler by evening. ‎ Enjoy Thailand!‎ When you visit Bangkok in Thailand, don’t miss the early morning river boat trip to the Floating (漂浮的) Market just outside the city. There you will find many kinds of fruits and vegetables. There you can pay for them when you sit in your boat. Don’t forget your hat: the sun can be strong and it may be as hot as ‎40℃‎ about midday!‎ Visit Hawaii!‎ Maybe the most beautiful place in Hawaii is Kauai. You can visit its long, sandy beaches in the south and west of the island, and mountains and forests in the north, but be careful: there are many mosquitoes (蚊子), and don’t be surprised if it rains in the center of the island. Daytime temperatures there are usually around ‎24℃‎ to ‎26℃‎ by the sea, and only a little cooler by late evening. ‎ 根据上面的三则广告，在下面句子的空白处填入适当的词。‎ ‎11. If you stay at the Hotel Post, you have a view (风景) of______. ‎ ‎12. At the Floating Market you can buy things in ______. ‎ ‎13. Because the sun is strong in Bangkok, you should bring______. ‎ ‎14. In the north of Kauai‎ ‎Island there are______. ‎ ‎15. The warmest place of the three is______. ‎ ‎【答案及解析】‎ ‎(A) 这篇阅读材料向我们介绍了气象卫星在预报天气中所发挥的重要作用。如今，许多国家的气象站都是在接收到卫星云图后，由气象学家进行研究分析，然后预报天气的。在卫星的帮助下，人们可以预测未来三五天或更长时间内的天气状况。‎ ‎1. A。本题属表层理解题。短文首句即是答案之所在。‎ ‎2. D。From the pictures，the scientists can often say how the weather will change 是该小题答案的出处。‎ ‎3. D。答案就在 the meteorologists compare them with earlier ones. Perhaps they may find that the clouds have changed during the last few hours. This may mean that the weather on the ground may soon change, too 中。‎ ‎4. D。文章结尾的 Soon, perhaps, they may be able to forecast the weather for a week or more ahead 这句即是答案之所在。‎ ‎5. C。短文首句即点明了主旨。‎ ‎(B) Mr. Flowers嗜花如命，他种花的暖房位于一所学校附近。一些男孩子经常朝他种花的暖房上扔石块。尽管他绞尽脑汁，想尽了一切办法，都无济于事。最后Mr. Flowers想出了一个高招。他挂起了一块结实的布告牌，上面写着“请不要朝布告牌扔石块”。孩子们的兴趣于是转向了这块木牌，Mr. Flowers自此高枕无忧了。‎ ‎6. C。“…to win the silver cup for the Rose of the Year.”一句中，不定式在句中作目的状语，也是Mr. Flowers的愿望之所在。‎ ‎7. A。第二段前两句有明确的说明。‎ ‎8. D。“So Mr. Flowers did his best to be in or near his glass-houses at the beginning and end of the school day.”是该题的出处。(from www.zkenglish.com)‎ ‎9. D。为了保护自己的玻璃房子不受损坏，想尽了各种方法。选项A、B、C所述内容均在文中有明确的阐述。‎ ‎10. C。由最后一段，特别是其中的关键词large, good, strong以及布告上的DO NOT THROW STONES AT THIS NOTICE, 可知他制作布告牌的真正目的不是要它对孩子们起警示作用，而是利用孩子们的心理让其当作他们投掷的靶子。‎ ‎(C) 这是三则介绍旅游风景区景点的广告。‎ ‎11. the whole village, the forest and the mountains。 答案即在“From the hotel you can see the whole village, the forest and the mountains.”这句话中。‎ ‎12. in your boat。根据“There you can pay for them when you sit in your boat.”一句，可知答案。‎ ‎13. your hat。“Don’t forget your hat: the sun can be strong and it may be as hot as ‎40℃‎ about midday!”一句是答案的出处。‎ ‎14. mountains, forests and many mosquitoes。本题属表层信息理解题。答案源自“…and mountains and forests in the north, but be careful: there are many mosquitoes…”一句中。‎ ‎15. Bangkok in Thailand 。 这三则广告中所出现的气温方面的信息分别是：①Temperatures in summer are usually ‎20℃‎ to ‎25℃‎ in the daytime, but much cooler by evening. ② the sun can be strong and it may be as hot as ‎40℃‎ about midday! ③ Daytime temperatures there are usually around ‎24℃‎ to ‎26℃‎ by the sea, and only a little cooler by late evening. 不难看出正确答案。‎ 中考英语阅读理解·节约用水 ‎ ‎ Napoga is a 12-year-old girl in Ghana(加纳), Africa. It is hard for her family to get clean water. Every morning, she leaves home at half past five to get clean water for her family in a village far away. It takes her six hours to get enough clean water for daily(日常) cooking and drinking. She has no time to go to school or to play with her friends. Millions of people in the world are like Napoga. They can’t get enough clean water to keep healthy. ‎ Earth Day is April 22. But on all other days, we must also remember it. The water we use is the most important natural resource(自然资源) on the earth.‎ Water covers 70% of the earth’s surface(表面). But most of that is sea water. We can’t use it for very many things. Fresh water covers only 1% of the earth’s surface. ‎ You probably feel lucky that your life isn’t as hard as Napoga’s. But that doesn’t mean you don’t have to worry about water. We all face serious water problems. One of them is water pollution. All kinds of things from cars, factories, farms and homes make our rivers, lakes, and oceans dirty. Polluted water is very bad for people to drink. And dirty water is bad for fish, too. Now, 34% of all kinds of fish are dying out. ‎ How do cars and factories make our water dirty? First, they pollute the air. Then, when it rains, the rain water comes down and makes our drinking water dirty. Dirty rain, called acid rain(酸雨), is also bad for plants, animals and buildings. ‎ Scientists say that in 30 years, more than half of the people in the world won’t have enough clean water. We have to learn how to save more water for ourselves and our children. Here is some advice for saving water:‎ ‎●Turn off the water while you brush your teeth. You can save as much as 450 liters(升) each month. ‎ ‎●Leaky taps(漏水的龙头) waste a lot of water. Fix them right away! ‎ ‎●You can easily cut your 10-minute showers(沐浴) in half—and you’ll be just as clean. ‎ ‎●When you wash dishes, don’t let the water run. ‎ ‎●Only wash clothes when you have a lot to wash. If your washing machine isn’t full, you’re wasting water!‎ ‎◆根据以上短文内容，然后从每题所给的四个选项中选择最佳选项。‎ ‎1. Every morning Napoga went to get clean water _______.‎ A. before she went to school B. after she finished school ‎ C without going to school D. after she played with her friends ‎ ‎2. On the earth, _______. ‎ A. sea water is widely used than fresh water B. there is very little water for our living C. there is 71% of fresh water D. we don’t need to worry about water ‎ ‎3. Acid rain _______. ‎ A. is only bad for living things B. can be produced in factories C. doesn’t do harm to people, but it’s bad for plants, animals and buildings D. doesn’t just do harm to human beings but to animals, plants and buildings ‎4. Which of the following wastes water?‎ A. We need ten minutes if we want a clean shower. ‎ B. We should put in enough clothes when we wash them in washing machines. ‎ C. You can keep yourself clean by having a shower for five minutes. ‎ D. Don’t let the water run when we brush our teeth and wash dishes. ‎ ‎5. What’s the main idea of the passage?‎ A. Something must be done to prevent water form being polluted. ‎ B. Clean water means much to human beings and living things around us. ‎ C. It’s time to take care of the water we use. ‎ D. Water is the most important natural resource on the earth. ‎ ‎【答案及解析】‎ ‎1. 选C。从第1段中的句子She has no time to go to school可知，她根本没有去上学。故选C。‎ ‎2. 选B。短文第3段中介绍了全球70%被水覆盖，但只有1%才是饮用淡水。而世界上的很多国家和地区都缺水。所以选B项，即我们的生活用水很少。‎ ‎3. 选D。由第5段中的句子Dirty rain, called acid rain, is also bad for plants animals and buildings.可知，acid rain(酸雨)的危害很大。 故答案选D。‎ ‎4. 选A。A选项与C选项相互矛盾，则必有一个为正确选项。而从第3点建议(advice)可知，你可以沐浴只须五分钟来节约用水，若用10分钟则是浪费水。故选A。‎ ‎5. 选C。读完全文我们知道地球上的水资源有限，所以大家都要节约用水。故选C。‎ 中考英语阅读理解·浪费可耻 ‎ ‎ Waste can be seen everywhere in the school. Some students ask for more food than they can eat and others often forget to turn off the lights when they leave the classroom. They say they can afford these things. But I don’t agree with them. ‎ Waste can bring a lot of problems. Although China is rich in some resources(资源), we are short of(缺乏) others, for example, fresh water(淡水). It is reported that we will have no coal(煤) or oil to use in 100 years. So if we go on wasting our resources, what can we use in the future and where can we move? Think about it. I think we should say no to the students who waste things every day. Everybody should stop wasting as soon as possible. ‎ In our everyday life, we can do many things to prevent waste from happening, for example, turn off the water taps(水龙头) when we finish washing, turn off the lights when we leave the classroom, try not to order more food than we need, and so on. Little by little, everything will be changed. Waste can be stopped one day, if we do our best. ‎ ‎ ‎ ‎◆根据以上短文内容，然后从每题所给的四个选项中选择最佳选项。‎ ‎1. From the passage we know that some students often _______ in the school. ‎ A. eat too much B. don’t work hard C. waste things D. throw rubbish everywhere ‎2. Which is not mentioned in this passage? ‎ A. Fresh water. B. Forest. C. Oil.  D. Coal. ‎ ‎3. What may happen in 100 years? ‎ A. We may still have enough oil.  B. We may still have enough coal. ‎ C. We may have a little oil.  D. We may have no coal or oil to use. ‎ ‎4. Which of the following is right? ‎ A. Waste brings problems.  B. Waste can bring no problem. ‎ C. China is rich in fresh water.  D. Students never waste things. ‎ ‎5. Which is the best title of this passage? ‎ A. Stop Wasting B. School life C. Waste in the School  D. Rich Resources in ‎China ‎ ‎ ‎【答案及解析】‎ ‎1. 选C。从文章的第1句Waste can be seen everywhere in the school.就说明了在学校浪费现象随处可见，故选C。‎ ‎2. 选B。在第2段中，Fresh water, oil, coal均有提及，但Forest没有提到。故选B。‎ ‎3. 选D。由第2段的句子It is reported that we will have no coal or oil to use in 100 years.可知，在100年后，我们可能没有coal or oil to use。故答案选D。‎ ‎4. 选A。短文的第2段第1句Waste can bring a lot of problems就告诉了我们答案，故选Ａ。‎ ‎5. 选A。在短文的第1段例举一些浪费现象，引出第2段Everybody should stop wasting as soon as possible. 所以Stop Wasting 为短文的最佳标题。‎ 中考英语阅读理解·不一样的平安夜 ‎ ‎ Christmas Eve means a warm get-together with friends, a candlelight dinner, or perhaps a celebration at a pub(酒馆) for students. But, for Cai Yingjie, the night has a different meaning: helping beggars(乞丐) and the homeless(people without homes). ‎ Cai, who is a student in journalism at Tsinghua, could be found at Beijing’s Wudaokou Light Railway Station that special evening. When she saw an old beggar, she took the cold, rough hands of the woman with her warm, clean hands, and gave the woman some warm bread and helped her put on a pair of new gloves(手套). ‎ The woman was surprised for a few seconds, then burst into tears, saying “for the first time I feel respected(尊重)”.‎ Cai said, “A beggar’s life is very hard. That’s why I want to help them.” ‎ Cai was one of 14 Tsinghua students spending Christmas Eve among the poor. They walked in the cold wind along the streets from 4 to 7 pm on Friday, visiting 15 beggars in Beijing’s Haidian District.‎ They brought bread and gloves with them, and stopped to greet beggars and offer them some of the warm food. Each beggar greeted them with a look of surprise. ‎ ‎“I know the activity can’t help much, but it’s meant to show our respect and care for beggars and the homeless who have been neglected for so long,” said Sun, head of the group. “And Christmas is a good time for that.” ‎ ‎◆根据以上短文内容，然后从每题所给的四个选项中选择最佳选项。‎ ‎1. What does Christmas Eve mean to the 14 Tsinghua students? ‎ A. Taking 15 beggars to Tsinghua. ‎ B. Getting together with friends.‎ C. Showing care to the beggars and the homeless. ‎ D. Selling bread and gloves to the beggars.‎ ‎2. What does the beggar mean by saying “for the first time I feel respected”? ‎ A. The beggar has been waiting for Cai for long. ‎ B. The beggar hasn’t been shown care for so long. ‎ C. The beggar has been respecting Cai for a long time. ‎ D. This is the first time the beggar has seen Tsinghua students. ‎ ‎3. What did each beggar feel when they received greetings? ‎ A. Sad.      B. Amazed. ‎ C. Frightened.       D. Proud. ‎ ‎4. The word “neglected” in the last passage means _______. ‎ A. protected      B. found C. taken care of                  D. given no enough care ‎【答案及解析】‎ ‎1. 选C。第1段的最后一句…helping beggars(乞丐) and the homeless(people without homes). 就是他们的决定，即去帮助那些乞丐和无家可归的人，给他们以关爱。答案选C。‎ ‎2. 选B。根据第3段中的 woman所说的话：…for the first time I feel respected(尊重). 我们可以推断出：乞丐们有太长的时间没人关心了。故答案为B。‎ ‎3. 选B。 在第6段中有这样一句Each beggar greeted them with a look of surprise. 而B选项中Amazed 的同义表达就是surprised，所以答案为B。‎ ‎4. 选D。本文讲述了14个清华学子在平安夜帮助流浪汉和乞丐们的故事。这些流浪汉和乞丐们都感到十分的意外和温暖，我们由此可推断他们应该是长期given no enough care(被忽视的)原因。这样我们就可以排除A、B、C三项，最后正确答案为D。‎ 中考英语阅读理解·吓人的惩罚 ‎ ‎ Little Tommy was doing very badly in math. His parents had tried everything—tutors (家庭教师), cards, special learning centers—in short, everything they could think of. Finally they took Tommy to a catholic (天主教的) school.‎ After the first day, little Tommy came home with a very serious look on his face. He didn’t kiss his mother hello. Instead, he went straight to his room and started studying. Books and papers were spread (铺开) out all over the room and little Tommy was hard at work. His mother was surprised. She called him down to dinner and as soon as he finished eating, he went back to his room, without a word. In no time he was back hitting the books as hard as before. This went on for some time, day after day while the mother tried to understand what was happening.‎ Finally, little Tommy brought home his report card. He quietly put it on the table and went up to his room and hit the books. His mom looked at it and to her surprise, little Tommy got an A in math. She could no longer hold her curiosity (好奇心). She went to his room and asked, “Son, what was it? Was it the nuns (修女)?”‎ Little Tommy looked at her and shook his head, “No.”‎ ‎“Well then,” she asked again. “WHAT was it?”‎ Little Tommy looked at her and said, “Well, on the first day of school, when I saw that man nailed (钉) to the plus sign (加号), I knew they weren’t joking.”‎ ‎◆根据以上短文内容，然后从每题所给的四个选项中选择最佳选项。‎ ‎1. Why did Tommy’s parents send him to a catholic school?‎ A. Because he could eat well there.‎ B. Because he could earn more about nuns. ‎ C. Because his parents wanted him to do better in his math. ‎ D. Because his parents didn’t want him to learn math any more.‎ ‎2. Tommy’s mother felt surprised that his son _______.‎ A. was still the same as usual  B. ate so much at dinner C. kissed her hello after school  D. worked hard but said little ‎3. “Hitting the books” means “_______” in Chinese.‎ A. 用功  B. 捶书 ‎ C. 发泄  D. 振作 ‎4. The last sentence in the passage shows that _______.‎ A. Tommy felt sorry for the mail  B. Tommy was afraid of being nailed C. Tommy didn’t like the plus sign  D. Tommy liked playing jokes on others ‎5. From the passage, we can infer (推断) that _______. ‎ A. teachers should be strict with their students B. mistaking (误解) might do good sometimes C. a catholic school is much better than other ones D. nuns are good at helping children with their math ‎ ‎ ‎【答案及解析】‎ ‎1. 选C。文章第1段说Tommy数学学不好，其父母想尽了一切办法都不奏效，最后将他送进了一所天主教的教会学校。‎ ‎2. 选D。认真阅读第2段前面几句话，并注意以下信息：After the first day, little Tommy came home…didn’t kiss his mother hello…was hard at work…without a word. 可知答案应选D。‎ ‎3. 选A。根据文章大意和Finally, little Tommy brought home his report card. He quietly put it on the table and went up to his room and hit the books这个句子的语境，可知hit the books的意思是“用功”。‎ ‎4. 选B。Tommy学习一直不用功，但自从进了这所catholic school之后，情况就不一样了——整天都发狠读书，结果数学考试也得了A。这是为什么呢？文章在最后道出了其原因：Well, on the first day of school, when I saw that man nailed (钉) to the plus sign (加号), I knew they weren’t joking. 由此可知，Tommy是担心学习不用功会被钉在十字架上。‎ ‎5. 选B。Tommy把the man nailed to the plus sign误解为“学习不用功的结果”，从而一改自己原来不好学的不良习惯，很快就把数学成绩赶了上去。可见，误解有时也可以起到好的效果。‎ 中考英语阅读理解·火中自救小知识 ‎ ‎ What are you going to do if you are in a burning house? How will you escape? Do you know how to save yourself? Please read the following passage. ‎ Escaping a fire is a serious matter. Knowing what to do during a fire can save you life. It is important to know the ways you can use and show them to everyone in the family, such as stairways and fire escapes, but not lifts. ‎ From the lower floors of the buildings, escaping through windows is possible, learn the best way of leaving by windows with the least chance of serious injury. ‎ The second floor window is usually not very high from the ground. An average(平均高度的) person, hanging by the finger-tips will have a drop of about six feet to the ground. It is about the height of an average man. Of course, it is safer to jump a short way than to stay in a burning building. ‎ Windows are also useful when you are waiting for help. Be sure to keep the door closed. Or smoke and fire may be drawn into the room. Keep your head low at the window to be sure you get fresh air rather than smoke that may leaked(渗) into the room.‎ On a second or third floor, the best windows for escape are those that open onto a roof. From the roof a person can drop to the ground more safely. Dropping onto cement(水泥) might end in injury. Bushes(灌木丛) and grass can help to break a fall. ‎ ‎◆根据以上短文内容，然后从每题所给的四个选项中选择最佳选项。‎ ‎1. It is important to _______. ‎ A. put out the fire in the burning house B. know the ways to escape the fire ‎ C. jump off a burning house D. keep the door closed ‎ ‎2. It is possible to escape through the windows _______.‎ A. if there are some bushes on the ground  B. if you are strong enough C. if you live on a lower floor D. If you have a long rope ‎3. Which of the following escaping way is NOT right? _______. ‎ A. You can escape though stairways. B. You can choose fire escapes. ‎ C. Escape from the windows that open onto a roof. D. Use a lift to come down at once. ‎ ‎4. Open the window so that _______ if the building is on fire. ‎ A. you can get fresh air B. you can call for help C. you can easily jump off D. you can be seen first ‎5. The best title of the passage is _______. ‎ A. Escaping from the Windows B. Save Yourself in the Burning House C. Knowledge on Fire D. Waiting for Help ‎【答案及解析】‎ ‎1. 选B。从句子It is important to know the ways you can use and show them to everyone in the family,…可知，当房子着火后，最重要的是你要知道the ways to escape the fire(逃生方式)，故答案选B。‎ ‎2. 选C。在短文的第2段说到…from the lower floors of building escaping through windows is possible。故选C。‎ ‎3. 选D。在短文中特别强调在大火发生时，人们可以从 stairways 和 fire escapes逃生, but not lifts(但不能从电梯)，因为那是相当危险的。‎ ‎4. 选A。在短文的第5段提到了可…keep your head low at the window to be sure you get fresh air…可知。‎ ‎5. 选B。通读全文后，短文的大意很明显，在着火的大楼中自救的方法应是短文的主题，故选B。‎ 中考英语阅读理解·流行小天王 ‎ ‎ He is quiet and shy. He likes to hide his eyes behind his hair. He doesn’t smile very often. However, if you talk to him about music, he’ll have a lot to say. ‎ This is Jay Chou, the 24-year-old Taiwanese pop king(天王). His fans are so excited because he will sing songs in Beijing on September 12. Those songs are from his new album (唱片), “Ye Huimei”, and the album was released (发行) in July and was named after his mother.‎ Chou grew up just with his mother. He did not talk much and did badly in many school subjects. ‎ His mother noticed the boy’s special interest in music and sent him to learn piano when he was only three years old. He loved it and kept on practicing.‎ Chou is not very handsome. He does not speak clearly when he sings or talks. But the singer has huge crowds of fans. “He is really good at music. It makes him attractive(有魅力的) to me,” said Liu Jiajun, a Junior 2 student in No.101 Middle School in Beijing. ‎ ‎“He is true to himself. He never follows others,” said Zhang Yujie, a Junior 1 girl at Huaibei Middle School in Sihong‎, ‎Jiangsu Province. ‎ ‎◆根据以上短文内容，然后从每题所给的四个选项中选择最佳选项。‎ ‎1. From this passage, we know that Jay Chou _______.‎ A. is very handsome   B. has a bright smile C. often makes too much noise    D.. is a pop music star ‎2. His fans are so excited because _______. ‎ A. he released a new album in July B. he will sing new songs in ‎Beijing C. he can play the piano very well D. his new album was named after his mother ‎3. When he was a little child, he _______. ‎ A. talked a lot every day  B. did well in his study at school C. started to like music D. had huge crowds of fans ‎4. According to one of his fans, Jay _______. ‎ A. is a good student B. has long and beautiful hair C. is a well-known pianist D. is very attractive to them ‎5. The sentence “He never follows others” in the last paragraph means _______. ‎ A. he always has his own style(风格) B. he likes to walk alone C. he doesn’t like other people’s songs at all  D. no one can catch up with him ‎ ‎ ‎【答案及解析】‎ ‎1. 选D。根据第5段中的Chou is not very handsome. 可知A不对；根据第1段中的He doesn’t smile very often可知B不对；根据第1段中的He is quiet and shy可知C也不对。故答案选D。‎ ‎2. 选B。根据第2段中的His fans are so excited because he will sing songs in Beijing on September 12可知答案。‎ ‎3. 选C。根据第4段的His mother noticed the boy’s special interest in music 可知Chou小的时候就对音乐很感兴趣，也就是或那时就开始喜欢音乐了。‎ ‎4. 选D。根据第5段中It makes him attractive to me可知答案。‎ ‎5. 选A。这句话本意是说他不会跟随其他人，但跟文章主题音乐联系起来，以及根据前面一句话He is true to himself可知隐含意义为他有自己的音乐风格。‎ 中考英语阅读理解·音乐与椅子 ‎ ‎ Do you know how to play a game called “Musical Chairs”? It is easy to play and most people enjoy it. All you need are some chairs, some people and some way of making music. You may use a piano or any other musical instrument, if someone can play it. You may use a tape recorder. You can even use a radio.‎ Put the chairs in a row. The chairs may be put in twos, back to back. A better way is to have the chairs in one row with each chair facing in the opposite direction to the chair next to it. ‎ The game is easy. When the music starts, the players walk round the chairs. Everyone goes in the same direction, of course, they should walk in time to the music. If the music is fast they should walk quickly. If the music is slow, they should walk slowly. ‎ The person playing music cannot see the people in the game. When the music stops, the players try to sit on the chairs. If a person cannot find a chair to sit on, he drops out. Then, before the music starts again, one chair must be taken away. When the music stops again, one more player will be out. ‎ At last, there will be two players and one chair. The one who sits on the chair when the music stops is the winner.‎ ‎◆根据以上短文内容，然后从每题所给的四个选项中选择最佳选项。‎ ‎1. If ten people are playing musical chairs, you must begin with _______. ‎ A. nine chairs B. ten chairs C. eleven chairs  D. one chair ‎2. Which of the following is not suitable for playing musical chairs? _______. ‎ A. A piano  B. A radio C. A tape recorder  D. A telephone ‎3. The chairs should be put _______. ‎ A. with the desks B. before the winner      C. all over the room D. in a line ‎4. When the music starts, the players must _______. ‎ A. run about the room  B. get down  C. walk around the chairs D. sit on the chairs ‎ ‎5. Which of the following statements is NOT true?‎ A. The game “Musical Chairs” is not difficult to learn. ‎ B. The last one can sit on the last chair. ‎ C. The winner can sit on the chair. ‎ D. If the person plays music, he cannot be the winner. ‎ ‎ ‎ ‎【答案及解析】‎ ‎1. 选A。因为在第4段有这样一句If a person cannot find a chair to sit on, he drops out.那么肯定是椅子比人数少1，这样才会有人没得坐，故选A。‎ ‎2. 选D。在第1段中提到了A、B、C三种可以播放音乐的器具，而D项没有，因为一般来说电话是不能播放音乐的，所以选D。‎ ‎3. 选D。第2段的Put the chairs in a row就是“把椅子排成一排”这意。选D。‎ ‎4. 选C。由第3段中的句子When the music starts, the players walk round the chairs.可知答案为C。‎ ‎5. 选B。本题可用排除法，由第1段第2句It is easy to play 可知道A项正确；由最后一句The one who sits on the chair when the music stops is the winner.可知C项是正确的；由第4段的句子The person playing music cannot see the people in the game可知D项也是正确的。故答案选B 中考英语阅读理解·领养宠物 ‎ ‎ ‎“Well, we’re in our new house. Let’s get a new pet to get along with it,” Mrs Brown said to her husband. ‎ ‎“That sounds like a pretty good idea,” he answered. “Do you want to see the ads in the newspaper?”‎ ‎“Let’s go to the animal shelter. Many pets there need homes. Since tomorrow is Saturday, we can both go,” she said.‎ Next morning the Browns met Mr Snow at the animal shelter. “We want to be sure that the pets here go to good homes,” Mr Snow said, “So I need to ask you some questions.”‎ After they talked for a while, the Browns decided to get a small dog. It wouldn’t need a big house or a big yard. A small dog would bark(吠) and warm them if someone tried to break into their house. After Mr Snow gave the Browns a book on pet care, they chose one and wanted to take her home right away. But the animal doctor hadn’t checked her yet. So Mr Snow told them to return on Sunday. ‎ On Sunday afternoon the Browns went to the animal shelter. The animal doctor said, “Shadow has had all of her shots(预防针). She will be healthy.” The browns thanked the doctor and took Shadow home.‎ ‎◆根据以上短文内容，然后从每题所给的四个选项中选择最佳选项。‎ ‎1. From the reading we learn that _______. ‎ A. the Browns have never had a pet before. ‎ B. the Browns knew about Shadow from the newspaper. ‎ C. Shadow is a small and healthy dog. ‎ D. Mr Brown didn’t quite agree with his wife. ‎ ‎2. The word shelter in the reading means _______. ‎ A. a place to sell small dogs B. a place to keep homeless animals C. a place to study animals D. a place to sell books on pet care ‎ ‎3. Mr Snow asked the Browns some questions to _______.‎ A. see if they had moved to a new house  ‎ ‎ B. find out how rich the Browns were C. know where they’d keep their new pet D. make sure they’d take care of pets ‎4. The Browns thinks that a small dog _______. ‎ A. doesn’t need any room to keep ‎ ‎ B. can help them watch their house ‎ C. eats less food than a bigger one  ‎ D. usually has a beautiful name ‎5. It’s clear that _______. ‎ A. Shadow will not be easy to get ill  ‎ B. the Browns were not satisfied with Shadow C. Mr Snow didn’t check Shadow at all ‎ D. Shadow likes barking a lot ‎【答案及解析】‎ ‎1. 选C。文章第5段提到…the Browns decided to get a small dog 以及最后一段动物医生说：Shadow has had all of her shots(预防针). She will be healthy.我们可以知道Shadow是一只健康的小狗。答案选C。‎ ‎2. 选B。由第3段句子Let’s go to the animal shelter. Many pets there need homes.可知，shelter是a place to keep homeless animals(无家可归的动物们的避难所)。‎ ‎3. 选D。第4段内容告诉我们：医生想为宠物们找个好家，他想知道Brown夫妇是否能照顾好宠物，否则医生也不放心把宠物交给他们的。‎ ‎4. 选B。由第5段的句子A small dog would bark(吠) and warm them if someone tried to break into their house. 我们可知，一只小狗就可以帮他们看家了。故答案选B。‎ ‎5. 选A。因为Shadow has had all of her shots，它已经打过所有的预防针了，所以Shadow是不会容易得病的。‎ 中考英语阅读理解·一百元的价值 ‎ ‎ A famous teacher was speaking to the students at our school. He began his lesson by holding up a ¥100 bill. Then he said to the three hundred students, “Who would like this ¥100 bill?” The students began to put up their hands at once.‎ Then he said, “I am going to give this ¥100 to one of you, but first, let me do this.” He then made the bill into a ball. Then he said, “Who wants it now?” The hands went back into the air.‎ ‎“Well,” he said, “What if I do this?” and he dropped it on the floor and stepped on it. He picked up the dirty, crumpled bill and said, “Who still wants it?” Hands went back into the air.‎ ‎“My friends,” he said, “you have learned a valuable lesson today. No matter (无论) what I did to the money, you still wanted it because it did not go down in value (价值). It was still worth ¥ l00!”‎ Many times in our lives, we are dropped, crumpled, and stepped on by the chances we take and the things that happen to us. We feel as if we are worth nothing. But remember, no matter what has happened to you, you will never lose your value: you are always valuable to those people who love you. Your value doesn’t come from what you do or whom you know, but WHO YOU ARE.‎ You are special and valuable. Don’t ever forget it!‎ ‎◆根据以上短文内容，然后从每题所给的四个选项中选择最佳选项。‎ ‎1. Even though it was dirty, the money _______.‎ A. still went up in value B. was worth nothing C. didn’t go down in value D. was still ours ‎2. We are always valuable to the people _______.‎ A. who pay us B. who call us C. who hate us D. who love us ‎3. Your value doesn’t come from what you do but _______.‎ A. who you know B. who made you C. who you remember D. who you are ‎4. The sentence “Hands went back into the air” means “_______”.‎ A. the students put up their hands again B. the students put down their hands C. the students put their hands behind their backs again D. the students put their hands in front of them ‎5. Why did the famous teacher use a ¥100 bill at his lesson?‎ A. Because he wanted to make the bill into a ball.‎ B. Because he used to drop a bill on the floor and stepped on it.‎ C. Because he was going to give the bill to one of his students.‎ D. Because he wanted to make the students know what value was.‎ ‎【答案及解析】‎ ‎1. 选C。根据第4段中的No matter what I did to the money, you still wanted it because it did not go down in value可知答案。‎ ‎2. 选D。根据第5段中的you are always valuable to those people who love you可知答案。‎ ‎3. 选D。根据第5段中的Your value doesn’t come from what you do or whom you know, but WHO YOU ARE可知答案。‎ ‎4. 选A。老师第一次问Who would like this ¥100 bill? 时，同学们的反应是：The students began to put up their hands at once. 老师第二次问Who wants it now? 时， 同学们的反应是：The hands went back into the air. 老师第三次问：Who still wants it? 时，同学们的反应是：Hands went back into the air. 很显然，Hands went back into the air 中的back有类似again的含义，故选A。‎ ‎5. 选D。通读全文可以看出，老师利用这张百元大钞作“教具”，其目的是想告诉同学们，无论你怎样折腾这张百元大钞，它的价值都不会因此而减少。所以答案选D最佳。‎ 中考英语阅读理解·网络瘾君子 ‎ ‎ ‎ “I sometimes get up at three or four in the morning and I surf the net.”‎ ‎“I often check my e-mail forty times a day.”‎ ‎“I often spend more than three hours during one time on the net.”‎ ‎“I spend more time in chat rooms(聊天室) than with my ‘real-1ife’ friends.”‎ Do you know any people like these? They are part of a new addiction(瘾) called Internet addiction. Internet addicts spend at least thirty to forty hours online every week. The use of the Internet can be an addiction like drug(毒品) use. People lose control(控制) of the time they spend on the Internet For example, one college student was missing for several days. His friends were worried, and they called the police. The police found the student in the computer lab: he was surfing the net for several days straight. ‎ Studies show that about 6 to 10% of Internet users become addicted. And people worry about the teens because the Internet is changing the playing field for some of them. They spend more time in cyberspace than in the real world of friends and family. ‎ Is “surfing the net” a hobby or an addiction for you? You may have a problem if you have these symptoms(症状):‎ ‎●You do not go to important family activities or you do not do school work because you like to spend hours on the Internet.‎ ‎●You can’t wait for your next online time. ‎ ‎●You plan to spend a short time online, but then you spend several hours. ‎ ‎●You go out with your friends less and less.‎ ‎◆根据以上短文内容，然后从每题所给的四个选项中选择最佳选项。‎ ‎1. What does the beginning of the passage tell us?‎ A. How to become an Internet addict.  B. What an Internet addict usually does.‎ C. Where to find an Internet addict.  D. Why to write this passage. ‎ ‎2 How does the writer describe the addicts’ use of Internet?‎ A. It is something like keeping drugs.  B. It is a way of producing drugs. ‎ C. It is like taking drugs. D. It is terrible to imagine. ‎ ‎3. Why do people worry about the teens?‎ A. The teens are wasting too much money. ‎ B. They used to work on the Internet. ‎ C. The playing field of the teens will disappear. ‎ D. More and more of the teens wil1 become addicted to the Internet.‎ ‎4. The example in the passage shows that _______.‎ A. Internet problems are more serious among college students B. Internet addicts usually stay in the computer lab without sleep C. Some of the Internet users have already been seriously addicted D. The police often help to find those Internet addicts.‎ ‎5. What is the writer trying to tell us at the end of the passage?‎ A. Don’t be addicted to the Internet.‎ B. Go to family activities more often.‎ C. Do things as you have planned D. Stay with your parents as often as possible. ‎ ‎【答案及解析】‎ ‎1. 选B。在短文的开头就述说了这些上网成瘾的人早上3、4点钟起床去上网；每天四次看E-mail；每次上网时间不少于3小时；甚至在网上聊天的时间比跟自己朋友在一起的时间还多。这些都是他们经常做的事情。故选B。‎ ‎2. 选C。由句子The use of the Internet can be an addiction like during use.可知，人们上网成瘾就跟take drug(吸毒)成瘾一样。‎ ‎3. 选D。由第3段中的句子…people worry about the teens.及They spend more time in cyberspace than in the real world of friends and family.可知，这是成瘾的症状。故选D。‎ ‎4. 选C。短文中讲述了一个大学生失踪了好几天，他的朋友非常担心，而且还动用了警察去找他，结果却发现他一直在上网。这说明一些上网的人已经有很大的网瘾了。故选C。‎ ‎5. 选A。文章例举了上网成瘾的坏处，并在结尾处例举了上网成瘾的症状，这就是要提醒我们不要变成“网络瘾君子”。答案选A。‎ 阅读简答专项训练 ‎ ‎ A Nearly all American students in colleges and universities pay for their education. There are many expenses. First of all, there is tuition (学费). At some schools, the tuition is very high, ten thousand dollars a year or more. At other schools, it may only be a few hundred dollars a year. At some community (社区) colleges, tuition is free. There are other expenses as well. Many students leave their homes to go to schools in other cities. They may live in dormitories or apartments ( flats), and they must pay for it. Finally, students must buy textbooks for their courses. Some families start saving money for their children’s education when the children are small. Many students work to save money for tuition. They can also get loans (贷款) from the government. They pay the money back to the government when they finish their education. ‎ 阅读短文，回答问题或完成答句，每题词数不超过5个 ‎1. Which students pay for their education?‎ ‎_______________ in colleges and universities pay for their education. ‎ ‎2. How much is the higher tuition? ‎ It is _______________ or more. ‎ ‎3. Are there any free tuition colleges?‎ ‎___________________________.‎ ‎4.Why do many students live in dormitories or apartments?‎ Because they_______________. ‎ ‎5. What must students buy finally? ‎ They must _______________. ‎ ‎6. When do many students pay back their loans from the government?‎ They pay them back_______________. ‎ ‎ ‎ B Some people want to be shot into space after their death, others want to lie deep under the sea. But most people want to go into the freezer(冷藏库).These are believers in cryogenics(低温冷冻学). ‎ Now some diseases can’t be cured, but they may be cured sometime in the future. So some people hope that their bodies can be frozen after they die. When a cure is found, warm up his or her body, bring it back to life and take the cure. Once the body is frozen, it is kept in liquid nitrogen(液态氮) at a temperature of 328 degrees below zero. ‎ Now around a thousand people are going to take cryogenic treatment(处理), though most scientists say it won’t work. If we freeze huge creatures(生物) like humans, every one of their cells(细胞) will be broken. Can they be brought back to life in the future? ‎ 根据短文内容回答下列各问题。‎ ‎7. Where do most people hope that their bodies are kept after their death?‎ ‎_________________________________________‎ ‎8. Why do they want the world to keep their bodies well?‎ ‎_________________________________________‎ ‎9. How do scientists usually keep a dead man’s body?‎ ‎_________________________________________‎ ‎10. How many people are going to take cryogenic treatment after they die?‎ ‎___________________________________________‎ C A rich man was once riding along the road and saw an old man digging in his garden. On the ground lay a young tree, ready to be planted. The rich man called out to the old man, “What kind of tree are you planting there, my good man?” ‎ ‎“This is a fig(无花果) tree, sir. ” He said. ‎ ‎“A fig tree?” the rich man was very surprised, “Why, how old are you, may I ask?” ‎ ‎“I am ninety years old.” ‎ ‎“What!” cried the rich man, “You’re ninety years old. You are planting a very young tree now and it’ll take years to give fruit. You certainly don’t hope to live long enough to get any fruit from this tree. ” The old man looked around the garden. Then he said with a smile, “Tell me, sir. Did you eat figs when you were a boy? ”“Sure,” the man did not know why he asked this question. “Then tell me this,” he said, “Who planted the fig trees?” “Why-why? I don’t know.” “You see, sir.” went on the old man,“Our forefathers(祖先) planted trees for us to enjoy and I am doing the same for the people after me.” ‎ The rich man was quiet and said, “You are right，my good man. We should do some things for the people after us. Thank you very much.” Then he rode away. ‎ 根据短文内容回答下列各问题。‎ ‎11.What tree was the old man planting when the rich man saw him? ‎ ‎________________________________________‎ ‎12. How old was the old man? ‎ ‎_________________________________________‎ ‎13. The old man was planting the tree to get himself some fruit to eat，wasn’t he? Who was he planting the tree for? ‎ ‎____________________________________________‎ ‎14. Did the rich man eat figs when he was a boy? ‎ ‎____________________________________________‎ ‎15. What should we do for the people after us? ‎ ‎_____________________________________________‎ ‎ ‎ D In general，laws for children are a good thing. ‎ One hundred years ago in industrial countries, children worked 18 hours a day in a factory at age seven. The factory owner could beat a child who fell asleep or was not fast enough. Both parents and teachers could do the same. ‎ Today, there are many laws about children all over the world. Some people think children must obey rules or they should be punished，others do not agree. The Inuits or Eskimos in Alaska almost never punish their children. The parents don’t hit them. If the children go too far，the parents punish them by making fun of them. ‎ Children in other parts of the world are not as lucky as Eskimo children. American parents can spank(打……臀部) their children at home，but a teacher cannot hit a child in a public school. This is also true in Germany. In contrast(对比), it is against the law for anyone to hit a child in Sweden. Swedish parents cannot spank their children. The children also ‎ have a special government official who works for their rights. There is even a plan for children to divorce from their parents though this is not a law yet！ ‎ 根据短文内容回答下列各问题。‎ ‎16. How were children treated in industrial countries 100years ago? ‎ ‎________________________________________.‎ ‎17. What does the author mean by “go too far?”‎ ‎________________________________________.‎ ‎18. Can a teacher in Germany hit his students in public school? ‎ ‎________________________________________.‎ ‎19. What kind of people can beat children in Sweden? ‎ ‎ __________________________________________.‎ ‎20. What does it mean by “a plan for children to divorce from their parents?”‎ ‎_________________________________________.‎ E Sydney‎ is a young city. Its history goes back just over 200 years. But in Australia, it is the oldest city. It is also the country’s largest city. Sydney is the capital of New South Wales and the most populous(人口稠密的) city of Australia. ‎ The climate(气候) of Sydney is very good. It’s not too cold during the winter and not too hot during the summer. The sky is blue，the air is fresh(清新的), birds sing in the garden. People who live in Sydney seem to have an easy life style. They will tell you, “Don’t worry. ” ‎ Many people think that Sydney is one of the most attractive cities in the world. It has many tall and modern buildings. Among them, Centrepoint‎ ‎Tower is the tallest. Standing on the 305--metre(80 storeys) tower, you will have a great view(视野) of the city. ‎ Sydney is famous for its deep harbor(港口) .The harbor has many bays(湾) and beautiful surf beaches. Among them, Bondi beach is the most popular. Sydney‎ ‎Harbor is not only beautiful, it also serves as a large port. Ships carry wool, wheat and meat from Sydney to other countries. ‎ People living in Sydney like to call themselves Sydneysiders. They are mostly friendly and easygoing. When they are not working, they love to have a good time at the beach, swimming and sailing. ‎ 根据短文内容回答下列各问题。‎ ‎21. How old is Sydney? ‎ ‎。 ________________________________________‎ ‎22. How is the climate of Sydney? ‎ ‎。 ________________________________________‎ ‎23. How tall is Centrepoint‎ ‎Tower? ‎ ‎。 ________________________________________‎ ‎24. What is Sydney famous for? ‎ ‎。 ________________________________________‎ ‎25. What do people living in Sydney love to do when they are not working? ‎ ‎。 ________________________________________‎ ‎ ‎ ‎ ‎ ‎【参考答案】‎ A篇 ‎【文章大意】 几乎所有的美国大学生都要支付教育费用。首先是学费。有些学校的学费很贵，高达一万美元一年甚至更多。还有其它的费用，如住宿费。最后还有教材费。有些家庭在孩子还小的时候就开始积攒教育经费，很多学生通过工作来挣钱支付学费，他们也可以向政府借贷，毕业后再还。‎ ‎1. Nearly all American students ‎ ‎2. ten thousand dollars a year ‎ ‎3. Yes, there are some ‎ ‎4. study in other cities / leave their homes to study / study away from their homes / don’t study near their homes ‎ ‎5. buy textbooks for their courses ‎6. when they finish their education B篇 ‎【文章大意】有些人死后想被发射到太空去，有些人想被深埋在海底之下，但多数人想要被低温冷冻。现在有些疾病不能治疗，但到了将来它们可能会被治好。于是有些人希望死后尸体能被冷冻起来，等找到了治疗方法，再让他们复活。尽管大多数科学家认为这种方法不起作用，还是有1,000多人准备接受低温冷冻。‎ ‎7. In the freezer. ‎ ‎8. They hope that they can come back to life one day. ‎ ‎9. They usually keep it in liquid nitrogen at a temperature of 328 degrees below zero. ‎ ‎10. Around 1.000 people.‎ C篇 ‎【文章大意】一位富人见一位90岁的老人在种无花果树，感到很惊讶。老人对他说，“我们的祖先为我们栽树，供我们享受，我也为我的后人们做同样的事。”‎ ‎11.He was planting a fig tree. ‎ ‎12. He was ninety years old. ‎ ‎13. No, he wasn’t. He was planting the tree for the people after him . ‎ ‎14. Yes, he did. ‎ ‎15. We should do some good things for the people after us.‎ D篇 ‎【文章大意】通常而言，为儿童制定法律是件好事。100多年前，在工业国家，7岁大的孩子在工厂一天要工作18小时，工厂的老板可以打小孩，家长和老师们也可以这样做。今天世界上有很多保护儿童的法律。有些人认为儿童应该遵纪守法，否则就要受到惩罚。其他人则不同，爱斯基摩人从不惩罚儿童。如果孩子们做得太过份了，父母亲用开玩笑的方式来惩罚他们。在其他地方则不同，美国的家长可以在家打孩子的屁股，但老师不能在学校打学生。德国跟美国一样。但在瑞士任何人都不能打孩子，并有专门的政府部门来维护孩子们的权利。‎ ‎16. They were treated very badly. ‎ ‎17. Do something too much. ‎ ‎18. No, he can’t. ‎ ‎19. None can do that. ‎ ‎20. A plan for ending the children’s relationship with their parents.‎ E篇 ‎【文章大意】这是一篇介绍悉尼的文章，分别从历史、气候、建筑、港口和居民等方面阐述了悉尼的迷人之处。‎ ‎21. It’s just over 200 years old. ‎ ‎22. It’s not too cold during the winter and not too hot during the summer. It’s very good. ‎ ‎23. It’s 305 meters tall. ‎ ‎24. Sydney is famous for its deep harbor. ‎ ‎25. They love to go swimming and sailing.‎ 阅读简答实例分析 ‎ ‎ ‎(A)‎ John Smith was an old porter. He worked at the station. Every day he was busy carrying heavy things for the people. He was careful with his work. He was kind to everyone. He was always ready to help others.‎ One morning he stood in the station. He was waiting for the train. Just then he saw a man running towards the trains with a big bag in his hand.‎ ‎“No train is starting. Why is he in such a hurry?” the old man thought to himself.‎ He went up to the man and asked, “May I help you?”‎ As soon as the man saw the porter, he stopped running.‎ ‎“Can I catch the 10:35 train to London?” the man asked. He looked worried.‎ The old porter looked at him for a few seconds and said, “Well, sir. I’d like to help you, but I can’t answer your question because I don’t know how fast you can run.” Then he explained to the man, “The 10:35 train to London left five minutes ago. Can you run fast enough to catch it?”‎ ‎1. What was John’s job?‎ ‎2. Where do you think the man was going?‎ ‎3. Why did the man run towards the trains and look worried? ‎ ‎4. What time was it when the man got to the station? ‎ ‎5. What do you think of John Smith?‎ ‎ ‎ ‎【答案及解析】‎ 通读全文, 故事讲述的是车站搬运工John Smith有一天在火车站同一名旅客间的一段对话，故事很幽默。‎ ‎ ‎ 第一个问题是一个细节题，第1段清楚地说明了他的工作：John Smith was an old porter。porter的意思的“(车站、码头) 的搬运工人”，如果考生不认识这个词，也可以由He worked at the station. Every day he was busy carrying heavy things for the people.这两句话了解他的工作性质。因此第一个问题的回答：John’s job was to carry heavy things for the people at station. / He was a porter.‎ 第二个问题是一个推理题，问题:这名旅客要去哪里。由文中这句旅客的问话Can I catch the 10:35 train to London?很容易推断出他要去伦敦。‎ 第三个问题仍要求考生推理得出答案，问题：为什么此人看上去很急的样子朝火车赶去。很显然是因为他在赶火车。对why提问要用because进行回答，第三个问题的回答是Because he wanted to catch the 10:35 train to London. ‎ 第四个问题是推理题, 问的是：这名旅客赶到火车站的时间。由下文John的回答The 10:35 train to London left five minutes ago可知火车已开走，这名旅客赶到的时间是大约10: 40，因此第四题的回答是It was about10：40 (twenty to eleven) 。第五个问题是归纳题, 考查考生对文章大意的理解。这个问题的回答实际上就是全文的中心句, 在第一自然段里已做了介绍。He was careful with his work. He was kind to everyone and always ready to help others.‎ ‎(B)‎ John Brown, an office worker, lives in Washington, He inherited(继承) $ 1,000, 000 when he was 23. He didn’t feel happy at all. His college friends were looking for their first jobs, but he didn’t have to. John decided to keep living a simple life like everyone else. He didn’t tell any of his friends and gave $ 100, 000 of his money to a charity(慈善团体) that helped poor children to live better lives, but he is much happier. ‎ Up to now,John has helped 15 children from poor countries all over the world, $ ‎200 a month for each. The child does not receive the money in cash(现金). The money pays for the child’s school expenses, food, medical care and clothing. John receives a report each year on the child’s progress. They can write to each other, but usually the children do not speak English. ‎ When John first heard about these children, he wanted to help them. “It was not anything special,” he said, “Until I had the chance to go to these countries and meet the children I was helping, I did not know anything about the type of life they had.”‎ Once John went to meet a little girl in Africa. He said that the meeting was very exciting. “When I met her, I felt very very happy,” he said, “I saw that the money was used for a very good plan. It brought me closer to the child in a way that giving money alone cannot” “ I want to do everything I can. I will go on helping those children in need, “he added. ‎ 根据短文内容回答下列问题，不超过五个单词：‎ ‎1. What kind of life is John living?‎ He is living a _______________________.. ‎ ‎2. Did John want to look for a job or stay at home after he got the money?‎ ‎ ___________________ ‎ ‎3. Does John only help the poor children in Africa?‎ ‎ ____________________________‎ ‎4. The child receives the money in cash, doesn’t he?‎ ‎ _______________________________‎ ‎5. Why did John say that the meeting with the little girl was very exciting?‎ Because he saw his money was well used and this made him_____________. ‎ ‎6.. How do you like John Brown?‎ He is_______________________‎ ‎ ‎ ‎【答案及解析】‎ 这篇短文讲述的是John Brown继承了一笔遗产,并用这笔钱来资助15个孩子的故事。注意有的问题是用句子回答，有的则是用短语或词回答，词数有要求，不能超过五个单词。‎ ‎ 阅读简答的答题技巧 ‎ ‎ 学生们做“阅读简答”这样的题目时，普遍觉得不难，而考试结果一出来，却发现得高分的不多，原因就在于这种题型不仅要求考生读懂文章, 还要求他们用自己的语言简练的回答有关问题；既考查了学生的阅读理解能力，也考查了他们的英语表达能力和概括能力,另外,对回答的拼写、语法的正确性的要求，使得做简答题有一定的难度。再加上解答这样的题型几乎没有猜题的技巧可言，也从某种意义上加大了做题的难度。要想取得较好的成绩，好的解题步骤和技巧是非常重要的。‎ ‎1. 通读全文。做简答题的关键是要读懂原文，因此首先要通读全文、弄清楚段落大意及文章的中心意思以及作者的基本观点、态度，正确理解语境。‎ ‎2. 按题查读，即根据问题去寻找答案。认真阅读问题，充分理解问题，准确理解所问的内容，确定需要在文章中查找的对象，避免答非所问。‎ ‎3. 简练作答。在基本确定了每道题的回答内容之后，就要用简练、准确的英语表达出来。注意回答问题时要切中要点，不要画蛇添足。组织答案时，注意避免语言错误，如：时态、主谓一致、句子结构和拼写等。如需引用原文，要作适当改动，最好不要整句照搬.‎ ‎4. 认真核查。完成所填的答案以后，再将原短文和补全后的短文或句子放在一起,审读一遍，上下对比参照，逐一检查所填的词是否符合原文主旨和细节，是否答非所问，是否仍存在语法、词汇拼写等错误，另外还有一点也要注意：如果对字数有要求, 是否符合要求。‎ ‎5. 答案形式要符合提问方式。不同类型的问题要求有不同形式的回答，不能仅仅为了答案的简洁而忽略了问题与回答在形式上的对应。如原文中提问方式为“why”，那么就要用“because”引导的从句来回答。‎ 答题时值得注意的是：根据语境、先定词义、后定词形。因此首先得纵观全文，围绕中心意思，综合考虑来确定词义，保证所填的词符合全文的大意。查读相关的段落或词句时，应仔细对照留有空格的句子或问题，找出充足的依据来确定该空格应填词的词义。所填的词还必须符合语法正确的原则，必须从词语搭配、句型结构以及人称、时态、语态上来判定所填词的正确形式，所填的词以实词为主，有些要填的词可以从原短文中直接找到答案。‎ 第一个问题是细节题，询问John过着怎样的一种生活。由文中的句子John decided to keep living a simple life like everyone else. 可知：他的生活简朴。因此第一题可填入simple life.‎ 第二个问题是推理题，文章开头说His college friends were looking for their first jobs, but he didn’t have to. John decided to keep living a simple life like everyone else.说明他想和别人一样过普通人的生活。很容易对这个选择疑问句作出回答，注意对选择疑问句的回答方式，不要画蛇添足。第2句的回答： He wanted to look for a job.‎ 第三个问题是细节题，根据John has helped 15 children from poor countries all over the world…可知这个一般疑问句的回答：是No. (He helps other children.) / No, he doesn’t.‎ 第四个问题是细节题，这是个反意问句，由文中的The child does not receive the money in cash(现金) The money pays for the child’s school expenses, food, medical care and clothing.可知回答是No / No,he doesn’t.‎ 第五个问题要求考生用短语或词填空，这是推理题，问：为什么John同小女孩的见面令他激动?题目中已给出了部分回答：Because he saw his money was well used and this made ‎ him_____________.短文 “When I met her, I felt very very happy,” he said, “I saw that the money was used for a very good plan. It brought me closer to the child in a way that giving money alone cannot” 可以判断空里应填feel happy / closer to the child.‎ 第六个问题是归纳总结题，要求考生在理解全文的基础上，对主人公的人品进行归纳评价。最合适的回答是：a kind(generous) person。‎ 回答问题型阅读理解题3篇 ‎ ‎ ‎ 阅读下列短文，然后根据短文内容回答问题。‎ ‎(1)‎ It’s hard to make friends if you stay at home alone all the time. Get out of the house and do things that will put you in touch with(接触) other people. It’s easier to make friends when you have similar interests.‎ Don’t be afraid to show people what you’re really good at. Talk about the things you like and do best. People will be interested in you if there is something interesting about you.‎ Look at people in the eye when you talk to them. That way, they’ll find it easier to talk to you, or people may think you’re not interested in them and may stop being interested in you.‎ Be a good listener. Let people talk about themselves before talking about “me, me, me”. Ask lots of questions. Show an interest in their answers.‎ Try to make friends with the kind of people you really like, respect (尊敬), and admire (羡慕)—not just with those who are easy to meet. Be friendly with a lot of people. That way, you’ll have a bigger group of people to choose from and have more chances for making friends.‎ ‎1. How can we have more friends, get in touch with other people or stay at home?‎ ‎2. When Jim talks to people, he always looks right, left, or at the floor. Do you think it’s right? Why or why not?‎ ‎3. Cindy always talks about herself when she talks to other people. What advice (it’80 do you think she needs to follow?‎ ‎4. What should you do if you want to have more chances for making friends?‎ ‎5. What’s the main idea of the passage?‎ ‎(2)‎ Thanksgiving Day is a very special day for people in the United States. They celebrate it on the last Thursday in November. Canadians also celebrate Thanksgiving Day, but they do it on the second Monday of October. In Britain, where this festival is called Harvest Festival, people celebrate it earlier in the year, in September.‎ A harvest is the fruit you take from the trees and the crops you take from the ground. In North America and Britain, harvest time for most fruit and crops is in the autumn. In these countries and other Christian places, people give thanks to God on a special day of the year. They thank God for the good things that have happened during the year and for the good harvest they have had. People usually take small boxes of fruit, flowers, and vegetables to their churches to show their thanks.‎ The first thanksgiving service (仪式) in North America took place on December 4th, 1619 when 38 English people, arrived in America to make their home in the new country. They held this service not to thank God for the harvest, but to thank God for their safe journeys. The next year, many more English people arrived. They had a bad winter, but fortunately the harvest was good. they decided to celebrate it with a big meal. They shot and killed small animals to eat and cooked everything outside on large fires. About 90 Indians also came to the meal. Everyone ate at tables outside their houses and played games together. The festival lasted three days.‎ A Thanksgiving Day celebration was held every year for a long time, but not always on the same day of the year. Then, in 1789, President George Washington named November 26th as the Day of Thanksgiving. In 1863, President Abraham Lincoln changed the date, and said that the last Thursday in November should be Thanksgiving Day.‎ Nowadays, North Americans around the world get together with their families on this day to eat good food and have a happy time.‎ ‎1. Is Thanksgiving Day celebrated on the same day in North American countries?‎ ‎2. When did the first thanksgiving service take place in North America?‎ ‎3. Who made the last Thursday in November Thanksgiving Day in the USA?‎ ‎4. What does the word “fortunately” mean in Chinese?‎ ‎5. Translate the sentence "They thank God for the good things that have happened during the year and for the good harvest they have had." into Chinese.‎ ‎ ‎ ‎(3)‎ Reading‎ for pleasure is the easiest way to become a better reader in English. It is also the most important way.‎ Some students say they don’t want to read for pleasure. They say they want to use their time to learn the rules of the language and new words. They say that pleasure reading is too easy.‎ Many experts (专家) say pleasure reading is very important for learning English. Dr. Stephen Krashen, a famous expert on learning languages, says that pleasure reading helps you learn many important things about English. Students learn more grammar and more words when they read for pleasure. They also learn more about good writing.‎ Dr. Krashen tells us that pleasure reading helps each student in a different way. Each student needs to learn something different. Pleasure reading makes it possible for each student to learn what he or she needs.‎ Reading‎ for pleasure is not the same as studying. When you read for pleasure, you choose your own books, and you don’t have to remember everything. There are no tests on your pleasure reading books. Pleasure reading will help you:‎ ‎●learn how English speakers use English ‎●read faster in English ‎●find examples of good writing in English ‎●learn new words ‎●learn about the cultures (文化) of English speakers ‎1. Is pleasure reading important for learning English?‎ ‎2. Which is the easier way to become a better reader, pleasure reading or studying?‎ ‎3. What do some students think of pleasure reading?‎ ‎4. How can we become better readers?‎ ‎5. What’s the greatest advantage (优点) of pleasure reading?‎ ‎【答案及解析】‎ ‎(1)‎ ‎1. Get in touch with other people.回答选择问句不能用Yes或No来回答，而是从选项中选择一项进行回答。本题答案由第1段前两句可知。‎ ‎2. No. / I don’t think so. Because people may think he’s not interested in them. / Because he should look at people in the eye. / Because it’s impolite / not polite 可在第3段找到答案。‎ ‎3. Be a good listener. / Let people talk about themselves before talking about “her, her, her.” / Listen to other people first 可根据第4段的内容来回答。‎ ‎4. Be friendly with other (a lot of) people. / Try to make friends with the kind of people you really like, respect and admire—not just with those who are easy to meet. / Get out to meet other people.‎ ‎5. How to make friends / To make friends / Make friends. / Making friends根据首尾段即可概括出。‎ ‎(2)‎ ‎1. No, it isn’t. 回答一般疑问句用Yes或No回答。‎ ‎2. On December 4th, 1619. 细节题。见第3段第一句。‎ ‎3. President Abraham Lincoln 细节题。见第4段最后一句。‎ ‎4. 幸运地　词义猜测题。根据前后的转折关系可推测出。‎ ‎5.翻译：他们感谢上帝在这一年中赐给他们的好运和给他们带来的好收成。‎ ‎(3)‎ ‎1. Yes, it is. 由文章的第1段第2句可知。‎ ‎2. Pleasure reading. 根据最后一段的内容可知。‎ ‎3. It’s too easy. / It’s not useful / helpful / important.　根据第2段的内容回答。‎ ‎4. Do pleasure reading.　由第1段第1句可知。‎ ‎5. We can learn what we need.由第4段可知。‎ 表格式阅读理解题3篇 ‎ ‎ ‎ 阅读下列短文，然后根据短文的内容，从A、B、C、D四个选项中选出一个最佳选项。‎ ‎(1)‎ ‎ ‎ Monday Tuesday Wednesday Thursday Friday ‎8:00—8:45‎ Maths Chinese English Maths Chinese ‎8:55—9:40‎ English Maths Chinese Chinese Computer ‎10:0—10:45‎ Art Physics Biology Politics Computer ‎10:5—11:40‎ P.E.‎ English Maths Chemistry English ‎1:00—1:45‎ History Geography Physics History Maths ‎2:00—2:45‎ Music Chemistry P.E.‎ English Biology ‎2:55—3:40‎ Chinese Class Meeting Politics Chinese Geography ‎1. You have an art class on ______.‎ A. Monday B. Tuesday C. Wednesday D. Thursday ‎2. You have ______ Chinese classes every week.‎ A. 3 B. ‎4 ‎C. 5 D. 6‎ ‎3. How long will you rest for lunch-time?‎ A. 60 minutes B. 70 minutes C. 80 minutes D. 90 minutes ‎4. You have ______classes only on Monday and Wednesday?‎ A. art B. music C. biology D. P.E.‎ ‎5. You can send and receive e-mail from ______to ______ in computer class on Friday.‎ A. 8:00; 9:00 B. 8:55; 10:‎45 ‎C. 10:00; 11:40 D. 2:00; 3:40‎ ‎ ‎ ‎(2)‎ Huaihua Foreign ‎Language‎ ‎School Lin Nan, Teacher of English Yingfeng Street‎, Huaihua, ‎China Tel:0745-2709348 Fax:0745-2709756‎ E-mail: Linan@21cn.com Bp:1240822018Zip code:418000‎ Daqing Children’s Hospital Liu Hong, Doctor ‎12 Xingling Road‎, Changchun, ‎Jilin‎ 130027‎ Tel:0431-5645972‎ ‎13704358529(mobile) ‎ Fax:0431-5768904 E-mail:cclh@163.com ‎ ‎ Red Star Farm Zhang Hui, Farmer Shangping Village‎, ‎Zhejiang‎, 419100‎ Tel: 0745-6826194‎ ‎13973098479(mobile) ‎ Bp:1270803706‎ ‎ ‎ Tiantai Taxi Company Yang Jun, Driver ‎235St. Tongzhi, ‎Hangzhou‎, Zhejiang ‎‎31007‎ Tel:0571-7038385 Fax:0571-7065834‎ E-mail:hzyi@163.com Bp:1992301636‎ ‎ ‎ ‎1. We can learn English from ______.‎ A. Yang Jun B. Zhang Hui C. Liu Hong D. Li Nan ‎2. You may telephone ______ for help if your grandmother is ill.‎ A. Yang Jun B. Zhang Hui C. Liu Hong D. Li Nan ‎3. We can call ______ when we want to take a taxi to Hangzhou Railway Station.‎ A. 13973098479 B. 0745‎-2709348 ‎ C. 1992301636 D. 13704358529‎ ‎4. Of the four, we can’t send fax to the ______.‎ A. driver B. teacher C. doctor D. farmer ‎5. If you have some questions about your health, please send an E-mail to ______.‎ A. Linan@21cn.com B. cclh@163.com C. hzyi@163.com D. hhmx@163.com ‎(3)‎ Driver Wanted Drive for busy restaurant some evening and weekend work All meals are free Ring 33335678‎ House for ‎Sale ‎￥150, 000, built in 1995‎ The house with 3 bedrooms, a bathroom, a living room, a kitchen and a breakfast room. It’s on the south side of the city Yingbin Supermarket, the biggest Rose’s Special Concert ‎ shopping centre in our city will open on July 8, 2005. Everybody with today’s Tianjin Daily will get a small present that day. You are wellcome.‎ Tel: 27984321‎ Add: No.6 Huanghe Road‎ ‎tianjin Daily June 1, 2005‎ Time: 2 p.m., July 3, Saturday Place: People’s Statium Ticket Price:‎ RMB: 150 yuan for adults;‎ ‎70 yuan for students June 25, 2005‎ ‎1. If you work as a driver in the restaurant, you may ______.‎ A. never pay for meals B. pay a little for meals ‎ C. work on weekends D. work in the afternoon ‎2. If you buy the house, you ______.‎ A. may pay more than ￥150, 000 for it B. must have breakfast in the kitchen C. have to take a bath in the public bathroom D. may live on the south side of the city ‎3. Any customer with a Tianjin Daily of June 1, 2005 will get a small present from ______.‎ A. every supermarket B. Huanghe Road ‎ C. Tianjin Daily D. Yingbin Supermarket ‎4. When will the concert be?‎ A. Julu1, 2005 B. June 8, 2005‎ C. July 3, 2005 D. June 25, 2005‎ ‎5. If two adults and two students want to go to the concert, the tickets will cost RMB______.‎ A. 220 yuan B. 440 yuan C. 270 yuan D. 370 yuan ‎ ‎ ‎【答案及解析】‎ ‎(1)‎ ‎1. A 细节题。在课表中搜寻art，在Monday的第3节课10:00—10:45找到。‎ ‎2. D 细节题。在课表中数每天的Chinese课可知共6节。‎ ‎3.C.计算题。从11:40到1:00共休息80分种。‎ ‎4. D 细节题。只有星期一和星期三有但其他几天里没有的只是体育课。‎ ‎5. B 细节题。星期五的第一节电脑课开始是8:55，第二节电脑课结束是10:45。‎ ‎(2)‎ ‎1. D 事实细节题。因为我们可以在第１排第１张卡片上寻找到Li Nan,Teacher of English。‎ ‎2. C事实细节题。因为我们可以在第１排第2张卡片上寻找到Liu Hong, Doctor。‎ ‎3. C事实细节题。因为我们可以在第2排第2张卡片上寻找到答案。‎ ‎4. D事实细节题。在四张卡片中搜寻fax，发现第２排第１张的Zhang Hui, Farmer中没有fax。‎ ‎5. B事实细节题。因为有关健康(health) 问题，当然是找医院的医生Liu Hong，其E-mail就是cclh@163.com。‎ ‎(3)‎ ‎1. A 细节题。由在Driver Wanted栏中找到的All meals are free可知。2. D 细节题。答案A错在more than；因专有a breakfast room.，排除B；又因有a bathroom，无需去the public bathroom，排除C。由最后一句可知D正确。‎ ‎3. D 推测题。因这是Yingbin Supermarket在Tianjin Daily上的广告。4. D 细节题。由Rose’s Special Concert栏的最后一行可知。‎ ‎5. B 计算题。150×2+70×2=440。‎ 判断正误型阅读理解题2篇 ‎ ‎ ‎ 根据下面一篇短文的内容判断下列句子的正误，正确的用“A”表示，错误的用“B”表示。‎ ‎ ‎ ‎(1)‎ Miss Grey lived in a small house. She was old and did not like noise at all, so she was very pleased when her noisy neighbor moved out. A young man moved in and Miss Grey thought the man seemed to be quiet.‎ But at three o’clock the next morning, the noise of a dog woke her up. She thought she had never heard a dog there before. It must be the young man’s dog. So she telephoned the young man, said something bad about the dog and then hung up the telephone before he could answer. Nothing more happened until three o’clock the next morning. Then Miss Grey’s telephone rang, and when she answered, a voice said, “You telephoned me twenty-four hours ago. Now I’ve rung you up to say that I haven’t a dog.”‎ ‎1. Miss Grey felt sorry when her noisy neighbour moved out. ‎ ‎2. Miss Grey’s new neighbour was as noisy as the old one. ‎ ‎3. Some noise woke her up in the early morning. ‎ ‎4. She thought the new neighbour had brought a dog with him. ‎ ‎5. The young man rang up Miss Grey in the early morning, because he wanted to punish(惩罚) her.‎ ‎ ‎ ‎(2)‎ Yesterday evening, when I went to town with my mother, we met a strange old man. It was raining hard and we had no umbrella(伞). We were trying to get into a taxi when he came up to us. He was carrying a nice umbrella and he said that he would give it to us for only a pound. He had forgotten his wallet, he said, needed taxi-fare(出租汽车费) to go back home. My mother didn’t believe what he had said at first, and asked him a lot of questions. But the old man didn’t get into a taxi. We followed(跟随) him and found he went into a pub(小酒店) and bought himself a glass of whiskey (威士忌) with the pound. After he drank it, he put on his hat and took up one of the many wet umbrellas there and went off with the new one. Soon after that, he sold it again.‎ ‎1. The old man sold an umbrella to the writer and her mother.‎ ‎2. He gave it to them for only a pound because he had forgotten his wallet and needed taxi fare to go back home.‎ ‎3. The umbrella was worth more than one pound.‎ ‎4. The old man sold his own umbrella.‎ ‎5. He was an honest man.‎ ‎【答案及解析】‎ ‎(1)‎ ‎1. B 细节题。由第1段第2句中so she was very pleased when her noisy neighbor moved out可知。‎ ‎2. B 细节题。由seemed to be quiet等可知。‎ ‎3. A 细节题。由第2段第1句the noise of a dog woke her up可知。‎ ‎4. A 细节题。由第2段的第2、3句可知。‎ ‎5. A 推断题。她头天打电话来骂他时，尽管他来不及说话她挂了电话，但也可打过去或者第二天某个时候打给她，说他没有狗。而要等24小时后的凌晨3点才打电话告诉她，这不是故意惩罚她吗？‎ ‎(2)‎ ‎1. A 推理判断题。虽然文中不可直接找到答案，但由后文的bought himself a glass of whiskey (威士忌) with the pound.中pound前用的是the(那) 和he sold it again中的again(又)可推断出，作者和他母亲买了那个老人的伞。‎ ‎2. B 事实细节题。由文中所述这个老人收钱后并没乘taxi回家，而是去pub喝酒可知。‎ ‎3. A 推理判断题。他要将伞卖给作者时说for only a pound中的only可以推断，那把伞不只值１英镑。‎ ‎4. B推理判断题。这个老头先卖给了作者一把伞，可是他喝酒后又took up one of the many wet umbrellas there，并将其很快卖掉，由此推断卖的并不是他自己的伞，而是别的人伞。‎ ‎5. B推理判断题。这个老人原来说卖伞乘taxi回家，事实上是上pub喝酒，后来又拿别的雨伞去卖掉，由此可推断他是不诚实的。‎ 中考英语阅读理解实例分析（四篇）‎ ‎ ‎ ‎【实例一】‎ Most people want to work, but it has become more difficult in today’s world to find work for everyone. The economy (经济) of the world needs to grow by 4% each year just to keep the old number of jobs for people. Often this is not possible, and so more people are out of work. Some people have no jobs now because new machines can do the work of many people in short time. Also, machines do not ask for more money and longer holiday. In all of the countries of the world, machines are taking work from people, not only in factories but also on the farms. One machine can often do the work from forty people. About 75,000 people are moving to the cities a day to look for jobs, but only 70% of them can find jobs.‎ ‎1. It was _______ for people to find work before than today.‎ A. not possible B. difficult C. more difficult D. easier ‎2. If the economy of the world grows by 4% each year, _______.‎ A. people will have no jobs B. people can still have jobs as before C. 4% of the people will have jobs D. 97% of the people will have jobs ‎3. One machine can do as much work as _______.‎ A. 40% of the people B. 4% of the people in the world C. 40 people D. 75,000 people ‎4. How many people outside cities go into to look for jobs each day?‎ A. 70% of the people. B. 4% of the people in the world.‎ C. More than 75,000. D. About 75,000 people. ‎ ‎5. Which of the following is NOT true?‎ A. Machines are taking work instead of people.‎ B. Now more people are out of work.‎ C. Machines need more money and longer holidays.‎ D. Most people want to have jobs.‎ ‎【答案及解析】‎ ‎1. 由短文的第一句话It has become more difficult in today’s world to find work for everyone. 可知现在找工作比以前更困难，即以前找工作比现在容易得多。所以答案选D。‎ ‎2. 由短文的第二句话The economy of the world needs to grow by 4% each year just to keep the old number of jobs for the people. 准确地理解了这一句话的意思就能得出正确答案为B。‎ ‎3. 由短文的倒数第二句话One machine can often do the work of forty people.可知此题的正确答案为C。‎ ‎4. 此题根据原文的最后一句话可直接得出答案为D。‎ ‎5. 此题在原文中都可找到答案，而C答案与作者的观点Machines do not ask for more money and longer holiday.不一致，所以选C。‎ ‎ ‎ ‎【实例二】‎ A young man once went into town and bought himself a pair of trousers. When he got home, he went upstairs to his bedroom and put them on. He found that they were about two inches too long. ‎ He came downstairs, where his mother and his two sisters were washing up tea things in the kitchen. “These new trousers are too long.” He said. “ They need shortening (缩短)by about two inches. Would one of you mind doing this for me, please?” His mother and sisters were busy and none of them said anything.‎ But as soon as his mother had finished washing up, she went quietly upstairs to her son’s bedroom and shortened the trousers by two inches. She came downstairs without saying anything to her daughters. ‎ Later on, after supper, the elder sister remembered her brother’s trousers. She was a kind-hearted girl, so she went quietly upstairs without saying anything to anyone, and shortened the trousers by two inches. ‎ The younger sister went to the cinema, but when she came back, she , too, remembered what her brother had said. So she ran upstairs and took two inches off the legs of the new trousers. ‎ ‎1. The young man bought the new trousers _______ his size.‎ A. as long as B. two inches longer than ‎ C. as big as D. two inches shorter than ‎ ‎2. He asked _______ to shorten his new trousers. ‎ A. his mother and sisters B. his two sisters C. his elder sister D. his mother and one of his sisters ‎ ‎3. His mother and sisters ________. ‎ A. agreed to do that B. didn’t want to do that C. said nothing to him D. said something to him ‎4. His elder sister shortened the trousers ________. ‎ A. after finished washing B. before she went to bed C. when she came back from the cinema D. after having supper ‎5. The next morning the young man would find the trousers were _______. ‎ A. two inches shorter B. four inches shorter ‎ C. six inches shorter D. eight inches shorter ‎【答案及解析】‎ ‎1. B. 第一段的最后一句He found that they were about two inches too long. ‎ ‎2. A. 年轻人提出缩短裤子的要求，这个要求是向在场的妈妈和他的两个姐妹提出的。‎ ‎3. C. 因当时妈妈和姐妹俩都忙于干活，所以当时都没有回答他的话。‎ ‎4. D. 从第四段的原句(Later on, after supper, the elder sister remembered her brother’s trousers)中我们可知是晚饭后去把裤子缩短了。‎ ‎5. C. 通读全文，知道有三人把裤子各缩短了两英寸，那么总共缩短了六英寸。‎ ‎ ‎ ‎【实例三】‎ When you are learning English, you find it not clever to put an English sentence, word for word, into your own language. Take the sentence “ How do you do?” as an example. If you look up each word in the dictionary, one at a time, what is your translation? It must be a wrong sentence in your own language. ‎ Languages do not just have different sounds, they are different in many ways. It’s important to master(掌握) the rules(规则) for word order in the study of English, too. If the speaker puts words in a wrong order, the listener can’t understand the speaker’s sentence easily. Sometimes when the order of words in an English sentence is changed, the meaning of the sentence changes, But sometimes the order is changed, the meaning of the sentence doesn’t change. Let’s see the difference between the two pairs of sentences. ‎ ‎“She only likes apples.”‎ ‎“Only she likes apples.”‎ ‎“I have seen the film already.”‎ ‎“I have already seen the film.”‎ When you are learning English, you must do your best to get the spirit(精神实质) of the language and use it as the English speaker does. ‎ ‎1. From the passage we know that _______when we are learning English. ‎ A. we shouldn’t put every word into our own language B. we should look up every word in the dictionary C. we need to put every word into our own language D. we must read word by word ‎2. The writer thinks it is _______ in learning English. ‎ A. difficult to understand different sounds B. possible to remember the word order C. important to master the rules in different ways D. easy to master the rules for word order ‎3. We can learn from the passage that ________. ‎ A. the meaning of an English sentence always changes with the order of the words B. The order of words can never change the meaning of an English sentence C. sometimes different order of words has a different meaning D. if the order of words is different, the meaning of the sentence must be different ‎4. “She only likes apples.” ________. ‎ A. is the same as “Only she likes apples.” ‎ B. is different from “Only she likes apples.” ‎ C. means “She likes fruit except apples.”‎ D. means “She doesn’t like apples.”‎ ‎5. Which is the best title (标题) for this passage? ‎ A. Different Orders, Different Meanings ‎ B. How to Speak English C. How to Put English into Our Own Language ‎ D. How to Learn English ‎【答案及解析】‎ ‎1. A. 从整篇文章我们知道，在学习英语翻译句子时，我们不能逐字逐词译成母语，这样做是不明智的，结果是译成错误的句子。‎ ‎2. B. 从文章中的第二段的这一句中It’s important to master the rules for word order in the study of English, too. 可知B项为正确答案。‎ ‎3. C. 从文章所举的两组例子和原句Sometimes when the order of words in an English sentence is changed, the meaning of the sentence changes. 说明了作者的这一观点：有时，不同的词序会有不同的意思。‎ ‎4. B. She only likes apples. only在这句中修饰动词likes，意为“她只喜欢苹果，而不喜欢吃其它水果”。Only she likes apples. only在此句中修饰主语she，意为“只有她喜欢苹果，而其他人就不一定喜欢吃苹果了。”所以正确答案是B。‎ ‎5. D. 从整篇文章可以看出其大意是“怎样学习英语？”，把它作为标题应该是最佳的。‎ ‎【实例四】‎ A cheap sweater Mr. Ford saw a nice sweater in the shop window. It was very cheap. So he bought one. ‎ When he went back home he put the sweater on, It was all right and he was pleased with it. ‎ In the afternoon he went out to work in his garden. It soon began to rain, and Mr. Ford had to run into his house. He ran quickly, but he still got wet. ‎ Then his sweater started to shrink. It got smaller and smaller. Mr. Ford tried to take it off, but he couldn’t. ‎ In the end, with the help of his wife, he got out of the sweater. Mrs. Ford laughed, “ You see, you bought a cheap thing, but…”‎ 阅读短文，然后根据文章内容判断下列各句是否正确，对的用“T”、错误的用“F”表示。‎ ‎1. Mr. Ford bought the sweater because it was very nice and cheap. ‎ ‎2. “Shrink” here means “become smaller”. ‎ ‎3. Mr. Ford was not good at buying things. ‎ ‎4. Mr. Ford put the sweater on as soon as he bought it. ‎ ‎5. Mr. Ford took off the sweater by himself. ‎ ‎【答案与解的】‎ ‎1. T. 第1小题的句意与文章的第1自然段意思相同，所以符合短文内容。‎ ‎2. T. 从文章的第四自然段可知shrink的意思就是become smaller。所以符合短文内容。‎ ‎3. T. Ford先生上午买的衣服下午穿在身上被雨水打湿后就缩小变形了，由此可知Ford先生不擅长买东西。‎ ‎4. F. 从文章中的When he went back home he put the sweater on.可知, 他是买了带回家才穿的。所以第四小题与短文内容不相符合。‎ ‎5. F. 从文章的最后一段可知他是在妻子的帮助下才把衣服给脱下来的。所以与短文内容不相符合。‎ ‎“先题后文”阅读方法说明 关于“先题后文”，同学们运用此法时要注意：‎ ‎1. 先读题时只能是读其问题或题干，而不能读问题后的选项，否则不仅浪费时间，而且也无法记住众多答案所表达的众多信息。‎ ‎2. 在读了题之后，要把这些问题记在心里，并带着这些问题去阅读短文，关于这一点考生是要经过反复的训练才能形成能力的，因为短文后的这些问题本身所表达的信息并不象短文那样有情节，也不象短文那样连贯，所以有不少同学在开始试用这种方法时，往往先读了题之后(尤其是当问题较多时)再读短文时，又忘记是什么问题了。‎ ‎3. 带着问题读短文时，对短文中出现的那些与问题有关的词句，你可以用一支铅笔在短文中作些记号，以便为下一步选择作好准备，但也要注意不要每读到一个与问题有关的信息点就停下来去对照后面的问题，因为这样转来转去要耽误一些时间，另一方面有些问题往往要通过对短文的全面了解才能作出结论，而不能仅仅从一、二个信息点作出判断。‎ ‎4. 带着问题读完短文之后，接着便是选择理解题的答案。虽然你是带着问题去阅读短文的，但也并不是说你在阅读时带去的问题全部得到了答案，也可能有些还没有把握(尤其是一些主观理解题)，这时你同样要带着这些“疑题”去跳读短文(具体做法参见上面的“先文后题”的有关说明)。‎ 中考英语阅读理解主观性考题 根据短文内容，完成下列句子或短文，每空填一个英语单词。‎ ‎(1)‎ One day, Mr White told the class to get ready for a hobby show. All the students had the whole morning to get what they were going to show.‎ All the students came back on time except Bob, the laziest boy in his classmates’ eyes. It was very difficult to believe that such a boy could have a hobby. But to their surprise, Bob came back with many beautiful stamps in his hand. Mr White was very happy after watching them. However, Bob was going to take them back.‎ ‎“Bob, you can’t take them back until the others watch them this afternoon,” said Mr White.‎ ‎“But I’m sorry they are my brother’s,” he answered. “He doesn’t want them to be out of our home for long. He’s afraid that they will be lost.”‎ ‎“Bob, you should show your own hobby here, not someone else’s” Mr White became a bit angry.‎ But Bob’s following words made him even angrier. “Mr White, it’s true that I have a hobby. My hobby is watching my brother collecting stamps.”‎ ‎1. All the students ______ the whole morning in ______ready for the hobby show.‎ ‎2. Bob was so______ that his classmates didn’t ______ he could have a hobby.‎ ‎3. When Bob ______ to his classroom, he brought many beautiful ______.‎ ‎4. The things in ______ hand were ______ his but his brother’s.‎ ‎5. Bob thought he ______ a “hobby”. He liked ______ his brother collecting.‎ ‎(2)‎ John,‎ I’ll be home late tonight. I have to stay for a business meeting after work. Will you please pick up my jacket from the dry cleaner? The children are at Mother’s. Pick them up there. Could you give them their bath and make dinner for them? Don’t wait for me for dinner. I don’t know what time the meeting will end. And please don’t forget to buy some bread, milk and a little fuller at the supermarket. We don’t have any.‎ Love,‎ Sue This is a (1) ______ from Sue to John. Sue is John’s (2) ______. One day Sue had to stay for a meeting and couldn’t go home for (3) ______. The children were at their (4) ______ home. So Sue wrote to tell John to do some (5) ______. He would go and get the children (6) ______ first then he would (7) ______ some bread, milk and (8) ______ the children to take a bath. She didn’t tell John how long the meeting would (9) ______ because she didn’t (10) ______ when the meeting would be over.‎ ‎(3)‎ I will never forget the lesson which Mr Li gave us. One day Mr Li was speaking to us in our school meeting room. He began his speech by holding up a ¥100 bill. He asked, “Who would like this ¥ 100 bill?” Most of us put up our hands quickly. Then he said, “I am going to give this ¥ 100 to one of you, but first let me do this.” He then made the bill into a ball and said, “Who wants it now?” We raised our hands again. But he said, “Wait a moment.” He then dropped it on the floor and stepped on it. After that, he picked up the dirty bill and said, “Who still wants it?” Many hands were still up. “My friends,” he said, “you have learned a valuable lesson today. No matter what I did to the money, you still wanted it because it did not go down in value. It was still worth ¥100!”‎ ‎“We always lose many chances we take in our lives.” He went on speaking, “We feel as if we are worth nothing. But remember, no matter what has happened to you, you will never lose your value, you are always valuable to those people who love you. Your value doesn’t come from what you do or who you know, but WHO YOU ARE.”‎ ‎“You are special and valuable. Don’t ever forget it!”‎ ‎1. The writer will never forget the lesson which ______.‎ ‎2. After Mr Li made the bill______, he asked who wanted it.‎ ‎3. No matter what Mr Li had done to the bill, the students still wanted it because they knew that ______.‎ ‎4. When people lose many chances in their lives, they feel______.‎ ‎5. From the story we learn that if we are in trouble, ______.‎ ‎【答案及解析】‎ ‎(1)‎ 本文是个幽默故事，怀特先生叫全班学生展示自己的业余爱好，懒惰的Bob意外地带来了许多邮票。经老师盘问才知邮票是他哥哥集的，他的业余爱好就是爱他哥哥集邮。答案为：1. spent, getting 2. lazy, think / believe 3. returned, stamps 4.Bob’s, not 5.had, watching ‎(2)‎ 此题考查考生对日常生活中便条的理解及转述的能力。1. note / message 2. wife 从便条中The children are at Mother’s句及后文叫对方去接孩子并给孩子洗澡等内容可判断。3. dinner / supper 4. grandmother’s / grandfather’s / grandparents’5. housework 购物和照料孩子等都属家务活。6. back / home 7. buy / get 8. help 9. last / be 注意last可与时间段连用表示“延续”多久。10. know ‎(3)‎ ‎1. was given by Mr Li / Mr Li gave them ‎2. into a ball / dirty / into a ball and then dropped it on the floor and stepped on it ‎3. it didn’t go down in value / it was still worth ¥100‎ ‎4. as if they are worth nothing / sad / unhappy / disappointed / unlucky ‎5. we should never give up / lose our heart / we should believe ourselves / try our best again / we’ll never lose our value again (because we are always valuable to those people who love us) / we are still special and valuable 如何应对阅读理解中的细节题和推理题 一、做细节事实题的方法 在阅读理解题目中，有相当一部分是考查细节和事实的题目。这类题目相对容易一些。这些题目有两个共同特点：(1) 凡属针对特定细节的考题，其正确答案大都可以在阅读材料中找到对应的文字部分作为验证。这一部分可能是一个词或短语，也可能是一个句子或相关的若干句子，但句式、用词和表达方式不同。(2) 干扰项往往是主体思想与细节混杂，正确答案细节和非正确答案的细节混杂，甚至真假混杂。因此，要做好阅读理解中的确定细节和事实的题目，一要在文章中找出相应的信息点，二要排除干扰项。‎ 二、做推理判断题的方法 所谓推断，就是根据阅读材料中所提供的信息，推断出未知的信息。即把有关的文字作为已知部分，从中推断出未知部分。据以推断的有关文字可能是词或句子，也可能是若干句子，甚至是全文。中考英语试题中的推断题主要有以下几种：‎ ‎1．事实推断 这种推断常常针对某一个或几个具体细节，是比较简单的推断。进行这种推断，要首先在文章中找出据以推断的有关文字，然后加以分析，尤其要悟出字里行间的意思。例如：‎ According to the passage, which of the following can you most possibly watch on TV?‎ A. You often play football with your friends after school.‎ B. Your teacher has got a cold.‎ C. A tiger in the city zoo has run out and hasn’t been caught.‎ D. The bike in front of your house is lost.‎ 在阅读材料中，有这样一段文字：‎ Secondly, a news story has to be interesting and unusual. People don’t want to read stories about everyday life. As a result, many stories are about some kind of danger and seem to be “bad” news.‎ 根据这段文字，我们可以推断：电视报道的新闻故事必须是有趣的和不平常的。因此，正确答案应为C。‎ ‎2．指代推断 确定代词的含义和指代对象是阅读理解题常见的题目。要确定指代词所指代的对象，关键在于对所在上下文的正确理解。指代名词的指代词，其单复数形式英语被指代的词一致，因此数的形式可作为识别指代对象第一个辅助标志。‎ ‎3．逻辑推断 这类题目往往是要求根据文章所提供的背景，人物的表情，动作和语言来推断出人物的态度或感觉。‎ ‎4．对作者的意图和态度的推断 这一类考题大都要求考生就作者对论述对象持什么样的态度做出推断，如作者对所陈述的观点是赞同、反对，还是犹豫不定，对记述或描写的人、物或事件是赞颂、同情、冷漠，还是厌恶。作者的这种思想倾向和感情色彩不一定直接表述出来，而往往隐含在字里行间。因此，进行这种推断时，我们既要依靠短文的主题思想作为推力的前提，又要注意作者的措辞，尤其是形容词一类的修饰语。‎ 中考英语阅读理解模拟考题（有解析）‎ 阅读下列短文，然后根据短文的内容，从A、B、C、D四个选项中选出一个最佳选项。‎ ‎(1)‎ We are already familiar with computers—computers work for us at home, in offices and in factories. But it is also true that many children today are using computers at schools before they can write. What does this mean for the future? Are these children lucky or not?‎ Many people who do not know about computers think of them as machines that children play with. They worry that children do not learn from experience but just from pressing a button and that this is not good for them. They think that children are growing not knowing about the real world.‎ But people who understand more about computers say that computers can be very good for children. A computer can help them to learn about the real world more quickly, to learn what they want to learn and think for themselves. And for the future, don’t we need people who can think clearly, who know how to get information quickly and use it well? What do you think?‎ ‎1. “To be familiar with” means to ______.‎ A. know nothing B. know about C. dislike D. like ‎2. Does everyone think computers are good for children?‎ A. Yes, they do. B. No, not everyone thinks so.‎ C. They don’t know. D. They are not sure.‎ ‎3. What can computers help children to do?‎ A. To think clearly, to do homework and to write. B. To play games, to do math and to copy.‎ C. To think clearly, to get information and to use it well. D. To count, to clean the house and to get information.‎ ‎4. Does the writer think computer is a good thing?‎ A. It isn’t mentioned. B. No, he doesn’t think so. C. He doesn’t know. D. Yes, he does.‎ ‎(2)‎ Light travels at a speed which is about a million times faster than the speed of sound. You can get some idea of this difference by watching the start of a race. If you stand some distance away from the starter, you can see smoke from his gun before the sound reaches your ears.‎ This great speed of light produces some strange facts. Sunlight takes about 8 minutes to reach us. If you look at the light of the moon tonight, remember that the light rays left the moon 1.3 seconds before they reached you. The nearest star is so far away that the light that you can see from it tonight started to travel towards you four years ago at a speed of nearly 2 million km. per minute. In some cases, the light from one of tonight’s stars had started on its journey to you before you were born.‎ Thus, if we want to be honest, we can’t say, “The stars are shining tonight.” We have to say instead, “The stars look pretty. They were shining four years ago, but their light has only just reached the earth.”‎ ‎1. Light speed is ______ sound speed A. as fast as B. a million times slower than C. about millions of times faster than D. about a million times faster than ‎2. If you stand 200 metres away from a man who is firing a gun to start a race, you will find out that ______.‎ A. you can hear the sound before you see the smoke B. the sound does not travel as fast as light C. the sound will reach you before the man fires D. sound travels about a million times faster than light ‎3. Sunlight obviously (明显地) ______ than the light of the moon A. has to travel a greater distance B. moves less quickly C. travels much more quickly D. is less powerful(有力的) ‎ ‎4. The scientific way of saying "The stars are shining tonight" should be ______.‎ A. the stars have been shining all the time B. the stars seen tonight will shine four years later C. the stars were shining long ago but seen tonight D. the starlight seen today could be seen four years ago ‎(3)‎ Mary’s plan for next week Monday ‎7:30 go to the cinema with ‎Alice Tuesday ‎11:00 doctor Wednesday ‎9:00 table tennis game evening-study for exam Thursday ‎8:30 concert Friday Afternoon—help Uncle Sam in his restaurant Saturday ‎9:00—10:30 art class 14:00 visit grandmother Sunday ‎8:00 supper with Betty and Ann Peter’s plan for next week Monday study group meeting 3:00 p.m.‎ Tuesday basketball match 4:30 p.m.‎ Wednesday go to see some friends 2:00 p.m.‎ Thursday noon, lunch with Larry Friday ‎2:00—4:00 p.m. volunteer(志愿者) work @ Student Centre Saturday Shopping 10:‎00 a.m.‎ Sunday Basketball team party 9:00 p.m.‎ ‎1. Peter’s study group meeting will be on ______.‎ A. Saturday morning B. Monday afternoon C. Saturday evening D. Friday afternoon ‎2. From Peter’s plan we learn that Peter likes ______.‎ A. table tennis B. music C. art D. basketball ‎3. On Sunday morning Mary will ______.‎ A. be free B. be busy C. see the doctor D. go shopping ‎4. What will Mary do on Wednesday evening?‎ A. See her friends B. Play basketball C. Go to her art class D. Prepare for an exam ‎【答案及解析】‎ ‎(1)‎ ‎1. B 词义猜测题。由破折号后的解释“电脑在家里、办公室、工厂都为我们工作”当然我们就已经“了解”电脑了。‎ ‎2. B 事实细节题。第２段是说不太了解电脑的人认为电脑对小孩不好，而第３段则说那些懂电脑的人认为电脑对小孩有益，因此，并不是每个人都认为电脑对小孩有益。‎ ‎3. C 事实细节题。由最后一段，特别是倒数第２个问句可知。‎ ‎4. D 推理判断题。从最后一段可推断出作者的观点是“计算机是件好东西”。‎ ‎ ‎ ‎(2)‎ ‎1. D 事实细节题。由第1段第1句可知。‎ ‎2. B 推理判断题。由第1段最后一句推出。‎ ‎3. A 推理判断题。由第2段的第2句(太阳光到达地球需要8分钟) 和第3句(月光到达地球仅需1.3秒) 可推出(太阳光走过的距离明显远于月光)。‎ ‎4. C 推理判断题。由最后一段的最后一句They were shining four years ago, but their light has only just reached the earth可推出。‎ ‎(3)‎ ‎1. B 细节题。在Peter的计划中找group meeting可找到星期一下午3点。‎ ‎2. D 推断题。根据他的计划表中星期二他要参加篮球赛，星期天又篮球队聚会可以推断出。‎ ‎3. A 推断题。因为在Mary的计划表中，星期日上午没有安排，由此可以推断：她星期日上午有空。‎ ‎4. D 细节题。在Mary的计划表中的Wednesday一栏中可找到。‎ 如何猜测阅读理解题中的生词词义 词汇是阅读理解的基础的基础。我们必须掌握教材中所学所有的单词和词组；了解构词法知识，如熟记一些常见的前缀、后缀，以及词语的合成和转化等；并且要进行大量的课外阅读扩大自己的词汇量。要阅读需要一定的词汇量，同时在大量阅读的同时不仅可以复习学过的词汇而且还可扩大自己的词汇量。尽管如此，在阅读中还是不可避免会遇到生词或者熟词生义，在英语阅读理解试题中猜测词义也是必不可少的题目，因此，我们必须学会如何猜测词义。任何一个词语，在一定的上下文中只能表示一个确定的词义。据此，我们可以尽可能地利用上下文来猜测词义，即从已知推求未知，也就是用我们所熟悉的词或短语来猜测我们不熟悉的词的词义。猜测词义时，我们可以从以下几个方面来考虑：‎ 一、根据定义或解释猜测词义 A bag is useful and the word “bag” is useful. It gives us some interesting phrases(短语). One is “ to let the cat out of the bag”. It is the same as “to tell a secret”….‎ Now when someone lets out (泄漏) a secret, he “lets the cat out of the bag.”‎ John “lets the cat out of the bag” means he ______.‎ A. makes everyone know a secret B. the woman bout a cat C. buys a cat in the bag D. sells the cat in the bag 在这篇文章里，“let the cat out of the bag”虽然是一个新出现的短语，但紧接着后面就给出解释It is the same as “to tell a secret”根据这一解释，我们就可判断出正确答案应为A。‎ 二、根据情景和逻辑进行判断 As they go around town, the police help people. Sometimes they find lost children. They take the children home. If the police see a fight, they put an end to it right away. Sometimes people will ask the police how to get to a place in town. The police can always tell the people which way to go. They know all the streets and roads well.‎ In the text, “put an end to” means “______”.‎ A. stop B. cut C. kill D. fly 根据文章所提供的情景，如果警察看到有人在打架，他们肯定会去制止。因为制止打架斗殴是警察的职责。根据这一推理，答案应该是A。‎ 三、根据并列或同位关系猜测词义 There is a place on our earth where hot water and steam come up under the ground. It is on a large island in the Pacific Ocean. The island is North Island in New Zealand.‎ What does the word “steam” mean in Chinese?‎ A. 自来水 B. 大气 C. 冰川 D. 蒸汽 从语法上看，steam和hot water是并列关系，我们就以断定这两种东西是相关的，是同一类物质。在所给第四个选项中只有“蒸汽”有这种可能。‎ 四、根据背景和常识判断 The following morning when I went to see how my captive (caged) bird was doing, I discovered it on the floor of the cage, dead. I was terribly surprised! What had happened! I had taken extremely care of my little bird. Arthur Wayne, the famous ornithologist, who happened to be visiting my father at the time, hearing me crying over the death of my bird, explained what had happened. “A mother mockingbird, finding her young in a cage, will sometimes bring it poison berries(毒莓). She thinks it better for her young to die than to live in captivity.”‎ An ornithologist is probably a person who ______.‎ A. studies birds B. loves creatures C. majors in habits D. takes care of trees Ornithologist 这个词从来没有见到过，但是通过他的语言我们可以判断出这是一个对鸟很有研究的人。我很爱鸟，把鸟装在笼子里，并细心照料，而且鸟的母亲也飞过来喂这只鸟，但这只鸟却死了，我很不理解。到我家来的这个人给我详细解释了鸟死的原因，说明这个人非常懂鸟。据此，我们可以断定答案影视A。‎ 利用主题句解中考英语阅读理解题 最有效的办法是找出主题句。一篇文章(或一段文章) 通常都是围绕一个中心意思展开的。而这个中心意思往往由一个句子来概括。这个能概括文章或段落中心意思的句子叫做主题句。因此，理解一个段落或一篇文章的中心意思首先要学会寻找主题句。主题句一般具有三个特点：(1) 概括性强：表述的意思比较概括。(2) 结构简单：句子结构较简单，多数都不采用长、难句的形式。(3) 受它支撑：段落中其他的句子是用来解释、支撑或发展该句所表述的主题思想。在一篇短文或一个段落中，大部分主题句的位置情况有三种：‎ 一、主题句在段首或篇首 主题句在段首或篇首的情况相当普遍。一般新闻报道、说明文, 议论文大都采用先总述，后分述的叙事方法。例如：‎ All living things on the earth need other living things to live. Nothing lives alone. Most animals must live in a group, and even a plant grows close together with others of the same kind. Sometimes one living thing kills another, one eats and the other is eaten. Each kind of life eats another kind of life in order to live, and together they form a food chain(食物链)。Some food chains become broken up if one of the links disappears.‎ 第一句即是主题句。这个句子概括了本段的中心意思：“地球上所有的生物要生存都离不开其他的生物”。后面讲述了大量的事实之后，作者指出：如果这些食物链中的一个链环消失，所有的食物都会断掉。所有这些事实都是围绕第一个句子展开的。‎ 二、主题句在段末或篇末 用归纳法写文章时，往往表述细节的句子在前，概述性的句子在后，并以此结尾。这种位于段末或篇末的主题句往往是对前面细节的归纳总结或者所得出的结论。例如：‎ If you buy some well-made clothes, you can save money because they can last longer. They look good even after they have been washed many times. Sometimes some clothes cost more money, but it does not mean that they are always better made, or they ‎ always fit better. In other words, some less expensive clothes look and fit better than more expensive clothes.‎ 这段文章前面列举了两件事实，最后一句是对这两个事实的概括：有些价钱便宜的衣服比价钱贵的衣服更好看，更合身。段末这个句子就是主题句。‎ 三、无主题句 有时，一篇文章里并没有明显的主题句。这时我们应该怎样来确定文章的主题或中心意思呢？其实这也不难。我们可以首先找出每一段的中心意思，各段的中心意思往往都是围绕一个中心来展开的，或者说是来说明一个问题的。这个中心或这个问题就是这篇文章的主题或中心意思。‎ Killer bees started in Brazil 1957. A scientist in Sao Paulo wanted bees to make more honey(蜂蜜). So he put forty-six African bees with some Brazilian bees. The bees bred(繁殖) and made a new kind of bees. But the new bees were a mistake. They didn’t want to make more honey. They wanted to attack. Then, by accident, twenty-six African bees escaped and bred with the Brazilian bees outside.‎ Scientists could not control(控制) the problem. The bees increased fast. They went from Brazil to Venezuela. Then they went to Central America. Now they are in North America. They travel about 390 miles a year. Each group of bees grows four times a year. This means one million new groups every five years. Why are people afraid of killer bees? People are afraid for two reasons. First, the bees sting(叮) many more times than usual bees. Killer bees can sting sixty times a minute nonstop for two hours. Second, killer bees attack in groups. Four hundred bee stings can kill a person.‎ Already several hundred people are dead. Now killer bees are in Texas. In a few years they will reach all over the United States. People can do nothing but wait.‎ 这篇短文表面看起来没有主题句，那末怎样来确定它的中心意思呢？按照上面的说明，我们先找出每一段的大意：第一段讲的是killer bees的产生。第二段讲的是 killer bees 的急剧增加。第三段讲的是人们害怕 killer bees 的原因。第四段讲的是 killer bees 已经杀死的人数和将来的状况。从这几段的大意可以看出这篇文章自始至终都是围绕 killer bees 这一中心展开的。换句话说，killer bees 就是这篇文章的主题。‎ 中考英语阅读理解题精编精讲 阅读下列短文，然后根据短文的内容，从A、B、C、D四个选项中选出一个最佳选项。‎ ‎(1)‎ We were going to play against a team from a country school.‎ They didn’t come until the last minute. They looked worse than we had thought. They were wearing dirty blue trousers and looked like farm boys.‎ We sat down for a rest. We felt that we didn’t need any practice against a team like that.‎ The game began. One of us got the ball and he shot a long pass to our forward(前锋). From out of nowhere a boy in an old T-shirt stopped the ball and with beautiful style(姿势) he shot and got two points. Then another two points in a minute. Soon the game was all over. We were beaten by the country team.‎ After that, we thought a lot. We certainly learned that even though your team is very good, you can’t look down upon the others and still need to do your best. And the most important lesson we learned was: One can’t judge (判断) a person or a team only by their clothes.‎ ‎1. The team from the country were in old clothes so the writer’s team ______.‎ A. looked down upon them B. couldn’t win C. didn’t like the city boy D. were afraid of them ‎2. The country team arrived so late that ______.‎ A. nobody saw them B. the writer’s team were angry C. they had no time to warm up D. they looked worse ‎3. The team from the country won because ______.‎ A. they were in old clothes B. they didn’t practice before the game C. they practiced before the game D. the team was better than the writer’s ‎4. From the text, we can guess the writer’s team is ______.‎ A. a basketball from a country school B. a football team from a school in the city C. a basketball team from a school in the city D. a football team from the country ‎5. The writer’s team learned a lot from the game. They got to know how to ______.‎ A. do better from then on B. fight against the country boys C. play against a weak team D. judge a man or a team by clothes ‎(2)‎ In America, just as in Europe, men usually open doors for women, and women always walk ahead of men into a room or a restaurant, unless(除非) the men have to be ahead of the ladies to choose the table, to open the door of a car or do some other things like the above. On the street, men almost always walk or cross the street on the closer side of the ladies to the traffic. But if a man walks with two ladies, he should walk between them. Then if the host (男主人) or hostess(女主人) or both of them come in a car to get their guest for dinner, the guest should sit at the front seat and leave the back seat though there is no people sitting on it.‎ ‎1. In America men usually ______.‎ A. walk ahead of women B. eat in a restaurant C. walk behind women D. drive a car to work ‎2. In the street men ______.‎ A. cross the street B. walk on the right side of the ladies C. walk on the closer side of the ladies to the traffic D. walk near the ladies ‎3. If a man walks with two ladies, he should ______.‎ A. walk between them B. run before them C. follow them D. go away ‎4. If Mrs Green wants you to her house in a car, you should ______.‎ A. sit beside a guest B. sit at the front seat C. sit at the back seat D. drive the car ‎3)‎ ‎“Cool” is a word with many meanings. Its old meaning is used to express a temperature that is a little bit cold. As the world has changed, the word has had many different meanings. “Cool” can be used to express feelings of interest in almost anything.‎ When you see a famous car in the street, maybe you will say, “It’s cool.” You may think, “He’s so cool,” when you see your favourite footballer. We all maximize (扩大) the meaning of “cool”. You can use it instead of many words such as “new” or “surprising”. Here’s an interesting story we can use to show the way the word is used. A teacher asked her students to write about the waterfall (瀑布) they had visited. On one student’s paper was just the one sentence, “It’s so cool.” Maybe he thought it was the best way to show what he saw and felt.‎ But the story also shows a scarcity(缺乏) of words. Without “cool”, some people have no words to show the same meaning. So it is quite important to keep some credibility(可信性). Can you think of many other words that make your life as colourful as the word “cool”? I can. And I think they are also very cool.‎ ‎1. We know that the word “cool” has had ______.‎ A. only one meaning B. no meanings C. many different meanings D. the same meaning ‎2. In the passage, the word “express” means “______.”‎ A. see B. show C. know D. feel ‎3. If you are ______ something, you may say, “It’s cool.”‎ A. interested in B. angry about C. afraid of D. unhappy with ‎4. The writer takes an example to show he is ______ the way the word is used.‎ A. pleased with B. strange to C. worried about D. careful with ‎5. In the passage, the writer suggests(暗示) that the word “cool” ______.‎ A. can be used instead of many words B. usually means something interesting C. can make your life colourful D. may not be as cool as it seems ‎ ‎ ‎【答案及解析】‎ ‎                                  (1)‎ ‎1. A 推理判断题。由We felt that we didn’t need any practice against a team like that 可推出，作者这一队看不起那个穿得破旧的乡队。‎ ‎2. C 推理判断题。由They didn’t come until the last minute可推出他们到来时已经没有时间做热身运动了。‎ ‎3. D 推理判断题。从he shot and got two points. Then another two points in a minute…We were beaten by the country team 可推断出。‎ ‎4. C推理判断题。从he shot and got two points. Then another two points中的得分是每两分两分地进，应当是篮球。从We were going to play against a team from a country school 可推知作者对是城市的。‎ ‎5. A推理判断题。从最后一段可推出。‎ ‎(2)‎ ‎1. C 事实细节题。由第1句中women always walk ahead of men可知。‎ ‎2. C 事实细节题。由第2句On the street, men almost always walk or cross the street on the closer side of the ladies to the traffic可知。‎ ‎3. A 事实细节题。由第3句But if a man walks with two ladies, he should walk between them可知。‎ ‎4. B 由最后句中the guest should sit at the front seat可知。‎ ‎(3)‎ ‎1. C 事实细节题。由第1段第1句“Cool” is a word with many meanings和第3句the word has had many different meanings可知。‎ ‎2. B 词义猜测题。由第1段末再次出现的to express feelings of interest in almost anything结合后文中to show what he saw and felt和to show the same meaning等思考，不难得出express = show(表达)。‎ ‎3. A 事实细节题。由第1段的最后一句“Cool” can be used to express feelings of interest in almost anything 可知。‎ ‎4. C 推理判断题。由But the story also shows a scarcity (缺乏) of words可推出。‎ ‎5. D推理判断题。前3个选项都可在短文中找到明显的词句，不是暗示。由文章最后一段可推出答案是D。‎ 中考英语阅读理解题三篇（有解析）‎ 根据下面一篇短文的内容判断下列句子的正误，正确的用“A”表示，错误的用“B”表示。‎ ‎(1)‎ In 1605, a scientist took a willow branch(柳枝) and planted it. He didn’t plant it in the ground, however. He planted it in a vase of soil(泥土). For the next five years, the scientist watered that willow carefully.‎ The willow grew and grew. Where did it get the food for its growth? To most people, this was an easy question. The willow plant, of course, took the food from the soil.‎ The scientist, however, wanted evidence(证据).If the willow took the food from the soil for its growth, then, as it grew and weighed more, the soil ought to weigh less. He weighed the willow branch before he planted it. It weighed five pounds. Then he weighed the soil. It weighed 200 pounds. After five years, he weighed the plant and the soil again. The willow tree weighed 169 pounds, but the soil weighed almost the same.‎ The result(结果) was surprising. Where did the 164 pounds come from?‎ After many investigations(调查), the scientist got the answer. He had given water to the willow, and the willow got its food from the water.‎ He was right, in a way. Today we know more about the question.‎ ‎1. The scientist did the experiment in the sixteenth century.‎ ‎2. Most people thought the plant got the food from the soil for its growth.‎ ‎3. The soil in the vase weighed two hundred pounds.‎ ‎4. The scientist found that the willow grew and weighed more and the soil weighed less.‎ ‎5. The soil weighed 164 pounds after five years.‎ ‎6. Now we know about the question as much as the scientist did.‎ ‎(2)‎ Young people are often unhappy when they are with their parents. They say that their parents don’t understand them. They often think their parents are too strict with them, and they are never given a free hand.‎ Parents often find it difficult to win their children’s trust(信任) and they seem to forget how they themselves felt when they were young.‎ For example, young people like to do things without much thinking. It’s one of their ways to show that they grow up and they can do with any difficult things. Older people worry more easily. Most of them plan(计划) things ahead and don’t like their plans to be changed.‎ When you want your parents to let you do something, you will have better success (成功) if you ask before you really start doing it.‎ Young people often make their parents angry by clothes they want, the music they enjoy and something else. But they don’t mean to cause (引起) any trouble. They just feel that in this way they can be cut off from the old people’s world and they want to make a new culture (文化) of their own. And if their parents don’t like their music or clothes or their manner of speech, the young people feel very unhappy.‎ Sometimes you even don’t want your parents to say, “Yes” to what you do. You want to stay at home alone and do what you like.‎ If you plan to control (控制) your life, you’d better win your parents trust and try to get them to understand you. If your parents see that you have high sense of responsibility (责任感), they will certainly give you the right to do what you want to do.‎ ‎1. When young people are with their parents, they don’t feel pleased.‎ ‎2. What young people think is different from what older people do.‎ ‎3. What young people do is to make their parents unhappy.‎ ‎4. When children grow up, they hope to let them do everything alone.‎ ‎5. If you try to get your parents to understand you, you must do well in everything.‎ ‎(3)‎ Now TV programs play an important part in our daily life. We can get a lot of knowledge and a lot of fun from it. Today is Saturday. The following are some TV programs on different channels today. Now read these TV programs and try to find some information for you and your family members.‎ ‎ SXTV Channel 7‎ ‎13: 12 Football Match XATV Channel 4‎ ‎15: 30 TV Play ‎ SXTV Channel 6‎ ‎18: 30 Cartoon Film CCTV Channel 1‎ ‎12: 38 Law Today ‎ CCTV Channel 1‎ CCTV Channel 3‎ ‎19: 00 News Report ‎21: 00 The Latest Music ‎1. My grandfather is interested in laws. He can watch CCTV Channel 1 at noon.‎ ‎2. My father is a football fan. He prefers football matches. He can watch CCTV Channel 1.‎ ‎3. My mother likes watching TV plays. She wants to watch XATV Channel ‎4 in the afternoon.‎ ‎4. My sister is only six years old. I want to find a program for her. I think she can watch CCTV Channel 6.‎ ‎5. I’m a student. I like music, but I am not very busy tonight. So I can watch CCTV Channel 3 this evening.‎ ‎ ‎ ‎【答案及解析】‎ ‎(1)‎ ‎1. B 事实细节题。因为1605年是第17世纪的第5年，而不是第16世纪。‎ ‎2. A事实细节题。由第2段To most people, this was an easy question. The willow plant, of course, took the food from the soil 可知。‎ ‎3. A事实细节题。由第3段的Then he weighed the soil. It weighed 200 pounds可知。‎ ‎4. B事实细节题。由第3段最后一句The willow tree weighed 169 pounds, but the soil weighed almost the same可知。‎ ‎5. B事实细节题。因为164 pounds不是土壤的重，而是the willow由5年前的5 pounds到169 pounds所增加的重量。‎ ‎6. B事实细节题。由文章最后一句Today we know more about the question 可知。‎ ‎(2)‎ ‎1. A 事实细节题。由第１段的第１句Young people are often unhappy when they are with their parents可知。‎ ‎2. A 推理判断题。由第1、2段所述内容及第3段所举的例子可以推断出。‎ ‎3. B 推理判断题。由第5段中的But they don’t mean to cause (引起) any trouble 可推断出。‎ ‎4. A 事实细节题。由第3段A It’s one of their ways to show that they grow up and they can do with any difficult things 可知。‎ ‎5. B 推理判断题。由最后一段的第１句If you plan to control (控制) your life, you’d better win your parents trust and try to get them to understand you 可推出。‎ ‎(3)‎ ‎1. A 事实细节题。从表中右栏第２格看出，中午12点38分中央电视台1频道有“今日说法”节目，爷爷当然可以观看。‎ ‎2. B 事实细节题。从上表左栏第１格可看出，播放足球赛的是SXTV Channel 7，而不是CCTV Channel 1。‎ ‎3. A 事实细节题。从表中右栏第1格我们可以看到，15点30分西安电视台4频道播放电视剧，母亲完全可以看。‎ ‎4. B 事实细节题。从表中左栏第2格可以看到，SXTV Channel 6有适合六岁的妹妹看的卡通片，而不是CCTV Channel 6。‎ ‎5. A 事实细节题。今天晚上我不很忙，因此可以看CCTV Channel 3的The Latest Music节目。‎ 中考英语回答问题型阅读理解的答题技巧 先仔细阅读短文后所提出的问题，带着问题通读全文，把握文章意思，然后再研读跟问题相关的句子、句子的关键词/短语等；在此基础上再结合上下文进行分析判断、逻辑推理、归纳提炼出问题答案的表述内容；记住要看清问题，不要答非所问，同时表述的句子内容要简洁明了、语法正确、语句通顺、书写规范，不要照搬照抄原文的句子。‎ ‎[实例分析]‎ If you are studying English, the Language Study Fair (游乐会)that is being held this month will certainly attract you. The fair is going on between the 28th and 30th of June at the National Education Centre. It is held to answer all your questions about self-study no matter how your English is. ‎ The Language Study Fair gives a very good chance for you to see and to get all kinds of information to help you improve the way you study. Over 350 producers of educational materials (材料)will be at the fair. Come along to this, and you won’t waste your money in the future on materials that are out-of-date, or books that you just don’t need. We’ve got lots of different things for you to see and hear. There will be stands (展台)showing different kinds of self-study textbooks and talks by educational speakers on the best ways to study by yourself. We’re sure you’ll also enjoy watching people using the latest computer programs to make studying English alone so much easier. This is for you to make good decisions about what to buy. You can come to the fair from nine thirty to five. Tickets cost £5 each, or £3 if you’re a full-time student. All tickets can be booked by ringing the ticket hotline. The number is 9847711. ‎ So, we hope to see you there! ‎ ‎1.Who will go to the Language Study Fair? ‎ ‎___________________________________________________________________‎ ‎2.What will attract those who go to the Language Study Fair ? ‎ ‎___________________________________________________________________‎ ‎3.What will you buy if you want to make studying English much easier? ‎ ‎___________________________________________________________________‎ ‎4.What is the opening time of the fair ? ‎ ‎___________________________________________________________________‎ ‎5. How can you get a ticket for the fair ? ‎ ‎___________________________________________________________________‎ ‎【答案及解析】‎ ‎1. School students / English learners / Lovers of English. 由句子“If you’re studying English, the Language Study Fair that’s being held this month will certainly attract you.”可以推知：不论是学生还是英语学习者和爱好者等都会前往。 ‎ ‎2. All kinds of information on English learning / Educational materials / Different kinds of self-study textbooks / Talks on the best ways to study by yourself / The latest computer programs to make studying English alone so much ‎ easier.根据短文第二段的大部分内容介绍“语言学习游乐会”的主要内容，这些也是展示会上引人注目的内容。 ‎ ‎3. Different kinds of self-study textbooks and the latest computer programs 根据短文内容推测自学课本和教学自学方法的电脑软件可以帮助学习英语的人自己自学英语，提高自学英语的效率。‎ ‎4. From nine thirty to five between the 28th and 30th of June. 根据短文中的句子“The fair is going on between the 28th and 30th of June.”和句子 “You can come to the fair from nine thirty to five.”可知。 ‎ ‎5. By ringing / Phone the ticket hotline / By calling 9847711.根据短文中的句子 “All the tickets can be booked by ringing the ticket hotline. The number is 9847711.”可以知道答案。‎ 短文改写填空型阅读理解 首先考生要通读短文全文并弄清短文大意，抓关键句；其次浏览缩写后的短文；在了解其大意的同时，确定所要填写的内容，即所要填写的词语或短语是否与已知文段相一致（如有的是固定搭配；有的句子是文章中原句的同义句等），同时要注意填写的词语（短语）的正确性（如动词的时态、人称、名词的单复数、大小写、主谓一致等），千万不要在没有读懂文章的情况下匆匆填写单词，这样往往会出错；填写完后，再将改写的文章通读一遍，看看改写的短文是否流畅，语句是否通顺，语法是否正确，逻辑是否合理；同时还要注意到原文，看所改写的短文是否与原文意思相符。‎ ‎[实例分析] www.zkenglish.com John, ‎ I’ll be home late tonight. I have to stay for a business meeting after work. Will you please pick up my jacket from the dry cleaner ? The children are at Mother’s.Pick them up there. Could you give them their bath (洗澡 ) and make dinner for them ? Don’t wait for me for dinner. I don’t know what time the meeting will end. And please don’t forget to buy some bread, milk and a little butter at the supermarket. We don’t have any. ‎ Love, ‎ Sue This is a 1 from Sue to John. Sue is John’s 2 . One day Sue had to stay for a meeting and couldn’t go home for 3 . The children were at their 4 home. So Sue wrote to tell John to do some 5 . He would go and get the children 6 first, then he would 7 some bread, milk and 8 the children to take a bath. She didn’t tell John how long the meeting would 9 because she didn’t 10 when the meeting would be over. ‎ 通读短文后知道：这是Sue 留给丈夫John的一封短信。Sue 因为要参加一个会议不能去接孩子和回家做家务事，她在信内告诉丈夫John要做那些家务事，并且说因为不知道会议要开多久，她不要John等她回来吃饭。www.zkenglish.com 答案1：letter / note / message。从文章格式可以知道。‎ 答案2：wife。从Sue 叫John 到母亲家里去接孩子；要为孩子洗澡；买食品和信结尾的内容可以知道。‎ 答案3：dinner / supper。根据信中的句子 “I have to stay for business meeting after work.” 和句子 “ Don’t wait for me for dinner.” 可以知道。 ‎ 答案4：grandmother’s。文章中Sue 对丈夫John 说孩子是在母亲家里，对孩子们来说他们是在奶奶/外婆家了。‎ 答案5：housework。由Sue 要 John 接孩子，为他们洗澡和准备晚餐，并到超级商场买食品等知道Sue 要John 做一些家务活。‎ 答案6：back / home。由句子 “ The children are at Mother’s. Pick them up there.” 可以知道答案。‎ 答案7：buy / get。根据短信最后两句意思可以知道。‎ 答案8：help / ask / tell。由句子 “Could you give them their bath ?” 可以知道答案。‎ 答案9：last / be。‎ 答案10：know。根据信中的句子 “ Don’t wait for me for dinner. I don’t know what time the meeting will end.” 可以推知这两道题的答案。‎ 初中英语阅读训练的六种方法 ‎ ‎ ‎1. 讲究阅读方法 ‎(1)依据主题句定短文的中心：任意一篇文章通常是围绕一个中心展开并且由段落组成的；段落之间有着内在的紧密联系，而表达段落主题的句子叫主题句，通常置于段落的开头，有时在段落末尾和中间；其它的句子是用来说明和阐述主题句的；若把一个个主题句加以整理，你能悟出其中心思想，同时还可以回避、排除个别生词、难句（等困难信号）所带来的干扰，但也有一些文章的中心思想常贯穿在全文中，因而要综观全文，对全文有一个透彻的理解才行。‎ 如： ‎ My friend Matt and I arrived at the Activity Centre on Friday evening. The accommodation wasn’t wonderful, but we had everything we needed (beds, blankets, food ), and we were pleased to be out of the city and in the fresh air. ‎ On Saturday morning we met the other ten members of our group. Cameron had come along with two friends, Kevin and Simon, while sisters Carole and Lynn had come with Amanda. There were some other members I didn’t know. We had come from different places and none of us knew the area. ‎ We knew we were going to spend the weekend outdoors, but none of us was sure exactly how. Half of us spent the morning caving while the others went rock-climbing and then we changed at lunchtime. Matt and I went to the caves (岩洞) first. Climbing out was harder than going in, but after a good deal of pushing, we were out at last. Though we were covered with mud, we were pleased and excited by what we’d done. ‎ This passage mainly talks about ______________. ‎ A. the writer’s friends at the Activity‎ ‎Center ‎ B. the writer’s experience at the Activity‎ ‎Center ‎ C. outdoor sports at the Activity‎ ‎Center ‎ D. how to go rock-climbing and caving ‎ ‎[参考答案B] 上述这段短文的中心是说明“the writer’s experience at the Activity Center.”。作者以及作者的朋友，还有组上的其他一些成员一起在活动中心度周末的一些活动以及感受。‎ ‎(2) 掌握具体事实和重要细节：阅读文章时，要求学生养成辨认和记忆具体事实、重要细节的习惯。因为具体事实、重要细节是主题句的扩展、补充、说明或例证，是用来支持和说明中心思想的，而且是阅读理解测试的重要组成部分。‎ 如：If someone asks me: “Do you like music?” I’m sure I will answer him or her: “Of course, I do.” because I think music is an important part of our lives. ‎ Different people have different ideas about music. For me, I like rock music because it’s so exciting. And my favorite rock band, the “Foxy Ladies” (酷妹) is one of the most famous rock bands in the world. I also like pop music. My classmate LiLan loves dance music, because she enjoys dancing. My best friend, Jane, likes jazz music (爵士乐). She thinks jazz is really cool. ‎ ‎“I like dance music and rock very much.” says my brother, “because they are amazing.” ‎ But my mother thinks rock is boring. “I like some relaxing (轻松的) music,” she says. That’s why she likes country music, I think. ‎ ‎①The writer likes music because he thinks ____________. ‎ A. it’s an exciting part of our lives ‎ B. it’s an amazing part of our lives ‎ C. it’s an important part of our lives ‎ ‎②What kind of music does the writer like? ‎ A. Rock and pop music. B. Rock and dance music. C. Jazz and country music. ‎ ‎③Who likes dancing? ‎ A. The writer. B. Li Lan. C. Jane. ‎ ‎④The writer’s mother thinks that country music is __________. ‎ A. amazing B. boring C. relaxing ‎⑤ How many people’s ideas about music are talked about in this passage (短文)?‎ A. 4. B. 5. C. 6.‎ 这是几道重要事实和细节的辨认题，全是围绕短文的主题句“Different people have different ideas about music”来展开说明的，起补充举例作用。答案分别为 ① C ② A ③ B ④ C ⑤ B。 ‎ ‎(3) 运用构词法、语境线索等帮助来推测关键词义：在阅读文章的过程中，常常会遇到一些生词，如果不懂得这些词义就会妨碍理解，但大部分生词的词义是可以根据上下文，结合构词法、借助文章中的语境线索帮助在理解基础上猜测其词义，这有助于加快阅读速度，提高阅读理解能力。如：‎ Water is all around us. Water is in the ocean. Water is in the lakes and rivers. Water is in the air. There is more water than land on the earth. All living things must have it. We must have it, too. We cannot live without drinking water. Sometimes, we do not have all the water that we need. The land will dry up without water. Sometimes, there can be too much water in the land. If it rains very, very ‎ hard, the rain water will run down the hill. It takes some of the land with it when it runs down the hills. It is called erosion when the water takes the land away.‎ ‎“Erosion” in the passage means ____________.‎ A. 地震 B. 雪崩 C. 侵蚀 D. 霜冻 ‎ 根据前面的语句If it rains very, very hard, the rain water will run down the hills. It takes some of the land with it when it runs down the hills.解释可以推知erosion是一种自然地理现象，即“侵蚀”，答案为C。‎ ‎2. 训练阅读速度 在阅读中，我们或多或少会碰到一些生词和不熟悉的短语，这些生词和短语会妨碍我们对文章中心的理解，但我们总是查阅词典也会影响阅读的速度。为了不查词典又能破解生词词义，并理解好文章的中心，要求考生根据构词法判断词义。如：This material is unreadable.中 unreadable是生词。学生可以根据词根 read ，知道 un和 able分别为前缀和后缀，那么 unreadable的意义就不难猜测了；还可以培养学生根据生词与上下文的关系来猜测其意义。生词所在的句子、段落会提供很多的暗示和线索，依据这些暗示和线索就可以理解生词的词义了。如：同义词反义词线索；解释性线索；例证性线索；标点符号线索等。如：‎ A. The herdsman, who looks after sheep, earns about 650 yuan a year.‎ 定语从句中的 looks after sheep 就解释了 herdsman的词义为“牧人”。‎ B. Like her younger sister who is gregarious, Alice also likes to make friends.句首的 like（像）这个语境线索说明：句中的gregarious与 likes to make friends意义相近。‎ 通过这些方式可以帮助学生加快阅读速度，进一步提高阅读正确率。‎ ‎3. 改进阅读方式 ‎（1）预测：培养学生依据文章标题（副标题）、插图以及相关的背景知识和社会生活经验，对文章的大致内容预测以及可能涉及到的词汇，然后阅读文章的第一段，并对自己的预测进行验证、纠正，同时抓住主题句、关键词，从而更好地从整体上去理解和把握文章的中心。‎ ‎（2）略读：指导学生快速浏览全文，领会文章大意，辨析文体，掌握篇章结构，进而抓住文章的中心。‎ ‎3）查读：指导学生在浏览全文的基础上进行查读，以回答个别事实细节性的问题。有些细节性的问题不能直接在短文中找到答案，必须进行必要的综合、归纳、转换才能获得，也就是要在直接可获得的事实和细节的基础上经过综合、归纳、转换间接地获得所需要的事实和细节。它通常涉及数据、时间、人称、代词的指代、动作的行为的关联、动作行为者与承受者、地点和空间、表态方式、因果、条件、内涵与外延等。如： ‎ One day Mrs Wison went shopping with Tracy and Ben. They went to the supermarket in the new shopping center. ‎ ‎“Why do you buy things here?” Tracy wanted to know. “Because they are cheaper here than at the corner store near our home,” Mrs. Wilson said. “Help me check the prices, please.” ‎ The Wilsons were not rich and Mrs. Wilson was always careful with her money. She looked carefully at the prices of things. She bought lots of things in the supermarket. When they got home, the children said, “We don’t think you saved ‎ money by going to the supermarket.” “Of course I did,” Mrs. Wilson said “Everything was cheaper there.” ‎ ‎“We know,” the children said, “but we came home by taxi because we had too much to carry. The taxi fare was more than the money that you saved !” ‎ Mrs Wilson added everything up. Her children were right.‎ ‎“Well done,” she said. “Next time we’ll do the shopping nearby.” ‎ ‎①The things at the corner store were ____ than those in the supermarket.‎ A. cheaper B. nicer C. more expensive D. Better ‎ ‎② Mrs. Wilson _________ in the end. ‎ A. spent more money B. paid less money ‎ C. lost some money D. saved a little money ‎ 这两个问题都是细节性问题，但又不能直接从文章中得出答案，要经过分析和计算间接地获得事实细节。①选C。由 Mrs. Wilson 的话“Because they are cheaper here than at the corner store near our home. ”分析可知the things at the corner store were more expensive.②选A。 Mrs. Wilson 在超级市场买的东西是便宜的，但返回时由于东西多结果打的士回家将打的士的费用摊进去就高于节省的费用了，因此可以知道：Mrs. Wilson spent more money in the end.‎ ‎4. 扩大英语阅读量 目前初中英语教科书所提供的阅读量较以前有较大幅度的增加，在题材、体裁的选取，功能与话题的设计方面均注意到多样化和广泛性；内容贴近学生实际，教师可以立足教材阅读材料指导和训练学生阅读方法与技巧，教学语言知识和指导学生掌握句法、语法，扩大词汇量，培养阅读兴趣，帮助学生奠定一定的英语阅读能力。但教材中的阅读量离大纲和课标要求的阅读量远远不够。课标五级阅读要求规定：除教材外，课外阅读量应 达到15万字以上。因此教师要督促学生精读泛读结合，通过广泛的阅读不仅有利于学生扩大词汇量，丰富语言知识、开阔视野，开拓思路，还有利于了解英美等国的文化背景、生活风俗、思维习惯及英语特有的语言表达方式，从而提高阅读理解能力。‎ 泛读时，要求学生对阅读材料中的各种语言现象不作全面精细认真的分析，而是根据已掌握的语言知识尽快地获取所需要的信息。‎ ‎5. 强化阅读训练 ‎(1) 指定阅读范围：教师按学生的英语水平将其分成不同的组别，选择与之相适应的英语读物（配有一定量的问题），分别规定阅读的范围，要求他们课外自行安排时间，带着问题快速阅读，并规定一个较宽松的期限进行检查。‎ ‎(2) 进行阅读指导：对学生阅读过程中遇到的疑难，教师要及时答疑辅导，以帮助学生顺利阅读。但要注意从学法上多加以指导，帮助和引导他们自行分析和解决问题。‎ ‎(3) 检查阅读效果：到了规定的阅读期限教师可以通过口头练习和笔试结合的方式分组检查学生阅读任务完成的情况。口头练习以学生回答有关问题、讲述阅读文章的心得为主；笔试检查要求学生完成正误判断题，选择题，填空题等。‎ ‎(4) 展示阅读效果：利用英语课外活动，通过开展书评、辩论会、演讲会等活动来展示不同组学生课外泛读的成果。分A、B组评论读物；讨论读物的人物特征、主要情节等，让学生在宽松的氛围中各抒己见，互相交流，从而促进学生阅读时积极思考，认真阅读，同时加深对读物的理解，培养表达能力。‎ ‎6. 加强评估指导 通过评估测试可以检测学生阅读理解实际能力与水平，可以摸清学生的强项与不足，从而为进一步培养学生阅读能力提供依据。教师要充分发挥阅读测试的指挥棒作用。阅读测试文章选材要广泛多样，篇幅要恰当，难易要适中，从而确保阅读测试的信度和效度；在题型设计上做到主观性题型和客观性题型兼顾，并针对学生平时阅读中反映出来的重点、难点与疑点，避免题型过于单一以及偏题、怪题现象，更不能片面追求试题难度。客观性测试题要能通过阅读文章直接找到答案；主观性测试题要能在阅读短文后通过上下文，运用联想、比较、归纳、分析判断文章的隐含意义。测试后要认真进行分析和总结，做到发现问题及时解决，以便进一步提高。‎