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  • 2021-05-10 发布

中考总复习英语百色精讲专题9 情态动词

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专题九 情态动词 百色五年中考命题规律及趋势 近五年百色中考考情分析 ‎2019年百色中考命题预测 年份 考查角度 考查重点 题号 分值 预计2019年百色中考对情态动词的考查仍是重点。倾向于考查情态动词在具体语境中的用法。主要以选择填空、完形填空的形式进行考查。考查的小题数约1—2道。‎ ‎2019‎ ‎/‎ ‎/‎ ‎/‎ ‎/‎ ‎2019‎ 情态动词的用法 情态动词must表必须的用法 ‎37‎ ‎1‎ ‎2019‎ 情态动词的用法 对must开头的疑问句作否定回答的用法 ‎32‎ ‎1‎ ‎2019‎ 情态动词的用法 情态动词may表不确定的推测的用法 ‎35‎ ‎1‎ ‎2019‎ 情态动词的用法 情态动词may表请求的用法 ‎32‎ ‎1‎ 百色中考语法突破 情态动词表示说话者的情感、态度和语气,本身有一定的意义,但不能单独作谓语,须与动词原形一起构成句子的谓语。情态动词没有人称和数的变化。‎ ‎ 情态动词的基本用法 情态 动词 用法 例句 can 表能力,“能、会”‎ Sam can speak English.萨姆会讲英语。‎ 表请求、允许,“可以”‎ Can I borrow your bike?我可以借用你的自行车吗?‎ could can的过去式,“能、会”,表过去的能力 Lang Lang could play the piano when he was young.郎朗很小的时候就会弹钢琴了。‎ 在疑问句中表委婉的请求,注意回答用can/can't ‎—Could I have one cup of tea?我能喝一杯茶吗?‎ ‎—Sure,you can.当然可以。‎ must 表主观看法,“必须、应该”‎ You must finish your homework first!你必须先完成你的作业。‎ have to 表客观看法,“必须、不得不”‎ It's raining,so I have to stay at home.下雨了,所以我不得不待在家里。‎ should ‎“应该”,表要求和命令,也可表劝告或建议 We should keep healthy.我们应该保持健康。‎ need ‎“需要”,主要用于否定句和疑问句中 You needn't say sorry to him.你不需要对他说对不起。‎ 续表 情态 动词 用法 例句 may 表请求、许可,“可以”‎ You may sit here if you want.如果你想的话,你可以坐这。‎ may用于疑问句时,否定回答用mustn't/can't ‎—May I use your bike?我能用你的自行车吗?‎ ‎—Sorry,you can't.对不起,你不能。‎ might may的过去式 He asked if he might go home.他问是否他可以回家。‎ 表请求、许可,语气比may更委婉 Might I smoke here?我能在这吸烟吗?‎ will,‎ would 表必然性,“将会”‎ Fish will die without water.鱼没有水将会死亡。‎ 表意愿、意志,“愿意”‎ I will tell you all about it.我愿意告诉你关于它的一切。‎ 询问对方的意愿或提出请求,用于疑问句,would 比will委婉、礼貌 Will/Would you go with me?你会和我去吗?‎ 选择填空。‎ ‎( A )1.(2019咸宁中考)—Mom,________ I play computer games this evening?‎ ‎—Sure,but you ________ finish your homework first.‎ A.can;must B.can;mustn't C.may;could D.may;can't ‎( C )2.(2019资阳中考)—________ I have a talk with you now?‎ ‎—Sorry,I'm quite busy.‎ A.Will B.Must C.May D.Need ‎( D )3.(2019无锡中考)—Didn't you see the zebra crossing? You ________ slow down,son!‎ ‎—Sorry,sir.Am I going to fail the test?‎ A.can't B.can C.mustn't D.must ‎ 情态动词的否定用法 情态动词 否定式 含义 用法 例句 mustn't 不准/千万 不要 表禁止 You mustn't play football on the road.你不准在路上踢足球。‎ shouldn't 不应该 表责任/‎ 义务  ‎ We shouldn't waste water.我们不应该浪费水。‎ needn't 不需要/‎ 不必  ‎ 表需求 You needn't clean the room.你不需要打扫房间。‎ 是must用 于问句时的 否定答语 固定用法 ‎—Must I finish my homework now?我必须现在完成作业吗?‎ ‎—No,you needn't.不,你不需要。‎ had better not 最好不要 表劝告/‎ 建议 You had better not smoke.It's bad for your health.你最好不要吸烟。它对你的健康有害。‎ can't 不能 表不允许 ‎—Can I watch TV?我能看电视吗?‎ ‎—No,you can't.不,你不能。‎ couldn't 不可能 表推测(可能性小) ‎ The ball couldn't be Jim's.He doesn't play balls.这个球不可能是吉姆的。他不打球。‎ ‎( D )1.(2019荆州中考)—Can we walk across the road now?‎ ‎—No,we ________.We have to wait until the light turns green.‎ A.couldn't B.needn't C.shouldn't D.mustn't ‎( B )2.(河池中考)Students ________ be allowed to get their ears pierced.‎ ‎ A.needn't B.shouldn't C.can D.may ‎( A )3.—Must I return the books today?‎ ‎—No,you________.You can keep them for three days.‎ A.needn't B.can't C.mustn't D.shouldn't ‎  情态动词表推测的用法 情态动词 含义 推测用法 例句 must 一定/准是 肯定的推测 There must be a girl singing next door.Can't you hear her beautiful voice?隔壁一定有个女孩正在唱歌。你没听到她美妙的声音吗?‎ may 或许/可能 不太有把握的推测,might,could表示的可能性更小 ‎—Bob,Where is Linda?鲍勃,琳达在哪里?‎ ‎—She may/might/could be in the library,but I am not sure.她可能在图书馆,但我不确定。‎ might could can't 不可能 否定的推测 ‎—Is that Kate's cat?那是凯特的猫吗?‎ ‎—It can't be hers.Her cat has white color.不可能是她的,她的是只白猫。‎ can 或许/可能 不太有把握的推测,用于疑问句中 Can it be a dog outside the door?门外会不会是只狗呢?‎ 选择填空。‎ ‎( A )1.(2019宜昌中考)—Mum,I've signed for a big box by Future Express(快递).What's in it?‎ ‎—I'm not sure.It ________ be a present from your brother.‎ A.might B.must C.should D.will ‎( A )2.(2019十堰中考)—I went to Mount Wudang with my five friends in one small car last weekend.‎ ‎ —Oh,my god!I think it ________ be an uncomfortable trip.‎ ‎ A.must B.can't C.may D.shouldn't ‎( A )3.(原创题)This green bottle ________ belong to Edward.His is blue.‎ A.can't B.might C.can D.may not 百色五年真题回顾 ‎(  )1.(2019百色中考)Cars,buses and bikes ________ stop when traffic lights change to red.‎ A.may B.need C.can D.must ‎【解析】考查语境理解及情态动词的词义辨析。句意:当交通信号灯变红的时候,小汽车、公交车和自行车都________停下来。may可能;need需要;can能,可以;must必须。根据常识可选出答案。‎ ‎【答案】D ‎(  )2.(2019百色中考)—Mum,must I clean the house right now?‎ ‎—No,you ________.You can do it after finishing your homework.‎ ‎ A.needn't B.mustn't C.can't D.shouldn't ‎【解析】考查语境理解及情态动词的用法。句意:妈妈,我必须现在打扫房间吗?不,你________。你可以做完作业再打扫。needn't 不需要,回答must提问的问句;mustn't一定不要,禁止;can't不会,不能;shouldn't不应该。根据语境可知答案。‎ ‎【答案】A ‎(  )3.(2019百色中考)—How is your father going to Nanning?‎ ‎—I'm not sure.He ________ drive there.‎ A.may B.can C.must D.will ‎【解析】考查语境理解及情态动词词义辨析。句意:你的父亲怎么去南宁?我不确定。他________开车去那里。may可能,或许,语气较委婉;can能,语气较强;must必须,语气非常强烈;will将要。根据句意及语境可知答案。‎ ‎【答案】A ‎(  )4.(2019百色中考)—________ I smoke here?‎ ‎—No,you mustn't for it is not smoking area here.‎ A.Can B.Should C.Must D.May ‎【解析】考查语境理解及情态动词的用法。句意:我________在这抽烟吗?不能。因为这里不是吸烟区。can表示请求、允许,意为“可以”;should表示要求和命令,也可以表示劝告或建议,意为“应该”;must表示主观看法,意为“必须,一定”;may 表示请求、许可,意为“可以”。may的语气较庄重、正式,而can较通俗、随便。根据句意及语境可选出答案。‎ ‎【答案】D 考点抢测 选择填空。‎ ‎( C )1.(2019内江中考)The blue coat ________ be Tony's.He never wears blue clothes.【考点❸】         ‎ A.can B.must C.can't D.mustn't ‎( D )2.(2019武威中考)—Can we play soccer here?‎ ‎—No,you ________play it near the road.That's too dangerous!【考点❷】‎ A.can B.may C.won't D.mustn't ‎( A )3.(2019黄冈中考)—Must I finish reading the book today,Mr.Brown?‎ ‎—No,you ________.You can finish it in two days.【考点❷】‎ A.needn't B.mustn't C.can't D.couldn't ‎( B )4.(2019安徽中考)—May I watch TV,Dad?‎ ‎—When your homework is finished,you ________.【考点❶】‎ A.should B.can C.must D.need ‎( C )5.(2019滨州中考)—________ I swim here?‎ ‎ —I'm sorry.Children ________ swim alone here.It's very dangerous.【考点❶、❷】‎ A.Must;can't B.May;must C.Can;mustn't D.Can't;can