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【识记要点】
代 词 学 习
I.人称代词
1.人称代词的主格、宾格,表格如下:
数
人称
格
单数
复数
一
二
三
一
二
三
主格
I
you
She, he, it
we
you
they
宾格
me
you
her , him , it
us
you
them
人称代词的主格在句中充当主语.
I love my country.
She is a good student.
人称代词的宾格在句中充当动词、介词的宾语或表语.
I don’t know her.
His mother is waiting for him outside.
— Who is it?
— It’s me.
3. 人称代词的语序
几个人称代词并列充当主语时,他们的顺序是:
单数形式(二、三、一) you, he and I
复数形式(一、二、三) we, you and they
II.物主代词
1. 物主代词分为形容词性物主代词和名词性物主代词,表格如下:
词义
类型
人称
数
单数
复数
一
二
三
一
二
三
我的
你的
他的
她的
它的
我们的
你们的
他们的
形容
词性
my
your
his
her
its
our
your
their
名词性
mine
yous
his
hers
its
ours
yours
theirs
2. 形容词性物主代词在句中做定语修饰名词,一般不单独使用.
His parents are both office workers.
My name is Jack
3. 名词性物主代词常用来避免前面已提及的名词,相当于“形容词性物主代词+名词”.
— This is my dictionary. Where is yours?
— It’s over there, on the bed.
My idea is quite different from hers.
4. 名词性物主代词可用在of后面作定语,相当于“of+名词所有格”,表示带有部分概念或有一定的感情色彩.
He is a friend of mine. (我的一个朋友)
III.反身代词
1. 反身代词的单复数形式表格如下:
数
人称
单数
复数
第一人称
myself我自己
ourselves我们自己
第二人称
yourself你自己
yourselves你们自己
第三人称
himself他自己
herself她自己
itself它自己
他们自己
themselves 她们自己
它们自己
2. 反身代词的用法
The little boy is too young to look after himself. (作宾语)
I hope you can enjoy yourselves at the party. (作宾语)
The children made model planes themselves. (作同位语)
Please help yourself to some fish. (作宾语)
3. 反身代词的常用词组
teach oneself 自学 learn by oneself 自学 come to oneself 苏醒
hurt oneself 受伤 by oneself 亲自 help oneself to 随便吃……
enjoy oneself 过得愉快,玩得高兴
IV.指示代词
1. 指示代词表格如下:
单数
this
that
复数
that
those
2. 指示代词的用法
(1) this / these
① 近指.
This is my pen. These are my books.
② 指下文要提到的事.
Please remember this: No pains, no gains.
(2) that / those
① 远指.
That’s her bike.
②. 指前面刚刚提到过的事、
He was ill. That was why he didn’t go to school.
3. 打电话时用this介绍自己,that询问对方.
This is Mike speaking. 我是麦克.
Who’s that? 你是谁?
V.疑问代词的用法
疑问代词
主要用法
例句
who
作主语、表语、宾语(作宾语时在口语中不能放在介词后)
Who wants to go with me?
Who are you talking?
whom
who的宾格形式,作宾语
Whom are you talking? / To whom are you talking?
whose
who的所有格形式,作主语、表语、宾语、定语
Whose book is this?
what
what询问某人的职业
— What’s your father?
— He is a worker.
who
who 询问某人的身份、姓名
— Who is the boy under the tree?
— He is Li Ming.
what
what指不定数目中的“哪一个,那一些;什么”,没有一定范围的限定
— Who is the boy under the tree?
— He is Li Ming.
which
which “哪一个”,指在一定范围内特指的人或物
What would you like?
【课后作业】
I.用适当的代词填空.
1. I make ______ (they, their, theirs, them) for workers.
2. The factory is very near ______ (I , my, me, mine) house.
3. What does ______ (Mr Green, Mr Green’s )do?
4. I want to buy ______ (some, any) food for supper this evening.
5. Sorry, you can’t have ______ (some, any) eggs.
6. It sells _____ (lot of, much, a lot of) things.
7. In the evening, I do ______ (your, my, his, her) homework.
8. How _____ (much, many) does it cost?
9. He has a new book, I have ______ (it, one, that), too.
10. Mother bought many oranges and gave the children two ______ (every, each, either).
11.-Can you come next Monday or Tuesday? -____ (Either, Neither, Each, Both) day is OK.
12.- How many pandas did you see? -_____ (No one, None, Not many).
13. ______ (I, you and he, You, he and I) are good friends.
II.单项选择.
( )1. He asked three men Bob, Joe, and ______ to be ready.
A. I B. herself C. me D. himself
( )2. ______ have known each other for ten years.
A. He and I B. I and He C. He and you D. I and you
( )3. Listen to ______ sister!
A. she and she’s B. she and her C. her and she D. her and her
( )4. You’ve dropped your pencil. ______.
A. Pick up it B. Pick it up C. Take up it D.Bring it up
( )5. She is as tall as ____.
A. him B. her C. himself D. she
( )6. What’s that girl? ________.
A. It’s a student B. She’s student C. She’s a student D. She’s a student girl
( )7. Jack gave _______.
A. to her the flowers B. the flowers to hers C. her the flowers D. hers the flowers
( )8. Their parents are ________ teachers.
A. both B. all C. either D. neither
( )9. This room is ________ in the building.
A. bigger than any other one B. biggest than any other one
C. bigger than any one D. the biggest than any other one
( )10. I have four brothers. One is in Shanghai, but _______ are in Shenyang.
A. another B. other C. the other D. the others
III.用所给代词的适当形式填空.
1. This is not my pencil-box. _______ ( I ) is in the bag.
2. Trees are planted in ______ ( we ) country every year, which makes our country more and more beautiful.
3. ---Is that bike Miss Gao’s?
---Yes, it is ______(she). Beautiful, isn’t it?
4. Help ______ (you) to some fruit, Jack.
5. ---Who taught your brother to surf?
---Nobody. He learnt all by _______ (he).
6. Their English teacher is from America, but ______ (we) is from England.
7. Mary’s answer is different from ________ ( I ).
8. ---My watch keeps good time. What about _______(you)?
---Mine? Oh, two minutes slow.
9. Sam is my brother. Do you like to play with ______ (he)?
10. Did you enjoy _______ (you), Mary and Kate?
IV.用适当的疑问代词和关系代词填空.
1. ______ is the population of the world today?
2. _______ jumped the longest of all in the long jump?
3. --- _______ colour is your mother’s dress?
---It’s black.
4. ---______ is your car?
---The red one in front of the tree.
5. ---______ of the following can you often find on a medicine bottle?
---I know sir. It’s instruction.
6. The necklace ______ she is wearing is beautiful.
7. Do you know the person _______ lost his bike?
8. Most people _______ live in less developed countries are quite poor.
9. The boy ______ is helping the old man is John’s brother.
10. People ______ use credit cards to buy things online should be very careful.