中考英语语法复习——被动语态文档 8页

‎2010年中考英语语法复习——被动语态 一．被动语态的时态：‎ ‎1.一般现在时的被动语态：‎ am /is/ are +动词的过去分词 ‎2.一般过去时的被动语态：‎ was /were +动词的过去分词 ‎3.一般将来时的被动语态：‎ will be +动词的过去分词 ‎4.现在进行时的被动语态：‎ am /is /are +being +动词的过去分词 ‎5.现在完成时的被动语态：‎ have /has +been +动词的过去分词 ‎6.情态动词的被动语态：‎ 情态动词 + be +动词的过去分词 二．主动语态变被动语态的变法：‎ 口诀：宾变主，主变宾，谓变be done ,时不变，数格必须随被变。‎ 注：1.主动、被动的时态要一致。‎ ‎2.主动、被动的句式要一致。‎ ‎3.变成的被动语态的主语与谓语在单复数上保持一致。‎ 三．特殊情况的被动语态：‎ ‎1.带双宾语的被动语态：‎ 动词+ sb(间宾) +sth(直宾)‎ 口诀：如遇双宾语，一般变间宾，若把直宾变，to /for 间宾连。‎ ‎1).give/pass /show。lend、sell 与介词to 搭配。‎ ‎ give sb sth —— sb +be given sth 或 sth +be given +to sb .‎ ‎2).buy/make/cook mend, build, ,sing与介词for 搭配。‎ ‎ buy sb sth —— sb +be bought + sth 或 sth +be bought +for sb He gave me a book I ______ ______ a book by him. ‎ A book ____ ____ _____ me by him .‎ My mother made me a cake .‎ I ____ _____ a cake by my mother   ‎ A cake ____ ____ ____ me by my mother .‎ ‎2.带省to 的不定式作宾补的被动语态：动词+ sb + do sth .‎ 口诀：感使动词真叫怪，to来to去记心怀，主动语态to离去，被动语态to回来。‎ 动词：make / let /have /see /hear /feel /watch make sb do sth ----sb + be +made +to do sth The boss made the workers work all day The workers ____ ____ ____ work all day by the boss.‎ ‎3.在see /hear /notice /keep +sb +doing sth 句型中变被动语态时，doing 不变。‎ I heard Tom singing just now Tom _____ _____ _____ by me just now .‎ ‎4.以动词短语作谓语的主动语态变被动语态时，不可丢掉后面的介词或副词。‎ We should take care of the old .‎ The old should ______ _____ _____ _____ .‎ 四．注意事项：‎ ‎1.有些及物动词或动词短语不能用于被动语态：‎ ‎ last ,have ,own …..belong to ,suit…fine ,‎ ‎2.不及物动词是没有被动语态：‎ ‎ happen ,take place ,appear , hold (容纳)‎ ‎3.系动词是没有被动语态：‎ ‎ Look, feel ,sound ,smell ,taste ….‎ The dish tastes good .‎ ‎4.有些词组没有被动语态：‎ sell well , write well ,ride well ,drive well This kind of skirt sells well.‎ ‎5.need表示需要时，后面常接doing 形式表示被动意义，相当于to be done .‎ All the computers need repairing .=‎ All the computers need _____ _____ _____ .‎ ‎6.在too…to…及enough to …结构中有时表示被动意义。‎ 六、被动语态常见句型 ‎　　1.be made of 由…构成 (发生物理变化) This desk is made of wood.‎ ‎　　　be made from 由…构成 (发生化学变化) This kind of paper is made from wood.‎ ‎　　　be made in 在…生产或制造 The TV set is made in Japan.‎ ‎　　　be made by 被…制造 These machines are made by the workers.‎ ‎　　2.be used for 被用于… The key is used for locking the door.‎ ‎　　　be used to do 被用于做某事 ‎　　　Man-made satellites are used to send and reveive massages.‎ ‎　　　be used as 被作为…来使用 ‎　　　English is used as a foreign language in many countries.‎ ‎　　3.be covered with 被…覆盖 The ground was covered with snow after it snowed.‎ ‎　　4.be filled with 被…装满 The bottle was filled with water.‎ ‎　　5.It is said that… 据说…‎ ‎　　　It is said that the population of the world was very small long long ago. ‎ 被动语态专题训练题 ‎　　一、把下列句子变为被动语态 ‎　　1.We heard her sing at the party last Sunday.‎ ‎　　2.You must take good care of the children.‎ ‎　　3.He wrote a book on computers.‎ ‎　　4.We planted millions of trees last year.‎ ‎　　5.She told me about it just now.‎ ‎　　6.They are preparing for the exam.‎ ‎　　7.People may use English everywhere in the world.‎ ‎　　二、选择填空 ‎　　(　)1.The hole must be _____ for the tree.‎ ‎　　　　　A.enought large　　　B.large enough　　　C.too large　　　D.very large ‎　　(　)2.Today,too many trees are still _____ in the world.‎ ‎　　　　　A.cutting down　　　 B.cut down　　　　　C.being cut down D.cutted down ‎　　(　)3.English _____ in many countries,but Chinese _____ their own languages.‎ ‎　　　　　A.is spoken,speaks　 B.speaks,is spoken ‎　　　　　C.is spoken,speaken　　　　　　D.is spoken,is spoken ‎　　(　)4.This kind of apple ______ in Jinzhou.‎ ‎　　　　　A.is grown　　　　　 B.grow　　　　　　　C.grew　　　　　　D.are grown ‎　　(　)5.These young trees must ______ after well.‎ ‎　　　　　A.look　　　　　　　 B.looks after　　　 C.be looked　　　 D.looked ‎　　(　)6.My coat is made _____ cool and silk.‎ ‎　　　　　A.to　　　　　　　　 B.for　　　　　　　 C.from　　　　　　D.of ‎　　(　)7.Our teacher was seen ______ to the office a moment ago.‎ ‎　　　　　A.go　　　　　　　　 B.to go　　　　　　 C.going　　　　　 D.goes ‎　　(　)8.The Oxford Castle _____ by Henry·H(1154-1189).It is in very good condition now.‎ ‎　　　　　A.built　　　　　　　B.was built　　　　 C.has been built　D.is built ‎　　(　)9.Ice can be _____ water.‎ ‎　　　　　A.turn into　　　　　B.turn to　　　　　 C.turned into　　 D.turned to ‎　　(　)10.Keys are used for _____ doors.‎ ‎　　　　　A.lock　　　　　　　 B.locked　　　　　　C.locking　　　　 D.locks ‎　　(　)11.When _____ the PRC _____?On October ist.‎ ‎　　　　　A.was,found　　　　　B.was,founded　　　 C.is,found　　D.were,founded ‎　　(　)12.Sorry,all the vegetables ______.Please come tomorrow.‎ ‎　　　　　A.sells well 　　　B.have sold out C.have been sold out　 D.are selling ‎　　(　)13.The man is badly hurt.He _____ to the hospital.‎ ‎　　　　A.has sent　　　　　 B.has been sent　　 C.sent　　　　　　D.has sent for ‎　　(　)14.A big cinema ______ in our town next year.‎ ‎　　　　　A.will put up　　　　B.is putting up　　 C.will be put up　D.has put up ‎　　(　)15.This book _____ by a famouse writer many years ago.‎ ‎　　　　　A.writes　　　　　 B.is written　　　　C.was writen　　　D.was written ‎　　(　)16.She asked me if the story was ______ a real person.‎ ‎　　　　　A.based on　　　　　 B.base on　　　　　 C.bases in　　　　D.based by ‎　　(　)17.Wheat may be grown after the corn and sweet potatoes ______.‎ ‎　　　　　A.harvest　　　B.harvested　　　　 C.is harvest　　　D.are harvested ‎　　(　)18.The greenhouse should be _____ glass.‎ ‎　　　　　A.made of　　　　　　B.made from　　　　 C.made into　　　 D.made in ‎　　(　)19.The strange thing was used ______ wine by ancient people.‎ ‎　　　　　A.for drink　　　　　B.to drink　　　　　C.drinking　　　　D.drinked ‎　　(　)20.In China the money ______ to children for good luck by their parents or other senior in Spring Festival ‎　　　　　A.gives　　　　　　　B.is given　　　　　C.are given　　　 D.give ‎　　三、改写句子 ‎　　1.They built a new school in the village last year.‎ ‎　　　A new school ______ ______ in the village last year.‎ ‎　　2.In the old days people used teapots to make tea.‎ ‎　　　In the old days teapot ______ ______ to make tea.‎ ‎　　3.This makes me feel thirsty.‎ ‎　　　I _____ _____ _____ feel thirsty by this.‎ ‎　　4.Did you buy this bike from the shop?‎ ‎　　　_____ _____ _____ _____ from the shop?‎ ‎　　5.Only this year,millions of trees has been planted by the soldiers.‎ ‎　　　The soldiers ______ ______ millions of trees,this year ______.‎ ‎　　6.We should speak to old men politely.‎ ‎　　　Old men should _____ _____ _____ politely.‎ ‎[中考真题] 1.The telephone ______ by Alexander Graham Bell in 1876.(2008 天津) 　　A.was invented B.has been invented　C.is invented D.will be invented ‎2.A talk on developments in science and technology _____ in the school hall next week.(2007 天津) 　　A.given B.will be given C.has been given D.gives ‎3.This kind of food _____ cool,clean and dry according to the instruction.(2006 天津) 　　A.should be carried B.must be put　C.should be placed D.must be kept ‎4.The flowers ____ every day.Or they’ll die.(2005 天津) 　　A.must water B.can be watered　C.should water D.must be watered ‎3：练习 ‎ ‎1). Put the following sentences into the passive voice (by phrase may be omitted) ‎ ‎1. People speak English in many countries. ‎ ‎2. We built this bridge last year. ‎ ‎3. The tiger in the zoo frightened the little girl. ‎ ‎4. Xiao Liu has invited you to a lunch party. ‎ ‎5. You must not take these magazines out of the reading-room. ‎ ‎6. We shall discuss the problem at tomorrow's meeting. ‎ ‎7. Has anybody fed the birds? ‎ ‎8. People will never forget the accident. ‎ ‎9. You may write this letter in pencil. ‎ ‎10.They are repairing the car in the garage. ‎ ‎11.Someone must have turned on the light without your notice. ‎ ‎12.They have found ways to make waste water clean. ‎ ‎13.Someone must take care of the children when we go out. ‎ ‎14.They won't hold the meeting until next Friday. ‎ ‎15.They gave him a medal for his wonderful work. ‎ ‎16.Thedoctor will ask the patient some questions before he gives her medicine. ‎ ‎17.They made (选举) the young man head of the volleyball team. ‎ ‎18.Someone will tell you how to prepare for the examination (考试). ‎ ‎19.They criticized me for something wrong that I had done. ‎ ‎20.Someone has taken the stranger (陌生人) to another hospital. ‎