2014春八年级下册Unit10Ivehadthisbikeforthreeyears全单元知识点讲解及往届中考考题 8页

Unit 10 I ’ve had this bike for three years.‎ 一、 重点短语 1. ‎ these days 目前;现在 ‎ 2. regard with great interest 以极大的兴趣关注着 3. in order to 为了 4 .so far 迄今;到现在为止 5. in need 需要 6. not.. anymore 不再……‎ ‎7. welcome to sp_ 欢迎来到 8.check out 察看;观察 ‎9. board games 棋类游戏 10.one last thing 最后一样东西 ‎11.junior high school 初 级 中 学 12. clear out 清理 ‎13.no longer 不再;不复 14. toy monkey 玩具猴 ‎15.part with 与……分开 16.to be honest 说实在的 ‎17. ride a bike 骑自行车 18.have a yard sale 进行庭院拍卖会 ‎19.one’s old things 某人的旧东西 ‎20.bring back sweet memories 勾起甜美的回忆 ‎21.give away 捐赠 22.play for a while 玩一会儿 ‎23.do with... 处置;处理 24.search for work 找工作 ‎25.for the last 13 years 在过去的13年里 ‎26. the mid-20tH century 20世纪中期 ‎27.stay the same 保持原状 28.according to 依据;按照 ‎29.in one’s opinion 依……看 30.in my time 在我那个年代 二．重点句型 ‎1. How long have you... ?‎ How long have you had that bike over there?那边的那辆自行车你买了多久了？ 2. sb. has/have done sth. for...‎ Amy has had her favorite book for three years.艾米拥有她最喜欢的书3 年了。‎ ‎3. sb. has/have done sth. since...‎ He’s owned it since his fourth birthday.自他4 岁生日起，他拥有这个东西了。‎ ‎4. Some… Others...‎ Some people still live in their hometown. However, others may only see it once or twice a year. 有些人仍然住在家乡。然而，另一些人可能一年只能回家乡一两次。‎ 三． 重点知识点讲解 Section A ‎ ‎1.You can also give old things away to people in need.‎ ‎ 你也能捐赠旧东西给那些需要的人们。‎ ‎【解析】 in need 需要；需求 ‎【拓展】in danger 在危险中 in trouble在困境中 ‎ in silence 在沉默中 in good health 在好的健康状态中 Eg : A friend in need is a friend indeed. 患难见真情 ‎2. Because I don’t read it anymore . 因为我不用再读了。‎ ‎【解析】no more ;not … anymore/ no longer ;not... any longer不再 ‎ 词语 同义词 用法 no longer not… any longer 强调时间或动作“不再延续” , 与延续性动词连用 no more ‎ not … any more 强调数量和程度“不再增加” , 与非延续性动词连用 位置区别： 当修饰动词时，no longer通常置于be或行为动词前；‎ ‎ no more一般置于行为动词后。‎ ‎ not... any longer与not... any more常置于句末。‎ Eg: He can no longer walk. = He can’t walk any longer ‎ The little girl no more cried. = The little girl didn’t cry any more.‎ ‎3. Because I’ve had it since I was a baby. 因为自从我很小的时候我就有它了。‎ ‎【解析】since 自从 ‎ Since +从句（一般过去时），主句用现在完成时 ‎ Eg: He has studied very hard since he came to our school.‎ ‎【辨析】since 与for 在现在完成时态中的用法：‎ since 其后接时间点或时态为一般过去时 的句子，表示某事是从什么时候开始的 I’ve been a soldier since two years ago for 其后接时间段，‎ 表示某事持续了多长时间 I’ve been a soldier for two years.‎ ‎4. I have something for the kids, 我有一些孩子们的东西。‎ ‎【解析】for 给；为了 介词for用法归纳 用法1：(表目的)为了。They went out for a walk. 他们出去散步了。‎ 用法2：(表利益)为，为了。 What can I do for you? 你想要我什么？‎ ‎5.I’ve had this magazine for a couple of months.我拥有这本杂志已经几个月了。‎ ‎【解析】a couple of 几个；一些= a few 后接可数名词复数 ‎ a couple of “一对” ,尤指夫妻、情侣 Eg : I’ll be back in a couple of days. (几天)‎ ‎6.We’ve decided to each sell five things we no longer use.‎ ‎ 我们已经决定每人卖出去五件我们不用的东西。‎ ‎【解析1】decide 决定 decide v 决定→-decision n 决定 ‎(1)decide to do sth= make up one’s mind to do sth 决定做某事 ‎ ‎(2)make a decision 做决定 ‎ ‎【解析2】no longer = not ... any long 不再 ‎【在句中位置】no longer 位于助动词、情态动词或实意动词之后；‎ ‎ not ... any longer not 常与助动词或情态动词连用，any longer 位于句末。‎ I no longer live in this city. = I don’t live in this city any longer.‎ ‎【辨析】 no longer, not ... any longer; no more , not... any more.‎ 词语 同义词 用法 no longer not ... any longer ‎ 强调时间或动作“不再延续” ，与延续动词连用 no more not ... any more 强调数量和程度“不再增加” 与非延续动词连用 Eg: He can no longer walk = He can’t walk any longer.‎ ‎ I have no more money to give you.= I don’t have money to give you any more.‎ ‎7. For example , he’s owned a train and railway set since his fourth birthday, and he played with it almost every week until he was about seven.‎ 例如，从他四岁生日以来，就已经拥有了这列火车和铁轨的组合，大约七岁之前他几乎每周都要玩这个玩具。‎ ‎【解析】own 拥有 own v 拥有→owner n 物主 ‎ of one’s own 某人自己的 the owner of … ……的所有者 ‎8. My daughter was more understanding , although she felt sad to part with certain toys.我女儿比较通情达理，尽管要失去某些玩具也让她感到难过。‎ ‎【解析1】part with 与……分开；失去（尤指舍不得的东西）‎ ‎ Eg: They were sorry to part with the old house.‎ ‎【解析2】certain ⑴ 某种； 某事；某人 （在句中只能做定语，常与不定代词a连用，可修饰单、复数名词）‎ ‎ Eg: A certain person called on me yesterday.‎ ‎ ⑵ adj. 确实的，无疑的 ‎ be certain of 对某事有把握 They are certain of success.‎ ‎ be certain to do sth 肯定做某事 He is certain to come.‎ ‎ be certain +that确信 I’m certain that he’ll come.‎ ‎9. As for me, I didn’t want to give up my football shirts , but , to be honest , I haven’t played for a while now. ‎ 对于我来说，我不想放弃我的足球衫，但说实话，现在我有段时间没踢足球了。‎ ‎【解析1】as for 至于；关于 （后跟名词、代词或动名词作宾语）‎ ‎ Eg: As for computer, I’m not telling you anything.‎ ‎【解析2】 to be honest = to tell (you) the truth老实说；说实话 ‎【拓展】honest adj. 诚实的（反）dishonest adj. 不诚实的 an honest boy 一个诚实的男孩 ‎【注】honest 以元音音素开头，所以前面的定冠词要用an.‎ ‎【解析3】for a while 一会儿 ‎ She　likes　to　lie　down　for　a　while　after　lunch.‎ ‎10.What will they do with the money they raise from the sale?‎ ‎ 他们要用卖东西筹集来的钱做什么？‎ ‎【解析】do with 处理；对付（某人或某物）‎ ‎ deal with 处理 与how 连用 ‎ do with 处理 与what 连用 do with ‎ ‎“处理；安置”，强调处理的对象，常与what连用 I don’t know what to do with these letters.‎ deal with ‎ ‎“处理；应付”，强调处理的方式、方法，常与how连用 He taught me how to deal with pressure.‎ Section B ‎11.We can often guess what a text is about by using what we already know.‎ 我们通常可以用原有的知识来猜测一篇文章写的是什么。‎ ‎【解析】by的用法：‎ ‎ (1)by doing sth 通过…方式 by studying with a group ‎【注】介词短语作方式状语，回答以How开头的问句， 表示“怎样做”。‎ ‎ (2) by+ 交通工具（交通工具前不能加限定词） by bike by train ‎【短语】‎ by the way 顺便问一下 by accident= by chance 偶然地 by mistake 错误地 ‎ one by one 一个接一个 step by step 一步一步地 little by little 逐渐地 by the time 到……为止 by oneself 独自地 ‎ ‎ by and by 不久之后 by hand 用手 by the end of 到….... 末尾 ‎12.However , others may only see it once or twice a year.‎ ‎ 但是，其他的人或许一年只能看到一两次。‎ ‎【解析】once or twice 一两次 ‎ once = one time一次 twice= two times 两次 ‎ 三次或三次以上用：“基数词+times”‎ ‎ three times 三次 four times 四次 three or four times 三到四次 ‎13.Among these is Zhong Wei a 46-year-old husband and father.‎ ‎ 钟伟就是其中的一个人，他46岁，身为人夫和人父。‎ ‎【解析】 among prep在（其中）； …….之一 among ‎ 介词，表示在三个或三个以上的人或物之中 The girl disappeared among the crowd between 介词；表示两者之间 between … and …‎ I sit between Sue and Jane.‎ ‎14.“It’s a shame, but I just don’t have the time.” he says. ‎ ‎“说起来真惭愧，但是我实在没有时间，”他说。‎ ‎【解析】 shame n 羞耻；羞愧；惭愧 It’s a shame to do sth 做某事是可耻的 It’s a shame to lie.‎ ‎【拓展】 在口语中常用“ That’s a shame! / It’s a shame! /What a shame!” ‎ 真遗憾；多可惜啊 ‎15.I used to return home at least once a year, but I haven’t been back for almost three years now. 过去我至少一年回一次家，但是我差不多三年没有回去了。‎ ‎【解析1】return ⑴ v 回；返回 He returned home yesterday.‎ ‎⑵v 归还；放回 He returned her book ‎【解析2】be back 返回 （强调状态，若表示“回到某地” 则要在其后加介词to）‎ We are all happy to be back to school after the long holiday.‎ ‎【短语】go back 走回来 get back 回去 come back 回来 give back 归还 run back 跑回 look back 回顾 ‎16.Many people like Zhong Wei regard with great interest how their hometowns have changed.许多像钟伟那样的人视他们家乡发生了什么变化为最大的兴趣。 ‎ ‎【解析】 regard 将……认为，把……视为 regard…with… 对……持某种态度 ‎ regard … as … 把…… 当作…… I regard you as my friend.‎ ‎17.Children have learned to read and count at my old primary school since the mid 20th century.在我那所曾经上过的、自20世纪中期就建起来的旧小学里，孩子们已经学会了读书和数数。‎ ‎【解析1】count v 数数 The little girl can count.‎ ‎【解析2】century n 百年；世纪 ‎ 世纪的表达法：‎ 表示多少世纪要用序数词，序数词前一定要加the.‎ ‎【结构1】“在……世纪” in the + 序数词 + century ‎ ‎ He was born in the 20th century.‎ 表示某世纪某年代，首先要用定冠词，然后在年代后加s.‎ ‎【结构2】“…….世纪…… 年代” in 1840是= 1840’s 19世纪40年代 the 1860s 19世纪60年代 ‎18.consider 仔细考虑 ‎ ‎【解析】consider v 考虑=think about consider doing sth 考虑做某事 ‎【归纳记忆】后跟动名词的动词和短语：‎ 完成，实践， 值得， 忙（finish, practice, be worth, be busy）‎ 考虑,建议，不禁， 想 （consider, suggest, can’t help, feel like）‎ 错过，习惯，放弃 （miss, be used to, give up ）‎ 继续，喜欢，介意 （ keep on, enjoy, mind）‎ ‎ Unit 10 当堂测试题 ‎1.She_____ her hometown for many years. No one nearly knows her.‎ ‎ A. has been away from B. has left C. had left ‎2.“Did you borrow the comic book from the library?”‎ ‎ “ Yes. I _____ it for three days. I’ll return it this afternoon.‎ ‎ A. borrowed B. kept C. have borrowed D. have kept ‎3. It is late. We can not wait him _____.‎ ‎ A. any more B. no more C. More ‎4.My grandmother ___ a lot of changes in Tianjin since she came here.‎ ‎ A．sees B. can see C. will see D. has seen ‎5.I ______ many new friends since I came here．‎ ‎ A．make B．made C．will make D．have made ‎6.—_______ have you been in the sports club?‎ ‎ —Since the first month I came to the school.‎ ‎ A. How old B. How long C. How much D. How soon ‎7.—What did you get _____ your mother ____ Mother’s Day?‎ ‎ —A beautiful card and a scarf.‎ ‎ A. for; in B. for; on C. to; for ‎8.The children decide ____ their school yard this Friday afternoon.‎ ‎ A. clean B. to clean C. cleaning D. cleaned ‎9.We can’t decide what will happen in our life, but we can decide how we will _____it.‎ A. agree with B. begin with C. deal with D. come up with ‎10.— ____ do you ____ your broken watch? ‎ ‎ — I am going to take it to the watchmaker’s .‎ ‎ A. How; do with B. What; deal with ‎ ‎ C. How; deal with D. What; did with ‎11.-- ____ did you get there? — By ___ a taxi.‎ ‎ A. How; taking B. How ; take C. How; took D. What; taking ‎12.—How do you learn English words?‎ ‎ _____ making flashcards.‎ ‎ A. To B. By C. For D. With ‎13.The workers will build a new railroad ___ the two cities.‎ ‎ A. since B. between C. among D. during.‎ ‎14.His grade in the exam put him ___ the top students in his class.‎ ‎ A. between B. over C. among D. above ‎15.______! You are leaving a good job.‎ A. What a shame B. How nice ‎ C. Have a good time D. Congratulations ‎16.Don’t ____ others ___ fools! They know the truth of the matter.‎ ‎ A. remember; to B. regard ; with C. take; for D. regard ; as