2014中考英语语法专题非谓语动词教师版 9页

‎2014中考英语语法专题---非谓语动词（教师版）‎ ‎★★★★★不定式作主语 ‎【2013黑龙江齐齐哈尔】It takes me half an hour ______the piano every day.‎ ‎ A. play B. playing C. to play ‎【2012贵州贵阳】 It took Janet three hours _______ reading this interesting story.‎ ‎ A. to finish B. finished C. finishing ‎【2012广东】 It took me two weeks ____ reading the novels written by Guo Jingming. . ‎ ‎ A. finish B. to finish C. finishes D. finishing ‎ ‎【2011四川宜宾】It is very important for us ________ English well.‎ A. learn B. learning C. to learn D. learned ‎【解析】句型It +be+adj+for sb+to do sth.“做某事对某人怎么样”。‎ ‎【2011贵州贵阳】 It is our duty _________our hometown clean and beautiful. We must do something for it.‎ A. to keep B. keeps C. keeping ‎【解析】句型it is + 名词 + to do sth.结构。‎ ‎【2011安徽芜湖】 —I often have hamburgers for lunch. ‎ ‎— You’d better. It’s bad for you ______ too much junk food. ‎ A. eat B. to eat C. eating D. ate ‎ ‎【解析】It为形式主语，动词不定式to eat too much junk food 作真正的主语。‎ ‎★★★★★不定式作宾语 ‎【2013天津】He promised ______his old friend during his stay in Tianjin.‎ ‎ A. see B. seeing C. saw D. to see ‎【解析】promise to do sth.意为“许诺做某事”。‎ ‎【2013河北】The children decide______their school yard this Friday afternoon.‎ ‎　A. clean B. to clean C. cleaning D. cleaned ‎【解析】decide后接动词不定式，表示决定去做某事 ‎【2013 甘肃白银】The little boy pretended _______ when his mother came in.‎ ‎ A. sleeping B. asleep C. to asleep D. to be asleep ‎ ‎【解析】pretend to do sth，假装做某事 ‎【2013 甘肃白银】haven’t decided when ________ a holiday yet.‎ ‎ A. took B. taking C. to take D take ‎【解析】疑问词+ to do是固定搭配。‎ ‎【2013江苏淮安】 At times, parents find it difficult ________ with their teenage children. ‎ A. talk B. talked C. talking D. to talk ‎【解析】, find+it+adj.+for sb.+to do sth.发现做某事是…, 因此用动词不定式。‎ ‎【2013山东济宁】— I will go to Harbin for my summer vacation. What about you?‎ ‎—I haven’t decided where ________.‎ A. go B. went C. going D. to go ‎【解析】decide后可接宾语从句，也可接“疑问词+不定式”结构。‎ ‎【2013四川雅安】Students should learn how ______problems.‎ A. solve B. solving C. can solve D. to solve ‎【解析】考查疑问词加不定式作宾语的用法。‎ ‎【2013山东青岛】— Excuse me. Could you please tell me ______ my car?‎ ‎—Sure. Park it right here. I’ll help you.‎ A. how to stop B. where to park C. where to stop D. when to park ‎【解析】考查“疑问词+不定式”的用法。‎ ‎★★★★★不定式作宾语补足语，主语补足语 ‎【2013 上海】Even Tony’s granddaughter, a five-year-old girl, asked him ________smoking.‎ ‎ A. give up B. gave up C. to give up D. giving up ‎【解析】ask sb to do sth,让某人做某事。‎ ‎【2013广东广州】I always tell my students ______ on the road because it’s really dangerous. ‎ ‎ A. not to play B. to play not C. not playing D. not play ‎ ‎【解析】tell sb. not to do sth.意为“告诉某人不要做某事”。‎ ‎【2013山东济南】 It was time for class. Mr. King asked all the children ___________ down quietly.‎ A. sit B. sat C. to sit D. sitting ‎【解析】选C。考查非谓语动词。句中动词为ask，后接动词不定式作宾语补足语，即ask sb. to do sth.“要求某人做某事”。所以答案选C。‎ ‎【2013 湖南衡阳】My parents asked me _______computer games.‎ ‎ A. not playing B. not to play C. not play ‎ ‎【解析】本题考查动词不定式的用法。告诉某人不做某事用tell sb. not to do sth.。故选B。‎ ‎【2013四川南充】Jack’s teacher asked him ________ off the lights after class.‎ ‎ A. turning B. turned C. to turn ‎ ‎【解析】考查动词不定式用法。ask sb to do sth. “请某人做某事”，to do sth.作宾语补足语，故本题选C。‎ ‎【2013江西】Lucy is shy. She would not invite her classmates _____dancing with her.‎ A. practice B. practices C. practicing D. to practice ‎【解析】 考查非谓语动词的用法，invite的用法是 invite sb. to do sth. 故选 to practice。‎ ‎【2013广西贺州】 Our teacher often tells us _____ in the river. It’s dangerous.‎ A. don’t swim B. not swim C. not to swim D. not swimming ‎【解析】考查动词的用法。句意为：老师经常告诉我们_______在河里游泳。那很危险。Tell sb. to do告诉某人做某事；tell sb. not to do告诉某人别做某事；根据后句可知句意为 “老师告诉我们不要在河里游泳”，故选not to swim, 答案为C。‎ ‎【2013江苏扬州】— What are you going to do when you grow up?‎ ‎— A singer, but my parents wish me ________ a teacher.‎ ‎ A. am B. to be C. will be D. be ‎【解析】wish sb to do sth“希望某人做某事”。‎ ‎【2013山东临沂】My parents often tell me ______ too much junk food because it’s bad for my health.‎ A. not eating B. not to eat C. eating D. to eat ‎【2013辽宁鞍山】Jessica's parents always encourage her ____________out her opinions.‎ A. speak B. speaking C. to speak D. will speak ‎【解析】encourage sb. to do sth.“鼓励某人做某事”。‎ ‎【2013湖北随州】—What did your teacher say this morning?‎ ‎　—She told us ______ make faces in class.‎ ‎　to not B. not to C. do not D. didn't ‎【解析】tell sb. not to do sth.“告诉某人不干某事”。‎ ‎【2013山东威海】—Excuse me. Could you tell me ______ get to the nearest post office?‎ ‎—Sorry, I am new here.‎ A. how can I B. how I could C. how to D. what I can ‎【解析】考查“特殊疑问词+不定式结构”的用法。‎ ‎【2013陕西】Mary called and asked her husband ________home at once , because she locked their daughter in the home . ‎ A. to leave B. leave C. go D. to go ‎ ‎*****【2013 甘肃白银】——George was heard _______ just now. What happened?‎ ‎ ——People was telling a joke.‎ ‎ A. to cry B. cry C. to laugh D. laugh ‎【解析】；be heard to do sth意为：被听到做某事。‎ ‎【2013江苏南京】—Why are you so excited today?‎ ‎—We were told _______a picnic this weekend.‎ A. have B. to have C. having D. had ‎【2013黑龙江齐齐哈尔】 Animals are our close friends. We are supposed _______them.‎ ‎ A. to protect B. protecting C. protect ‎【解析】be supposed to do sth.“应该/ 被期望做某事”所以选择答案A。‎ ‎【2013黑龙江齐齐哈尔】The boy is often heard _______ in the music room. He sings very well.‎ ‎ A. practice singing B. to practice singing C. practiced singing ‎【答案】B ‎【解析】考查被动语态的中的非谓语动词用法。根据句意动词hear在主动语态中，后面跟不带to的动词不定式作宾补，而变成被动语态后，to必须加上。‎ ‎【2010河北】I’d like you ________ for a picnic with us.‎ A. go B. to go C. going D. went ‎【解析】Would like sb to do sth意为“想要某人去做某事”，是固定搭配。‎ ‎★★★★★感觉动词，使役动词等后的宾补 ‎【2013湖北黄石】Seeing their teacher _______ into the classroom, they stopped _______ at once.‎ A. walk; telling B. entering; to speak C. enter; to tell D. walking; talking ‎【解析】see sb doing sth 看见某人正在做某事；stop doing sth 停止做某事。‎ ‎【2013山东莱芜】When I walked past the park, I saw some old people ________ Chinese Taiji.‎ A. do B. did C. doing D. are doing ‎【解析】see sb. doing sth 是指“看见某人正在做某事”，不是全过程，表正在进行；see sb. do sth 是指“看见某人做过某事”，是看见事情发生的全过程(此处do前省略to)。‎ ‎【2013广东梅州】I found a letter ______ on the floor when I came into the classroom. ‎ ‎ A. lying B. lay C. lie D. lies ‎ ‎【解析】find sb. doing sth. 发现某人做某事。‎ ‎【2013四川凉山】Everyone may feel time ______very quickly when they do something interesting.‎ ‎ A. go by B. to go by C. went by ‎【解析】动词feel表示“感觉”，后跟动词不定式作宾语补足语时动词不定式符号to要省略。句意为“每个人都能感到时间的快速流逝”。‎ ‎【2013重庆】He lost his key．It made him _____in the cold to wait for his wife’s return．‎ A．to stay B stayed C．stays D．stay ‎【解析】make sb. do表示使某人做某事。句意为“他丢失了钥匙，这使他呆在寒风中等待他妻子回来”。 ‎ ‎*****【2013黑龙江绥化】He wants to have his TV ________.‎ ‎ A. repairing B. repaired C. to repair ‎【解析】have sb./sth. doing让某人/某物一直做某事；have sth. done让某事被……；某物遭受……；have sth. to do有某事要去做。句意：他让别人帮他修电视。电视机是被修理，TV和repair之间是被动关系，用过去分词表示被动。‎ ‎【2011肇庆】The assistant won’t let you ______ the cinema if you haven’t a ticket.‎ ‎ A. enter B. to enter C. entering ‎ ‎【解析】let sb do sth---让某人做某事。‎ ‎【2012贵州安顺】When I went into the room，I found _____ in bed． ‎ A．him lying B．he lying C．he lies D．him was lying ‎【2011大庆】The thief was noticed _____the office building by the back door on the screen.‎ A. enter B. enter into C. to enter D. to enter into ‎★★★★★不定式作目的状语 ‎【2013湖北十堰】 How kind you are! You always do what you can __________ others. ‎ ‎ A. help B. helping C. helps D. to help ‎【解析】不定式作目的状语，故选D。此题的最大迷惑项是在空格前有情态动词can ，学生很容易误选A。‎ ‎【2013哈尔滨】Vocabulary is important to language learning. Therefore, you’d better try different ways you can think of ______ words and expressions.‎ ‎　A. remember B. to remember C. remembering ‎【解析】词汇对学习语言很重要，所以，你最好尝试你所能想到的方法来记住单词和表达。这里用动词不定式作目的状语。‎ ‎【2013山东泰安】—Why is Linlin practicing speaking English? ‎ ‎ —_______ abroad for further study. ‎ ‎ A. Go B. Gone C. To go D. Goes ‎ ‎【解析】动词不定式表目的。‎ ‎【2013浙江舟山、嘉兴】—I’m new here.‎ ‎ —Don’t worry. I’ll do what I can ________ you.‎ ‎ A. help B. to help C. invite D. to invite ‎【解析】此处使用动词不定式表示目的。‎ ‎【2013四川内江】 He hurried back home ____ his schoolbag.‎ ‎ A. fetched B. to fetch C. fetching D. fetches ‎【2013江苏苏州】Paul made a nice cage______ the little sick bird till it could fly.‎ A. keep B. kept C. keeping D. to keep ‎【解析】由句意“保罗做了一个好看的笼子来养那只生病的小鸟，直到它能飞”，后面动词不定式作目的状语。‎ ‎【2013湖南株洲】All the Chinese people must work hard ______China Dream.‎ ‎ A. to realize B. realize C. realizing ‎【解析】根据前面句意为“所有的中国人必须努力工作”，和后面句意为“实现中国梦”‎ ‎，可知不定式作目的状语。‎ ‎【2011浙江绍兴】— Do you know why he left so early?‎ ‎—_______for the English test, I guess.‎ A. To study B. Study C. Studied D. Studying ‎ ‎【解析】非谓语动词的用法。根据句意“你知道他为什么离开那么早吗？”“我猜是为了英语考试。”，表示目的，用动词不定式。‎ ‎【2012 内蒙古包头】 energy, turn off the hot water after you take a shower.‎ A. Save B. Saving C. Saved D. To save ‎【2012山东聊城】________ English well, one must have a lot of practice.‎ A. Speaks B. To speak C. Spoken D. Speak ‎【2011桂林】 Mr Wang does what he can ________ us improve our English. ‎ ‎ A. help B. to help C. helping D. helped ‎【解析】用动词不定式作目的状语。因此选B。此题容易把can看为谓语动词，因此错选A。‎ ‎★★★★★不定式作结果状语 ‎【2013浙江杭州】 She’s not strong enough _______ walking up mountains.‎ A. to go B. going C. go D. went ‎【解析】不定式to go做结果状语，由句意“她的年龄还没足够达到去爬山的地步”。be enough to do sth 是固定句型，足够达到什么程度做某事。‎ ‎【2010黑龙江·哈尔滨】As teenagers，we’re old enough ______ with housework．We can help set the table，wash the dishes and clean our own rooms．‎ ‎  A．to help                   B．helping               C．helped ‎★★★★★动词不定式、现在分词、过去分词作定语 ‎【2013四川凉山】When you move somewhere new, the first thing for you is to find a place .‎ A. to live B. living in C. to live in ‎【解析】当动词不定式作定语和前文名词存在动宾关系，动词若是不及物动词，需要在动词后加介词构成动宾关系。 ‎ ‎【2013贵州安顺】“Who’s the boy in white T-shirt _____ under the tree?” “My friend.”‎ ‎ A. stand B. to stand C. stood D. standing ‎【解析】现在分词作定语强调动作的存在性或正在进行性。‎ ‎【2013贵州安顺】 He often drinks two cups of ______ water when he comes back.‎ A. boiling B. boil C. boiled D. boils ‎【解析】过去分词作定语表被动。boiled water意思是烧开的水，而boiling water意思是沸腾的水。‎ ‎【2011乌鲁木齐】Water Park is a good place ______ .‎ A. to have fun B. have fun C. having fun D. to have a fun ‎【解析】此处to have fun作定语修饰place。‎ ‎【河北省2011】Whenever you have a chance English, you should take it.‎ A. speak B. to speak C. spoke D. speaks ‎【解析】have a chance to do sth，有机会做某事，后跟动词不定式。‎ ‎【2010潍坊】At least 300 million people are using QQ _________ by Ma Huateng to chat on line．‎ A．create                  B．creates                 C．creating                 D．created ‎【解析】句中created by Ma Huateng用来修饰说明QQ，creat与QQ之间存在被动关系，应该使用creat的过去分词 ‎【2010甘肃兰州】---What are on show in the museum?‎ ‎ ---Some photos _____by the children of Yushu‎, ‎Qinghai.‎ A. have been taken B.were taken C. are taken D. taken ‎【解析】本题考查过去分词作定语的用法。taken 作some photos 的定语，分词短语作定语要放在被修饰词的后面。‎ ‎★★★★★动词后接to do与doing的语义差别 ‎【2013黑龙江绥化】Remember ________ off the lights when you leave the room, please.‎ ‎ A. to turn B. turning C. turn ‎【解析】remember to do 记得去做某事，这件事情还没有做；remember doing 记得做过的事情，这件事情已经做过。【2013湖北孝感】—Dad, why must I stop ______ computer games?‎ ‎ —For your health, my boy.‎ ‎ A. play B. to play C. to playing D. playing ‎【解析】stop to do sth. “停下来去做另外一件事”; stop doing sth.”停止正在做的某件事”。【2013湖南益阳】You look too tired. Why not______a rest?‎ A. stop to have B. to stop having C. stop having ‎【2013广东】—I didn’t hear you come in just now.‎ ‎— That’s good. We tried _______ any noise, for you were sleeping.‎ A. not make B. not to make C. to make D. making ‎【解析】try to do sth.意为“努力/尽力做某事”，否定式为 try not to do sth.‎ ‎【2013江苏无锡】 Don’t throw away the waste paper. It needs ______so that it can be reused. ‎ A. to destroy B. destroying C. to collect D. collecting ‎【解析】物作主语时用need doing sth。‎ ‎【2013 湖北黄冈】—How is your grandma?‎ ‎—She’s fine. She used to _____ TV at home after supper. But now she is used to _____ out for a walk.‎ A. watch; go B. watching; go C. watching; going D. watch; going ‎【2013江苏扬州】The Greens used to live in London and now they ________ in Beijing.‎ A. used to live B. are used to live C. are used to living D. are used for living ‎【解析】used to do sth“过去常做某事”；be used to doing sth“习惯于做某事”‎ ‎【2013湖南益阳】 He used to _____in a small village, but now he has been used to ____in a big city.‎ A. live; living B. live; live C. living; living ‎【解析】used to意为“过去常常”，后跟动词原形；be used to意为“习惯于做某事”，后跟动词的-ing形式。 ‎ ‎【2013 甘肃白银】Many old men prefer _______ in a peaceful countryside.‎ ‎ A. to live B. liveing C. live D lived ‎【解析】 prefer to do 或prefer doing，都可以，意为：更喜欢做某事。但live的动名词应该是living。‎ ‎【2011•四川广元】Since you are tired, you’d better＿＿＿and have a good rest.‎ A. stop to study B. stop study C. stop studying ‎【2011湖南怀化】—Don’t forget ______ your homework. John. ‎ ‎—Ok. I'll do it right now.‎ A. doing B. do C. to do ‎ ‎【解析】forget to do sth. 忘记做某事(将要做的事)；forget doing sth. 忘记做某事(已经做过的事) ‎ ‎★★★★★动名词作主语，宾语 ‎【2013 甘肃白银】_______ honest is the first thing people should learn.‎ ‎ A. Being B. Look C. Be D Become ‎【解析】动词作主语时用动名词，。‎ ‎【2013四川内江】Our English teacher often says to us, “____ English well is very important”‎ A. Learn B. Learning C. Learned D. To learning ‎【解析】用动名词作主语。‎ ‎【2013 上海】The retired couple enjoy _______ photos. They always go out with their cameras A. take B. took C. to take D. taking ‎【解析】 enjoy doing sth, 固定用法，喜欢做某事。‎ ‎【2013福建福州】— Nick, would you mind _________ out of the bathroom?‎ ‎— Sorry. I won't be long.‎ A. come B. to come C. coming ‎【2013湖南娄底】—Would you mind_________ the window? It's very hot.‎ ‎ —No, not at all.‎ ‎ A. open B. to open C. opening ‎【解析】mind + doing表示介意做某事。‎ ‎【2013黑龙江绥化】一What do you usually do in the morning?‎ 一I often practice ________ English.‎ A. speak B. to speak C. speaking ‎【解析】practice + doing sth. 练习做某事。‎ ‎【2013四川雅安】一Can you finish _______ these books before 10 o'clock?‎ ‎ 一Yes, I can.‎ A. to read B. read C. reads D. reading ‎【解析】finish后面要跟名词或动名词作宾语。‎ ‎【2013 湖南衡阳】—Laura enjoys _______story books.‎ ‎ —Me, too.‎ ‎ A. reading B. read C. to read ‎【解析】enjoy后接动名词的形式。‎ ‎【2013四川宜宾】—Would you mind ______ in the dining hall? ‎ ‎ —Of course not. ‎ ‎ A. not to smoke B. not smoking C. smoke D. not smoke ‎ ‎【解析】mind (not) doing sth. 意为“介意（不）做某事”。‎ ‎【2013山东滨州】—Would you like _______ camping with me?‎ ‎ —I’d like to. But I’m busy _______my homework.‎ A. to go; to do B. to go; doing C. going; to do D. going; doing ‎【解析】would like to do sth.想要做某事；be busy doing sth.“忙于做某事。‎ ‎【2013湖北襄阳】—Driving less, walking more is good for our health.‎ ‎—So I'd rather _____an hour's walk to work than consider______ a car.‎ A. take, drive B. take, to drive C. take, driving D. taking, driving ‎【解析】would rather do意为“宁愿干某事”， 后面接动词原形；consider doing意为“考虑做某事”，后面接动名词。‎ ‎【2013湖南邵阳】— What about ______a rest?‎ ‎ —Let's go for a walk.‎ A. to take B. take C. taking ‎【解析】What about 后接名词或者动名词。‎ ‎【2013江苏泰州】— I feel stressed from time to time. Could you give me some advice?‎ ‎— ________ sharing your worries with your parents?‎ A. Why don't you B. How about C. Why not D. Would you like ‎【解析】提建议的句型，How about…后接动名词 ‎【2013四川广安】— I’m looking forward to _____my parents soon. What about you?‎ ‎— Me too．‎ A. seeing B. see C. saw ‎【解析】look forward to意为“期望，期盼”，其中to 为介词，其后跟v.-ing形式。‎ ‎【2013 甘肃白银】Many young people took part in _______ trees on Tree Planting Day.‎ ‎ A. planting B. plants C. to plant D plant ‎【解析】 take part in，参加，其后用动名词。‎ ‎【2011黑龙江绥化市】 The book is well worth I plan______one.‎ A. read, to buy B. reading, buying C. reading, to buy ‎【解析】固定搭配。be worth doing 是“值得做-----”的意思；plan to do sth. 是“计划做某事”。‎ ‎★★★★★其他固定句式和搭配 ‎【2013广东湛江】—Why not _____to the park now?‎ ‎—Good idea! Let’s go.‎ A. go B. to go C. goes D. going ‎【解析】why not后跟动词原形。‎ ‎【2013 浙江衢州】 Many children are left alone in the countryside. Let’s try our best ‎ _______them.‎ ‎ A. help B. helping C. to help D. helps ‎【解析】try one’s best to do sth，尽最大努力做…。‎ ‎【2013湖北孝感】—What a heavy rain!‎ ‎ —So it is. I prefer ______ rather than ____ on such a rainy day.‎ ‎ A. to go out; stay at home B. to stay at home; go out ‎ C. going out; stay at home D. staying at home ; go out ‎【解析】prefer to do…rather than do是固定搭配。‎ ‎【2013湖北随州】—Let's play football on the playground.‎ ‎　—— It’s too hot outside. I would rather______ at home than______ out.‎ A. to stay; go B. staying; going C. stay; to go D. stay; go ‎【解析】 “would rather...than...”句式，意思是“宁愿……而不愿……”，表示主观愿望，即在两者之中选择其一。“would rather do sth. ...than do sth.....”‎ ‎【2013江苏徐州】I'm sleepy. I prefer ________ at home to going out for a walk. ‎ A. sleeping B. to sleep C. slept D. sleep ‎【解析】固定句型的用法。prefer doing sth. to doing sth. 比起做某事，更喜欢做某事 ‎【2013黑龙江齐齐哈尔】The Great Green Wall can stop the wind and sand ______to the rich land in the south of China.‎ ‎ A. move B. to move C. from moving ‎【解析】考查动词短语搭配。stop sb. /sth. from doing ….意为“阻止某人或某物做某事”‎ ‎【2013内蒙古呼和浩特】Tom，would you please ________ the box? It’s for your sister. ‎ A. not open B. don’t open C. not to open D. to not open ‎【解析】固定句式。Would you please (not) do sth.? 意为“请你（别）做某事好吗？”。‎ ‎【2011凉山】My parents often ask me _________ too much time ______ computer games.‎ ‎ A. not to spend; playing B. not to spend; to play C. to not spend; play ‎※【2012.山东菏泽】 Welcome to our school, ladies and gentlemen. ______, I’d like to introduce myself. ‎ A. To be honest B. To my surprise C. To start with D. To tell you the truth [来源^:zz#~&step.@com]‎ ‎【2011•无锡】Jane’s mother preferred __________ TV at home to __________ to the concert.‎ ‎ A. to watch; go B. watching; going C. watching; go D. to watch; going ‎【2011•兰州】One of the difficulties we have English is how to remember new words and expressions.‎ ‎ A. to learn B. in learning C. learn D. learned ‎【解析】固定用法。have difficulty ( in ) doing sth.做某事有困难