中考英语常用词组大全 10页

‎ 中考英语常用词组大全 bad搭配三用法 ‎1. be bad at 不善于。如：‎ I’m bad at maths. 我数学学得很差。‎ He is bad at playing tennis. 他网球打得不好。‎ ‎2. be bad for 对……不好。如：‎ Too much salt can be bad for you. 吃太多的盐对你不好。‎ Smoking is bad for you (your health). 抽烟对你(你的身体)有害。‎ ‎3. go from bad to worse 变得越来越糟，每况愈下。如：‎ His business is going from bad to worse. 他的生意每况愈下。‎ We’re hoping for an improvement but things have gone from bad to worse. 我们希望有所改善，但情况却变得越来越糟。‎ 有关名词back的重要短语 ‎1. at the back of ‎(1) 在……的后面(范围之外)”。如：‎ There is a little garden at the back of the house. 房屋后有个小花园。‎ We planted some trees at the back of the school. 我们在学校后面种了些树。‎ 注：用于此义时，相当于 behind。‎ ‎ (2) 在……的后部(范围之内)”。如：‎ There is a little room at the back of the house. 房屋后部有个小房间。‎ The index is at the back of the book. 索引在书末尾。‎ 注：用于此义时，不能用 behind 换。‎ ‎(3) 用于引申义。如：‎ Someone must be at the back of this. 这事一定有人在背后捣鬼。‎ ‎2. in the back of 在……后部。如：‎ He sat in [at] the back of the car. 他坐在小汽车后部。‎ 注：在美国英语中有时可只用 (in) back of 来表示以上意思。如：‎ My home lies (in) back of the school. 我家就在学校后面。‎ ‎3. on one’s back 在背上，仰着身子。如(from )：‎ The little boy had a big schoolbag on his back. 这个小男孩背上背着一个大书包。‎ They lay on their backs and gazed at the sky. 他们仰着身子躺着，眼睛望着天空。‎ attention搭配大全 ‎1. bring sth to one’s attention 使某人注意某事。如：‎ I brought this to his attention. 我使他注意到了这一点。‎ He’s brought this fact to the attention of the public. 他已使公众注意到这一事实。‎ ‎2. call one’s attention to sth 提醒某人注意。如：‎ He called my attention to some new evidence. 他提醒我注意一些新的证据。‎ He called our attention to what he said. 他提醒我们注意他说的话。‎ ‎3. draw [catch, attract] one’s attention 引起某人的注意。如：‎ What he said drew our attention. 他说的话引起了我们的注意。‎ He knocked on the window to catch my attention. 他敲窗户以引起我的注意。‎ I kept trying to attract the waiter’s attention. 我不断地示意招呼服务员。‎ 比较(from )：‎ He drew attention to the rising unemployment. 失业率日益升高引起了他的注意。‎ ‎4. fix one’s attention on sth 集中注意力于某事物。如：‎ He fixed his attention on writing. 他专心写作。‎ ‎5. pay attention to 注意。如：‎ Pay attention to these details. 注意这些细节。‎ He asked the students to pay more attention to their study. 他叫学生们更加注意学习。‎ 注：该用法中的 to 是介词，不是不定式符号，所以其后接动词时要用动名词。如：‎ Pay more attention to uniting and working with those who differ with you. 更注意团结那些与自己意见不同的人一道工作。‎ attend to的用法 ‎(1) 注意听。如：‎ Attend now to what I tell you. 现在注意听我给你讲。‎ If you don’t attend to your teacher, you’ll never learn anything. 你要是不注意听老师讲，你就会什么也学不到。‎ ‎(2) 处理；办理。如：‎ I’ll attend to the matter. 这事我来处理。‎ I may be late --- I have one or two things to attend to. 我可能会迟到，我还有一两件事要处理。‎ ‎(3) 照顾；照看。如：‎ If you go out, who will attend to the baby? 你要是出去，谁来照顾婴儿? ‎ Will you attend to the shop for a few minutes while I go to the bank? 在我去银行时你帮我照看一下店铺好吗? ‎ ‎(4) 接待；招待。如：‎ Are you being attended to, sir? 先生， 有人招呼你了吗? ‎ I’m too busy. I can’t attend to you now. 我很忙，现在不能接待你。‎ ‎(5) 专心；关心。如(from )：‎ You must attend to your work. 你必须专心工作。‎ Parents must attend to the education of their children. 父母必须要关心子女的教育。‎ ‎(6) 治疗；医治。如：‎ His injury was attended to by a young doctor. 他的伤由一位年轻医生医治。‎ ‎ ‎ ask短语用法归纳 ‎1. ask about sth (sb) 询问有关某人或某事的情况。如：‎ She asked about his health. 她询问他的健康状况。‎ Can I ask about the exam results? 我可以问问考试结果吗? ‎ ‎2. ask after sb 问候某人(的健康)。如：‎ They all ask after you. 他们都问候你(的健康)。 ‎ ‎3. ask for sth 要求得到某物或要求与某人见面。如：‎ He asked for some water. 他要些水。‎ A Mr Smith is asking for the manager. 一位名叫史密斯先生的人要找经理。‎ ‎4. ask sb for sth向某人要某物或请某人给某物。如：‎ They asked me for help. 他们向我求助。‎ He asked her for her address. 他向她要她的地址。‎ ‎5. ask to do sth要求或请求做某事。如：‎ He asked to see the manager. 他求见经理。‎ He asked to see whoever was in charge. 他要求见负责人。‎ He asked to go alone. 他要求一个人去。‎ ‎6. ask sb to do sth 请或叫某人做某事。如(from )：‎ Ask John to mail these letters tomorrow. 叫约翰明天把这几封们寄了。‎ He asked us to wait for him at the gate. 他叫我们在门口等他。‎ 形容词ashamed的两个搭配 ‎1. be ashamed of (doing) sth 对(做)某事感到羞愧或惭愧。如：‎ You really ought to be ashamed of that. 你实在应该对此感到惭愧。‎ He was ashamed of asking [having asked]such a simple question. 他由于问了这样简单的问题而感到难为情。‎ He is ashamed of his failure [having failed]. 他对自己的失败感到羞惭。‎ 比较以下同义句型：‎ I am ashamed of that. / I am ashamed of myself for that. 我对此感到羞愧。‎ He is ashamed of being poor. / He is ashamed of himself for being poor. 他因为穷而感到羞惭。‎ ‎2. be ashamed to do sth ‎ ‎(1) 因感到难为情或感到差耻而不愿某事。如：‎ I am ashamed to say so. 这样说我不好意思。‎ He was too ashamed to ask for help. 他不好意思请求帮助。‎ ‎(2) 对做某事而感到羞愧或惭愧。如：‎ You should be ashamed to tell such lies. 撒这样的谎你应该感到羞愧。‎ He was ashamed to have made some careless mistakes. 他因出了些很粗心的差错而感到惭愧。‎ 注：该用法有时可换成 that 从句。如上面最后一句也可说成：‎ He was ashamed that he had made some careless mistakes. ‎ 再比较(from )：‎ 他因说谎而感到羞惭。‎ 正：He was ashamed of having lied. ‎ 正：He was ashamed to have lied. ‎ 正：He was ashamed that he had lied. ‎ would与used to的区别 ‎1. 两者都可表示过去反复发生的动作。如：‎ In those days he would help her with her gardening. 那时他常来帮助她种植花木。‎ I used to write poetry when I was your age. 我像你那么大时常常写诗。‎ I don’t swim as often as I used to. 我游泳的时候不像过去那样多了 Children are not so well-behaved nowadays as they used to be. 孩子们现在没有过去那样听话了。‎ 有时两者可互换。如：‎ When we were children we would (used to) to skating every winter. 我们小时候，每年冬天都支溜冰。‎ ‎2. 但在下列情况中一般只用used to, 而不用would：‎ ‎(1) 用来表示过去与现在的对比，即“以前这样，但现在不这样了”。如：‎ I used to go on Saturdays, but now I no longer do so. 过去我星期六经常去但现在我不去了。‎ ‎(2) 表示过去持续的状态。如：‎ He used to like you. 我原来喜欢你。‎ There used to be a tree here. 原来这里有棵树。‎ wrong的用法 ‎1. 用作形容词，以下两点用法须注意：‎ ‎(1) 表示“某人做某事是不对的”，以下三种说法均可。如：‎ It’s wrong of you to do it. / You are wrong to do it. / You arewrong in doing it. 你这样做是不对的。‎ ‎(2) 与something, anything, nothing 等连用，表示“出事”、“出错”、 “有毛病”。此时就注意：‎ ‎1)句子可直接用something, nothing 等放在句首作主语，也可用there is 来开始句子。‎ ‎2)若要具体表明某人 / 物出事了，可在wrong 之后用介词with 。‎ ‎3)该句型中的wrong = the matter。如：‎ Something is wrong. = There’s something wrong. 出事了。‎ Nothing is wrong (= the matter) with her. 她没什么事儿。‎ ‎2. 用作副词，意为“错误地”，与wrongly 同义，但用法上有些差异：‎ ‎(1) 放在动词之后，用wrong 或 wrongly 均可。如：‎ You answered wrong (或wrongly). 你答错了。‎ ‎(2) 在动词或过去分词之前，一般用wrongly。如：‎ The words are wrongly spelled. 这些词拼错了。‎ I wrongly believed that he wanted to go. 我误认为他要去。‎ ‎ ‎ be afraid to do与be afraid of doing ‎1. be afraid to do 指的是按照经验或常识不敢去做某事，或没有勇气去做某事。如：‎ I’m afraid to jump into the river. 我不敢跳进河中。‎ He was afraid to go out at night. 他晚上不敢出去。‎ 注：在现代英语中，有时也可用 be afraid of doing　结构来表示上述意思。如：‎ I’m afraid to tell (或of telling) her. 我不敢告诉她。‎ Don’t be afraid to ask (或of asking) for help. 不要怕请求帮助。‎ ‎2. be afraid of doing 主要用来谈论一件自己(指句子主语)不希望也不能决定而可能突然发生在自己头上的事，这种事往往带有一种疑惧性，即可能发生也可能不发生，只是自己有这样一种得心(即担心发生)。此进不能用 be afraid to do 结构。如：‎ She was afraid of waking her husband. 她怕吵醒她丈夫。‎ I was afraid of hurting his feelings. 我怕伤了他的感情。‎ 请再体会下列句子(from )：‎ I’m afraid to speak English before so many people because I’m afraid of making mistakes. 我不敢在那么多人面前说英语，因为我怕出错。‎ They are afraid to swim because they are afraid of drowning. 他们不敢澳洲，因为他们担心会被淹死。‎ ‎ ‎ beat, hit, strike的区别 ‎1. beat 指反复地打，尤指用木棍或其它较硬的东西打。如：‎ He beat the boy with a stick. 他用棍子打那孩子。‎ 注意以下用法：‎ ‎(1) beat 还可表示“(心脏)跳动”(注意联想心脏跳动的连续性与beat 表示“打”的反复性)。‎ ‎(2) “打鼓”、“打拍子”等均强调动作的连续和反复，因此可分译为：beat a drum, beat time. ‎ ‎2. hit 指有目标地重重一击，侧重击中的意思。如：‎ He hit me in the face, 　他打了我一耳光。‎ ‎3. strike 指急速地或突然地用力打击或敲击。如：‎ The car ran out of control and struck a tree. 汽车失去控制，撞在树上。‎ arrive, get与reach ‎1. 三者均可表示“到达”。注意：arrive 和get 都是不及物动词，前者较正式，后者较口语化。两者之后均不可接宾语，但可接here, there home 之类的表地点的副词作状语。如：‎ When did you arrive?　你什么时候到的？‎ We got (arrived) here last night. 我们昨晚到这儿。‎ ‎2. reach (到达)是及物动词(属较正式用语)，其后可直接跟地点名词作宾语(不能用介词)，也可接here there home 等词。如：reach Beijing (到达北京)；reach home (到家)。‎ ‎3. 表示“到达某地”，可在地点名词之前reach, get to或 arrive in / at (in 一般用于较大的地方，at 用于较小的地方)。如(from )：‎ They reached (或got to / arrived at)the station on time. 他们准时到达车站。‎ appear, look与seem ‎1. 相同点 这三个词都可表示“看起来像”、“似乎”，其后均可接形容词、名词、不定式等，且有时可互换。如：‎ She looks (或seems / appears) (to be) honest. 她似乎很诚实。‎ He looks (或seems / appears) (to be) an honest man. 他看起来像个诚实人。‎ ‎2. 不同点 ‎(1) 含义上的不同：look着重由视觉而得出的印象；appear强调外表给人的印象，有时含有一种并不符合实际的感觉；seem常指有一定根据的内心判断，这种判断往往与实际情况比较接近。试比较：‎ He doesn’t look his age. 他看起来没有他实际年龄那么大。‎ He seems very young. 他看起来很年轻(from )。‎ He may appear a fool but actually he’s quite clever. 他看起来也许很傻，但实际上他很聪明。‎ ‎(2) 结构上的差别：‎ ‎1) look和seem之后可接like，而appear之后不能接。如；‎ He looks (或seems) like a fool. 他看上去像个傻瓜。‎ ‎2) 三者之后均可接不定式，但look后接不定式一般只限于to be。如：‎ She appears to be leaving. 或他看上去很累了。‎ He seemed to laugh at us. 她似乎想走了。‎ He seemed to laugh at us. 他好像在笑我们。‎ ‎3) 三者均可用于以it开头的句子。但要注意：look之后接as if或as though引导的从句，appear 之后接that引导的从句，而seem之后可接that也可接as if / as though 引导的从句。如：‎ It looks (或seems) as if you’re right. 看来你似乎是对的。‎ It appears that I am wrong. 看来是我错了。‎ It seems that he is ill. 他好像是有病(from )。‎ 注：look 在不以it开头的句子里也可后接as if 或as though。另外，appear 之后有时也可接as if。如：‎ They looked as if they didn’t care. 他们看起来好像不在乎。‎ It appears as if they’ve lost interest 看来他们已失去了兴趣。‎ ‎4)在there be 开头的句子中，可用seem和appear, 而不用look。如：‎ There seems (或appears) to be something the matter with her. 他看来像是出了什么事似的。‎ anxious与eager ‎1. 表示“担心的”、“焦虑的”这一意义时，只能用anxious，不用eager；表示 “为……担心”，一般用介词about / for。如：‎ He is anxious about (或for) her safety. 他担心地的安全。‎ ‎2. 表示“热切的”、“渴望的”这一意义时，两者都可用，但有以下几点需注意：‎ ‎(1) anxious之后一般用介词for，而eager之后可接介词for, after, about等。如：‎ He is anxious for a bike. 他渴望有一辆自行车。‎ We are all eager for (或after) knowledge. 我们都来知心切。‎ ‎(2) 两者之后均可接“(for sb. )＋不定式”，表示“渴望或想要(某人)做某事”如：‎ He is anxious (或eager) to marry her. 他渴望能与她结婚。‎ He was anxious (或eager) for me to go. 他想要我去(from )。‎ ‎(3) 两者之后均可接that从句，且从句谓语一般都用“should＋动词原形”。如：‎ I’m anxious (或eager) that they should win. 我很希望他们会获胜。‎ answer与reply ‎1. 两者均可表示“回答”，但answer属常用词，多用于一般性应答，而reply 则较正式，多指经过考虑而作出答复。如：‎ He answered my letter. 他给我回了信。(指他在信中把我提出的问题都作出回答)。‎ 注：answer(回答)可自由地用作及物动词和不及物动词，而reply除后接that从句 或引直接引语是及物动词外，一般只用作不及物动词。若后接宾语，应与介词to 搭配。如：reply to a question / answer a question (回答问题) (from )。‎ ‎2. answer 除表示“回答外”，还可表示“接(电话)”或对门铃等声响作出反应(常与telephone, door, bell, door-bell等；连用)。reply却不能这样用。如：‎ Who answered the telephone? 谁接的电话？‎ A little girl answered the door. 一个小女孩应声去开门。‎ among与between的用法区别 一般说来，among 用于三者或三者以上的“在…中间”，其宾语通常是一个表示笼统数量或具有复数(或集合)意义的名词或代词；而 between 主要指两者之间，其宾语往往是表示两者的名词或代词，或者是由 and 连接的两个人或物： ‎ They hid themselves among the trees. 他们躲在树林中。‎ There was a fight between the two boys. 这两个孩子打过一次架。‎ I’m usually free between Tuesday and Thursday. 我通常在星期二与星期四之间有空。‎ 在下列情况，between 可用于三者(from )：‎ ‎(1) 当两个以上的人或物用 and 连接时：‎ between A, B and C 在 A、B和C 之间 ‎(2) 涉及事物之间的区别或各国之间的关系时：‎ the difference between the three of them 他们三者之间的区别 the relations between various countries 各国之间的关系 ‎(3) 表示“由于…合作的结果”时：‎ Between them they landed the fish. 他们协力把鱼拖上了岸。‎ ‎(4) 在 divide, share 等表示“分享”之类的动词之后，若接一个表示三者或三者以上的复数名词时，用 among 和 between 均可：‎ He divided his money among [between] his five sons. 他把钱分