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2010中考英语复习课本知识整理八年级上
Unit 5 Can you come to my party
【知识梳理】
I. 重点短语
1. come to one’s party 参加某人的聚会
2. on Saturday afternoon 在星期六的下午
3. study for a test 为测验而学习
4. go to the doctor=see a doctor 去看医生
5. have/take a piano/guitar lesson 上一堂钢琴(吉他)课
6. much too 太,过于
7. too much 太多
8. a birthday party 生日聚
9. soccer practice 足球训练
10. look for 寻找
11. find out 找到,弄清楚,查明
12. be (go) on vacation 度假
13. join sb. 加入某人(的行列)
14. a football match 足球比赛
15. keep quiet 保持
安静(keep+形容词“保持某状态”)
keep+ (sb.) +doing 使 (某人) 不停地做某事”
keep sth. 保存某物,饲养某物
16. a culture club 文化俱乐部
17. “给某人打电话”的几种说法:
call sb.( up), phone sb.(up),
phone to sb., telephone sb.(up),
telephone to sb., ring sb.(up),
give sb. a ring, give sb. a phone,
make a telephone (call) to sb.
18. have to 不得不,必须
19. the day after tomorrow 后天
20. a science report 科学报告
II. 重要句型
邀请用语
1. Can you come to my party?
= Would you like to come to my party?
肯定回答:Sure, I'd love to.
否定回答:I'm sorry. I can't. I have to do my homework.
2. Maybe another time.
3. Thanks for asking (inviting). 谢谢邀请。
问星期 What is today? It is Monday?
What day is it today? It is Monday.
III. 交际用语
询问并请求某人做某事
IV. 重要语法
情态动词can的用法
【课文解析】
1.invitation m邀请,请帖
invitation为名词,意为“邀请,请帖”。其动词形式是invite,意为“邀请”。
They invited us to come and live with them.他们邀请我们来和他们同住。
The Smiths invited us to dinner.史密斯一家邀请我们去吃饭。
Thanks for your invitation!谢谢你的邀请1
2·Jenny,can you come to my party on Saturday afternoon?珍妮,你能来参加我星期六下午的聚会吗?
这是一个婉转请求对方去做某事的句型。情态动词call此处用来提出邀请。
Can you go shopping with me?和我一起去购物好吗?
Can you go to the movies this evening?今晚去看电影好吗?
[辨析] can与could
Can为情态动词,可表示邀请或请求。用could时语气更委婉。其肯定答语一般为Sure,I’d love to;否定答语中可用Sorry代替No,以示礼貌,即Sorry.I can't.
一Can you help me with my English?你能帮我学英语吗?
一Sure,I’d love to. /Sony, I can't.I'm a little ill.当然,我很乐意。/我很抱歉,我有点病了。
3.I’d love to.我愿意。
I’d love to是I would love to的缩略形式。常用来回答对方客气的邀请,也可以用I'd like to来表示,意为“我很愿意”。
—Would you love to go to the movies with me? 你愿意和我一起去看电影吗?
一Yes,I'd love to.是的,我很愿意。
—Can you come to my birthday party?你能来参加我的生日聚会吗?
—Sure,I’d love/like to.当然,我很愿意。
4。 How about.……怎么样 。
How about...=What about...用来征求意见或询问消息,意为“……怎么样?/……好不好?”。How/What about you?意为“你呢?”。
How about going to the park?去公园怎么样?
How about playing football?踢足球好不好?
too much意为“太多”,用来修饰不可数名词。
There is too much dirty water in the lake.湖里的脏水太多了。
The boy eats too much meat.so he is fat.这男孩吃肉太多,因此他很胖。
10.Thanks for asking.多谢邀请。
这是对别人提出邀请的礼貌性答语。thanks是名词,其含义相当于thank you;for是介词,表示原因,其后接名词、代词或动名词。
Thanks for telling me about her.谢谢你把她的情况告诉我。
thanks为名词,常用于口语中,语气较随和。Thanks a lot.或Many thanks.语气轻于Thank you very much。
11.play soccer踢足球
play soccer意为“踢足球”,play后接表示体育运动项目的名词时,名词前不加冠词。
play basketball打篮球 play volleyball打排球
play tennis打网球 p1ay baseball打棒球
play football踢足球
表示“弹(奏)”某种乐器时,乐器名词前必须用定冠词the。
Play the piano弹钢琴 play the guitar弹吉他
play the accordion拉手风琴
12.Whom pron.谁
whom是who的宾格,在句中作宾语。
The girl with whom Jim is talking is my sister.=The girl(whom)Jim is talking with is my sister.正在和吉姆讲话的那位姑娘是我妹妹。 、
I met Jim.whom I told news to.我遇见了吉姆,并把那个消息告诉了他。
[辨析]whom与who
whom作疑问代词时,口语中常用who代替;但当其前有介词时,不能用who,只能用whom。
With' whom are you going?你要同谁去?(不能用who)
13.Come and have fun!来开心吧!
have fun意为“过得愉快,玩得高兴”,与have a good/great/nice time及enjoy oneself同义,都可以接动名词表示“高高兴兴地做某事/愉快地做某事”。
We had fun/had a great/nice time/enjoyed ourselves singing and dancing at the party.在晚会上我们高兴地唱歌、跳舞。(在晚会上我们又唱又跳,非常开心。)
14.join v.参加
join用作及物动词,意为“参加,加入(某一团体或组织)”。
My father joined the Party in 1993.我爸爸1993年入党。
My brother joined the football club.我弟弟参加了足球俱乐部。
join与介词in或for连用,表示和某人一起做某事。
Can you join us in the game?和我们一起做游戏好吗?
I’d like to join you for tea.我想和你们一起喝茶。
15.一What's today?——今天什么日子?
一It’s Monday the 14th.——今天星期一,14号。
What's today?既询问星期也询问日期。答语为:It's+星期+日期。
What's the date today?今天是几号?此句型询问日期。答语为:It's+日期。
16.a lot很,非常,f分
a lot相当于副词,表示“十分,很”,常用来修饰形容词或副词的比较级。
Thanks a lot.非常感谢。
This picture is a lot more interesting than that one.这幅画比那幅有趣。
17.Please call me after the vacation.请似期后给我打电话。
call sb.意为“给某人打电话”。还可用:telephone/phone sb./ring sb.up,make/give a telephone call to sb.来表示。
I made/gave a telephone call to you,but there was no reply.我给你打过电话。但没人接。
18.Write replies to the invitation, ms.给邀请函写回信。
Reply v.&n回答,答复
Have you had a reply to your letter?您收到回信了吗?
Should I reply to his letter?我要回他的信吗?
He replied that he knew nothing about it.他回答说,他对此事一无所知。
[辨析】answer与reply
answer和reply都可以表示“答复”,但接名词或代词作宾语时,reply后必须加to,而answer后则不加to;且reply 指经过考虑一一答复,answer只表示一般的“应答”。
I didn't answer Too.but I replied to Mike.我没有答复汤姆,但答复了迈克。
19.match n.比赛
match为名词,意为“比赛,竞赛”,有双方参与,多指网球、足球、高尔夫球等体育运动项目的比赛,常指比较正规的大型比赛。
There will be a tennis match this afternoon.今天下午有一场网球比赛。
[辨析]game与match
game(美式英语),指“比赛”,也可用以指比赛中的局、场次;match(英式英语),专指tennis网球,wrestling摔跤,boxing拳击等“比赛”。
Though we lost the first two games,we managed to win the match at last.尽管我们翰了前两场,但最终还是赢得这场比赛的胜利。
have a match举行一场比赛 watch a match观看比赛
We are going to have a basketball match next week. 下周我们将举行一场篮球赛。
It is exciting to watch a close match.看一场势均力敌的比赛令人兴奋。
20.the whole day一整天
whole为形容词,意为“全部的,整个的,完整的”,通常放在名词的前面,其同音词是hole(洞,坑,孔 )。
the whole day一整天
three whole days三整天
the whole story整个故事
[辨析]whole与all】
whole和all作为形容词,都有“整个的,完全的”之意,但用法略有不同。
(1)与复数名词连用时,whole强调“整个的”,all表示“所有的”。
It snowed for three whole days.下了整整三天雪。
All my books are here.我所有的书都在这里。
(2)all和whole在句子中的位置不同,all放在限定词之前,whole放在限定词之后。
全部的时间 all the times/the whole time 全年all the year/the whole year
21.come over 过 来,从远处来
come over意为“过来,从远处来”。come over to+地点表示“(从一个地方)到(另)一个地方来”。
Come over! Here's a seat for you.过来,这儿有个座位。
He came over from France last week.他上周从法国来。
Can you come over to my school for a visit?你能到我学校来参观吗?
22.Can you come over to my house on Wednesday evening discuss the science report't星期三晚上 你能来我家讨论科学报告吗?
to discuss the science report该不定式在此处作目的状语,说明来“我”家的目的是为了讨论那个自然科学报告。不定式作目的状语在英语中很常见。
They went to the hospital to see their teacher.他们去医院看望他们的老师。
My father went to Beijing to find a job.我爸爸去北京找工作。
discuss为动词,意为“讨论”,名词discussion意为“讨论,谈论,商讨”。
a topic for discussion讨论的题目
have a discussion进行一次讨论
science为名词,意为“科学,自然科学”,名词scientist意为“科学家”。
13.I'm free till10:00pm.我一直到晚上10点都有空
conj. 直到……之时,在……之前
prep.直到……为止,在……之前
I waited till he came.我一直等到他来。
We didn't hear about it till Mr Zhang's arrival.直到张先生来了,我们才听说那件事。
Walk on till you come to the intersection.一直走到交叉路口为止。
辨析]till与until
1.Would you like...表示“你想要/愿意……吗”,其后可接名词、代词或动词不定式,用来提出建议或邀请。
Would you like 80me orange juice? 你想要些橘汁吗?(接名词)
2.Shall we...表示“我们……好吗”。shall后接动词原形。本句用来征求对方意见。
Shall we have a picnic together? 我们一起野餐,好吗?
3.Let's表示“让我们……吧!”,Let's后接动词原形作宾语补足语。本句用来提出建议或征求对方的意见。
Let's go to the mountains and camp there.我们去山里并在那儿野营吧!
4.Why not...或Why don't you/we...表示“为什么不……呢”,其后接动词原形,本句用来提出建议。
Why not go hike riding?为什么不骑车旅行呢?
5.How/What about...表示“……怎么样”,about为介词。故其后接名词、代词或动名词。本句用来提出建议或征求对方的意见。
How/What about taking the subway?乘地铁怎么样?
【典型例题】
例1. The students are having a class. Ask them to keep ________.
A. quiet B. quietly
C. quick D. quickly
解析:keep quiet “保持安静”。quiet是形容词与keep一起构成词组。keep后面加上形容词表示“保持某种状态”。如:keep clean;keep warm等。
例2. 用join或take part in填空
(1)May I __________ the sports meeting?
(2)When did your father ________ the Party?
解析:根据“重,难点解析”第6点可知(1)填take part in,(2)填join
例3. He eats ________ food, so he is ________ fat.
A. much too;too much
B. much too;too many
C. too much;much too
D. too much;too many
解析:Too much,too many都是表示“太多的”意思,too much后接不可数名词,too many后接可数名词。Much too是“太…”的意思,后接形容词。句子的意思是“他吃了太多食物,所以太胖了。”。
例4. ----Do you have a PE _______ every day?
----No, we have only two PE _______ every week.
解析:上一堂体育课,译为“have a PE lesson”。两节体育课,译为“have two PE classes”
例5. Tomorrow is Chinese Communist ________ birthday. We will have a tea ________.
A. party, Party B. Party, party
C. party's, party D. party's, party
解析:党的生日晚会译为“Party's birthday party”其中P大写是“党”的意思,p小写是“晚会”的意思。
单元测试
听力测试五(20分)
Ⅰ.听句子,选出你所听到的单词(5分)
( )1.A.doctor B.daughter C.dolphin
( )2.A.bad B.bed C.dad
( )3.A.tennis B.table C.time
( )4.A.really B.table C.ready
( )5.A.Friday B.Thursday C.Tuesday
Ⅱ.听句子,根据内容选出最佳答语(5分)
( )6.A.No,she can’t B.Yes,she is. C.No,she isn’t.
( )7.A.No,they can’t. B.No,they are. C.No,they aren’t.
( )8.A.I have a piano lesson. B.I can play basketball. C.I am a boy.
( )9.A.In summer. B.At six o’clock. C.On Sunday.
( )10.A.It’s Friday. B.It’s Monday the 14th. C.It’s August.
Ⅲ.听对话,回答问题(5分)
( )11.A.He has to baby sit his sister. B.He has to go to the doctor.
C.He has to play soccer.
( )12.A.Wednesday. B.Thursday the 18th.
C.Friday the 19th.
( )13.A.On Friday morning. B.Because he has to study.
C.Sorry,he can.
( )14.A.Yes,he can. B.On Friday afternoon.
C.On Friday evening.
( )15.A.Studying for the test. B.Discussing the science report.
C.Playing basketball.
Ⅳ.听短文及问题,选择正确答案(5分)
( )16.Who is older,Mary or Lena?
A.Mary is older than Lena. B.Mary is younger than Lena.
C.Mary is as old as Lena.
( )17.Who is Lena?
A.She is Mary’s sister.She is a schoolgirl.
B.She is Mary’s friend.She is a little girl.
C.She is Kitty’s sister.She is a schoolgirl.
( )18.What did Lena see Mary doing one day?
A.Lena saw Mary holding a pen in her hand.
B.Lena saw Mary sitting under the desk.
C.Lena saw Mary writing a letter.
( )19.Kitty knew how to read.didn’t she?
A.Yes,she didn’t. B.No,she did.
C.No,she didn’t.
( )20.Who knew how to read and write,Mary or Kitty?
A.Both Mary and Kitty. B.Either Mary or Kitty.
C.Neither of them.
笔试部分(80分)
Ⅰ.单项选择(15分)
( )1.—__________ does your party start?
—__________ seven thirty.
A.When:on B.How;In C.What time;At D.Where:About
( )2.—Thank you for your __________.
—That’s all right.
A.invite B.inviting C.to invite D.invitation
( )3.—__________ the man over there be your Chinese teacher?
—No,it __________ be him.
A.Can;mustn’t B.May;can’t
C.Must;mustn’t D.May;may not
( )4.Can you go to the movies __________ Sunday?
A.in B.on C.at D.to
( )5.—Can you come to my house for supper?
—__________.
A.No,I can’t. B.I think so.
C.Sure,I’d love to. D.I hope I can.
( )6.It is __________ cold today.Please wear more clothes.
A.too many B.much too C.many too D.too much
( )7.Who can __________ guitar very __________ in your school?
A.plays;good B.play;well C.play the;well D.plays the;good
( )8.This one is too big.Can you show me __________ one?
A.another B.other C.the other D.others
( )9.— __________?
—Yes,please.I’d like some tea.
A.Would you like some drink
B.What about something to drink,tea or coffee
C.What do you think of tea
D.How do you like tea
( )10.—Can Mary come to play games with us?
—No.she can’t.She has a stomachache.
—__________.
A.It doesn’t matter. B.I’m sorry to hear that.
C.It sounds good. D.That’s all right.
( )11.—Hey,Dave,can you go to the movies on Saturday?
—__________.
A.Sure.I’d love to. B.No,I can’t.
C.I have to help my mom.
( )12.—__________ When do you study for the maths test?
—__________.
A.At six o’clock B.At tomorrow
C.On Monday afternoon
( )13.—Does he want to __________ Ann’s birthday party?
—Sure,he’d love to.
A.coming B.to come C.come to
( )14.Please __________ quiet.I’m trying to study.
A.being B.am C.keep
( )15.—Can they go to the concert?
—__________.
A.They think so B.Yes,they can C.Yes.they don’t think so
Ⅱ.完形填空(10分)
A young man and an old man were waiting for a bus at a station.They sat next to each other.“What’s that in your bag?”asked the young man,pointing to the big bag beside the old 1 .
“Money.”answered the old man.The young man could 2 believe his own ears.“What?”he said to himself in surprise.“So much money? My God! How I 3 to be able to get so such money!” Then he began to think about how to get the money.
The old man 4 tired and it seemed that he could hardly keep his eyes open.“Are you tired.Sir?”asked the young man.“Then you’d better lie down on the chair and have a good rest.Don’t worry. 5 the bus.I’ll wake you up in time.”
“All right,It’s very kind of you.young man.”The old man lay down and by and by he fell asleep.
The young man took the big bag carefully. 6 when he was just going to run away.he found a cornet of his expensive coat was 7 the old man’s body.Several times he tried to pull it out,but he couldn’t.At last he took off his 8 and went away with the bag.
The young man ran out of the station as quickly as his 9 could carry him.He reached a place.where he thought the old man couldn’t 10 him.then he stopped and quickly opened the bag.
To his surprise,there was nothing but old news papers in it.He hurried to the station.But when he got there,he found the old man was gone.
( )1.A.man B.station C.driver D.corner
( )2.A.surely B.really C.nearly D.hardly
( )3.A.like B.love C.hate D.wish
( )4.A.was B.felt C.looked D.became
( )5.A.of B.about C.for D.at
( )6.A.So B.And C.But D.Because
( )7.A.above B.under C.over D.in
( )8.A.shoes B.shirt C.coat D.cap
( )9.A.legs B.foot C.friend D.bike
( )10.A.watch B.notice C.find D.meet
Ⅲ.阅读理解(20分)
A
Meimei is having a party on Saturday night.She has to shop and clean the house.She is shopping for the food on Saturday morning.Her friends like hamburgers and ice cream.In the afternoon,she’s cleaning the living room and kitchen.She wants to go to the movies at 3:00,but she has to babysit her brother from 2:00 to 4:00.At 6:00 she’s eating dinner and the party is at 7:00.
Judy is coming to the party.She wants to help Meimei on Saturday,but she can’t.She has a soccer game in the morning.
And in the afternoon,she’s going to her uncle’s house.She’s coming to the party at 8:00.
根据短文内容,判断正(T)误(F)。
( )1.Meimei has to study for a test.
( )2.Judy has a soccer game on Saturday morning.
( )3.Meimei can go to the movies Saturday afternoon.
( )4.Meimei’s friends don’t like hamburgers.
( )5.Judy can help Meimei on Saturday afternoon.
B
阅读下面Eliza一周日程表,补全表格后的句子(每空一词)。
Eiza’s Calendar
MONDAY
Morning: school
Afternoon: soccer practice
Evening: do homework
THURSDAY
Morning: school
Afternoon: babysitting
Evening: help parents
TUESDAY
Morning: school
Evening: study for the math test
FRIDAY
Morning: school
Evening: Susan’s party
WEDNESDAY
Morning: school
Evening: do homework
SATURDAY
SNDAY
6.Eliza can __________ soccer on Monday __________.
7.She usually __________ her parents on Thursday
8.She __________ no time on Wednesday evening. __________ she wants to do her homework.
9.Eliza __________ go to school on __________ and Sunday.
10.On Friday Eliza will __________ to Susan’s __________.
Ⅳ.根据句意和首字母完成单词(5分)
1.We are studying L__________ Three.
2.The girls love music and they want to go to the c__________.
3.—What day is the day after t__________.
—It’s Friday.
4.The students will have their c__________ lesson in Grade Three.
5.If I’m f__________,I will go to the party.
Ⅴ.用所给词的适当形式填空(5分)
1.Would you like __________ (go)shopping?
2.The __________ (two)Sunday in May is Mother’s Day.
3.Why not __________ (have)dinner with us tonight?
4.The teacher often ask us __________ (read)English.
5.Keep __________ (quiet),the baby is sleeping.
Ⅵ.句型转换(5分)
1.Laura can go to the mall at ten o’clock tomorrow.(改为否定句)
Laura __________ go to the mall at ten o’clock tomorrow.
2.I have to go to the doctor.(改为否定句)
I __________ to go to the doctor.
3.Rose is going to Beijing next Friday.(对画线部分提问)
__________ __________ Rose going to Beijing?
4.If I have time,I’ll help you do the housework.(改为同义句)
If I __________,I’ll help you do the house work.
5.—Can you go to the movies with us?
—Yes,I can.(改为同义句)
—Can you go to the movies with us?
—Sure.__________ __________ __________.
Ⅶ.根据汉语完成句子(5分)
1.我把整个故事都讲给他听了。
I told him the __________ __________.
2.我们将等到12点钟。
We’ll __________ __________ twelve o’clock.
3.谢谢你邀请我下周去参观你们学校。
Thank you __________ your __________ to visit your school next week.
4.我每周四下午上足球课。
I __________ a soccer __________ every Thursday afternoon.
5.晚饭后请给我打电话。
Please __________ me after the __________.
Ⅷ.书面表达(15分)
假设你是Nelly,你的朋友Nick邀请你去参加他的生日party,但你整个星期都很忙,请给他发一份email.告诉他你不能去的原因。
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参考答案
听力测试五
Ⅰ.1.I have to go to the doctor.
2.That’s too bad.Maybe another time.
3.Can you play tennis with me?
4.Are you ready for the invitation?
5.Can you come over to my party on Friday afternoon?
Ⅱ.6.Can she come to your party?
7.Are they studying for their history test?
8.What can you do?
9.What time is your birthday party?
10.What day is it today?
Ⅲ.11.W:Can he go to the party on Wednesday?
M:No,he can’t.He has to go to the doctor.
Q:Why can’t he come to the party?
12.W:When is his party?
M:It’s on Wednesday,the 17th.
Q:When is his party?
13.W:Can he go to the baseball game?
M:No,he can’t.He has to study.
Q:Why can’t he go to the baseball game?
14.W:When do you have a test?
M:On Friday afternoon.
Q:When is the test?
15.W:What are you doing on Tuesday
M:I am playing basketball.
Q:What is the boy doing on Tuesday?
Ⅳ.Mary is a little girl.She is only five.She doesn’t go to school.and of course she doesn’t know how to read and write.But she has a sister.Her name is Lena.Lena goes to school every day.One day,Lena saw her little sister sitting at the desk with a pen in her hand and a large piece of paper.
“What are you doing,Mary?”Lena asked.
“I’m writing a letter to my friend,Kitty.”answered Mary.“But how can you?”said her sister,“You don’t know how to write.”
“Well,”said Mary.“It doesn’t matter.because Kitty doesn’t know how to read,either.”
Ⅰ.1.A 2.A 3.A 4.C 5.A
Ⅱ.6.A 7.C 8.B 9.B 10.A
Ⅲ.11.B 12.A 13.B 14.B 15.C
Ⅳ.16.B 17.A 18.C 19.C 20.C
5.B 解析:worry about“担心”。
6.C 解析:用but表示转折。
7.B 解析:根据上下文含义,他的大衣在老人身子底下。
8.C 解析:联系上下文,他应是脱下“上衣”,故选C。
9.A 解析:由动词词组ran out of可知他用腿跑。故选择A。
10.C 解析:他跑到一个他认为老人不能找到的地方。
Ⅲ.1.F 2.T 3.F 4.F 5.F
6.practice,afternoon 7.helps,evening 8.has,because 9.doesn’t’ Saturday 10.come.party
Ⅳ.1.Lesson 2.concert 3.tomorrow 4.chemistry 5.free
Ⅴ.1.to go 解析:would like后跟动词不定式作宾语。
2.second 解析:其前有the,故应用序数词形式。
3 have 解析:why not后跟动词原形。
4.to read 解析:ask sb.to do sth.“让某人干某事”,to read在这里作宾语补足语。
5.quiet 解析:题中keep是连系动词.其后应跟形容词作表语。
Ⅵ.1.can’t 2.don’t have 3.When is 4.am free 5.I’d love to
Ⅶ.1.whole story 2.wait until 3.for,invitation 4.have,lesson 5.call,dinner
Ⅷ.One possible version:
Hi Nick,
Thanks a lot for your invitation.I’m sorry I can’t come I your party.On Monday,I have to go to the dentist.On Tuesday,I’m playing basketball with my friends.On Wednesday, have to help my mom.On Thursday,I’m studying for my maths test.And on Friday,I’m going to the movies with my classmates.Can you come here with us on Friday?
Write soon.
Nell