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动词的时态
一、 根据时间状语确定时态的原则
1. Hurry up! The play for ten minutes. (2010辽宁)
A. has begun B. had begun C. has been on D. began
[析] 1. C。since后接时间的起点,for后接时间段,主句动词用现在完成时,应注意瞬间动词与延续性动词的使用。
二、 在复合句根据时态呼应确定时态的原则
2. Do you know if back next week? If he back, please let me know. (2010黑龙江 )
A. he comes; will come B. will he come; comes
C. he will come; comes D. will he come; will come
[析] 2. C。if既可引导宾语从句,也可引导状语从句。充当宾语从句的连接词时,相当于whether,词义是“是否”。充当状语从句的连接词时,词义是“如果”。从时态看,if引导宾语从句时谓语动词的时态应根据主句的时态作相应的变化;引导表示将来动作或状态的条件句时,若主句用一般将来时,则从句通常用一般现在时表示将来。
三、 根据上下文已有时态信息点确定时态的原则
3. –When this kind of computer ?
--Last year. (2010天津)
A. did; use B. was; used C. is; used D. are; used
[析] 3. B。此例由下句的时间状语推断出一般过去时态,并且要考虑到被动语态。
四、 利用上下文语意确定时态的原则
4. –Hi! Lin Tao. I didn’t see you at the party.
--Oh, I ready for the maths exam. (2010江西)
A. am getting B. was getting C. got D. have got
[析] 4. B。此例由didn’t, at the party推断出应用过去进行时。
五、 时态中的“特殊”对策的原则
5. The teacher told us yesterday that December 25 Christmas Day. (2010辽宁)
A. is B. was C. has been D. will be
[析] 5. A。 有些动词其动词的时态是“违背常理”的。如宾语从句表示的是一个客观事实或客观真理时,其时态不受主句限制而用一般现在时表示。
考点一:时态在状语从句中的考察。(主要是时态的搭配使用)
A、“主将从现”原则
[例] ---I’ll plan a visit to Hong Kong if it ____ tomorrow .
--- Really ? I think I ________with you .
A. don’t rain , go B. won’t rain , go
C. isn’t rain , will go D. doesn’t rain , will go
B、一般过去时与三种时态的搭配使用:
一般过去时与过去完成时,一般过去时与过去进行时,一般过去时与过去将来时
[例] He was sure that he his wallet in the office .
A. left B. would leave C. had left D. has left
[例] When she _____ at the door, my mother _____ some washing.
A. knocked… did B. was knocking… did
C. knocked… was doing D. knocks… is doing
考点二:语境中时态的对比使用(主要是时态的区分)
A、一般过去时与现在完成时的区别
[例] ----______ you ever ________ Tom before ?
---- No, I _____ him just two minutes ago.
A. Did, know ; met B. Have, known ; have met
C. Have, known; met D. Did, know; had met
B、一般现在时与现在进行时的区别
[例] Mr. Smith _____ short stories, but he ____ a TV play these days.
A. is writing…is writing B. is writing… writes
C. writes… is writing D. writes… writes
C、一般过去时与过去进行时的区别
[例] — How did the accident happen?
— You know, it difficult to see the road clearly because it .
A. was…was raining B. was…had rained
C. is…is raining D. was…rained
考点三:延续性动词在时态中与时间状语的搭配使用(主要是在完成时中的使用)
A、在特殊疑问句中的考查
[例] -- How long ______ you __________England , Sue ?
-- Since two years ago.
A. have, been to B. have , gone to C. have , been in D. have , moved to
B、在句型中的考查
[例] It ______ two years since he _______ the Party.
A. is; has joined B. was; joined
C. has been; joined D. had been; joined
C、在一般过去时与现在完成时之间进行转换中的考查
[例] The meeting has been off for two hours .
It _______________________since _______________.
The meeting ___________________two hours ago.
易错点分析
A、when引导的时间状语从句中,时态的对比使用问题
[例] When I _____ the Children's Palace, the children _____ with joy.
A. visited… was jumping B. was visiting , jumped
C. visited… jumped D. visited , had jumped
[例] My father ______________in this school when he was 12 years old .
A. study B. was studying C. would study D. studied
B、主将从现中,一般将来时的表达方式问题
[例] My sister to see me . She’ll be here soon.
A. comes B. is coming C. had come D. came
C、回答中动词的重复替代问题
[例] ----______ you ______ the text?---- Yes, we _____ it two hours ago.
A. Did, copy; did B. Have, copied; have copied
C. Have, copied; did D. Did, copy; had
D、语境的限制问题
[例] ---Hi! Kelly . I didn't see you at the party.
---Oh, I ________ ready for the maths exam.
A. am getting B. was getting C. got D. have got
E、时态中的“特殊”对策的原则
[例] The teacher told us yesterday that December 25 ________Christmas Day.
A. is B. was C. has been D. will be
F、母语理解干扰的问题
[例] --- I am so sorry , I ____________your number , can you say it again ?
--- 89907622
A. had forgotten B. have forgotten C. forgot D. forget
时态强化练习
1、Both his parents look sad . Maybe they _________what's happened to him .
A. knew B. have known C. must know D.will know
2、He has _______ been to Shanghai , has he ?
A. already B.never C.ever D. still
3、Have you met Mr Li ______?
A. just B. ago C.before D. a moment ago
4、The famous writer _____ one new book in the past two year .
A. is writing B.was writing C.wrote D.has written
5、—Our country ______ a lot so far .
—Yes . I hope it will be even ______ .
A. has changed ; well B. changed ; goodC. has changed ; better D. changed ; better
6、Zhao Lan ______already ______in this school for two years .
A. was ; studying B. will ; studyC. has ; studied D. are ; studying
7、We ______ Xiao Li since she was a little girl .
A. know B. had known C. have known D. knew
8、Harry Potter is a very nice film .I_______ it twice .
A. will see B. have seen C. saw D.see
9、—These farmers have been to the United States .—Really ? When ___ there ?
A. will they go B. did they goC. do they go D. have they gone
10、—______ you ___ your homework yet ?—Yes . I _____ it a moment ago .
A.Did ; do ; finishedB.Have ; done ; finishedC. Have ; done ; have finishedDwill ; do ; finish
11、 His father ______ the Party since 1978 .
A. joined B. has joined C. was in D. has been in
12、—Do you know him well ? — Sure .We _________ friends since ten years ago .
A. were B. have been C. have become D. have made
13、—How long have you ____ here ?—About two months .
A. been B. gone C. come D. arrived
14、Hurry up! The play __________ for ten minutes .
A. has begun B. had begunC. has been on D. began
15、 It _____ ten years since he left the army .
A. is B. has C. will D. was
16、 Miss Green isn't in the office . she_______ to the library .
A.has gone B. went C.will go D. has been
17、My parents ______ Shandong for ten years .
A. have been in B. have been toC. have gone to D. have been
18、The students have cleaned the classroom, ?
A. so they B. don’t they C. have they D. haven’t they
19、 has Mr White been a member of Greener China since he to China?
A. How soon, comes B. How often, got C. How long, came D. How far, arrived
20、 His uncle for more than 9 years.
A. has come here B. has started to work C. has lived there D. has left the university
动词的语态
中考动词语态考点分析
1. 行为主体不明确,不必说出或者无法说出动作的执行者时。
Football is played all over the world.
2. 不易找到或根本就找不到动作的执行者时。
My bike was stolen.
3. 汉语含有“据说”、“有人说”等时。
It is said that another bridge has been built over the Changjiang River.
4. 汉语中含有“被”、“由”等词时。
Wei Hua is asked to come by Lin Tao.
5. 汉语中没有“被”、“由”等词,而在原句中试加这类词且句意通顺时。
These songs are usually sung by boys.
6. 某些句子习惯上用被动语态。
He was born in October, 1988.
7. 表示礼貌时。
You are friendly invited to come to our English party at 8:00p.m. tomorrow.
(Note: 用于被动语态中的动词是及物动词,不及物动词不能用被动语态。)
语态实战模拟
( ) 1. I don’t know the school, but it’s to be quite a good one. (2010苏州市)
A. told B. spoken C. talked D. said
( ) 2. Please don’t stand up in class until you . (2010泰州市)
A. were told to B. are told to C. were told D. are told
( )3. If Mg in O2, we MgO, and it combination reaction
(化学变化). (2010泰州市)
A. will burn; get; calls B. burns; will get; called
C. will burn; can get; is calling D. burns; will get; is called
( ) 4. Please tell me when on the wall. (2010无锡市)
A. has this map hung B. was this map hung
C. this map has hung D. this map was hung
( ) 5. The doctor will operate on him at once as soon as he the hospital. (2010常州)
A. is sent to B. will be taken to
C. leaves D. doesn’t return
( ) 6. They won’t be back until the work . (2010南通市)
A. do B. does C. is done D. will do
( ) 7. The medicine cool, clean and dry. (2010天津市)
A. must keep B. must be kept C. must be carried D. must be in
( ) 8. –Where’re the old houses here?
--Oh, they by the end of last century, and a new tall building
here soon. (2010深圳市)
A. have been pulled down; is going to be built
B. were pulled down; will be built
C. had been pulled down; is going to be built
D. had been built; is going to be pulled down
( ) 9. You can’t leave now. There are still twenty more trees . (2010河北)
A. to plant B. being planted C. plant D. to be planted
( )10. –Where’s your car?
--There’s something wrong with it and it in the garage now. (2010 四川)
A. is repaired B. is being repaired
C. has been repaired D. will be repaired
中考英语时态和语态综合模拟题
( ) 1. Don’t make so much noise. We _______ to the music.
A. listened B. listen C. are listening D. have listened
( ) 2. I must return the camera to Li Lei. I _______ it for two weeks.
A. keep B. borrowed C. have kept D. have lent
( ) 3. –When will you tell him the good news?
--I will tell him about it as soon as he _______ back.
A. comes B. came C. will come D. is coming
( ) 4. –Dad, please open the door, it _______. –OK, dear. I’m coming.
A. locks B. locked C. is locked D. was locked
( ) 5. –Did you go to Jim’s birthday party? --No, I _______.
A. am not invited B. wasn’t invited
C. haven’t invited D. didn’t invite
( ) 6. A talk on Chinese history _______ in the school hall next week.
A. be given B. has been given C. will be given D. will give
( ) 7. You may go fishing if your work _______
A. is done B. will be done C. has doneD. have done
( ) 8. –What do you think of the football match yesterday?
-Well. It’s surprising. The strongest team of our school _______.
A. was beaten B. won C. scored D. was failed
( ) 9. –Would your younger brother go for a picnic this Sunday?
--If I don’t go, _______.
A. so does he B. so he will C. neither will heD. neither does he
( ) 10. The trees must _______ three times a week.
A. water B. is watering C. be watered D. waters
( ) 11. –Did you see Tom at the party?
-- No, he _______ by the time I got there.
A. left B. was leaving C. had left D. has left
( ) 12. –Why not go to see the dolphin show with me?
--Because I ______ it.
A. saw B. will see C. see D. have seen
( ) 13. –Do you like watching cooking programs n TV?
--No, I don’t, but my twin brother _______. He’s very fond of cooking.
A. does B. do C. is D. are
( ) 14. Catherin _______ the letter before her mother came into her bedroom.
A. has written B. was written C. had written D. is writing
( ) 15. The old man is quite weak after the accident, so he _______
A. must take care of B. must be take care of
C. must look after D. must be looked after
( ) 16. The ticket is on the floor. Would you please _______ for me?
A. pick it up B. pick up it C. pick up them D. pick them up
( ) 17. He _______ living in the country to the city.
A. likes B. prefers C. enjoys D. loves
( ) 18. How long have you _______ the book?
A. bought B. lent C. had D. borrowed
( ) 19. –Do you know him well ? --Sure. We _______ friend since ten years ago.
A. were B. have been C. have become D. have made
( ) 20. _______ me carefully, boys and girls. Can you _______ me?
A. Listen to; hear B. Hear; listen to
C. Hear; hear D. Listen to; hear from
( ) 21. –These farmers have been to the United States.
–Really? When ______ there?
A. will they go B. did they go C. do they go D. have they gone
( ) 22. I’m sorry I haven’t got any money. I _______ my handbag at home.
A. have missed B. have left C. have put D. have forgotten
( ) 23. –Where is Miss Gao. Lily? --She _______ to the teachers’.
A. has been B. has gone C. went D. would go
( ) 24. When her father came back home, Joan _______ with her friend.
A. talked B. talks C. is talking D. was talking
( ) 25. –What’s that thing with three legs?
--It’s a cup. It ______ for drinking in the old days.
A. uses B. used C. is used D. was used
( ) 26. His uncle _______ in three days.
A. returns B. has returned C. returned D. will return
( ) 27. –Hi, Lin Tao. I didn’t see you at the party.
--Oh, I _______ ready for the maths exam.
A. am getting B. was getting C. got D. have got
( ) 28. –Excuse me. What did you say you would like to do, Miss White?
--I said I’d better go back to the office. I _______ something this afternoon.
A. would meet B. meet C. am going to meet D. was meeting
( ) 29. What _______ the forest in our country in the last ten years.
A. has happened do B. is happened to
C. has happened at D. is happening
( ) 30. –What did Mr Jones do before he moved here? --He _______ a city bus for over twenty-five years.
A. is driving B. drove C. has driven D. drives
( ) 31. –When _______ you _______ your homework? --I had finished it before he _______ back.
A. have; finished; came B. have; finished; was coming
C. did; finish; came D. did; finish; was coming
( ) 32. Look! The boys _______ happily in the river.
A. swim B. swamC. will swim D. are swimming
( ) 33. Every spring, many trees _______ along the river.
A. were planted B. is planted C. will be planted D. are planted
( ) 34. The letter _______ in French. I can’t read it.
A. is writing B. is written C. wrote D. writes
( ) 35. If Mary _______ next Sunday, we will go boating together.
A. will come B. comes C. shall come D. should come
( ) 36. We expected that the English teacher ____ some advice on how to write an English letter.
A. will give B. gave C. is going to give D. would give
( ) 37. Five years ago nobody knew him, although he _______ more than 100 songs.
A. already wrote B. have already written
C. had already written D. was already writing
( ) 38. So far I _______ any success. However, I’ll keep trying.
A. don’t have B. didn’t have C. haven’t had D. won’t have
( ) 39. It was the third time that I _______ in at his office.
A. have dropped B. had dropped C. dropped D. was dropping
( ) 40. I often see Tom _______ homework while I am watching TV every evening.
A. do B. doing C. did D. to do
( ) 41. The flowers want _______. Look, the soil is so dry.
A. watering B. being watered C. to water D. waters
( ) 42. –Be careful! You might fall into the water.
--Thank you. I ______ I _______ so close to the pool
.A. didn’t know; am standing B. don’t know; am standing
C. didn’t know; was standing D. didn’t know; would stand
( ) 43. –Excuse me. Where is the sick boy sent here a moment ago?
--He ______ by the doctor.
A. has been examined B. will be examined
C. is examined D. is being examined
( ) 44.—Have you got the airplane tickets?
--No. when I _______ to the office, all the tickets to Beijing ______ out.
A. get; have been sold B. got; had been sold
C. got; had sold D. got; were being sold
( ) 45. –Your name again? I _______ quite catch it. –Bartholomew Liveli.
A. didn’t B. don’t C. couldn’t D. can’t
( ) 46. – Whom are you waiting for?
--Gary’s parents. But neither of them _______ yet.
A. arrived B. has arrived C. are arriving D. is arriving
( ) 47. He _______ in bed all day long because he had a headache.
A. lie B. lay C. laid D. lied
( ) 48. Would you _______ your voice a little so that everyone can hear you?
A. rise B. put C. lift D. raise
( ) 49. More and more people began to _______ that good health means good wealth.
A. learn B. understand C. consider D. realize
Key: 1----5 CCDDA 6----10 CBCDD 11-15 BDCDB 16-20 CACAD
1—5 CADCB 6—10 ADCDC 11—15 BDDCD 16—20 DAACB
21—25 BACAD 26—30 CCDBD 31—35 CDCDC 36—42 BBDCDBA
1—5 CCACB 6—10 CAACC 11—15 CDACD 16—20 ABCBA
21—25 BBBDD 26—30 DBCAB 31—36 CDDBB 36—40 DCCBB
41—45 ACDBA 46—49 BBDD