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中考英语1600词详解修改题

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‎【中考英语1600词汇总详解】‎ A a (an) art. 一个,某个,任何一个 用法:不定冠词的常见用法:1)第一次提到,表示泛指。‎ 例如:Millie has ___e-dog and its name is Hobo. ( 南京市) ‎ A. a B. an C. the D. /‎ 题解:因为a用于辅音音素开始的名词前,an用于元音音素开始的名词前,本题中e-dog以元音音素[ I :]开始,而且是泛指,故选B。‎ It is said that ___ apple ___day keeps the doctor away .( 福建莆田市)‎ A. an;the B. a; a C. an;a D. a; the 题解:根据题意“一天一个苹果医生远离我”可知apple和day都是泛指,且apple以元音音素开始,day以辅音音素开始,故选C。‎ ‎2)含有数量“一”的概念,但是不如one 强烈。‎ ability n. 能力;才干;才能 短语:1. a man of ability 有能力的人 2. the ability to do sth 做某事的能力 able adj. 有才干的;聪颖的 短语:1. be able to do sth有能力做某事 about prep. 对于,关于;大约;在….周围;‎ 短语:1. be about to 即将 e.g. We were about to go when it suddenly rained. 我们正要出发,突然天下雨了。‎ ‎2. What/How about…?‎ above prep. adj. 在…之上;超过;大于,多于; 上面的;‎ 短语:1.above all 最重要的e.g. Above all, the work must be finished before nine by ourselves.‎ 最重要的是工作必须在九点之前由我们自己独立完成。‎ 注意:above的反义词为below abroad adv. 在外国;广泛地;传播 短语1. from abroad 从国外,从海外 His parents has just come back from abroad.他的父母刚刚从海外回来,我们去看望他们吧。‎ ‎2. go abroad 出国 accept v.接受;赞同;欢迎;听从 近义词辨析:accept 和receiveaccept 是“接受、认可“的意思,是收到并接受;receive 有”收到“的意思,但不一定接受。‎ e.g. I received a lot of gifts on my birthday, but I didn’t accept any.生日那天我收到许多礼物,但是我并没有收下任何礼物。‎ accident n. 事故; 偶然 短语:1.by accident意外地,偶然地 2.a traffic accident 交通事故 according to prep. 根据…;依照 achieve v. 实现;达到;完成 across prep.在…对面 ‎ 近义词辨析:across 和through across表示“横过,穿过”;着重指从路线或物体表面的一边到另一边(表面)。e.g.across the street;横过马路 。through “穿过,从……中间通过”;着重指从空间的一头穿到另一头(内部)。e.g. through the forest. 穿过森林。‎ act n. & v. 行为;举动;假装 ;‎ 短语:1.act as担任(起...作用) 词性转换:actor/actress n.男演员/女演员 action n. 行动;有能量;行为;‎ e.g.We must take action right now, otherwise we’ll be late 我们现在就得采取行动了,否则就迟到了。‎ active adj. 积极的; 短语:1. take an active part in : 积极参加 I don’t think everyone should take an active part in the social activities.我认为并不是所有的人都应该积极参与到社会活动中去。‎ activity n. 活动;工作;职业 add v. 添加;增加;合计;相当于 短语:1. add to; 2.add up 3.add up to 4.add…to…‎ address n. 地址;住址;演说;讲话 advantage n. 优点;利益 advertisement (ad) n.公告;启事;广告 ad.广告(advertisement的缩写) 此单词常在阅读理解中出现。‎ e.g. Have you read the want ad in the newspaper?你看过报纸上的招聘广告吗?‎ e.g. Put an advertisement in the newspaper advice n. 建义,劝告;信息 ‎1.a piece of advice一条建2.ask for advice 寻求建议 3.give advice提建议4.take/follow one’s advice接受、劝告、建议;主要掌握此单词是不可数名词。 ‎ 例如:Could you please give me ___ ? ‎ A. any advice B. some advice C. no advice D. some advices ‎ 题解:题意为“你能给我一些建议吗?”是想得到肯定回答,故用some 表示“一些”而不用“any ”, 又因为advice 是不可数名词,故选B。‎ advise v.给…出主意;建议;通知 短语:1.advise sb to do sth 建议某人做某事 afraid adj. 惊慌的;恐怕 短语:1.be afraid of 害怕 e.g. Don’t be afraid of asking for help from others.不要害怕向别人求助。‎ ‎2.’m afraid so. /I’m afraid not. /I’m afraid that….‎ after adv., prep & conj. 在…之后;晚于 短语: after all 1) 终究,毕竟 ‎ e.g. It has turned out to be a nice day after all.天气终于转晴了。‎ afternoon n. 下午;午后 短语:1. in the afternoon 2. on Monday afternoon 3. on the afternoon of…‎ again adv. 再一次;加之,此外;‎ 短语:1. again and again 一次又一次地,反复地,再三地 e.g. I called him again and again, but he didn’t answer the telephone. 我一次又一次地给他打电话,可是他就是不接。‎ ‎2. now and again 有时e.g. He came to see me now and again. 他过去来看望我。‎ against prep. 1)对着,反对;e.g. If no one is against this plan, let’s carry it out.如果没有人反对这个计划,那我们就开始吧。‎ ‎2)靠着,依着:e.g. The policeman asked the young man to stand against the wall.警察命令那个年轻人靠着墙站好。‎ age n. 年龄;时期;变老 ;短语: 2. at the age of 在…岁时 ago adv. 以前;以往;‎ 短语:1. long ago 很久以前,从前:e.g. Long long ago there loved horses. 很久以前,有一位国王,他喜爱马。‎ ‎2. some time ago 不久前 e.g. Some time ago,I heard he would come to see me. 不久前,我听说他要来看我。‎ ‎3. a while ago. 刚才 e.g. He was here a while ago.他刚才还在这儿。‎ 近义词辨析:ago 和 before ago: 应注意两点:1.用于一般过去时;2. 它所指的时间是从现在算起。‎ before: 也应该注意两点:1.用于过去完成时;2. 她所指的时间不是从现在算起,而是从过去某一时刻算起。‎ e.g. A short time before, tall trees had covered the country for many miles around. 在那时不久之前,高大的树木覆盖着方圆数英里。‎ agree v. 意见一致;赞成;适合;‎ 近义词辨析:agree to 和 agree with agree to: 意思 是“同意”,后面接表示计划、安排、意见、条件之类的名词或动词原形,表示愿意协助工作。‎ e.g. Do you agree to this agreement? 你同意这项协议吗? He didn’t agree to help us. 他不同意帮助我们。‎ agree with: 意思是“与……(意见)一致”后面一般接人,也可接意见、看法等。但不含有协助的意思。‎ e.g. I don’t agree with what you said. 我不同意你说的话。I don’t agree with your idea. 我不同意你的主意。‎ 主要考点为“agree with sb..”‎ ‎—I think English is more useful than Chinese.‎ ‎—I don’t ___ you. They are both useful. ( 福建福州市)‎ A. get on with B. catch up with C. talk with D. agree with 题解:显然第二句的回答为“我不同意你的看法”,根据agree with sb.的固定结构知道应选D。其余三项均不符合题意。‎ agreement n.同意;一致;协议 air n. 大气;天空;态度 短语:1. by air 2. in the (open) air,‎ airline 航线;航空公司 airplane n. 飞机 airport n.机场;航空港 短语:1. at the airport album n.影集;集邮册;‎ all adj. & pron.全部的,所有的;‎ 短语:1.all day 整日 2.all kinds of 各种各样的; 3.all over 遍布4.all right 行,可以 ‎ ‎5. all along 一直,始终 6. not at all 7.in all 主要考点为all ,both ,neither ,either等的区别。‎ 例如:Jack, Sue and I will ___go to Sam ’ s birthday party.( 北京市东城区)‎ A.both B. neither C. all D. either ‎ 题解:A,B,C都用于“两者”;C用于三者,三者以上;题中主语为“Jack, Sue, and I”三人,故选C。‎ allow v.准许;允许;给予 短语:1. allow sb to do sth 2.allow doing almost adv. 几乎,差不多;将近 alone adj. 独自的;单独的;仅仅;‎ 近义词辨析:lonely/alone alone 指“独自一人胡”,强调客观事实,通常只放在动词、系动词之后,作表语,e.g. He was alone in the room. 他独自一人在屋里。lonely 指“孤单的”、“孤独的”,表示主观感觉,在句中作标语或主语。用作定语修饰地方时,‎ along adv. & prep沿着;向前;共同,一起;‎ 短语:1. all along 始终,一直:e.g. I knew the truth of the matter all long. 那件事情的真相我始终是清楚的。‎ ‎2get along (well) with aloud adv. 出声地;大声地 短语:read aloud already adv.早已;早;‎ 近义词辨析: already / yet already: “已经”惊讶于某事比预期发生得早,在问句中表示意外、惊讶的程度更强。‎ yet : “尚(未),已经”(用于否定句、疑问句中,谈论将要发生的事情)‎ also adv. 而且;还 although conj.虽然;尽管 always adv.永远;总是;经常 America / the USA 美国 American adj.美洲的;美国人 among prep.被…所包围;其中 近义词辨析:among / between 这两个个词都含有“在……中间”的意思。‎ among 用于“三者或三者以上之间”e.g. He built a house among the forest. 他在树林中盖了一间房。‎ between 则用于“两者之间”e.g. What is the difference between the two words?这两个词的区别是什么?‎ and conj.和;及;就 ‎:1. and so on 等等e.g. This book tells about food, fruits, dishes and so on.这本书讲了有关食物、水果、菜肴等等有关的东西。‎ angry adj.生气的;愤怒的;疼痛的 短语:1.be angry with/at/about animal n.动物;牲畜 another adj. & pron.别的;另一的;‎ 主要考点为“another +数字”表示“再一”‎ 例如:If you want to book a round trip ticket,you’ l l have to pay ___﹩30.( 安徽)‎ A. more B. other C. the other D. another ‎ 题解:题意为“如果你想买往返车票,你就必须再付30美元。”根据“another+数字”的结构应选D。‎ answer n. & v. 回答;解决方案;反应 短语:1.the answer to ant n. 蚂蚁; e.g. There are some ants in the tree. 树里有一些蚂蚁。‎ any pron. & adj每一的;任何一个的.‎ anybody pron. 任何人;重要人物 anyone pron. 任何人 anything pron. 任何事;无论何事 anyway adv.不管怎样;无论如何 anywhere adv.不管在(到)什么地方 appear v.出现;好像 apple n.苹果;苹果树 April n. 四月 Area面积;地区;范围 arm n.胳臂;袖子 army n.陆军;军队;大量 around prep.围绕;环绕;在…四周 arrive v. 到达;抵达;得出 短语:1.arrive at/in art n.艺术;艺术品 article n.商品;物品;文章 as adv., conj & prep 作为主句的先行词;同样地;与……一样;‎ 短语:1. as…as…(用于比较)与…一样;e.g. Tom is as tall as his brother. 汤姆和他弟弟一样高。‎ 主要考点为:not as/so … as … 和as +副词原级+主语+ can/could结构 ‎ I was surprised that she could run ___I could. (武汉市)‎ A.as faster as B. so fast than C as fast as ‎ 题解:题意为“我很惊讶她能和我跑得一样快。”考查as 的固定结构。故选C。‎ ‎2. as a result 结果:e.g. He works hard all day, as a result, he got a good mark in his English exam.‎ ‎3. as if 仿佛,好像:e.g.He talks as if he knew about it. 他说起来好像知道这件事似的。‎ ‎4.as long as 只要,和……一样长:e.g.You will do well in your English study as /so long as you keep on.‎ 只要坚持下去,你一定能学好英语 。‎ ‎5. as well 也;e.g. My class went to the cinema and I went there as well.‎ Asia n亚洲 Asian a & n. 亚洲人;亚洲的 ask v. 问;询问;请求;主要考点为ask sb. to do sth ‎ 例如:She asked them ____things about. (宁夏回族自治区) ‎ A.not to itter B. don’t litter C. not litter D. no litter ‎ 题解:根据题意“她要求他们不要乱扔垃圾。”考查ask… to do…的否定形式ask…not to do…故 选A。 ‎ 短语:1.ask sb to do sth, 2.ask for,‎ asleep adj.睡熟(的);不活跃(的 );‎ ‎1.fall asleep 入睡:e.g.Though it is ‎12 in the night. I still find it hard to fall asleep.尽管已经是夜里12点钟了,我发现还是很难入睡。‎ 词型转换:Sleep/sleeping/sleepy/asleep at prep.在;在…里;主要用法是一般用于时刻前,小地点前和一些固定结构中。‎ 例如:—When do you usually get up every day?( 吉林省)‎ ‎—___ about 6: 00 a. m. ‎ A. At B. On C. In D. For ‎ 题解:本题考查at用于时刻前的用法。故选A.‎ Atlantic Ocean n.大西洋 attention n.专心;注意 短语:1.pay attention to August n.八月 aunt n. 姑妈;姨妈;婶母 Australia n.澳大利亚的 autumn n.秋季; 短语:1.mid-autumn 中秋 2.in autumn, 3.the mid-autumn festival available adj.现成的;可用的;自由的 avoid n.避开;逃脱 awake v.醒来;醒悟 away adv. 向…走开;逝去 B baby n. 婴儿;幼兽;小型 back adv. & n.背部;背骨 短语:1.at /on the back of background n.背景;远景; 出身;个人背景。‎ e.g. He’s always going on about his working class background.他老是谈论自己出身于工薪阶层家庭。‎ Without knowing the background the case, I couldn’t possibly comment. 因为不了解案件的背景情况,我不可能加以评论。‎ bad ( worse, worst) a 不足的;令人不快的 短语:1.be bad for badly adv.坏;差;非常严重地 (worse, worst)‎ bag n.袋;包;囊 ball n.球;‎ balloon n.玩具气球;气球;‎ bamboo n.竹;竹竿 banana n.香蕉;香蕉树 bank n.河岸;滩 ;银行;储蓄所;‎ baseball n棒球; 棒球运动 短语:1.play baseball basic adj.基本的;根本的;初级的;‎ basket n. .篮;篓;筐 basketball n篮球;.篮球运动 短语:1.play basketball bathroom n. 浴室;厕所;‎ be (is,am,are) v.存在;发生;位于 beach n.海滩;沙滩 bear n. 熊;粗鲁的人 beat (beat, beaten) v. & n. 打;击;敲打 例如:Most of us wondered if Wang Nan could ___ Zhang Yining in the final match. (大连市)‎ A. beat B. w in C. hit D. fail 题解:beat 后接宾语往往是比赛,竞争的对手,即人或球队。题意为:我们中的大多数想 知道,在决赛中王楠 是否能打败张怡宁。故选A。‎ beautiful adj美好的;优美的;极好的 because conj.因为;由于 ;辨析:because of (接名词或者名词词组) 因为: e.g. He begs because of poverty, not hunger.‎ 他不是因为饿了,而是因为贫穷才要饭的。‎ because 后接句子。‎ become v. 成为;变得 bed n.床 bedroom n.寝室 ;卧室 bee n.蜜峰;工作忙碌的人 beef n. 牛肉;菜牛 before prep. adv. & conj.在…之前;在前;以前;主要考点是它的词性。‎ 例如:“Ladies first” means“Ladies ___ gentlemen.”(山东省)‎ A. a f t e r B. near C. beside D. before ‎ 题解:考查 before作介词“在……之前”的用法,其余三项不合题意。‎ ‎1.before long 不久以后:e.g. Before long ,news came that China lost the game.不久以后传来消息说中国队比赛输了。‎ ‎2.the day before yesterday :e.g. He went to see his grandmother the day before yesterday.他前天去看望他奶奶了。‎ ‎3.long before 很久以前。 e.g.She said she had seen the film long before.她说很久以前就看过这部电影。‎ begin (began, begun) v. 开始;着手;‎ 近义词辨析:begin / start 二者都表示“开始”后面可以接不定式或动名词,一般可以互换使用。‎ 区别是:1.begin 侧重于时间上一个过程的开始,指迈出第一步、采取第一个行动,与and相对;‎ ‎2.start 侧重于形态上的开始,通常指由静到动的过程,与stop相对。‎ beginning n.开端;起点;起源 短语:1.at the beginning of 2 begin with behind prep.在…背后;在……另一面 believe 相信;认为;猜想 bell n.铃;钟 below prep.在…下;低于 beside prep 在……旁边;在……附近 besides prep. & adv.除……之外;还有:‎ 近义词辨析:except / besidesexcept 除……之外;侧重整体除去一部分;e.g. We all knew about the news except Jim.‎ 除了Jim以外,我们都知道这个消息。‎ besides 除……之外(还有),e.g. We all knew about the news besides Jim.‎ better较好的;更好的(地) 主要考点为它的几种固定结构had better (not)do sth. 最好做…… /the…the better 越……越好,以及在比较句型中的用法。‎ 例如:Look! How heavy the rain is! You’d better___. (河北省)‎ A.don’t go now B. stay here when it stops C. not leave until it stops D. not to leave at once 题解:“看!雨下的很大,你最好不要马上就走。”根据题意以及had better not do的用法应该选D。‎ between prep 在……之间;(两者)‎ beyond prep.在……那边;超出 big adj.大的;巨大的(bigger, biggest);‎ bike =bicycle n自行车;摩托车 bill n.帐单;法案;招贴 bird n. 鸟;禽 birth n.出生;开始;出身 birthday n. 生日;周年纪念日 biscuit n.饼干;素坯瓷 bit n.一小块;少量 短语:1.a bit bitter adj.、有苦味的;强烈的 black adj. & n.黑色的;抑郁的 blackboard n. 黑板;‎ blind adj.瞎的;失明的;盲目的 blood n.血;血液;激情 blow (blew, blown) v吹气;吹走;刮;‎ 短语:1.blow out 吹灭;e.g. Close the windows or the wind blow the light out.把窗户关上,不然风会把灯吹灭。‎ blue n. & adj. 蓝色;蓝色的;悲伤的 board n.薄木板;牌子 boat n.小船;船 短语:1.by boat body n. 主体;身体;躯体 book n书籍 ;著作;本;册.‎ bookshop n书店.‎ boring adj .无聊的;讨厌的 词型转换:boring/bored born adj. & v 出生的; 出生 短语:1.be born borrow v.借入;采用 短语:1.borrow …from…/lend…to boss n.老板;工头 both pron. & adj. 两者都…;双方的 短语:1. both…and…, 2.both of…, 3.both/all 例如:___ of my parents are good at English. ( 长沙市)‎ A. All B. either C. Both ‎ 题解:因为父母是指两人,所以用both .‎ bottle n. 瓶;罐;奶瓶 短语:1.a bottle of bottom n.底;基底;尽头;臀部 短语:1.at the bottom of bowl n.碗;钵 短语:1.a bowl of box n.盒子;箱;盆;匣 短语:1.a box of boy n.男孩;儿子;小伙子 brain n.脑;脑浆;智者 brave adj.勇敢的;无畏的 (braver,bravest)‎ bread n.面包 短语:1.a piece of bread break (broke, broken) n. & v. 打破;损坏 短语:1.break down breakfast n. 早餐 短语:1.have breakfast, 2.have…for breakfast,‎ breathe v.呼吸;生存;说出 短语:1.breathe in/out bridge n. 桥梁;纽带 bright adj.发光的;明亮的 ;聪明的 bring (brought, brought) v. 带来;取来;导致; 短语:1.bring…to, 2.bring sb. with, 3.bring sth for sb.‎ brother n. 兄弟;同伴;教友 brown n. & adj. 棕色的;晒黑的 brush v. & n. 刷子;画笔;擦;轻抹 build (built, built) v.建筑;修建;发展;‎ building n. 建筑物;建造 burn (burnt, burnt) v. 烧掉;发光;烫伤 bus n.公共汽车;汽车 短语:1.by bus, 2.on a bus, 3. at the bus stop business n.事务;工作;职业;要务 短语:1.on business busy adj.忙碌的;杂乱的 ; ‎ 短语:1.be busy (in) doing something.忙着做…… 2.be busy with 忙于……;‎ 主要考点为be busy doing sth .‎ They are busy ____ready for the exams. (宁夏回族自治区)‎ A. get B. getting C. to get D. got 题解:本题考查be busy doing sth.用法。题意为“他们都在忙于准备考试。”‎ but conj.但是;然而;‎ 例如:They lost the match, _____we know they did heir best. (河南省)‎ A. and B. for C. but D. so 题解:根据题意知道,前后两句存在转折关系,即“虽然他们输了比赛,但是我们知道他们已经尽最大努力了。”故选C。 ‎ butter n. 黄油;花生酱 butterfly n. 蝴蝶;彩蝶;‎ buy (bought, bought) v 买;购;收买 短语:1.buy sb sth/ buy sth for sb by prep.靠近;在……旁边 bye-bye interj.再见 C cabbage n.洋白菜;卷心菜 cake n.蛋糕;块状物 call v.呼喊;啼叫 ;‎ 短语:1. call at : “访问”后接地点名词 ; call on 后接表示人的名词。‎ ‎2.call back 叫回,召回; 3.call…for help 喊……帮忙;‎ camel n.骆驼;驼色 camera n.照相机;电视摄像机 短语:1.digital camera 数码相机 camp n. & v. 军营;拘留所 短语:1.go camping 野营度假 can n. & v能;会;可能 can’t不可能 Canada n.加拿大 candle n.蜡烛; 短语:1.light candles点蜡烛 candy n. 冰糖;糖果 cap n.软帽;帽子 capital n.首都;省会 captain n.领袖;队长 car n.轿车;有轨电车 card n厚纸片;卡片. 短语:1.Play cards打扑克 care v.关心;注意;照料:喜欢; 短语:1. take care of 照顾,照管:care for 关心 e.g. His son took care of him when he was ill.当他生病时。他的儿子照顾他。‎ careful adj. 仔细的;谨慎的 : 短语:1.be careful of 小心。。。。。‎ careless adj. 粗心的;麻木不仁 carry v. 携带;提;抱;背 cat n.猫;猫科动物 catch v. 捉住;发现:燃着;理解; (caught, caught) 短语:1.catch up (常与with连用) 赶上 近义词辨析:catch up with / keep up with catch up with 意思是“赶上”,指由落后状态变为并肩状态,侧重动作:‎ keep up with 意识是“跟上……”,指并驾骑驱,不掉队,侧重状态。‎ cause n. & v.原因;理由;提出 CD n.激光唱片;只读光盘;存储器 CD-ROM 只读光盘;存储器 ceiling n.天花板;顶棚 celebrate v. 庆祝;举行 cent n.分 centre n.中点;圆心 century n. 百年;世纪 短语:1.21st century 21世纪 certain adj. 确信的;注定的 短语:1.for certain 毫无疑问 certainly adv. 无意地;毫无疑问 chair n. 椅子;教授职位 chairman/woman n.会议主席;女人 chalk n.粉笔 chance n. 碰巧; 机会;可能性: 1.by chance 偶然的,意外地:e.g. I met him in the street quite by chance.我在街上很偶然地遇见了他。‎ change v.变化;转变;改变;找回的零钱,找头; 短语:1.change into 变成:‎ Put a basin of water in cold outside and the next morning, the watr will changeinto ice.在寒冷的室外放一盆水,第二天早晨水就会变成冰。‎ chant n. & v. 吟诵词;唱 cheap adj. 廉价的;核算的 cheat v.欺骗;骗取 check n. & v.核查;查明;核对:‎ 短语:1. check in (在旅馆、机场等)登记,验票:e.g. You must check in an hour before the plane leaves.‎ 你必须在飞机起飞前一个小时办理登机手续。‎ ‎2. check-out(购货时的)结帐台,收银台。 e.g. I will wait for you at the check-out.我在收银台等你。‎ cheer n. & v. 喝彩;情绪;欢呼:‎ 短语:1.cheer…on 为……加油: e.g. The crowd cheered both teams on. 观众为双方的球队欢呼加油。‎ ‎2. Cheer up! 高兴点儿! e.g.Cheer up! Don’t be so worried. 高兴点儿!别担心。‎ cheese n.干酪;蜜饯 chemistry n. 化学;吸引力 chess n. 国际象棋; 短语:1. play chess下象棋 chest n.大箱子;胸腔 chick n.少妇;小鸟 chicken n.小鸡;家禽;鸡肉;‎ child (pl. children) n. 小孩;没经验的人;‎ China n.中国;‎ Chinese adj.& n. 中文;中国的;中国人 chocolate n. 巧克力;巧克力饮料 choice n. 选择;选择权 短语:1.make a choice做出选择 choose (chose, chosen) v.挑选;选择;‎ chopsticks n.筷子 Christmas n.圣诞节 短语:1.Christmas Eve 平安夜 church n.教堂;礼拜 cinema n. 电影院;电影 短语:1.go to the cinema 去看电影 circle n. & v圆圈;圆形 city n.城市;都市 clap v. & n. 拍手;鼓掌 class n. 种类;等级;阶级;班级;(一节)课;‎ 近义词辨析:class / lesson class 指以时间为单位的课堂教学活动,也指“班级或全体学生”lesson “功 课”等教学内容。e.g.Class Two is having a Chinese lesson.二班在上语文课。‎ 作“课”讲时,lesson可以和class互换。e.g. We have no classes/lessons on Sundays.我们星期天不上课。‎ classmate n. 同班同学 classroom n.教室;课堂 clean adj. & v.清洁的;爱干净的;‎ 短语:1.clean up 清除,收拾干净。e.g. Boys and girls, please clean up your desks.同学们,请把你们的书桌收拾干净。‎ ‎2.clean-up 大扫除 clear adj. 无污染的;晴朗的;清楚的;清澈的。.短语:1.clear up 整理。‎ e.g.They were clearing up this room before the visitors arrive.‎ clearly adv.干净地;无污染地 clever adj.聪明的;灵巧的;‎ clever / bright clever 指“聪明、机敏、熟练”等。e.g.He is clever with money. 他善于理财。‎ bright 多指小孩“聪明、伶俐”,或者指好的想法或建议。e.g.That bright boy gave us a bright idea.那个聪明的男孩给我们一个好主意。‎ climb v.攀登;爬上 短语:1.climb up/down 爬上/下 clock n. 时钟;里程表 短语:1.clock tower钟楼 clone v. 克隆;‎ close v. & adj. 关;结束;密切的;近的;亲密的;‎ clothes n.衣服;床上用品 短语:1.clothes-line晾衣绳 cloud n.乌云;云雾;烟尘 cloudy adj. 有烟的;多云的 club n.俱乐部;棍棒 coach n. 辅导;教练;旅客车厢 coal n.煤;煤块儿 coast n.沿海地区;海岸 coat n. 大衣;外套 coffee n. 咖啡;咖啡树 短语:1.coffee bar 咖啡吧 coin n. 硬币;钱币 coke n焦炭.‎ cold adj. & n. 冷的;冷淡的;不友好的;寒冷;伤风;感冒;‎ collect v.收集;采集;积累 college n.专科学院;学院 colour n. & v. 色;彩色;燃料;给着色 短语:1.color-blind色盲 come (came, come) v. 来;来临;实现;‎ 例如:Every year many foreigners ___ to China to learn Chinese. ( 陕西省)‎ A. have come B. comes C. came D. come ‎ 题解:由Every year知道是用一般现在时,只有B,D是一般现在时,又因主语为复数,故选D。 ‎ 例如:It’s getting warmer and warmer. The flowers start to ___. (哈尔滨市)‎ A. come in B. come over C come out D. come on ‎ 题解:很明显题意为“天越来越暖和,花都开了。”A为“进来”。B,D为“过来”。只有C符合题意。故选C。‎ 短语:1. come along 来到,出现,赶快:e.g.Come along, Tom.快点,Tom。 ‎ ‎2. 、come down 下来,落;e.g.Please come down to the floor. 请下到地面上来。‎ ‎3. come into (wide) use 开始;被(广泛) 使用:e.g.Now computers has come into wide use in many fields.‎ ‎4.Come on! (表示激励)加油!快!‎ ‎5. come out 发行,出版;指(花儿)开放。‎ ‎6. come true 实现 ‎7. come up to 来到……面前。e.g. The guard comes up to me with smile.门卫笑着走到我面前。‎ ‎8. come up with 找到,提出(答案、解决办法等)。e.g.The boss hopes you can come up with a better plan than this.‎ comfortable adj.、使舒服的;‎ common adj.通常的;普通的 短语:1.in commom 共同地 communication n.传达;信息 company n.公司;人群;合伙者 compare v.把……比做;对照 短语:1.compare… with…. 把…与…进行比较 competition n. 竞争;比赛 complete adj. & v. 完整的;十足的 composition n. 组成;作品 computer n.电脑; 短语:1.digital computer 数字计算机 concert n.音乐会;和谐 condition n. 前提;状态 短语:1.be in good / poor condition 处于好的/坏的状况 conference n.协商;会议 connect v.连接;联想 consider v.考虑;细看 短语:1.consider doing 考虑做。。。。‎ context n. 语境;场合 continue v. 坚持不懈;待续 短语:1.continue doing 继续做。。。‎ contract n. 合同;缩小 control v.指挥;控制;管理 短语:1.be in control 管理,支配 2.be out of control失控 conversation n. 会话 ;会谈 cook v. & n. 烹调;做;篡改 cooker n. 厨具;蒸煮用具;锅 cool adj. 凉的;凉快的;‎ copy n. & v. 复制品;副本;拷贝;复印;印刷; copyright版权 corner n. 角儿;屋角 correct v. & adj. 正确的;改正 cost v. 耗费;使付出;价格 短语:1.at all costs不惜任何代价 例如:—How much does this DVD___?‎ ‎—It 's ¥298.‎ A. cost B. pay C. spend ‎ 题解:cost 用于句型“How much does +主语+cost ?”中。故选A。‎ cotton n. & adj. 棉花;棉株 cough 咳嗽;吐露 短语:1.have a bad cough 咳得很厉害 could modal v. 有可能 count v.计数;数数 短语:1.count down倒计时 country n国土;乡村 countryside n.农村地区;农村 couple n. 两个;一对 courage n.勇气;无畏 course n.行进;路线 cousin n.堂兄弟;表兄弟 cover n. & v.保护;铺盖 短语:1.cover…. with…. 用…覆盖…‎ cow n.奶牛;母牛;婆娘 crayon n.彩色粉笔;绘画铅笔 crazy adj.发疯的;着迷的 create v.引起;创造 词型转换:creation创造,发生 cross v. & n. 十字架;十字形 cruel adj. 残酷的;严厉的 cry n. & v. 呼喊;哭泣 ;诉说 culture n. 文化;文明 cup n.杯子;杯形物 cut (cut, cut) v. & n. 切;砍; 短语:1. cut down 砍倒;2. cut up 砍碎 D dad (daddy) n. 爸爸;‎ daily adj. adv. & n. 每日的;经常 短语:1.daily life日常生活 dance v. & n.跳舞;雀跃 短语:1.dance music舞曲 danger n. 危险物;危险;‎ 短语: 1. in danger 在……危险之中。e.g.The building is in danger of collapse (倒塌)。这楼房要塌了、‎ ‎2. out of danger 脱离危险。e.g. After the treatment, he is now out of danger. 经过治疗,他已经脱离危险了。‎ dangerous adj. 危险的;引起危险的 dare v. & aux. 敢;竟敢 dark adj. & n. 暗的;黑暗的 短语:1.before / after dark 天黑之前/之后 date n. 日期;年份;‎ 短语:1.date from / back to 追溯到(某一时间): e.g. The Great Wall dates back to Qin Dynasty. 长城的历史可以追溯到秦朝。‎ daughter n. 女儿;女性后裔 granddaughter孙女 day n. 白昼;日光;‎ ‎1. day by day 一天天地,逐日:e.g. Spring is coming and the weather gets warmer day by day.春天来了,天气一天天边暖了。‎ ‎2. one day (过去或将来的)某一天:e.g. You will regret one day if you don’t work hard.如果不努力的话,总有一天你回后悔的。‎ ‎3. the other day 在不久前,某天;e.g. He can’t be abroad, I met him on the street the other day. 他不可能出国了,我不久前在街上还碰到过他。‎ ‎4. the day before yesterday 前天 5. the day after tomorrow 后天6. these days 如今 7. day off 休息日 dead adj. 死亡的;麻木的 短语:1.be dead 死了(持续性词组)‎ deaf adj. 聋的; 短语:1.deaf-aid助听器 deal v. 处理;交往;对待;‎ 短语:1. deal with 对付,处理。e.g.How will you deal with problem?‎ ‎2. a great deal of 大量。 e.g.I have a great deal work to do. 我有大量的工作要做。‎ dear adj.心爱的;十分敬重的 death n 死亡;结术 December n.十二月 decide v.决定;下决心 短语:1.decide on 决定 decision n. 决定;判决 短语:1.make a decision 作出决定 deep adj. & adv.深的;有……深的 degree n. 程度;等级;度数 delicious adj.美味的;芬芳的 dentist n. 牙科医生;牙科学发 ;e.g. There is something wrong with my son’s teeth.He needs to see the dentist.‎ depend v. 取决于;依赖 短语:1.depend on 取决于 describe v. 描述;断言 desk n. 书桌;办公桌 短语:1.at desk在学习 develop v. 使发展;培育;生长;发育; 词型转换:developing发展中的 developed发达的 development n. 开发;发展;‎ e.g. The development of the medicine industry will take several years. 医药工业的发展要经过几年的时间。‎ dialogue n.对话;对白 diary n. 日记;日记薄 短语:1.keep a diary记日记 dictionary n. 字典;辞书 短语:1.look up …in the dictionary 在字典里查阅。。。。。‎ die v. 枯死 ;结束 difference n. 差异;不同程度 短语:1.make a difference between 区别对待 different adj.不同的;不一致的 短语:1.be different from 不一样 difficult adj. 困难的;复杂的;艰难的;‎ 近义词辨析:difficult / harddifficult 和 hard 都有“困难的”意思,区别是diffficult侧重于智力上的 难题,hard 侧重体力上的难题。e.g. It is hard for me to climb up the hill alone.独自一人爬上那座山对我来说太难了。‎ e.g.The problem is difficult for me to work out. 我很难解出这道难题。‎ difficulty n.困难;障碍; 短语:1. have difficulty (in) doing sth.‎ e.g.We have difficulty (in) passing the exam. 要通过这次考试,我们有困难。‎ dig (dug, dug) v.挖;掘;翻 dinner n. 正餐;宴会 短语:1.at dinner在吃饭 direct adj. & v. 笔直的;最近的;指引;导演;‎ e.g. I directed the traveler to the college.我告诉了这个旅行者去学院的路。‎ Who directed the film “Gone with wind?” 电影《飘》是谁导演的?‎ direction n.指挥;管理 director n.主任;主管;导演 dirty adj. 肮脏的 discover n. 找到;发现 discovery n.发现;发觉 discuss v. 讨论;议论 短语:1.discuss sth with sb 和某人讨论某事 discussion n. 谈论;议论 短语:1.under discussion正在讨论中 disease n. 疾病;弊病 短语:1.a serious disease 严重的疾病 dish n. 蝶;盘;食品 disturb v. 搅乱;中断;使烦恼 divide v. 分开;分配; 短语:1.divide…into… 把…和…分开 do (did, done) v做;干;‎ 短语:1. do a good job 干得不错。 e.g. He did a very good job in the exams. 他的考试成绩考得很好。‎ ‎2. do one’s best 尽自己最大努力;e.g. If you want to pass the exam, you must do your best from now on.‎ 要想通过考试,从此你必须尽自己最大努力。‎ ‎3. do some shopping 买点东西。‎ ‎4. do well in 在……方面干得好;e.g. He did badly in English , but he does well in it now .‎ ‎5. do with 处置,对付。 e.g.What will you do with it?你会怎么处置踏呢?‎ doctor n. 大夫;医生;博士 短语:1.see a doctor 看医生 dog n.犬;狗;雄兽 e.g. Every dog has his day人人皆有得意日 doll n.玩具娃娃;玩偶;傻妞;‎ dollar n.美元 door n.门;家 短语:1.out of doors 在户外 double adj. & n.成对的;两倍的;‎ doubt n. & v. 不肯定的;愤世嫉俗 短语:1.without doubt 无疑地 down adv. & prep.向下;朝下 短语:1.down load下载 downstairs adv. 顺楼梯而下 短语:1.fall downstairs 从楼梯上摔下 dozen n. 十二个;一打 draw v.拖;拔出;拉开 drawer n. 抽屉 drawing n.制图;素描画 dream v. & n. 梦;理想 短语:1.have a day dream 做白日梦 2.dream of /that dress n. & v.给……穿衣;打扮;‎ 近义词辨析:dress / wear/ put on dress 后面接人作宾语,意思是“给……穿衣服”。wear 后面接衣服名词,指状态,意思 是“穿着……”。‎ put on 侧重于动作,后面接衣服名词,意思 是“把……穿上”e.g. My son is old enough do dress himself.‎ 我的儿子长大了,能自己穿衣服了。It’s cold outside. Better put on more clothes. 最好多穿点衣服。‎ 短语:1.dress oneself 自己穿衣服 drink v. & n. 饮;喝;干杯 短语:1.drink up 喝光 drive (drove, driven) v. 驱赶;迫使 短语:1.driving-license 驾照 driver n.驾驶员 短语:1.driver’s license驾照 drop v.小液珠 drum n.鼓;敲击乐组 dry v. & adj. 干的;无水分的; 短语:1. dry up 干涸 e.g. The old well dries up for a long time. 那口老井干涸了许久了。‎ duck n. 鸭肉;野鸭 dumpling n.饺子 短语:1.make dumplings 包饺子 during prep.在……整个期间 duty n.责任;责任感 短语:1.on / off duty 值 / 不值班 DVD n E each adj. & pron 各个;各自;每一个 短语:1.each other彼此 ear n. 耳朵;听觉 短语:1.ear-ring 耳环 early adj. & adv. 提早的(地);及时的(地) 短语:1.in early spring在早春 earth n. 地球;海洋 easily adv. 容易地;非常 east n.& adj.东方;东部 easy adj.容易的;不费劲的 短语:1.easy come , easy go 来得容易去得快 eat v. 吃饭;吞咽;咀嚼 短语:1.eat up 吃光 edge n.边界;边缘;界限 education n.教育;传统教育 短语:1.further education 深造 effort n.力气;尽力; 努力 egg n. 蛋;卵 eight num.八;八号 either adj. conj & adv. (两者间)任意一个;‎ 近义词辨析:either / both / neither both 是“两个都……”的意思;‎ either表示“两者中的任何一个”; 也 例如:—Here’s coffee and tea. You may have ___.( 年湖北武汉市)‎ ‎—Thanks.‎ A. either B. each C. one D. it 题解:考查either作代词“(两者中)任何一个”的用法。故选A。‎ neither、表示“两者中的任何一个都不……”。‎ 使用时,both后面接名词复数,neithreither修饰名词的单数形式。e.g. Neither answer is right. 两个答案都不对。‎ Either you or I am right .要么是你对,要么是我对。Both you and I are right.你和我都对。‎ 注意:表示“两个都不……”,不用 both…not而应使用Neither e.g.Neither of us is a student.我们都是学生。‎ elder n.年长的;岁数大的;‎ electric adj. 电的 ;带电的 elephant n.象 eleven num. 十一(的);十一号 else adj. & adv. 此外;其他人 E-mail n.电子邮件 短语:1.send an E-mail发邮件 empty adj. 空的;来往人的 短语:1.on an empty stomach enable v. 有权做;开启 encourage v. 鼓励;督促 短语:1.encourage sb to lose weight鼓励某人减肥 end n. & v. 末尾;终点 短语:1.in the end最后 enemy n.敌人;敌国 energy n. 精力;活力能量 短语:1.be full of energy 精力充沛 engineer n.;工程师;技师 England‎ n. 英国 English n. & adj. 英国的;英语的 enjoy v. 欣赏;喜爱 主要考点为:enjoy doing sth. 和enjoy oneself ‎ 例如:Who ___ playing ping pong in your class? (山西省)‎ A. wants B. hopes C. enjoys 题解:因为A,B都是后接动词不定式,而题中给的是playing,根据enjoy doing的用法,知道应该选C。‎ enough adj. adv. & n. 足够的;充足的 短语:1.good enough 足够好 主要考点为enough修饰名词时可放在名词之前后之后;修饰副词和形容词时只能放在所修饰词的后面; 用法(not)…enough to do sth . ‎ 例如:Don’t worry. He is ___to take care of little Betty.(哈尔滨市)‎ A .carefully enough B. enough careful C. careful enough ‎ 题解:用在be动词后需用形容词,故排除A。又因enough放在所修饰形容词的后面,故选C。‎ ensure n.确保;保证 enter v. 进入;上台 eraser n. 消除用具;橡皮擦 especially adv. 尤其;格外 Europe‎ n. 欧洲;‎ European n. 欧洲的;欧洲人 even adv. 甚至; 短语:1.even better甚至更好 evening n. 傍晚;晚上 短语:1.in the evening 在晚上 ever adv. 1.(用在否定句、疑问句、条件状语从句中)曾经,在任何时候;‎ e.g. I hardly ever see him going to work by bike nowadays. 我近来很少到他骑车上班。‎ ‎2.(用于特殊疑问句,加强语气)究竟。‎ Where ever have you been? I gave been here waiting for you for about half an hour.你到底去那里了?我已经在这儿等你半小时了。‎ ‎3. 以前: e.g. With a tiger after him,the hunter ran faster than ever. 后面有只大老虎在追,猎人跑得比以前快多了。短语:1. ever since 从那时起 every adj. 每个;每隔 everybody pron. 每个人;人人 everyday adj. 每天发生的;普通的 everyone pron. 每人;个人 ;‎ 近义词辨析:everyone / every one 。everyone 只能指人,意思 是“人人、每人”,‎ every one 即可指人有可指物,两个词作主语的时候,谓语动词使用单数;如果表示某个范围内的“每个人”时,everyone 后面接“in+集体名词”,every one 后面接“of+集体名词”。e.g. Every one of us is getting ready for the exam.‎ 我们有的人都在准备考试。‎ everything pron. 一切;全部 everywhere adv.处处;到处 exactly adv. 精确地;恰好地 exam =examination n. 检查;详查 examine v. 检查;调查 example n.例证;榜样 excellent adj. 极为出色的;特别优秀的 except prep. 将……排除在外;除了 例如:Where’s Lily? We are all here ___ her. (辽宁省)‎ A. beside B. about C. except D. with 题解:考查except作介词的用法。 ‎ excite v. 使兴奋;引起 excited adj.兴奋的;激动的 exciting adj. .兴奋的;激动的 excuse n. & v. 开脱;谅解;‎ 近义词辨析:Excuse me, I am sorry ,I beg your pardon 当我们要做的事、说的话可能引起对方的不便或打搅对方时或者希望引起对方眨注意,常说Excuse me; 而当我们做错了事或说错了话时,常说I am sorry; 别人的话没听清楚,或不理解的时候,常说I beg your pardon.‎ exercise v. & n. 运动;锻炼 短语:1.take more exercise多运动 2.keep-fit exercises保健练习 expect v.预料;期望 expensive adj.昂贵的 ;价高的 experience n. 经历;体验 短语:1.by experience从经验中 experiment n.实验 ;试验 短语:1.learn by experiment 通过实验学习 explain v. 解释;阐释 explanation n.解释;说明 express v. 表达;表述 eye n.眼睛;视觉器官 F face n. 脸;面孔;v. 面对;面向 短语:1.face to face 面对面地。例如:They stand face to face talking.他们面对面地站在那里谈着。‎ ‎2.make a face at 向……做鬼脸。 例如:He made faces at the baby to make it laugh. 他向婴儿做鬼脸来逗他发笑。‎ fact n. 事实;真相; 短语:in fact 事实上,实际上。‎ factor n. .因素;代理商 factory n.. 工厂;制造厂 fail v. 失败;忽视 短语: fail in sth. 在某事物中失败 例如:I passed in maths but failed in French. 我数学及格,但法语不及格。‎ n. failure 失败;不成功 fair n. 庙会;集市 adj. 公平的;公道的 短语:fair to/ on sb.例如:The ruling was not fair to everyone.这项裁决并非对每个人都公正。‎ fairly adv. 相当地; 完全地 例如:This is a fairly easy book. 这是相当浅易的书。‎ fall (fell, fallen) v. 落下;摔倒;‎ 短语:1.fall asleep 入睡 2. fall behind 落后 ‎3. fall ill 患病,病倒 ‎4. fall in love with 喜欢 I went to Shanghai last year and fell in love with it. 我去年去的上海,我喜欢上了这座城市。‎ ‎5. fall off 摔倒 He fell off his bike. 他从车上摔了下来。‎ n. (US)= autumn 秋天 ; (pl.) 瀑布Niagara‎ ‎Falls 尼亚加拉瀑布 false adj. 错误的; 不正确的; 假的 family n.. 家庭;家族 famous adj. 著名的;出名的; 近义词辨析:famous for / famous as be famous for 表示“因为某种知识技能、作品或特征而出名”。 be famous as 表示“作为……身份而出名”。例如: Einstein was famous as a great scientist. He was famous for his Theory of Relativity.爱因斯坦以一位伟大的科学家而著称他以他的相对论而闻名。‎ fan n.. 风扇;扇状物; 迷(某人/某事物热情崇拜者或拥护着)例如:football, jazz, cinema fans 足球迷,爵士乐迷, 影迷 fantastic adj. 极好的;荒诞的 far (farther, farthest /further, furthest) adj. & adv.遥远地;远隔 短语:1. far away 很远,遥远。例如:The new music teacher lives far away.新来的音乐教师住得很远。‎ ‎2.as far as 就,至于。例如:As far as I know, he has been to the town only once.据我所知,他只去过镇上一次。‎ ‎3. so far 迄今为止 例如: So far the work has been easy到目前为止,这工作很容易。‎ ‎4.far from 远离 例如:The school is not far from here. 学校离这不远。‎ farm n.农场;种植场 短语: on the farm 在农场 farmer n.农场主;农夫 fascinate v. 使(某人)着迷,神魂颠倒或极感兴趣 例如:The children were fascinated by the toys in the shop window.‎ 孩子们让商店橱窗里的玩具给吸引住了。‎ fascinating adj. 吸引人的; 迷人的; 使人神魂颠倒的 例如:a fascinating voice /story 迷人的嗓音/ 故事 fashion n. 流行的样式; 时尚; 风尚 短语:be in fashion 流行; 入时 be out of fashion 不再流行;过时 例如:Jeans are still in fashion.牛仔裤还很时髦。‎ fashionable adj. 时兴的;时髦的;流行的例如:fashionable clothes/ furniture/ ideas/ ladies 时髦的服装/家具/思想/女士 fast adj. & adv.快的;偏快的; fast food 快餐 近义词辨析:fast / quickly fast指人或物的运动速度快。例如:The car runs fast. 车子在飞驶。quickly 指事情发生或完成得快,延续的时间短,也常指人的思维快、反应快或动作敏捷。例如:The student found the answer to the quickly.学生很快地找到了问题的答案。‎ fat adj.(fatter, fattest) 肥的;肥胖的 例如:If you eat too much chocolate you’ll get fat.吃太多巧克力会发胖。‎ n. 脂肪;肥肉 father n..父亲;爸爸 favorite adj. & n.最受喜爱的 例如:Who is your favorite write? 你最喜欢哪位作家?These books are great favorites of mine. 这些是我最爱的书。‎ fax n. & v. 传真 a fax machine 传真机短语:fax sth. to sb. 用传真机传送 例如:Please fax your plans to me. 请把你的计划用传真机给我传送过来。‎ fear n. & v. 恐怕;忧虎;恐惧例如: fear of height对高处的恐惧 She feared to speak in front of so many people. 她害怕在这么多人面前讲话 I fear (that) he is going to die. 我担心他快死了。‎ feature n. 特点;特征;特色 February n.. 二月 短语: in February 在二月 feed (fed, fed) v .喂养;饲养 短语:feed sb./ sth. ( on sth.)给(人或动物)食物;喂;喂养例如:Have you fed the cats? 你喂过猫没有?‎ She has a large family to feed . 她要养活一大家人 What do you feed the dog on? 你用什么喂狗?‎ feel (felt, felt) v. 摸索;感知 例如:feel cold, hungry, comfortable, happy etc.感到冷,饿, 舒服,快乐等 短语:feel like doing 想要……, 感觉要……相当于want to do/ would like to do 例如: I feel like having a drink.我想喝点酒。‎ feeling n.知觉;触觉 female n. 女性;女人 fence n. 栅栏;篱笆;围墙 festival n.节日;纪念活动日 fetch v.取来;请来 短语:fetch sb./ sth. ( for sb.) 接来某人/取来某物 例如:Fetch a doctor at once. 快去请医生来。The chair is in the garden; please fetch it in. 椅子在花园了,请把它搬进来。‎ fever n.发烧;发热 短语:have a fever 发烧 例如:He has a high fever.他发高烧。‎ few pron. & a.不多的;很少的 :‎ 近义词辨析:few / a few few 是否定词,意思是“没有几个、很少数”,a few 的意思是“有几个、少数”,是肯定词,这两个词都用来修饰可数名词的复数。‎ 例如:The mountain is too steep, so ___people can reach the top. (漳州市)‎ A. little B. a little C. few D. a few ‎ 题解:本题考查的就是few “很少的,几乎没有的”作否定意义时的用法。题意为“那座山脉太陡峭了,所以几乎没人能到达山顶。”故选C。 ‎ fiction n. 小说 field n. 田;地;牧场;领域 短语:in the field of art ,music ,science etc.在艺术,音乐,科学等领域 fifteen num. 十五 fifteenth num. 第十五 fifth num.第五(的);第五个(的)‎ fifty num.五十(的) 短语:in one’s fifties在50岁到60岁之间 fight (fought, fought ) v. & n战斗;打架.短语:1.fight with /against sb./sth. 搏斗;打架;打仗;作战 例如:Have you been fighting with your brother?你又跟弟弟打架了吗?‎ We must fight against the enemy. 我们必须与敌人作战。 2. fight for sth. 争取获得或完成某事物 例如:fight for freedom; human rights 争取自由;人权 fill v.装满;布满 短语: 1. fill with 充满;装满 例如:fill a hole with sand 用沙子把洞填满 ‎2. fill in =fill out 填充;填出 例如:fill in a form 填表格 film n.薄层;胶片;电影 例如:see a film 看电影 final adj.最后的;最终的 finally adv最后地.‎ find (found, found) v.发现;碰上 短语: 1. find out 发现, 查明; 例如:She’d been seeing the boy for a while, but didn’t want her parents to find out.她和这个男孩约会已有一段时间了。‎ ‎2. find sb. out 识破,查出坏人。finding n. 发现;发现物;调查结果 fine adj. 优秀的 finger n. 手指;指状物 finish v. 结束;完成 ( + doing ) 例如:finish reading a book 读完一本书 fire n.& v.火焰;燃烧 短语:1.light a fire / make a fire 生火2. on fire 燃烧 The house is on fire. 房子着火了。‎ firm n. 公司 first num, adj. & adv.最先的;第一的;‎ 短语:1.first aid 急救2. first of all = at first 首先;起初 3. first name 名字;教名 fish n. 鱼;鱼肉 fisherman n. 渔民;钓鱼者(pl. fishermen)‎ fit adj. 合适的 例如:The food was not fit to eat. 这食物不适合吃。‎ v. 使适合;(pt, pp: fitted; fitted US also fit; fit)‎ 例如:These shoes don’t fit me. 这双鞋我穿着不合适。‎ five num. 五;五个;‎ fix v. 使牢固;钉牢;修理 短语:fix up 修理He is fixing up his bike.他正在修车。‎ flag n. 旗;国旗 flashcard n. 抽认卡 短语:make flashcards制作抽认卡 flat n. 单元房;公寓房间 flee (fled, fled) v. 逃跑;逃离;逃开 短语:flee from 逃离,逃跑 例如:During the war thousands of people fled from the country.在战争期间成千上万的人逃离了国家。‎ flight n. 航班;飞行 floor n. 地面;底 flower n. 花;花朵 flu n .流感 bird flu 禽流感 fly v. (flew, flown) & n.飞;敢、飞翔; 短语:fly over 自爱……上空飞行。‎ fold v. 折叠;折起来 follow v. 跟随;沿着 following adj. 下列的;接着的 food n. 食物;固体食品 fool n. 蠢人;傻瓜;白痴 April Fool ( April Fool’s Day)愚人节 foolish adj. 愚蠢的;傻的 foot (feet) n.脚;足 football n.足球;橄榄球 footstep n. 脚步声;足迹 for prep.为了…的利益;打算去做。给,为了:‎ 短语:1.for sure 毫无疑问,确实。 ‎ 例如:He will find the truth for sure. 他一定会发现真相的。‎ 主要考点一般为相关的固定结构和习惯用法。‎ 例如:Thank you___ inviting me to your birthday party. I really had a good time.( 宁夏)‎ A. on B. for C. in D. of ‎ 题解:本题考查for在固定结构“T hank you for doing sth.”里的用法。故选B。‎ ‎2. forever= for ever 永远,总是。‎ 例如:I shall remember that happy day forever. 我将永远记住那快乐的一天。‎ ‎3. for example = for instance 例如;举例 4. for the reason 因为 forbid v. ( forbad, forbidden) 禁止;不准;不许 Forbidden City紫禁城 force v.强迫 foreign adj. 外国的;对外的.‎ foreigner n.外国人 forest n. 森林地带;森林 forget v. 忘记;忽略;‎ 近义词辨析:1. forget 意思是“忘记”某事,而leave则是将物品“遗留”在某地。例如:I forget that we had met at a meeting before. 我忘了我们以前在一次会议上见过面。 I left the book in ‎ his house. 我把书忘在他家里了。‎ ‎2. forget 后面可以接不定式,例如:I forgot to give the book back to him.我忘了把书还给他了。(还书一事还没有发生)。也可以接动名词,例如:I forgot giving the book back to him.我把还书给他的事情忘记了。主要考点为forget to do sth.和forget doing sth. 的用法。‎ 其形容词为:forgetful 健忘的 例如:When you leave, don ’ t forget ___off the light .(漳州市)‎ A. to turn B. turning C. turn D. turned ‎ 题解:看备选答案好像考查的是turn,其实考查的是forget to do sth.的用法。故选A。‎ fork n叉子;驻架.‎ form n.形状;结构;表格 v. 形成;构成 fortunately adv. 幸运地;幸亏 forty num. 四十 four num.四;四个 fourteen num. 十四 fourteenth num.第十四 forward adv.向前的;冒失的 fox n. 狐狸;狡猾的人 France 法国 French n.&adj.法国的;法语 Frenchman, Frenchwoman 法国人 free adj.自主的;自由的; 短语:for free 免费。 例如:These tickets are for free. 这些票是免费的。‎ freedom n. 自由 freeze v. (froze, frozen)(使)结冰;(使)凝固 fresh adj.新做的;不同的 Friday n. 星期五 fridge n.冰箱 friend n. 朋友;赞助者 friendly adj. 友好的;和善的 短语:be friendly to sb.对某人友好 frog n.蛙类动物;蛙 from prep.作为起点的…;从…; 短语: 1.from now on 从现在起,今后。例如:I will never talk to that man again from now on.‎ ‎2. from … to… 从……到……。‎ ‎3. from then on从那时起From then on she knew she would win. 她从那时起就知道自己会获胜。‎ front adj. & n.前面;正面;‎ 近义词辨析:1.in front of 在……前面。例如:There are two tall trees in front of the house ‎2. in the front of 在……的前面,在……前部(侧重一个 整体的前部分)。例如:There is a teacher’s desk in the front of the classroom.在教师的前面有一张讲台。‎ fruit n.水果;水果食物 frustrate v. 使失望;使沮丧;使厌烦 frustrated adj. 令人灰心的;令人沮丧的 frustrating adj. 使人心烦的;使人讨厌的;使人灰心的 full adj.满的;充满的;饱的 短语;be full of 充满……的,富有……的。‎ 例如:The future of the young is full of hope. 年轻人的前途大有希望。‎ fun n. 娱乐;玩笑; 短语:make fun of sb. 同某人开玩笑。例如:She dislikes to be made fun of. 她不喜欢别人开她的玩笑。‎ funny adj.有趣的;独特的 furry adj. 毛皮的;似毛皮的;毛皮制的 future n.将来;以后 短语:in the future 在将来;在未来 G gallery n. 美术馆;画廊;走廊 a picture gallery 美术展览馆 game n.游戏;比赛 garage n. 汽车间;汽车房;汽车库 garbage n. 废物;垃圾 garden n. 花园;公园 gate n. 门;城门;大门 general adj.普遍的;盛行的 短语:in general 总的说来;通常;大体上 例如:In general her work has been good, but this essay was bad.总的说来,她的作品不错,不过这篇文章糟透了。‎ generally adv普遍地 例如: The plan was generally welcomed.该计划广受欢迎。‎ generous adj. 慷慨的;大方的 例如:It is generous of you to share your food with me. 你把事物与我分享,真慷慨。‎ gentle adj. 温和的;温柔的;轻轻的 geography n.地理学;地理 German adj. & n. 德国(的);德语(的);德国人(的)‎ Germany n. 德国 gesture n. 手势;示意动作 make a rude gesture 做出粗野的姿势 get (got, got) v. 获得;收到;‎ 短语:1. get…back 退还……;送回去;取回; 返回,回到某地;回复某人(电话,信笺)‎ 例如:You’d better get back home and get the books back.‎ 你最好回家把书取回来。‎ The ship got back to the port yesterday. 船昨天回到了码头。‎ He is waiting for my reply, but I haven’t got bake to him.他正等待我的答复,但是我还没给他回复。‎ ‎2.get close (to) 接近 3.get down 降下 4. get in 进入, 收获,达到 例如:The train got in late. 火车到站误点了。‎ The farmers are getting the crops in. 农民们正在收割庄稼。‎ ‎5. get in the way 妨碍 6. get off 下车。例如:We will get off at the next bus stop . 我们将在下一站下车。‎ ‎7. get on 上车。 例如:I get on the train every moning at 6:30.我每天早晨六点半上火车。‎ ‎8.get on / along (well)with 和……相处(很好)。 例如:How are you getting along with your classmates?‎ 你和你的同学相处的如何?‎ ‎9. get the first / second place 获得第一名/第二名。‎ 例如;This time he got the first place in the exam. 这次他考试得了第一名。‎ ‎10. get up 起床,起身。‎ 例如:Get up early or you’ll be late for school. 快点起床,否则你上学晚了。‎ ‎11. get to 到达 例如:He just got to Beijing. 他刚刚到达北京。‎ ‎12. get out 出去;离开 get out of 从……出来 例如:You should get out of your room.你应该从房间里出来。‎ ‎13. get over 克服;恢复;原谅 例如:She can’t get over shyness.她克服不掉羞怯感。‎ ‎14.get together 聚会,联欢 例如:We must get together for a drink some time. 我们得找时间聚聚喝上一杯。‎ gift n.赠品;礼物 a birthday gift 生日礼物 giraffe n.长颈鹿 (复数:giraffe or giraffes)‎ girl n.女孩;如、姑娘 give (gave, given) v. 送给;捐赠;‎ 短语:1. give … a hand 助……一臂之力,给……帮助。例如:Could you give me a hand with these boxes?你能帮我搬箱子吗?‎ ‎2. give …a ring / call; 给……打电话。‎ ‎3. give away 免费送出;赠送 例如:He gave away most of his money to charity.‎ ‎4. give back 归还 例如:Could you give me back my pen? 你把那支笔还给我好吗?‎ ‎5. give birth to 生(孩子)。例如:She gave birth to a girl last night. 昨晚她生了一个女孩。‎ ‎6. give in 上交;呈交;屈服;让步;例如:Please give your exam papers in to your teacher when you finished.‎ She’s a brave player, she never gives in. 她是个勇敢的选手,从不屈服。‎ ‎7. give out 分发;散发 例如:The teacher gave out the test papers. 老师发了考卷。‎ ‎8. give up 放弃,停止;例如:Can’t you give up smoking? 你难道就不能戒烟吗?‎ glad adj. 高兴的;快乐的 例如:I’m glad to hear he’s feeling better. 听说他身体好些了,我很高兴。‎ glass n. 玻璃;玻璃制品 a glass of water 一杯水 ‎(pl.) glasses 眼镜 a pair of glasses 一副眼镜 globe n. 球状物;球体;地球仪 glove n. 手套;拳击手套 a pair of gloves 一副手套 glue n. 胶;胶水 mend a broken cup with glue 用胶粘补破杯 v. 用胶水将物体粘合;粘贴 glue two pieces of wood together将两块木头粘合在一起 go v.行进;去; 短语: 1. go ahead 走在前面,领先;干吧,干下去 例如:---May I start now? ---Yes, go ahead. ---我现在可以开始吗?---可以,开始吧。‎ ‎2. go away 走开。 例如:Don’t go away. I’ll be back in a minute.别走开,我马上回来。‎ ‎3. go by (指时间)过去;消逝 例如:As time goes by my memory seems to get worse.‎ ‎4.go in for 参加。 例如:His brother doesn’t go in for sports. 他弟弟没有参加运动。‎ ‎5.go fishing (shopping, skating) (去)钓鱼(买东西,滑冰)‎ ‎6.go for a walk 散步7. go off (闹铃)闹响 例如:This morning my alarm clock didn’t go off. 今天早晨我的闹钟没响。‎ ‎8. go on 继续(说/做)下去。go on with 继续 例如:Who knows what’s going on here?有谁知道这里发生了什么事?‎ ‎9. go over 复习,仔细检查。例如:Let’s go over the lesson again. 让我们把功课再复习一遍。‎ ‎10. go straight along 沿着……一直往前走。‎ 例如:Go straight along the street and take the second turning on the left.沿着街道向前走,在第二个拐弯处左拐。‎ ‎11. go through 查阅;浏览 例如:I always start the day by going through my email. 我总是每天一早就查阅我的电子邮件。‎ goat n.山羊;愚蠢的人 god n.偶像 God 上帝 gold n. & adj黄金;金色. a gold medal 金牌 win a/ the gold 获得金牌 golden adj.金色的;含金的 golf n. 高尔夫球运动 play golf 打高尔夫球 golfer n. 打高尔夫球者 good ( better, best) adj. 好的;能干的;‎ 短语:1. be good at 擅长,善于。例如:He is good at drawing.他擅长绘画。‎ ‎2. be good for 对……有好处。例如:Practice is good for our health.锻炼有益于健康。‎ ‎3. be good to 对……态度好。例如:The old man is always not so good to foreign visitors.这老人对外国游客的态度一直不好。‎ goodbye (bye-bye) interj.再见 goods n. 货物;商品 cheap goods 便宜货物; cotton goods 棉织商品 goose (pl geese) n.鹅;鹅肉 government n.统治;支配;政府 grade n.等级;分数;年级 gradually adv. 逐渐地;渐渐地 例如:Things gradually improved.情况已逐渐改善。‎ graduate n. 大学毕业生 a law graduate法律系毕业生 a graduate of Oxford 牛津大学毕业生 v. 毕业 graduate in sth. (at / from sth.)She graduated from Cambridge with a degree in law. 她毕业于剑桥大学,获法学学士学位。‎ grammar n.语法;文法 grandchildn. n. 孙子;孙女 granddaughter n.孙女;外孙女 grandfather/grandpa n.祖父 grandmother/grandma n.(外)祖母 grandparents n.祖父母 grandparent n. 祖父;祖母 grandson n. 孙子;外孙 granny n. .奶奶;外婆 grammar n. 语法 grape n. 葡萄 a bunch of grapes 一串葡萄 grape juice葡萄汁 grass n. 草;牧草 gray (grey) n.& adj. 灰色(的);灰白(的)‎ great adj. 大的;巨大的 Great Lake五大湖(加拿大及美国之间的五个湖的总称)‎ Greece 希腊 green n. & adj绿色(的);青葱的 green pepper 青椒 greet v. 欢迎;接受;致意;问候 He greeted me in a friendly way. 他很友好的跟我打招呼。‎ ground n.地;地面 group n.集体;团体 a group of girls 一群女孩子 a newspaper group 报业集团 grow (grew, grown) v. 增加;成长; 短语:grow up 成年,长成。例如:I want to be a doctor when I grow up.‎ guard n.警惕;看守 guess v. 猜测;估计 例如:Can you guess her age/ guess how old she is? 你能猜出她的年龄吗?‎ guest n. 客人;宾客 例如:He invited her to be his guest for the evening at the theatre.他邀请她晚上去看戏。‎ guide n. 向导;导游 a tour guide 导游 例如:I know the place well, so let me be your guide.我熟悉那地方,我来当你们的向导。‎ v. 引导;指导 例如:I guided him to his seat. 我把他领到他的座位上去。‎ guidebook n. (旅行、游览等)指南 guilty adj. 内疚的;有罪的;犯罪的 例如:I feel guilty about visiting her so rarely. 我因极少看望她而感到内疚。‎ guitar n.吉他 例如:He likes playing the guitar. 他喜欢弹吉他。‎ gum n. 口香糖 chew gum 嚼口香糖 gun n.枪;炮 例如:Look out, he has got a gun!小心,他拿着枪呢!‎ guy n. 家伙;小伙子例如:He’s a great guy. 他是个了不起的小伙子。‎ gym = gymnasium n.体育馆;健身房 exercise in the gym 在健身房锻炼 gymnast n. 体操运动员 gymnastic adj. 体育的;体操的 gymnastics n. 体操 H habit n.习性;习惯 短语:be in/ fall into/ get into/ the habit of doing sth. 有(养成)做某事的习惯 例如:He is not in the habit of drinking a lot. 他不习惯于多喝酒。‎ I’ve got into the habit of turning on the TV as soon as I get home.我已养成了一到家就打开电视的习惯。‎ habitat n. (动植物的)自然环境;栖息地例如:The creature’s habitat is the jungle. 这种动物的栖息地是丛林。‎ hair n.毛发;茸毛 hair band 发带 hair clip发卡 haircut n. 理发;发型 例如:That’s a nice haircut. 那个发式很漂亮。‎ You should have a haircut. 你该理发了。‎ half adj. & n. (pl. halves)一半;半场 例如:I divided the apples into halves. 我把苹果分成两瓣 ‎ half past one, two etc.一点半、两点半……;‎ 主要考点为half 的复数halves以及相关表达形式one and a half . 注意数字和不定冠词的位置。‎ 例如:I t ’ s ___ ride from my home to the factory. ( 湖北黄冈市)‎ A. two hours and half’s B. two and half hours’ C. two and a half hours’ D. two hour and a half’s 题解:题意为“从我家到工厂 有两个半小时的路程”。“两个半小时 ”有两种表达方式 “two hours and a half ”多用于口语,“two and a half hours”多用于书面语。‎ hall n.门厅;大楼;大厅;厅堂 in the hall 在大厅 Halloween n. 万圣节前夕(‎10月31日)‎ ham n.火腿;后腿 a slice of ham 一片火腿 a ham sandwich 火腿三明治 hamburger n.汉堡包 hamster n. 仓鼠 hand n.手;前腿v. 交给。‎ 短语:1. hand in 交上来。例如:The teacher asked the students to hand in their papers.老师叫学生将试卷交上来。‎ ‎2. hand out 分发;发放 例如:They are having out emergency things. 他们正在分发紧急物品。‎ handbag n.手包 handsome adj.英俊的;漂亮的 handwriting n. 手写;书法 hang (hung, hung) v.使悬挂;使吊起 上吊;绞死;处以绞刑(hanged, hanged)短语:hang out (俚语)闲逛;闲荡 happen v. 发生;出现 短语:1. sb. happen to sth. 某人发生某事 例如:If anything happens to him, let me know. 如果他有什么不测,就通知我。‎ ‎2. sth. happen to sb. 碰巧;恰巧;恰好 例如:She happened to be out when he called. 他打电话是,她恰好不在家。‎ 词义辨析:happen/ take place happen 指偶然发生的或未经筹划的。 例如:The accident happened at about 9:30. 事故发生在9点30分左右。‎ take place 表示必然性的“发生”或者是计划安排好“举行”。 例如:Great changes have taken place in my home town recently. 最近我的家乡发生了巨大的变化。‎ happy adj. 愉快的;满足的;快乐的;幸福的 hard adj. & adv. 坚硬的;结实的;困难的;艰难的;努力地;费劲地 hard-working adj. 勤勉的;努力工作的,尽心尽力的 hardly adv. 几乎不。‎ 词义辨析:hard /hardly 这两个词都是副词,但意思和用法截然不同。hard 是“努力、猛烈、困难”的意思,而hardly 是“几乎不、简直不”的意思,是否定词。例如:We should work hard to pass the eaxm.我们应该努力学习,通过考试。‎ They could hardly believe the news, could they?他们几乎不敢相信这个消息,不是吗?‎ hat n.帽子;职务 hate v. & n.仇恨;憎恨 have ( has, had, had) v有;拥有.‎ 短语:1.had better (do) 最好(做) You had better get up early. 你最好早点起床。You’d better not smoke here.‎ ‎2.have a cold 患感冒 ‎3. have a good time 玩得很痛快。例如:We had a good time in the park yesterday.‎ 我们昨天在公园里玩得很愉快。4.have classes 上课 ‎5. have on 穿着。例如:He has a black coat on today.今天他穿着一件黑色的上衣。‎ ‎6.have a try 尝试,努力:例如:Have a try again and then you can get it .再试一次你就能得到它。‎ ‎7. have no idea 不知道。I have no idea about the accident happened at the street corner.我对发生在街道拐角处的事故一无所知。‎ ‎8. have to 不得不,必须。have got to 不得不;必须 近义词辨析:have / there be 都是“有”的意思,区别是:there be 指“某处存有”,例如:There is a map on the wall.墙上有 幅地图。而have指“所有,拥有”例如:I have a brother and a sister.我有一个弟弟一个妹妹。‎ v. 从事;进行;吃;喝 例如:have a swim, walk, ride, etc. 游泳,散步,骑马 have a wash, rest, talk 洗一洗,歇一歇,谈一谈 Let me have a try. 让我试一下。‎ She usually has a bath in the morning. 她早上通常要洗个澡。‎ have 被称为“万能动词”,其考点很多。‎ Tracy can’t play the match now .Please ___ instead. (杭州市)‎ A.have Lily do it B. have Lily to do it C. make Lily to do it D. let Lily to do it ‎ 题解:考查“have + sb. +动词原形”的用法,表示“让某人做某事”。‎ He ’ s never been to the United States,___?‎ A. isn’t he B. doesn’t C. hasn’t D. has he ‎ 题解:首先弄清 ‘ s在句中是哪个单词的缩写,分析语法知道应该是现在完成时态,故确定是has的缩写。再因句中已有never表示否定,根据反意疑问句前否后肯,所以选D。‎ Hawaii n. (美国州名)夏威夷 he pron.他;它 head n.头部;才能 例如:My head aches.我头痛。Use your head.动动脑筋。‎ headache n.头痛 have a headache 头痛 headmaster n. (中小学的)校长 headphone n. 耳机 a pair of headphones 一副耳机 head teacher n. 班主任 health n.健康;健康状况 be in good health= be healthy 身体健康 He is healthy. / He is in good health. 他很健康。‎ Exercise is good for the health. 锻炼身体有益于身体健康。‎ healthy (-ier,-iest) adj. 健康的 a healthy child 健康的孩子 hear (heard, heard) v.听见;听取;‎ 短语 : 1. hear about/ of 听说: 例如:I’ve ever heard of someone doing that.我曾经听说过有人做那种事。‎ ‎2. hear from 接到……来信。例如:I often hear my old friends. 我经常收到老朋友的来信。‎ 近义词辨析:listen to / hear / sound listen 强调动作,意思 是“听”,不侧重于结果。例如:They are listening to the radio.他们正在听收音机。‎ hear 强调结果,意思是“听见”,例如:I listened carefully but heard nothing.我仔细听,却没听到什么。中考例:‎ ‎—Mike! What are you doing there ? (山西省)‎ ‎—Listen, Mum. I hear somebody _____ upstairs.‎ A. going B. goes C. go D. to go ‎ 题解:考查“hear sb. / sth. Doing sth. ”强调正在进行,“听见某人正在做……”‎ sound 是连系动词,意思是“听起来,听上去”,后面接名词、形容词。例如:The news sounds great.这消息听起来很棒。‎ heart n. 心;心脏 heat n.高温;热情 v. (使某物)变热或变暖 heaven天堂;极乐世界 heavy adj.(-ier, -iest) 重的;密度大的 例如:How heavy is it? 这个有多重?‎ There will be a heavy rain. 将会有场大雨。‎ adv. heavily height n.高度;身高 例如:What’s the height of the mountain? 这山有多高? He ‘s two meters in height. 他身高两米。‎ hello (hi) interj.哈罗;喂 help v.帮助;扶持例如: help oneself to 请随便吃点 Help yourself to some fish.请随便吃些鱼吧。 help sb. with sth./do sth. 帮助某人做某事 My sister helps me with my English/ study English/ to study English. 我姐姐帮我学英语。‎ 主要考点为: help sb . (t o ) do s t h . /help oneself to…/with the helpof … /can ’t help doing… ( 禁不住做……)例:‎ ‎—____yourself to some tea after the hard work.(山东省)‎ ‎—Thanks a lot .‎ A. Enjoy B. Drink C. Cook D. Help ‎ 题解:很明显考查 的是help yourself to的用法。选D。‎ helpful adj.有用的;有益的 a helpful person 有用的人 her pron.她 here adv.在这里;到这里 here and there 在各地;各处 hero n.(pl. –es)英雄;勇士 herself pron. 她自已 hide (hid, hidden) v.把…藏起来 例如:The sun was hidden by the clouds. 太阳被云遮住了。‎ high adj.高的;特定高度的 hill n.小山;土堆 例如:The house is on the side of a hill. 那所房子坐落在山坡上。‎ him pron. 他 himself pron.他自已 his pron.他的 historical adj. 历史上的; 历史题材的 historical research 历史研究 history n. 历史学;历史 hit (hit, hit ) v.击;投掷; She hit me on his head with a book. 她用书打我的头。‎ I was hit by a falling stone. 我被落下的石头击中了。‎ n. 成功而轰动一时的事物(如歌曲等)hit song, records 流行歌曲,歌曲唱片 Her new film is quite a hit. 她的新影片十分成功。‎ hoax n. 骗局;恶作剧;戏弄;玩笑 hobby n.业余爱好;癖好 hold (held, held) v.握住;抓紧; 拿着;容纳; 短语 : hold on 等一下;停住;坚持 例如: Hold on a minute while I get my breath back. 停一停,让我喘口气。‎ They tried to hold on until help arrived. 他们设法坚持住直到有救援到来。‎ Hold on to your dream.坚持你的梦想。‎ hole n.洞;穴 holiday n.假日;节日 短语 :on holiday 在休假 例如:He is on holiday this week. 他本周休息。‎ home n. & adv. 家;固定住处;例如:He left home at sixteen. 他十六岁是离开了家。 ‎ Is there anybody at home? 有人在家吗?Make yourself at home! 不要拘束!‎ 主要考点为home 与 family ,house 的 区别,和at home, make oneself at home (随便;不拘束) 其相关词homeless无家可归的。‎ Tom regards Tianjin as his second ___ because he has been here for over ten years .(天津市)‎ A. family B. house C. room D. home ‎ 题解:“Tom 把天津当作他的第二故乡,因为他已经在这儿十多年了。”根据题意应该选“故乡”。A指“家庭及家庭成员”;B指“家庭住宅”;C指“房间”。故选D。‎ homeless adj. 无家的;无家可归的 例如: He gave all his money to the homeless. 他把所有的钱都给了无家可归的人。‎ homeland n. 祖国; 故乡 home-made adj. 自制的; 家里做的 例如:Home-made jam is usually better than the kinds you buy in the shops.自制的果酱通常要比从商店里买的好吃。‎ homesick adj.想家的;思念家乡的; 例如:He was homesick for France. 他思念祖国法国。‎ hometown n. 家乡;故乡 homework n.家庭作业;准备工作 例如: My little brother is doing his homework.我弟弟在做作业。‎ homophone n. 同音异形异意词 honest adj.正当的;诚实的 an honest businessman 可靠的商人 短语: to be honest 说实话 To be honest, I don’t think we have a chance of winning.说实话,我们没有获胜的可能。‎ 反义词:dishonest honey n. 蜂蜜 honour ( US honor) n. & v.崇敬;名誉 It is a great honour to be invited. 承蒙邀请,十分荣幸。‎ hoop n. (木头,金属等做的)箍,圈,环 hope n. & v. 希望;期望;‎ 近义词辨析:hope和 wish hope (that) 指与过去,现在或未来有关的希望 例如:I hope you are ready. 我希望你已经准备好了。We hope you are happy. 我们希望你幸福。‎ wish (that) 表达的是过去,现在或将来发生了令人遗憾的事。 例如:‎ I wish I could speak Chinese. 我要是会说汉语该多好啊。‎ hope to do和 wish (sb.) to do 此时两者意思较为接近。‎ She hopes to have a job overseas. 她希望找个海外的工作。意为她有此强烈的愿望并极有可能实现)‎ She wished to have a job overseas. 她盼望找个海外工作。(是表达她有此愿望的郑重说法)‎ horse n. 马;马科动物 hospital n. 医院 短语:go to hospital 去医院 I’m going to hospital to visit my friend.我要去医院看望我的朋友。‎ in the hospital 在医院 He works in the hospital. 他在医院工作。‎ in hospital 有病住院 I’ve never been in hospital.我从未住过医院。‎ host n. 主人;主持人;主办人员 例如:Mr. and Mrs. Hill are such good host. 希尔先生和夫人招待客人真周到。‎ The host on tonight’s show is Liyong. 今晚表演节目的主持人是李咏。‎ v. 主办;主持 例如:Which country is hosting the Games this year? 今年的运动会由哪国主办?‎ Beijing will host the 2008 Olympics. 北京将主办2008年奥运会。‎ hot adj.(-tter, -ttest)热的;烫的 hotdog n.热狗面包 hotel n.旅馆;旅店 staying at/ in a hotel 住旅馆 hour n. 小时;时间 an hour 一小时 例如:The film starts at 7:30 and lasts two hours. 影片7:30分开演,演两个小时。‎ house n.住房;住宅 例如:I’m going to my aunt’s house. 星期日我要去我姨家。‎ housework n.家务活 how adv.怎样;如何;考点很多,注意How long/far/often/soon…的区别。‎ ‎ —___is it form here to the nearest post office?‎ ‎—I t ‘ s 20 minutes on foot.‎ A. How long B. How soon C. How of t e n D. How far ‎ 题解:A为时间多久,长度有多长;B指多久以后;C指多长时间一次,表示频率;只有D 表示路途有多远。根据题意应选D。‎ however adv. & conj.无论如何; 然而 例如:You won’t move that stone, however strong you are. 不管你力气有多大,也休想搬动那块石头 She fell ill. She went to work, however, and tried to concentrate. 她病了,然而她照旧去上班,并且尽力集中精神工作。‎ huge adj.极大的;巨大的 a huge elephant巨大的 例如:Canada is a huge country. 加拿大是个幅员广大的国家。‎ human n. = human being 人;人类 humid adj. 潮湿的; 湿润的 hundred num.一百;百计 短语 : hundreds of 成百的;许多 主要考点为表示确数时“数字+ hundred”;表示不确切的数量 时用“ hundreds +of ”‎ There are ___children in our school. (四川眉山市)‎ A. hundred B. hundred of C. three hundred D. three hundreds (选C )‎ hunger n. 饿;饥饿 例如:He died of hunger. 他饿死了。‎ hungry adj.饥锇的;挨锇的 例如:Let’s eat soon --- I’m hungry. 咱们早点吃吧---我饿了。‎ hurry n. & v. 匆忙;赶快 短语 : 1. in a hurry 迅速地;匆忙地 例如:She dressed in a hurry. 她迅速穿好衣服。He was in a hurry to leave.他急于离开。‎ ‎2. hurry up 快些做 例如: I wish the train would hurry up and come. 我希望列车快点开来。‎ hurt (hurt, hurt) v. & n. 使…疼痛;使…受伤; 痛苦;疼痛 例如:Are you badly hurt? 你伤得厉害吗?‎ He hurt his back when he fell. 他跌倒是背部受了伤。‎ It hurts when I move my leg. 我的腿一动就疼。‎ husband n. 丈夫 I I pron. 我 ice n. 冰;冰层 例如:Is the ice thick enough for skating. 这冰的厚度能禁得住在上边滑冰吗?‎ ice cream n.冰淇淋 ice skating n. 滑冰 ice tea n. 冰茶 ID card n. (ID= identification) 身份证 idea n.计划;主意 have no idea=not know 不知道 例如:That’s a good idea. 那是个好主意。‎ He is full of ideas. 他足智多谋。 He has no idea how to manage people. 他不知道做人事工作。‎ ideal adj. 理想的;完美的 ideal weather for a holiday 度假的理想天气 if conj 假如;倘若 ‎1.引导条件状语从句“主将从现”‎ If it doesn’t rain, we’ll have a picnic.如果明天不下雨,我们就去野餐。‎ I’ll come at 6 if (it is ) necessary. 如果必要,我6点种来。‎ ‎2. 与过去时连用表示假想的情况 If you learned to type, you would easily find a job.‎ 如果你学过打字,就容易找工作了。‎ I would come early if I were you. 如果我是你,我就会早点去。‎ ‎3. 用于ask, know, find out, wonder等之后,引导宾语从句,“是否”‎ Do you know if he’s married? 他结婚没结婚,你知道吗?‎ 中考例:I wonder if I should wear a hat. 我不知道该不该戴帽子。‎ ‎—When will the sports meeting be held?( 湖北黄冈市)‎ ‎—It depends on _____it rains the day after tomorrow. ‎ A .when B. if C. why D. that ‎ 题解:分析句意“运动会什么时候 举行?那要取决于后天是否下雨。”应选B。其余 三项 不合题意。‎ ill adj. 不健康的;不适的 He’s been ill for two weeks. 他病了两周了。‎ illness n.疾病;生病 imagine v.想像;幻想 例如: Imagine a house with a big garden. 设想有一所大花园的房子。‎ Imagine that you are in London. 想象一下你正在伦敦。‎ immediately adv.立即;马上 例如:She answered almost immediately. 她几乎当下就答复了。‎ impolite adj. 粗鲁的;不礼貌的 important adj.重要的;自大的 例如:It’s important for me that you should be here. 你应该在场,这对我来说很重要。‎ importance n. 重要性;重大;重要 impossible adj.不可能的 例如:It’s impossible for me to be there before 8:00pm.要我晚上8点前赶到那是根本办不到。‎ impress v. 使感动;给……深刻印象 impress sth. on/ upon sb. 使某人铭记某事 例如:The sights of the city impress foreign tourists.外国游客对该市留有深刻的印象。‎ His words impressed on my memory. 他的话铭记在我的记忆里。‎ improve v.改进;使变得更好;改善;提高 in prep.在…里;‎ 短语 : 1. in a minute / moment 一会儿,立刻 2. in a word 一句话;简言之 ‎3. in English 用英语 4.in danger 处在危险状态 5. in fact 实际上;事实上 6. in front of 在……的前面 ‎7. be in 在家 8. in no time 很快 9.in order 按顺序 10. in order to 为了…… 11. in some ways 在某些方面 12. in surprise 吃惊,惊讶 ‎13 in style 时髦的;流行的 14. in the air 在空中15. in the end 最后 ‎16. in the open (air) 在野外,在户外 17. in the slightest 一点也;根本18. in this way 用这种方法 19. in time 及时,来得及 in 在考试中出现的很多。注意 掌握 有关的词组和用法。‎ 中考例:—Who’s that man ___black?( 广东省肇庆市)‎ ‎—Oh, he is Mr. Brown.‎ A. in B. on C. with 题解:本题考查“in+颜色”表示穿什么颜色的衣服。故 选A。‎ The engineer will re turn from Macao ___ a few days. ( 昆明市)‎ A. since B. in C. on D. after ‎ 题解:after 表示“在……之后”时不用在将来时态中。本题 考查“in +一段时间”表示“在一段时间后”用在将来时态中。‎ inch n.英寸;水英寸 include v包括;包含 例如:The tour included a visit to the Science Museum.旅游项目中包括参观科学博物馆。‎ including prep. 包括;包含 例如:The band played many songs, including some of my favorite. 乐队演奏了许多歌曲,包括几首我最喜爱的。‎ increase v.& n.(使)增加;(使)增长 The population has increase from 1.2 million 10 years ago to 1.8 million now.人口从10年前的120万已增加到现在的180万。‎ indeed adv.事实上; 的确 India n.印度 Indian n. & adj. 印度人;印度的 indoors adv. 在室内;往室内 industry n.部门;工业; 词组:heavy industry 重工业 。 light industry 轻工业。‎ inexpensive adj. 不贵的;价廉的 influence n.影响;支配力; :Dewey had a lot of influence in shaping economic policy.杜威在制定经济政策上有很大影响力。‎ information n. (U)通告之事;知识;信息;消息 ingredient n. (烹调用的)材料;原料;成分例如:Mix all the ingredient in a bowl. 将调料放在盆里调匀。‎ injured adj. 受伤的;受损害的 an injured leg 受伤的腿 ink n. 墨水;油墨 insect n. 昆虫 inside prep.里面;在…里面 insist v.坚持; 例如:Her parents insisted on speaking to the headmistress.她父母坚持要和女校长谈话。‎ 短语:insist on something 坚持做某事。‎ 例如:She will insist on washing her hair just when I want to have a bath.正当我要洗澡的时候,她偏要去洗头。‎ inspiration n. 灵感;鼓舞人心的人或事物 例如:Genius is 10% inspiration and 90% perspiration.天才是10%的灵感加上90%的勤奋。‎ 短语:inspiration to sb. 鼓舞或激励人的人或事She is an inspiration to all of us. 她就是鼓励我们大家的人。‎ instead adv.代替; 短语:instead of 代替;而不是 例如:Let’s play cards instead of watching TV. 咱们完纸牌吧,别看电视了。‎ instruction n.命令;使用说明 instrument n. 器具;工具;乐器 intelligent adj. 聪明的;有头脑的 intend v.打算;计划; 短语: 1. intend to do sth. 打算做某事。‎ 例如:I intend to get there as soon after 5 as I can.我打算在5点后尽快赶到那里。‎ interest n. & v. 关注;兴趣 interest 兴趣;爱好;使感兴趣 与其相关的是 interesting 和interested 。主要考点为三者的区别。‎ 中考例:This book is very ___and I am ___in it. (甘肃省)‎ A. interest; interest B. interesting; interested C. interested; interesting D. interested; interested 题解:interesting 表示事物本身是有趣的;interested 表示某人对……感兴趣。本题就是对这两个词的考查 ,所以根据题意选B。‎ interested adj.有趣的 短语: be interested in 感兴趣 例如:I’m interested in history. 我对历史感兴趣。‎ interesting adj. 有趣的;引起注意的 international n. 国际的;世界性的;‎ 词组 : an international peace-keeping force. 国际维和部队。an international conference 国际会议。‎ Internet n. 网络;因特网 interview n. & v. 面试;采访;‎ interviewer n. 采访者 into prep 到…上;进入…里面 introduce v. 介绍,引进; 例如:Allow me to introduce my wife. 让我介绍一下,这是我太太。‎ I was introduced to the manager at the party. 在晚会上有人把我介绍给了经理。‎ introduction n. 介绍;引言 invent v. 发明;首创 例如:Laszlo Biro invented the ball-point pen.拉斯洛·拜罗发明了圆珠笔。‎ invention n. 发明;发明物 inventor n. 发明家 invite v. 邀请;要求 invite sb. for sth. / to do sth. 邀请 invite sb. for/ to dinner/ to have dinner 邀请某人吃饭 invitation n. 邀请 a letter of invitation 邀请信 iron n.& v. 铁;刚强; 例如; Sjpinach is full of iron. 菠菜含有铁元素。have an iron will 有坚强的意志。‎ island n.岛屿 it prop. 它;主要考点为it作代词时,在句中作形式主语和形式宾语时的用法。‎ ‎___is really hard ___them to climb Mount‎ ‎Qmolangma .( 湖北黄冈市)‎ ‎ A. This; to B. It; for C. This; or D. It; to ‎ 题解:本句的真正的主语是“to climb Mount Qomolangma”,而能作形式主语的代词只有it ,所以选B或D。又“对他们来说”应该用“for ”故选B。‎ its pron. 它的;它自已的 itself pron. 它自已;它本身 J jacket n. 短上衣;茄克(衫)‎ January n.一月;元月 Japan n.日本;日本 Japanese n.日本人;日本的 jeans n.牛仔裤;斜纹布裤 短语:1.a pair of jeans 一条牛仔裤 job n.工作;任务 join v. 结合;加入;‎ 短语:1.join A to B 连结。 e.g. Join one section of pipe to the next. 把一段管道与相邻的管道连接起来。‎ ‎2.join sb. 在一起,会面或相见。e.g.Ask him to join us for lunch. 请他和我们一起吃午饭。‎ ‎3.join sth. 参加(某组织)e.g. He joined the Party last year. 他去年入的党。‎ 近义词辨析:attend, join, take part in attend 是指出席或参加会议、聚会、讲座等;‎ join是加入到某一组织、团体或人群中去,并成为其中的一员; take part in 是参加到某项活动中。‎ e.g. Did you attend the meeting last Friday? 你参加上周五的会议了吗?‎ When did you join the club? 你什么时间加入的俱乐部?All the students take part in the party. 所有的学生都参加了聚会。‎ joke n. 笑话;笑料;v. 开玩笑.‎ e.g. Don’t be angry. It’s just a joke. 别生气,这只不过是个玩笑。‎ I didn’t mean any harm. I was just joking. 我并没恶意,我不过开个玩笑。‎ 短语:play a joke on 开某人玩笑 e.g.It’s impolite to play a joke on others. 开别人玩笑是不礼貌的。‎ joy n. 欢欣;高兴 juice n.菜汁;果汁 July n.七月 jump v.跳跃;跳动 June n.六月 just adj. & adv正义的;公平的.‎ 短语:just now 现在,刚才 K kangaroo n. 袋鼠 keep (kept, kept) v. 保存;留有;‎ 短语:1. keep on doing something一直做某事。‎ e.g.I shouted to him but he just keep on writing. 我向他喊话,可是他一直继续写字。‎ ‎2. keep out 不许进入,抵挡在外。‎ e.g.Those trees can keep out the strong wind. 那些树木可以抵御狂风。‎ ‎3.keep away from 不靠近 4.keep a secret 保守秘密 5.keep a diary 记日记 ‎6.keep+adj. 保持某种状态 e.g. Schools keep closed for about two months in summer. 暑期学校停课约两个月。‎ ‎7. keep+n. 保存,保管. e.g. Could you keep these books for me, please? 你能替我保管这些书吗?‎ ‎8. keep off 勿踏; 勿踩 近义词辨析:1.keep doing sth. / keep on doing sth.keep doing sth. 是“继续不停地做某事”‎ e.g. They keep working on the problem till 2 o’clock this morning. 他们就这个问题一直工作到今天凌晨两点钟。‎ 中考例:—How long may I ___these books ?(湖北荆州市)‎ ‎—Half a month.‎ A. borrow B. lend C. keep D. get ‎ 题解:本题考查keep作“保存”时的用法,可以和一段时间连用。而其他三项都是短暂性动词,不和一段时间连用。‎ keep on doing sth. 意思是“继续反复做某事”,on 用来强调动作的反复、持久,有时可以和keep doing sth.互换。‎ e.g. In the following years, Marx kept on studying English and using it. 此后的几年里,马克思继续学习和应用英语。‎ ‎2.borrow / keep borrow属暂短性动词,其动作不能延续,不能和表示时间段的状语连用;而keep可以跟时间段连用。‎ e.g.You can keep the book for three days. 这本书你可以借三天。‎ He borrowed the book three days ago. 他是三天前借的这本书。‎ key n. 钥匙 keyboard n.键盘 kick v. & n.踢;反对 kid n. 小山羊;小孩;. I just want to speak to my kid brother. It’s none of your business.我只是想和我的弟弟通话,关你什么事。‎ kill v. & n.杀死;扼杀 kilogram /kilo n.千克 kilometre n.千米;公里 kind n. & adj. 族;种;‎ king n.君主;国王 kiss n. & v. 吻;轻触 kitchen n.厨房;炊具 kite n.风筝;鸢 knee n. 膝;膝部 knife (pl. knives) n.刀;刀具 knock v. & n.敲;打 短语:1. knock into 碰撞 2. knock down 撞倒 ‎3. knock at (on) the door 敲门 4. a knock at (on) the door 敲门声 know(knew, known) v学会,懂得.知道,了解;‎ 短语:1. be known for 因……而出名。e.g. He is known for his works. 他是因其作品而出名的。‎ ‎2. be known as 作为……而出名。e.g. Lu Xun was known as a writer.鲁迅作为作家很出名的。‎ ‎3. know about 了解或知道某事物4. let sb. know 让某人知道某事物 5.make oneself known to 对……作自我介绍 近义词辨析:know / know of know 的意思是“知道、认识、熟悉”e.g. I know his father very well. 我跟他的父亲非常熟悉。‎ know of 的意思是“知道情况、听说过”e.g. I know of him, but I don’t know him.我听说过他,但是我不认识他。‎ knowledge n.熟悉;知识 L lab = laboratory n. 实验室 labour n.体力劳动;脑力劳动 lady n. 贵妇人;举止 lake n.湖(泊)‎ lamb n.羔羊;羔羊肉 lamp n. 灯具;灯台 land [U] 陆地、大地 短语:1. be on, reach, come to land 在陆地上、抵达陆地、到陆地 e.g.The journey to the far side of the island is quicker by land than by sea. 走陆路至海岛的另一端比从海路走快捷。‎ ‎[U] (做某种用途) 土地 ‎2.building land 建筑用地 ‎[U] 田地 ‎[C] 国家 ‎3.my native land 我的祖国 v. 着陆 e.g.The airliner landed safely. 客机安全降落了。‎ language n. 语言;方言 lap n. 大腿 large adj.大的;巨大的 last adj.最后的;最近的 e.g. December is the last month of the year. 十二月是一年的最后一月。‎ v. 持续 e.g. How long do you think this fine weather will last? 你认为这样的好天气会持续多久?‎ 近义词辨析:the last / the latest the last 可指一系列事物中最后一个。 e.g. The last bus leaves at 11:15 p.m. 末班公车晚上11点15分开出。‎ the latest 意为“最近的”e.g. She always dressed in the latest fashion. 她总是穿最新款时装。‎ late adj. 迟的;晚的; e.g.My flight was an hour late. 我那趟航班晚了一个小时。‎ ‎(日夜、时间等)近末尾的 短语:1.in the late afternoon 在傍晚 ‎2.in late summer 在夏末 (多用于最高级)最新的、最近的 短语:1.her latest novel 她最近出版的小说 adv. 晚、迟 e.g.She married late. 她结婚晚。‎ 短语:1. late into the night 到深夜。e.g.They danced late into the night. 他们一直跳舞到深夜。‎ ‎2. be late for ……迟到。‎ later adv.迟地;晚地;‎ 短语:1. later on 后来,以后。2.sooner or later 迟早 lately adv. 近来、不久前 e.g. Have you seen her lately? 你最近见过她吗?‎ laugh n. & v. 笑;发笑 短语:laugh at sb./ sth. 因…而发笑、嘲笑。‎ law n.法律;法令 lay (laid, laid) v.把…放在表面上;(鸟、虫等)产卵 e.g. He laid his hand on my shoulder. 他把手放在我的肩上。‎ The cuckoo lays its eggs in other birds’ nets. 杜鹃在别的鸟巢中产卵。‎ lazy adj.偷懒的;懒散的 lead (led, led) v.带领…走 短语:1. lead sb. to sth. 引导某人、影响某人的言行 e.g.What led you to this conclusion? 你是怎样得出这结论的?‎ ‎2. lead to sth. 导致某种结果 e.g.This misprint led to great confusion. 这个印刷错误造成了很大的混淆。‎ ‎3. lead sb. to do 导致某人做某事 e.g.What led you to think so? 什么使你这样想?‎ ‎4. lead to sp. 通向,引领 e.g.The road leads to the biggest room. 这条路通向最大的房间。‎ ‎5. lead a … life 过着…的生活 leader n.领导;首领 leading adj. 最重要的,主要的 leaf (pl. leaves) n. 叶子 learn (learnt, learnt) v.学习;记住; 短语:1. learn from… 向…学习 2.learn by oneself 自学 近义词辨:learn / study learn 和 study 都有“学习”的意思,有时可以互换使用。‎ e.g. I began to study/learn English 20 years ago. 我是20年前开始学英语的。‎ learn 多指初学或者是带有模仿性的操作技艺的学习,侧重于学习的结果,多指“学会”。‎ e.g.He is learning English from the teacher. 他正跟老师学英语。study 侧重于学习的过程,有时指较为高深的或周密的研究或研究性学习。e.g.He is studying the maths problem.他正在研究数学问题。‎ learner n. 学习者 legend n. 传说 lemon n. 柠檬 least n.最小的;很小的; 短语:1.at least 至少,起码。‎ e.g. You might at least tell me first before you do the work.干那项工作之前,你至少也该先告诉我一声。‎ leave (left, left) v. 离开;出发;未拿,未带 e.g.It’s time for us to leave. 我们该走了。‎ I’ve left my gloves on the bus. 我把手套落在公车上了。‎ 短语:1. leave A for B 离开A地去B地leave 为瞬间动词,若跟时间段需用 be away。‎ e.g. He left three days ago. 他是三天前走的。He has been away for three days. 他走三天了。‎ ‎2. leave behind 不带走、遗留e.g.Don’t leave me behind. 带我一起走。‎ ‎3.leave off 中断、停止e.g.We leave off (work) at 5. 我们5点收工。‎ ‎4. leave sb. alone 把某人单独留下e.g.The little boy is often left alone at home. 那个男孩常被单独留在家。‎ ‎5.leave for 出发去某地 主要考点为作为“遗忘”时和“forget”的区别运用。‎ 中考例:He is so careless that he always ___his school things at home.(陕西省)‎ A. forgets B. forgot C. leaves D. left 题解:“他是那么粗心以至于总是把学习用品忘在家里”。根据时态应选A/C 。又因为“把某物遗忘在某地方”用leave 而不用forget.故选C。‎ left adj. & n.左边的;激进的 leg n.腿 lemonade n. 柠檬汁.‎ lend (lent, lent) v. 出租;借给 短语:1. lend sth. to sb.= lend sb.sth. e.g.Could you please lend your pen to me?= Could you please lend me your pen?‎ 近义词辨析:lend / borrow / keep lend 是指说话人把东西借给别人用,常用lend sth. to sb. ;borrow 指说话人向别人借东西供自己用,常用borrow sth. from sb.; 而keep 表示借用多久。e.g.How long will you keep the book? 这本书你将借多久?‎ less adj.更小的;较小的 lesson n. 课;课时 let (let, let) v. 允许;让; 短语:1.let sb. down 使… 失望或沮丧 2. let…in 让……进来,放进 近义词辨析:let’s / let us let’s 是 let us 的缩写,包括听话人在内,往往用来邀请、建议对方一起做某事,附加问句往往使用shall we.‎ e.g.Let’s go home right now, shall we? 咱们现在就回家,好吗?‎ Let us 往往用来请求听话人许可自己做某事,不包括听话人在内,附加问句往往使用will you.‎ e.g.Let us go home, will you? 让我们回家吧,好吗?‎ letter n.字母;书信 level n.水平线;水平面;‎ e.g. Students at this level tend to have a lot of problems with grammar.这一水平的学生在语法上会有很多问题。‎ librarian n.图书管理人员 library n.藏书;图书馆 license n.(=licence) 执照,许可证 lie n. & v. (lied,lied) (lying) 说谎 e.g. He’s lying. 他在说谎。 短语:1.lie to sb. about sth.‎ v. (lay,lain) (lying) 躺,平卧 e.g.Don’t lie in bed all morning. 别一上午都躺在床上。‎ 短语: lie down 躺一会,躺下 近义词辨析:lie / lay lie 表示“说谎”e.g. He lied about his age to join the army. 他为了参军谎报了年龄。‎ lay (laid,laid) (laying) 表示“放在某个面上” e.g. She laid her dress on the bed to keep it neat.她把连衣裙放在床上以保持平整。‎ n. 谎言 短语:1.be full of lies 一派胡言 2.tell a lie 说谎 life [U].生命 短语:1.the origins of life on earth 地球上生命的起源 ‎[U] 生物,活物 e.g.Is there life on Mars? 火星上有生物吗?‎ ‎[U] 生活 e.g.He doesn’t want much from life. 他对生活所求不多。‎ ‎[C] 性命 (lives) e.g.Three lives were lost in the accident. 事故中有三人丧生。‎ ‎[C] 一生,终身,终生 e.g.She lived her whole life in the country. 她在农村度过一生。‎ lift v. 举起;提高 n. 电梯 短语:1.take the lift 搭电梯 2.give sb. a lift 搭顺风车 light adj.& n &.v. 轻便的;自然光,光亮; 点燃,照亮 短语:1.light bulb 电灯泡 lighting n. 光线 like v. 喜欢;喜爱;‎ 句型:1. How do you like…?你觉得……怎么样?‎ e.g.How do you like going shopping with us?你觉得和我们一起去买东西怎么样?‎ ‎2. look like 看起来像。 e.g.It looks like snowing. 看起来像是在下雪。‎ line n.线;线条 lion n.狮子;知名人士 list n. 名单;目录 listen v. 听;倾听 短语:1.listen to 听 little adj. 小的;少的;n. 少许,一会儿,adv. 很少 主要考点为little表示否定含义“几乎没有”,a little表示肯定含义“一点,少量的”,两者后接不可数名词。经常和(a)few 同时出现在备选答案中。‎ There is still ___ water in the bottle. It’s enough for both of us. ( 北京市东城区)‎ A. little B. a little C. few D. a few ‎ 题解:根据后面一句“足够我们两个喝。”知道应选肯定的意思,又water是不可数名词. 故选B。‎ litter v. & n.废物;垃圾 live v. 活着;居住 短语:1. live on .靠吃……生存。e.g.Sheep live on grass.羊以草为生。‎ lively adj. 活跃的;生动的 local adj. 当地的,地方的 lock n. & v. 锁;船闸 London n.伦敦 lonely adj.孤独的;寂寞的 long adj.长的;久的 look v. .看望;打量;‎ 短语1. look after 照看,照顾。e.g. My friend looked after my cat while I was on holiday.在我去度假的时候,我的朋友照料我的猫。‎ ‎2. look at 看。e.g. May I have a look at it please? 请让我看一看好吗?‎ ‎3. look for 寻找。e.g. Mother is looking for her gloves. 母亲在找她的手套。‎ ‎4.look up 查(字典),查找。e.While reading, do not look up the new words in the dictionary all the time. 阅读时,不要老是查字典。‎ ‎5.look back on 回顾 e.g.She always looks back on his childhood. 她总是回顾童年。‎ ‎6. look down on sb / sth. 鄙视,看不起 e.g.She looks down on people who’ve never been to university. 她瞧不起没上过大学的人。‎ ‎7.look forward to sth. / doing sth. 期待 e.g.We’re so much looking forward to seeing you again. 我们非常盼望再见到你。‎ ‎8.look into 调查,观察 e.g. A working party has been set up to look into the problem. ‎ 已成立工作组调查该问题。‎ ‎9. look out 留心 e.g.Look out for pickpockets. 小心扒手。‎ ‎10. look over 检查 e.g.We must look over the house before we decide to rent it. 我们必须先察看一下这所房子再决定租不租。‎ ‎11.look round 参观、游览 e.g. Shall we look round the cathedral this afternoon? 我们今天下午参观大教堂好吗?‎ ‎12. look through 快速阅读 e.g. She looked through her notes before the exam. 考前她匆匆看了一眼笔记。‎ ‎13. look like 像… 的样子 e.g. It looks like salt and it is salt. 看着像盐也的确是盐。‎ ‎14. look ahead 向前看,展望未来 lookout n. 守望,远景 lose (lost, lost) v. 丧失;丢失 短语:1. lose one’s life 丧生 e.g.He lost his life in an accident. 他在车祸中丧生。‎ ‎2. lose touch with sb./ sth. 失去联系 e.g.I’ve lost my touch with all my old friends. 我和所有的老朋友都失去了联系。‎ ‎3. lose one’s way 迷路 e.g.We lost our way in the dark. 我们在黑暗中迷路了。‎ ‎4. lose oneself in sth. 专心致志于某事 e.g.I soon lost myself in the film. 电影很快吸引了我。‎ ‎5. lose heart 泄气,丧失信心 e.g. Don’t lose your heart, you’re the best! 别泄气,你是最棒的!‎ lot n. 大量;很多 loud adj. & adv. 大声的;喧闹的 e.g. oud voices,screams,laughs 洪亮的嗓音、喊声、笑声 Speak louder, I can’t hear you. 大点声说,我听不见。‎ 近义词辨析:loud / loudly / aloud loud 指说话声、笑声等;‎ loudly 强调声音高,喧闹,不悦耳;‎ aloud 只是为人听见而发音。 e.g. Someone knocked loudly at the door. 有人大声敲门。‎ He called aloud for help. 他高声喊叫求救。‎ love v. & n.爱;喜爱 lovely adj. 美丽的;可爱的 low adj. & adv. 低的;矮的 luck n.运气;造化 luckily adv. 交好运地;幸运地 lucky adj. 交好运的;幸运的 lunch n. 午餐 lyric n. (常用复数形式)歌词,抒情词句 M machine n. 机器;机械 mad adj. 神经错乱的;疯狂的 短语:1. go mad with sth. 因某事而发狂。‎ e.g. Hearing the good news, he almost went mad with joy.听到那个好消息,他欣喜若狂。‎ ‎2. be mad about 对……入迷。‎ e.g. Most of the young students are mad about pop music. 绝大多数青年学生对流行音乐着迷。‎ ‎3. be mad at 对……恼火。‎ e.g.The manager was mad at his speech.经理对他所说的话很恼火。‎ madam/madame n. 夫人;女士 magazine n. 杂志;期刊 magic adj. & n. 魔法;巫术 mail n.邮件;邮包 main adj. 主要的;首要的 mainly adv. 主要地,首要地 make (made, made) v. 创造;做 近义词辨析: make / produce / do / let ‎1.make, produce, 作“生产、制造”讲时,二者可以互换。‎ e.g. They produce cars in the factory.(They make cars in the factory)这家工厂生产轿车。‎ ‎2. make 与do 二者表示不同的“做”,通常说做一个 动作, 用do来表示,而做一种以前并不存在的东西,则用make e.g. --What are you doing? 你在做什么?--I’m cooking. 我在包饺子。‎ ‎3. make与let “让……”的意思。Let一词含有提出建议的意思,而make一词则带有强制性,命令的意味。‎ e.g.Mum let me stay at home last night.昨晚妈妈让我呆在家里。‎ 短语:1. make (good)use of 好好利用 e.g. We should make good use of the knowledge we have. 我们应该充分利用我们的知识。‎ ‎2. make a contribution to 贡献给,捐赠 ‎3.make a decision 做出决定 ‎4.make a mistake 犯错误 ‎5.make a telephone call (to )(给……)打电话 ‎6. make a face 做鬼脸 ‎7. make friends 交朋友 ‎8. make sure 确保,确认 ‎9. make up 组成,占。‎ e.g.Are all animal bodies made up of cells? 所有动物的身体都是细胞组成的吗?‎ ‎10.make up for 祢补,补偿。 e.g.Hard work can often make up for a lack of intelligence. 勤能补拙。‎ ‎11.make up one’s mind 下决心。e.g.We make up our mind to study hard. 我们决心好好学习。‎ ‎12. be made of 由……组成。(看得出原料) e.g.My table is made of wood. 我的桌子是木头制成的。‎ ‎13. be made from由……组成。(看不出原料) e.g.Wine is made from grapes. 葡萄酒是葡萄酿成的。‎ ‎14. make noise 发出令人不愉快的声音 ‎15.make one’s living 谋生 e.g.He makes his living by giving piano lessons. 他以教授钢琴为生。‎ man (pl. men) n. 人;成年男子 manage v. 组织;管理 manager n.经理;经纪人 manatee n. 海牛 mangrove n. 红树,红树林 manner n. 礼貌,风格,习惯 注意:作“礼貌,风格,习惯”解时,通常用复数:good/ bad manners 有/没有礼貌。‎ e.g. It’s bad manners to laugh at people. 嘲笑别人是不礼貌的。‎ 作“方式、方法”及“态度”解时,常用单数;表示方式或方法时,用介词in。‎ e.g. I don’t like his manner. 我不喜欢她的态度。 He objected in a forceful manner. 他表示坚决反对。‎ many ( more, most) pron. & adj. 许多;大量的;‎ 短语:1. a great/good many 非常多的,很多的。e.g.A great many people took part in the match.许多人参加了比赛。‎ ‎2.many a 许多(与单数名词连用,谓语动词也用单数)。e.g.Many a man was killed in the traffic accident. 许多人死于车祸。‎ map n. 地图;路线图 March n.三月 mark n. & v.痕迹;污点;记号 market n.市场;集市; 短语 :1. the money market 金融市场。 2. the stock market 证券市场 marriage n.结婚;婚姻 marry v.结婚;嫁娶 短语:1.marry sb. 和某人结婚 e.g.John is going to marry Jane. 约翰将要和简结婚。‎ ‎2. be/get married 结婚e.g.They got married last month. 他们上个月结婚了。‎ ‎3. be/get married to 跟某人结婚 e.g.He is going to get married to her. 他要和她结婚。‎ Mars n. 火星 master n. 主人;户主;v. 掌握 match v. & n. 竞赛;比赛 material n. 材料,物质,原料 e.g. We use high-quality raw material for our goods. 我们的产品是用优质原料制造的。‎ I have enough material to make two dresses. 我有够做两件连衣裙的料子。‎ maths n. 数学 matter n.物质;材料;麻烦,毛病 短语: 1. no matter 不论,不管 ‎2. as a matter of fact 事实上,其实。e.g. As a matter of fact, he didn’t care about death and life.事实上,他根本没考虑生死问题。‎ may modal v. 表示;可能 May n.五月 maybe adv. 或许;大概 me pron. 我 meal n. 餐;饭食 mean (meant, meant) v. 意欲;打算 meaning n. 意思;含义 meat n. 肉;实质 medical adj. 医学的;内科的 短语:1.medical research 医学研究 medicine n.医学;药 短语:1.take the medicine 吃药 meet (met, met) v.碰见;相逢 meeting n. 聚会;相会 melon n.瓜;甜瓜 member n. 成员;会员 memorize v. 记忆,背诵 e.g.She can memorize facts quickly. 她能很快记住许多资料。‎ memory n. 记忆力;记性;‎ mend v.修补;修理;‎ 近义词辨析:mend / repair repair 多用于建筑、机器、车辆等。‎ mend 则一般用于衣服、鞋袜等小东西,偶尔也用于道路、门窗等。e.g. My watch doesn’t work. Can you repair it for me?‎ 我的手表不转了,你能帮我修修吗?‎ Please mend the road as quickly as possible.‎ 请尽快把路修好。‎ mention n. & v 提及;说到 message n. 消息;音信 e.g.There is no message from him till now.直到现在还没有他的消息。‎ 短语: 1. leave a message 留个口信。‎ ‎2. send a message 发信息 3. get the message 明白,理解 metal n. & adj.金属;钢轨 method n. 方法;条理 metre n. 米;公尺 microwave n. & adj. 微波(的) 短语:1.microwave oven 微波炉 middle adj. & n. 中间的;中等的;中间、中央 近义词辨析:middle / center middle “中间”,“中部”多指面;可适用于空间与时间。‎ e.g. In the middle of the park there is a spring.在公园的中部有一眼泉水(不一定正中心)。‎ center “中心”多指点;只用于空间概念。‎ e.g. At the center of the park there is a spring 在公园的中心处有一眼泉水。‎ might v. & aux.许可 ;本该 mile n. 英里;‎ milk n.奶;乳汁 million n. 百万 短语:1.millions of 数以百万计的 mind v. & n. 意思;感情;‎ 短语:1. change one’s mind 改变主意。‎ e.g. Why did he change his mind?Do you know?他为什么改变了主意?你知道吗?‎ ‎2. make up one’s mind 下决心。‎ ‎3. mind + doing 用来客气地提出请求.‎ ‎4. mind + sb’s + doing 用来提出询问征求对方意见。‎ ‎5. come to one’s mind 出现于某人的脑海中,想起,记起。‎ e.g. Seeing the photo,the wonderful time they spent together came to his mind.‎ 看到相片,他便想起了他们一起度过的好时光。‎ ‎6. never mind 不要紧,没关系。‎ ‎7.keep one’s mind on sth. 继续专心于某事 ‎8. Out of sight, out of mind.眼不见,心不烦。‎ 句式:Would you mind doing …? 做…你介意吗?‎ 其否定形式为:Would you mind not doing sth?‎ Of course not./ Certainly not. I’m sorry, but…‎ minepron., n. & v. 我的;矿井,矿石;采掘,采矿 minute n.分 mirror n. 镜子; 短语:1. look at oneself in the mirror 照镜子。‎ e.g. She looked at herself in the mirror again and again, she found she was old.她一遍又一遍的照镜子,她发现自己老了。‎ Miss n.女士;小姐 miss v. 未达到,未碰见;思念,想念 mistake (mistook,mistaken) v. & n. 过失;误解;‎ 短语:1. make a mistake 犯错误 ‎2. there is no mistake 毫无疑问e.g. There is no mistake that he has got the key.毫无疑问他已经找到了钥匙。‎ ‎3. by mistake 搞错,弄错e.g.He took my schoolbag by mistake.他拿错了我的书包。‎ ‎4.mistake A for B 把A误认为是B model n. 模型;雏形 modern adj.近代的;现代的 mom (mum) n. 妈妈 moment n. 片刻;瞬间 Monday n. 星期一 money n. 金钱;货币;金额; 短语:1. make money 挣钱。e.g.He is good at making money.他很会挣钱。‎ ‎2. save money 省钱。e.g. Lily began to save money because she wants to buy a new house.莉莉开始省钱了,因为她想买房子。‎ ‎3. pocket money 零用钱。e.g. Our monitor always has much pocket money. 我们班长总是有很多零花钱。‎ monitor n.监察人;班长 monkey n. 猴;淘气鬼 month n. 月 moon n. 月球;月亮 more adj., adv. & n. 更大的;大多数的;‎ 短语: 1. more than 多于…… e.g.More than one person has helped him. 不止一人帮助过他。‎ ‎2. no more (= not… any more) 不再 e.g.Time lost will no more return.时间一去不复返。‎ ‎3.no more than 不过,仅仅。‎ e.g.He had no more than one yuan with him. What could he buy his wife for her birthday? 他身上只有一元钱,他能给他妻子买点什么生日礼物呢?4.not more than 不超过;‎ e.g. He worked hard on and on,but the boss paid him not more than ten yuan a day.他不停地卖力工作,但老板每天至多付他十元钱。‎ ‎5.more and more 越来越……‎ ‎6.more or less 或多或少e.g.What you have done will more or less be helpful to us.你所做的一切或多或少将对我们有帮助。‎ ‎7. the more…the more…越……越……e.g.The more we pay, the more we gain. 付出的越多,得到的越多。‎ morning n. 早晨;上午 most adj. 最大的;大多数的; 短语:1.at (the) most 至多, 不超过。‎ mother n.母亲;妈妈 motorcycle n. 摩托车;‎ mountain n. 山岳;山 mouse n. (pl. mice) 鼠;懦夫 mouth n. 嘴;口 move v. 搬家;移动;使某人感动 e.g. The Blacks moved to Shanghai last month.上个月布莱克一家搬到了上海。‎ The story of their sufferings moved us deeply. 他们的苦难深深地打动了我们。‎ movement n. 移动;活动 movie n.电影;影片 Mr. (mister) n. 先生 Mrs. (mistress) n. 夫人;太太 Ms n. 女士 much adj. 多的;大量的 短语:1. too much 相当多(后面接不可数名词)‎ e.g.There is too much snow in Harbin in winter.在哈尔滨,冬天雪非常多。‎ ‎2.much too 实在,太(后接形容词、副词)。‎ e.g. They are much too busy. Let’s go and help them. 他们实在太忙了,我们去帮助他们吧。‎ ‎3.how much 多少。e.g.How much milk does the little boy have a day? 这个小孩一天喝多少牛奶?‎ murder v. 谋杀;凶杀 museum n博物馆;博物院 music n.音乐;音乐作品 must modal v. 必须;必要 my pron. 我的 myself pron.我自己的 mysterious adj. 神秘的,不可思议的 mystery n. 神秘的事物,迷 N neck n.颈项;脖子: 短语:1.neck and neck (在赛马,竞争或斗争中)双方势均力敌 need v.‎ 短语:1. need do sth 需要做某事 (是情态动词)‎ eg. You don’t look well, I think you need see a doctoe.你看起来不舒服,我认为你应该去看医生。‎ ‎2 need to do sth 需要做某事 (是实意动词)‎ eg. We need to help the poor students go to college我们应该帮助穷苦的学生念大学。‎ ‎3 need doing sth 需要做某事(是实意动词,在这个句型中有被动的含义,且主语通常是物)‎ eg.The flowers need watering .花需要浇水了。‎ n. 需求;需要;要求 neither adj. 两者均不;‎ 短语:1.neither…nor…在neither…nor 结构中谓语动词遵循就近原则。即:谓语的单复数与最邻近的主语保持一致。‎ eg. Neither you nor your brother has given the right answer.‎ ‎/ Neither your brother nor you have given the right answer. 不管你还是你弟弟都错了。‎ ‎2 neither of …. 两者均不 eg.Neither of the twins is Chinese .双胞胎都不是中国人。‎ never adv. 从不;永不;‎ 短语:1.never mind 别介意,没关系 next adj. adv. & n. 邻近的;隔壁的 短语:1.next to 挨着eg. Peter sat next to me .比德挨着我坐。‎ no adv. & adj. 不;没有;‎ 短语:1.no longer 不再.eg.I’m no longer a child.我已不再是一个孩子了。‎ ‎2.no more than 不多于。‎ ‎3. no more 不再 ‎4. no sooner 刚……就……;eg.No sooner said than done. 说了就做。 5.no way 不行,没门。‎ noise n噪音;声音;喧闹声. 短语:1.make noise 制造噪音 none pron. 没有;‎ 近义词辨析:none / no one no one 用于指人,不与of短语连用;none 用与指人或物,可与of短语连用,eg. No one told us about that. 没人告诉我那件事。/None of them have arrived.他们中谁也没到。‎ north adj. & n. 北的 ;北方的;北方;‎ 短语:1.in the north 在……北部(内部):eg. Shenyang is in the north of China .沈阳在中国的北方。‎ ‎2. to the north 在……北方(不相接)eg. Japan is to the north of China.日本在中国的北面。‎ ‎3.on the north 在……北方(相接) e.g.Jilin Province is on the north of Liaoning Province.‎ northern adj. 北部的;北方的 number n. 数;数码;‎ 短语:1. a number of 许多eg.A number of studnets are ill because of that heavy rain. 许多学生都因为大雨而生病了 .‎ ‎2. the number of 的数量eg.The number of the students in my class is 55.我班学生的数量是55人。(注意谓语动词应用单数)‎ ‎3 wrong number (电话用语) 打错了 O ocean n. 海洋;‎ 短语:1.an ocean of (oceans of )大量的eg. An ocean of visitors will visit our China in 2008.大量的游人在2008年会来中国参观。‎ of 起源;原因 短语:1.of course 当然 off prep 短语:1.have…off …休息 eg. Nowadays people have two days off every week .如今人们每周都休息两天。‎ offer v. & v.提供;供销售 短语:1 offer tea 上茶 2 offer sb sth =offer sth to sb提供某人某物 eg.The man will offer us the money .eg.The man will offer money to us .那个男人会提供我们资金。‎ on prep.在上面;在……期间;‎ 短语:1. on time 准时 2.on foot 步行3.later on 之后不久 ‎4.on show 展出 (on display)‎ ‎5.on the other hand 另一方面;eg. On the other hand, it is not important to us at all. 另一方面,对我们来说根本不重要。‎ ‎6.on a hot day 在炎热的一天7.on the right 在右边 ‎8.on the school trip 学校郊游9.on weekends 在周末 ‎10.on vacation 在假期11.on my exchange program 在我做交换生期间 ‎12.on stage 在舞台上13.on school nights 学校郊游 one num. & pron.一个的; 短语:1.one …the other 一个 另一个 e.g.I have two rulers, one is long, the other is short.我有两个格尺,一个是长的,另一个是短的。‎ open adj. & v. 开着的;敞开的 短语:1.open up 打开 eg.:computers help us to open up our eyes to the outside world .电脑帮助打开了我们对外面世界的眼界。‎ opinion n.; 短语:1. in one’s opinion 以某人的意见eg. In my opinion, she should stay at home .依我看,她应该待在家里。‎ order v.要求;订购;(n. 顺序);‎ 短语:1.in order to 为了……;eg.:She got up early in order to catch the bus.为了能赶上车她起得很早。‎ other pron. & adj. 另一个,不同的;其他的 短语:1 each other 相互 2 the other day 前几天 某日 out adv 外面的 短语:1.out of style 过时的 over prep & adv. 全部地;折过来 短语:1.over an open fire 在火上 2.over the world 全世界 3.over 200 years 200多年了 own adj. v. 属于自己的;短语:1.of one’s own 属于自己的;eg.She has a house of her own.她拥有自己的房子。‎ owner n. 所有者;‎ P pair n. 一对;一副 短语:1.a pair of 一副 part n.部分;局部;‎ 短语:1. take part in …参加……;eg. Shall we take part in the meeting ? 我们可以参加会议吗?‎ ‎2. take the part of 支持;eg. Most of the women took the part of Martin Brown. 绝大多数妇女支持马丁布朗。‎ ‎3. part-time adj. 业余的。‎ pass v.前行;通过;经过 短语 1. pass the message to sb 传递某人信息 ‎2.pass on 传递 ‎3.pass sb sth =pass sth to sb 传递某人某物 pay (paid, paid) v.付钱;偿还;‎ 短语:1. pay for 付给, 支付;‎ ‎2. pay a visit (to) 访问;eg. When can they pay a visit to the headmaster?他们什么时候能访问校长?‎ ‎3. pay attention to 注意:‎ eg. Why didn’t you pay attention to the question mark?你为什么不注意问号呢?‎ permission n.‎ 短语:1 without permission 没经过允许2 ask sb’s permission 请求某人允许 pick v. 精选;采摘;挑选;‎ 短语:1.pick up 拾起。eg. There is a pen on the floor. Let me pick it up.地上有支笔,我来捡。‎ 主要考点为pay/spend/cost/take 作为“花费”时的区别运用。‎ What a beautiful sweater! How much did you ___ for it?( 南京市)‎ A. take B. cost C. pay D. spend 题解:考查“ pay for sth.”的用法。选C。‎ pity n.同情;遗憾;‎ 短语:1. feel pity for 同情。eg. I felt pity for the poor man. 我同情可怜的男人。‎ ‎2. What a pity ! 真遗憾eg. It’s a pity that you can’t come to our party.真遗憾你不能来参加我们的聚会。‎ place n. & v. 地点;场所;‎ 短语;1. take place 发生。eg. The football match took place last night. 足球比赛在昨晚进行。‎ ‎2. take the place of 取代……。 eg. Who can take the place of him when he is out? 他不在时谁能代替他?‎ ‎3. places of interest 名胜,警区。‎ eg. We have visited many places of interest inChina.我们已游览过许多中国的名胜。‎ plan n. & v. 方法;方案 短语:1.make a plan 做计划2.plan to do sth 计划做某事 play v.玩;娱乐;戏弄 短语:1.play football 踢足球2.play the piano 弹钢琴 ‎3.play with 玩 4.play sports 做运动 ‎5.play the CDs too loud 播放CD太大声 plenty adj. 短语:1.plenty of 大量的 point v.指点;指出;(n. 点;);短语:1. point to 指向,(较远之物)。‎ eg. He pointed to the woman under the tree and said,“She is our new teacher.”他指着树下那个女的说:“他是我们的新老师。‎ ‎2. point at 指向(较近之物)eg.“Beijing is here.” he pointed at the map and said .“北京在这儿”他指着地图说。‎ ‎3. point out 指出:eg. The teacher pointed out his mistakes. 老师指出了他的错误。‎ practice n. 习惯行动;练习;‎ 短语:1.put into practice 实施,实行。2.practice makes perfect. 熟能生巧。‎ practise v.经常做;练习;实践;短语:1.practice doing sth 练习做某事 eg. I often practice speaking english at home .我经常在家练习说英语。‎ prefer v 短语:1. perfer …to .. 比… 更喜欢eg. I prefer red to blue.比起兰色,我更喜欢红色。‎ ‎2.perfer doing to doing比做某事 更喜欢做某事 eg. I prefer to playing football to playing v olleyball,比起打排球我更喜欢题足球。‎ prepare v.准备;预备 短语:1.prepare for… 为…而准备 eg. The parents are preparing for the coming new year.父母们正在为新年做准备。‎ price n.价格;价钱 短语:1.at any price 不论价格高底。eg. I want to buy the book at any price. 不管多少钱,我也要买那本书。‎ problem n.问题;难题 短语:1.no problem 没问题 promise n. & v. 承诺;保证 短语:1.keep a promise 遵守诺言:eg. He never keeps his promise. Don’t believe him.‎ ‎2.break a promise 不守诺言,违背诺言:‎ eg. You shouldn’t break your promise.We all think you are a good boy.你不该违背诺言。我们都信为你是个好孩子。‎ proper adj.精确的;正确的 短语:1.at proper time 在适当的时间 proud adj. 自豪的;荣幸的 短语:1.be proud of 为… …而骄傲(自豪),常用于eg. We’re proud of our motherland.我们为祖国而自豪。‎ ‎2.be proud about … …而骄傲(自豪),常用于贬义:eg. We’re nothing to be proud about. 我们没有什么值得骄傲的。‎ provide v.供应;提供 短语:1.provide sb with sth 提供某人某物 ‎2.provide sth for sb提供某人某物 public adj. & n.公共的 短语:1.in public 在公共场合 2.the public 大众 purpose n.目的;意图 短语: 短语:1.on purpose 故意的 put (put, put) v.放置;实施 短语:1.put away 收起来,放好:eg. You’d better put away your things. 你最好把东西放置好。‎ ‎2.put on 穿上,戴:‎ eg. He put on his coat and went out.他穿上外套,出去了。‎ ‎3.put into 把… …译成… …:eg. Can you put the story into Chinese.你能把社个故事译成中文吗?‎ ‎4.put off 推迟,拖延:eg. We’ll have to put off the meting till Friday. 我们不得不把会议推迟到周五。‎ ‎5.put up 张贴,挂起:eg. Put up the map on the wall,please.请把地图贴在墙上。‎ Q question n.问题;疑问 短语:1.beside the question 离题,在问题之 ‎2.out of the question 没问题,毫无疑问 ‎3.out of the question 不可能的,办不到的。‎ ‎4.put a question to sb.向某人担问题 ‎5.without question 毫无疑问 R rabbit n. 野兔;猪兔 race n.比赛;赛跑; 人种,种族 短语:1.relay race 接力赛 ‎2.a race against time 和时间赛跑 v. 参加速度竞赛 ‎3/ ~against /with sb radio n.收音机;无线电广播 短语:1.on the radio /by radio 通过无线电 railway n. 铁路;铁道 rain v.下雨;降雨 短语:1.rain out 因雨而中断:‎ e.g.The game was rained out.比赛因雨暂停举行。‎ ‎2.as right as rain 非常健康 ‎3.比较rain heavily/heavy rain n. e.g. Don’t go out in the rain.不要冒雨出去 Come in out of the rain. 快进去别让雨淋着 。‎ Adj rainy 下雨的,多雨的 相关词汇: raincoat 雨衣 rainbow 彩虹 rainfall降雨量 rainless 无雨天 raise v.暗 举起;使升高 短语:1.raise one’s eyes 举目观看 ‎2.raise one’s voice against sb/sth坚决的发言而反对某人或某事物。‎ rapid adj.快的;迅速的;急促的 rat n.老鼠;叛徒 短语:1.look like a drown rat 湿的像落汤鸡 ‎2.the rat race激烈的竞争 rather adv. 宁可;最好 短语:1.would/had rather…than 宁愿… …而不愿:‎ e.g.He would/had rather stay at home than go out.他宁愿呆在家也不愿出门 ‎2.rather…than 与其… …倒不如,不是… …而是:‎ e.g. He’d rather drink boiled water than coffee. 他宁愿喝开水也不愿喝咖啡。‎ e.g. He is an artist rather than a philosopher.与其说他是个哲学家不如说他是个艺术家注意:‎ 注意:would rather…than 词组中,后面接动词原形,但当would rather 后跟从 句,从句谓语要用虚拟语气,即用过去时表示现在或将来要做的事:‎ e.g.I would rather that we stopped now.我宁可现在停下来。‎ reach v.伸出;延伸 ;到达 相当于 短语:1.get to / arrive in/arrive at ‎2.reach one’s hand 出手 ‎3.reach sb. Sth. 给某人某物 ‎4.with easy reach of 在容易达到… …的地方:在… …的附近 read (read, read) v.读;阅读;‎ 短语:1. read sth. (to sb.) 读,朗读;e.g. He was reading silently to himself. 他正在默读。‎ ‎2. read about / of sb. / sth. 借助阅读发现某人(某事)的情况。‎ e.g. I read about / of her in today’s paper.我在今天的报纸上读到关于她的消息。‎ ‎3. read …aloud 朗读e.g. The teacher asked the strdents to read the text aloud after class.教师叫学生们在课后朗读课文 ready adj. (-ier -iest) 有准备的;乐意的 look ready to do sth 即将做某事 短语:1.be ready to do sth 决心/乐于做什么 2.be ready for sth 为。。。而准备好。‎ real adj.现实的;真实的。非模仿的,真的。‎ adv非常;的确 e.g. I’m real sorry. 我非常抱歉 词型转换:realism 现实主义 realist 现实主义者 realistic 现实主义的reality真实性 realise (realize) (不用于被动语态) n.& v 意识;认知;意识到;认识到.‎ 近义词辨析:realize / understand 这两个词是近义词,在一起比较一般和含义是“意识到”,“弄明白”,常常可以互换使用。‎ e.g. You don’t understand / realize what a difficult position I’m in. 你不会明白我的处境多么困难。‎ realize 也可以表示“实现”:e.g. The Chinese people are sure to realize the modernization of their country.中国人民必将实现国家现代化。understand 也可以表示“听懂,理解”e.g. The English understnd them.‎ 英国人说话都能互相听懂,可是他们讲话我却听不懂。‎ really adv. 事实上;实际上 reason v. & n.动机;原因;理由 短语:1. reason for sth/doing sth ‎2.reason to do sth 有某事的原因 思考 理解 推理 e.g.He reasoned that if we started at dawn, we would be there by noon.‎ ‎3.reason sth out receive v.接收;收到;接受;‎ 短语:1.receive sth from sb ‎2.receive a letter from sb = hear from sb adj 公认为正确而普遍接受的 ‎3.received opinion n. receiver 接受者, 电话听筒 recently adv.新近的;近代的 adj. recent 短语:1.a recent talk recite v. 背诵;描述 record v.记录;记载 短语:1.record sth from sth/ on eg .record music from radio record music on tape ‎2. record of sth ‎3.on record 记载下来的 ‎4.keep/ hold the record 保持记录 ‎5. break the record 打破记录 recorder n. 记录仪;兼职法官 red adj.红的;红色的 refuse v.拒绝;回绝 (反) accept n.废物。垃圾 n refusal 拒绝 the refusal 优先取舍权 regard v.注意;考虑;‎ 短语:1. regard sb. /sth as. 将某人(某事)视为。 e.g.We regard your action as a crime.我们认为你的这种行为是犯罪。‎ regret n. & v.遗憾;抱歉;后悔 短语:1.give/sent one’s regrets adj regretful 痛惜的 悔恨的 regretable 另人痛惜的 另人遗憾的 relation n. 关系;关联 短语:1.~ between sth and sth adj relaxed 有关的,相关联的 ‎2.~ to sb/sth relax v. 松懈;缓和 词型转换:relaxing 另人放松的 relaxed放松的 be relaxed about rules remain v.遗留;留下;( 通常不用于进行时态)‎ 短语:1.remain + adj 持续某种状态 remember v.牢记;记得 短语:1.remember doing sth 记得做过某事 ‎2.remember to do sth记得要做某事 repair n. & v. 修补;修理 = mend / fix up repeat v&n. 重说;重做;重复 短语:1.repeat sth to sb 向某人转述某件事 adj.‎ 词型转换:repeated 反复做的 可复述的repeatable 可重复的 可复述的 reply v.回答;答复 短语:1.reply to sb/ sth 2.give a reply to report n.报告;记录 短语:1.report on sb/sth to sb/ sth 词型转换:n. reporter require v.需要;规定 (不用于进行时态)‎ e.g. All cars requires servicing reqularly 词型转换:n. requirement 短语:1.make some requirements research n.研究;探讨 短语:1.research into /on sth ‎2.research on sb rest n. & v. a。休息;睡眠 短语:1.have / take a (good)rest ‎2.rest from sth ‎3.come to rest 停止,不再移动 b.其余 剩余的部分 ‎4.the rest of 其谓语动词随所接名词的变化而变化 restaurant n.餐馆;饭店 result n.后果;结果 短语:1.as a result of 作为。。。的结果 retell v. 再讲;重述 return v.回;返回;‎ 短语: 1. return sth. to sb. 带回或送回某物。‎ ‎2. return a favor 回报 ‎3. return to 返回 ‎4. Many happy returns! 祝你长寿!‎ ‎5. return blow for blow 以牙还牙 ‎6. return thanks 答谢 review v. & n.复习;温习 rice n.米;稻 rich adj. 富的;有钱的 be rich in 富含 盛产 the rich 有钱人 富人 ride (rode, ridden) v&n. 骑车;骑;乘 短语:1.give sb a ride 让某人搭便车 ‎2.take sb for a ride 欺骗或诈骗某人 ‎3.go for a ride 兜风 riddle n..谜语; 短语:1. the answer to a riddle 谜底 e.g.Who knows the answer to the riddle? 谁知道谜底?‎ ‎2. read a riddle 猜谜 right n. & adj. 公正的;正确的:‎ 短语:1. all right 同意,赞同 ‎2. do the right thing 做得好 ‎3. right away 立刻,马上 ‎4. right here 就在这里 ‎5.right now 就在现在 ‎7. in the right 有里 ring (rang, rung) v. & n. 响;打电话;戒指 短语:1.ring (up) sb 2.give sb a ring rise (rose, risen) v.升起;长出;e.g.The sun rises in the east and sets in the west.‎ risk n.危险;风险 短语:1.at the risk of doing sth 冒可能做某事的危险 river n河;江 road n.路;行车道 短语:1.by road robot n.机器人;自动机 rock n.岩石;矿石 v 摆动,摇动 role n. 角色;任务 短语:1.play an important role in sth room n.地盘;空间 e.g. This table takes up too much room.There are many rooms in this restaurant.‎ rope n.粗绳;‎ 短语:1. the rope 绞刑 ;‎ ‎2. give sb. enough rope 任某人为所欲为终将自作自受。‎ ‎3. a rope of … 一串……。‎ ‎4. tie sth. with (a) rope 用绳子捆东西。‎ rose n.玫瑰;蔷薇花 round adv., prep & adj. 环形的;弧形的 row v.划 rubber n.橡胶;橡皮 rubbish n.废料;垃圾;‎ rule n.规则;章程 短语:1.break the rules ruler n. 统治者;尺子 run (ran, run) v.跑;逃避 经营 短语:1.run after sb 追赶某人 ‎2.run away from sb 突然离开某人或某处 ‎3.run into sb 偶然遇见某人 ‎4.run out of sth/run sth out 用完,耗尽 rush v.冲;奔腾 短语:1.rush into 冲进去 2.rush out of 冲出来3.run into doing sth 仓促行事 n.大量急需, 急购 Russia n.俄国 Russian n.俄国人;俄语 S sad adj.可悲的;可耻的;‎ 短语:1. sadder but wiser 从错误和失败中吸取教训。 2. sad to say 不幸的是 ‎3. a sad face 忧愁的面容 ‎4. sad news 令人伤心的消息 5. feel sad 悲伤 sadly adj. 可悲的;可耻的 safe adj. 平安的;无危险的 adv. Safely v. 节省 存起来 挽救 短语:1. save one’s life 挽救某人的生命 safety n.安全;平安;‎ 短语:1. safety first 安全第一 ‎2. there’s safety in numbers 人多势众 ‎3. safety match 安全火柴 ‎4. a place of safety 安全地点 5. safety island 安全岛 sail n. & v.帆;船帆 短语:1.sail across 横渡 salad n.色拉 短语:1.fruit salad 水果沙拉 sale n.出售;卖 短语:1.have sales/ be on sale 打特价 salt n. 氯化钠;食盐 same n. & adj. 相同的;无差别的;‎ 短语:1.be the same as 和。。。一样 2.look the same 看起来很像 sand n.沙;沙滩 sandwich n.三明治 satisfy v符合;满足 短语:1.satisfy sb with sth 词型转换:adj satisfying 令人满意的 satisfied 满足的,满意的 .‎ Saturday n.星期天 sausage n香肠;腊肠.‎ save v.救助;保全; 短语:1. save one’s face 保全面子 2. save the situation 挽回局势 ‎3. save one’s breath 保持沉默 ‎4. save time 节约时间 ‎5. save on 节约,节省 ‎6. save oneself 偷懒 ‎7. save sb. from 从……救出某人 say (said, said) v.说;表达;‎ 短语:1. say sth. / sb. 表达主要考点为:speak / tell / talk / say的用法区别。‎ Could you tell me how to ____it in English? (连云港市)‎ A. say B. speak C. shout D. tell 题解:say +说话的内容,speak+语言,选A。‎ ‎2. go without saying 显而易见 ‎3. I dare say 的确,当然 ‎4. say to oneself 自言自语 scalf. n. pl.scalfs /scalves school n. 学校;校舍 schoolbag n. 书包 science n. 科学;学问 短语:1.science subject 理科 scientist n. 科学家;‎ score n. . 1。记分 得分 短语:1. a score-keeper score –sheet 记分员,记分单 ‎2. a score of people二十 v 3. score against sb 获胜 screen n.帐;挡板 sea n海洋;海水.‎ 短语:1. in the sea 在海里 ‎2. on the sea 在海滨 ‎3. the seven seas 七大洋 ‎4. by sea 乘船 search n. & v.搜查;探求 短语:1.search sb/ sth for sb/sth 搜查某人,细查某处以寻找某人 ‎2.search through sth for sth 搜索 season n. 季节;活跃期 短语:1. in season 在旺季。‎ ‎2. out of season 不在旺季 ‎3. the dry / rainy season 旱季 seat n. 座位;臀部 短语:1.take one’s seat second num. adj. & 第二的;秒n.‎ secret n.秘密;奥秘;‎ 短语:1. in secret 偷偷的;暗暗的;2. in the secret 知道秘密 ‎3. keep a / the secret 保守秘密 secretary n.秘书;干事 see (saw, seen) v. 看见;领会 短语:1.see sb do sth 看见某人做某事 ‎2.see sb doing sth 看见某人正在做某事 ‎3.see for oneself 亲眼看,亲自去看 seem v.似乎;显出 短语:1.seem like看起来像 ‎2.It seems that 看起来 ‎3.Sb /sth seem to do sth/‎ ‎4.Sb/ sth seem to be +adj /n seldom adv. 很少;不常; e.g.She seldom reads newspapers. 她很少读报纸。‎ sell (sold, sold) v. 卖;出售 短语:1.sell sth to sb 2.sell out 售光 send (sent, sent) v.发送;邮寄 短语:1.send away 开除 ‎2.send for请某人 ‎3.send out 用无线电发送信号,发出,派遣 ‎4.send ..to ... 把...发送到.‎ ‎5.send up 发出射出...‎ sense n.感官;感觉 sentence n. 句子;法庭载决 短语:1.sentence ...... to death 判处死刑 separate v. & adj. 分离;单独的; 短语:1.separate....... from 分开 e.g. two separate problems 两个互不干涉的问题。‎ The two twons are separated by a river. 这两个城镇被这条河隔开了。‎ September n.九月 serious adj.重要的;可怕的 短语:1.be serious about 对....很严肃2.take sb/ sth seriously认真对待某人或某物 servant n.仆人;助手 serve v.服务;当仆人 短语:1.servesb as sth为。。。工作2.serve sb with sth 将。。。摆上桌 ‎3.serve sth out 把。。。分给大家 service n.服务;效劳 短语:1.be of serve to sb 有用,有帮助 set (set, set) v.& n.放;置 短语:1.a set of 一套 ‎2.set up 建立( establish) 3.set off 引发,激起 4.set out 出发,动身5.set down放下 settle v.定居 短语:1.settle down 定居,平静下来 seven num.七;七个 several pron. & adj.几个;数个 shake(shook, shaken) v.摇动;震惊 短语:1.shake hands with sb 握手 2.shake sb by the hand shall (should) aux & v. 表示强调的意思,用于将来时 shame n.羞愧;蒙羞 短语:1.a shame可耻的人或事物 e.g. It’s a shame to take money from those who can’t afford it 拿别人的钱使人家无以自立是十分可耻的。‎ v.使某人感到羞耻 短语:1.shame sb into /out of doing sth 使某人感到惭愧而不做某事 shape n.& v.形状;外貌 短语:1.shape sth into sth 做成某物的形状 share v.共享;分配;‎ 短语:1. have a share in 分担 ‎2. share sth. with sb. 与人分享某物,在某方面有共同之处。‎ she pron.她;妇女 sheep (pl sheep) n.羊;蠢人 shelf (pl. shelves)n.架板;搁板 短语:1.on a nearby shelf shine v.发光;照射 adj 发亮的 shiny (shinier / shiniest)‎ ship n.轮船;飞机(美) 短语:1.by ship = by sea shirt n衬衣;‎ 短语:1. keep one’s shirt on 不生气。 e.g.Keep your shirt on! Nobody want to hurt you. 别发火,没人想伤害你。‎ ‎2. lose one’s shirt 失去一切,丢得精光。‎ shoe n.鞋;马掌 shop n.商店;购物 短语:1.go shopping ‎2.do some /the shopping ‎3.shopping center 购物中心,商业街 ‎4.shopping mall 商业网点 short adj.矮的;低的 短语:1.be short of 短缺 2.be short for 缩写,简称 shorts n. 短裤 should modal v.表示条件式,将要 shoulder n.肩膀;肩胛 短语:1.shoulder to shoulder 肩并肩 shout n. & v. 呼喊;大声说 短语:1.shout out 喊出来 2.shout at / to sb ‎ 冲某人喊叫 show (showed, shown) v.显示;表明;‎ 短语:1. on show 在展览中 2. a show of strength 展示力量 ‎4. show around 带领某人参观。 5. Good show! 好极了。‎ shower n.阵雨;阵雪 短语:1.be caught in a shower遇到阵雨 n.淋浴 ,淋浴室 短语:1.be in the shower 正在淋浴2.get out of the shower 淋完浴3.take / have a shower 淋浴 shut (shut, shut) v.关上;合上 短语:1.shut up 闭嘴 ‎2.shut sb /sth out of sth 将某人或某物关在门外 ‎3.shut / close the door shy adj.害羞的;胆小的 sick adj. 有病的;吐的 短语:1.sick of sb /sth / doing sth 厌倦某人或做某事 ‎2.the sick 病人 side n.面;表面 sight n视力;观点 短语:1.keep sight of sb /sth /keep sth /sb in sight看住某人某物,监视 silence n. 无声;静寂;‎ e.g.“Just a minute” she snapped, silencing him with a look of hatred.“等一等”她厉声地说,用带着仇恨的眼神使他安静下来。‎ silent adj.无言的;沉默的 短语:1.keep silent 保持沉默 silk n.丝;丝绸 adj silky silly adj.愚蠢的;不合理的 silver n.银;白银 similar 相像的;类似的 短语:1.be similar to sb/ sth 和。。。很相似 相似点:similarity simple adj.简单的;容易的 simply adv.简单地;容易地 since prep. conj.& adv.从…来;自从…以后;‎ prep . eg: I haven’t eaten since breakfast.‎ Conj: eg: Where have you been since I last saw you .‎ Adv: eg: He left home two weeks ago and we haven’t heard from him since.‎ 他两星期前离开的家,到现在我们一直没有他的饿消息。‎ sing (sang, sung) v.唱;歌唱 短语:1.sing sth for/ to sb /sth 为某人而唱歌 n. 歌手 single adj.唯一的;单一的 sir n. 先生;长官 sister n.姐姐;妹妹 sit (sat, sat) v. .就座;使坐下 短语:1.sit down 坐下 ‎2.sit out 坐在户外 ‎3.sit up for 晚睡 situation n.位置;环境 短语:1.get into /out of a situation six num.六;六个 sixty num.六十;六十个 size n.大小;尺寸;‎ 短语:1. size up 估计,估量,判断;e.g.We sized each other up at our first meeting. 我们初次见面时互相打量了一番。‎ ‎2. for size 试尺寸,看是否合适,按不同尺码。‎ ‎3. of a size 大小一样的;尺码相同的。‎ skate v滑冰;溜冰 短语:1.go skating 去滑冰 skill n.技能;技艺 短语:1.reading skills 阅读技巧 2.writing skills 写作技巧 skirt n.女裙;围裙 sky n. 天;天空 sleep n. 睡眠;睡觉;‎ 短语:1.go to sleep上床睡觉 ‎2.fall/ be asleep 熟睡 sleepy adj. 睡着的;熟睡的 slide n.滑落;滑动 slow adj. & adv. 慢的;迟缓的;‎ 短语:1. show up / down 松弛下来;e.g.Solw down a bit, or you’ll make youself ill. 别那么卖力,不然你要累出病来。‎ ‎2. slow but sure 虽然漫但最后一定胜利。‎ small adv.贫穷的;幼小的;‎ smell n. & v. 嗅觉;气味;‎ 近义词辨析:smell / scent 这两个词都有“气味”的意思。‎ smell 是常用词,指“任何气味”,特别强调“在觉器官所产生的效果。”e.g.What a nice smell!多好闻的味呀!‎ scent 指“气味”,尤指“香味”,e.g.The scent of a hunted animal. 被捕野兽发出的气味。‎ smile n. & v. 微笑;露出 短语:1.smile at sb/ sth微笑。 2.smile on sb / sth 表示赞成或鼓励之意 smoke v.抽;冒烟 短语:1.cigarette smoke 烟味 词型变化:smokeless无烟的 smoker吸烟的人 smoking吸烟,抽烟 smooth adj.平滑的;平整的(-er,est)‎ 短语:1.in smooth water(s) 进展顺利 2.as smooth as silk 十分柔软,光滑 snake n.蛇;叛徒 snow v.下雪;‎ 短语:1. deep snow 厚雪 ‎2. heavy snow 大雪; e.g.There was a heavy snow last night.昨晚下了一场大雪。‎ ‎3. snow hair 雪白的头发。‎ snowy adj. 多雪的;下雪的 so adv. & conj.因此;所以;‎ 短语:1. if so 要是那样的话 ‎2. so far 到这里为止。 e.g. So far for today. 今天就到此为止。‎ ‎3. so as to 以便……。‎ ‎4. so then 原来如此,那么 ‎5. so that 以便。e.g.I was so surprised that I couldn’t speak.我惊奇地说不出话来。‎ ‎6. so…that 如此……以致 ‎7. so what 那又怎么样呢。‎ e.g. He’s fifteen years younger than me, so what if he is? 他比我小15岁,即使如此,又有什么?‎ ‎8. so long as 只要 soap n. 肥皂 短语:1.soap opera 电视剧 social adj.社会的;社交的 短语:1.social situations 社会现实 society n.社会;上流社会; 短语:1. go into society 进入交际界,常赴宴会。 2. live in society 出入交际界 sock n.短袜;鞋垫 sofa n.沙发 soft adj.软的;可延展的;‎ 短语:1.quiet and soft music 轻柔的音乐 2.feel soft 摸起来柔软 soldier n.军人;士兵 solid adj. & n.固体的;实心的 短语:1.solid food 固体食物 ‎2.a solid sphere 实心的球体 eg.Cheese is a solid, milk is a liquid.干酪是固体,奶是液体 solve v.解答;解释 eg: Help me to solve my mathematical problems.请帮助我解决这些数学问题。‎ n.解释,答案 短语:1.solution to sth 解决问题的方法 some adj. & pron.若干;一些;‎ 短语:1.after some time 不久以后; 2. some days ago 几天前 ‎3.some other day 改天; 4.someday (将来)某一天,他日。‎ somebody pron某人;有人 someone pron. 某人;有人 something pron.某物;某事 sometimes adv.有时;不时 eg: He sometimes writes to me .他偶尔给我写写信。‎ somewhere adv.在某处;到某处 son n. 儿子;子孙 song n.歌;歌词 soon adv. 立刻;马上 短语:1.sooner or later 迟早迟晚 ‎2.as soon as 一...........就, 不迟于 ‎3.no sooner than 一.......就eg: He had no sooner arrived than he was asked to leave again. 他刚到就被支走了。‎ sorry adj.难过的;报歉的;‎ 短语:1.sorry for oneself 灰心失望 e.g.Don’t be sorry for yourself. 别灰心失望。‎ ‎2. feel sorry for sb. 同情某人 e.g. I feel sorry for anyone who has to drive in this sort of weather. 我很同情在这种情况下还得开车的人。‎ sort v. & n种类;品级.‎ 短语:1.sort of 有几分,有点 eg :I feel sort of sick 我觉的有点恶心。‎ eg: He’s the sort of person I really dislike. 他这种人我真不喜欢。‎ sound v. & n.,adj声音;响声 短语:1.sound like 听起来像 ‎2.have sound teeth 牙齿结实 ‎3..be /fall sound a sleep 安然入睡 soup n.汤 短语:1.in the soup 处于困境,出麻烦 sour adj.酸的;乖戾的 eg: The milk’s turned sour. 牛奶变酸了。‎ south n. & adj.南;南方的 短语:1.The south 国家的南方,南部地区 2.on the south coast 在南海岸 southern adj.南方的;在南方的 space n.空间;空地 e.g. Is there a space for the car in the firm’s car park ? 公司的停车场有没有这辆车的位置。‎ spare adj.空闲的;多余的;‎ 短语:1. spare cash 余款。‎ e.g. China spared more than two billion yuan for the fight against SARA. 为抗非典,中国拨出了二十多亿人民币。‎ ‎2. spare sth. / sb. (for sb./sth.) (为某人或某事)匀出人力或(时间、金钱、物质)等。‎ ‎3. spare no pains doing / to do sth. 不遗余力地干某事。‎ e.g. Everyone spared no pains preparing (to prepare) for the English evening.为筹备这次英语晚会,同学们都不遗余力地工作。‎ speak (spoke, spoken) v.说话;发言 短语:1.speak to /with sb (about /of sb/sth) e.g. 1.Can we speak about plans for the holiday. 我们谈谈假期的打算好吗?‎ ‎2.He speaks several languages 他会说好几种语言。‎ ‎3.She spoke for forty minutes at the meeting . 他在会上讲了四十分钟。‎ special adj.特别的;异常的 e.g.1.What are your special interests? 你有什么特别的爱好。‎ ‎2. Take special care of it. 对这东西要特别细心。‎ speech n.说话;演说 短语:1.by speech eg: We can express our thoughts by speech. 我们能以说话的方式表达我们的意思。‎ ‎2. speech on / about sth 关于.....讲话,演说 ‎3.Make /deliver/give a speech 发言 speed n.& v.速度;变速器 短语:1. speed up 加速 ‎2. at speed 高速,快地 eg: It’s dangerous to go round corners at speed 高速转弯是危险的。‎ ‎3. at a speed of . 以 .... 速度 spell v. 拼写;带来 短语:1.spelling mistakes 拼写错误 spend (spent, spent) v花费;使用. .‎ 短语:1.spend .......on sth 用钱 ,花钱 ‎2.spend ........(in )doing sth 花时间/钱做什么 ‎3.spend time with sb 与某人一起度过时光 spirit n.精神;灵魂 e.g. His spirit is troubled.他内心苦恼。‎ 短语:1.in spirit 在内心,在精神上eg: I shall be with you in spirit.我的心和你在一起。‎ spoon n. 匙;调羹 短语:1.spoon out 舀出 2. spoon up one’s soup 用勺舀汤 sport n. 运动;运动会 短语:1.sports meeting 运动会 ‎2.make sport of sb 嘲笑某人开某人的玩笑 spread (spread, spread) v.伸开;摊开 短语:1.spread sth out (on/over sth) 在...上展开,铺开 ‎2.spread sth with sth 将某物铺于某物上 spring n.跳跃;发源 e.g. With an easy spring the cat reached the branch.那猫轻轻一跃就够到了树枝。‎ square n.正方形;广场 短语:1.Tian’an Men Square stairs n.梯级;楼梯 e.g: She always runs up/ down the stairs.她总是跑着上下楼。‎ stamp n. 重踏;跳扁 短语:1.collect stamps集邮 eg: He stamped his foot in anger.他气的直跺脚。‎ stand n. 站立;坐落 短语:1.stand up ‎2.stand for 代表 3.stand out 突出,显眼 standard n. & adj.标准;常规 e.g. People were very poor then, by today’s standards 以今天的标准,那时候的人是很穷的。‎ 短语:1.standard English 规范的英语 star n. 星;恒星 start v开始;发生 短语:1.to start with 第一,首先; 2. start out (to do sth)动身 起程 ‎3. be off to a great start 步入一个良好的开始;‎ ‎4. start on sth /start sb on sth 开始进行某事;‎ state n情况;状态 ‎ e.g. These buildings are in a bad state of repair.这些建筑物急需修葺。‎ station n火车站;车站 短语:1.railway station 火车站2.subway station 地铁站 3.police station 警察局 stay n. & v. 维持;不变动;‎ 短语:1. be here to stay 成为风尚;‎ ‎2. stay for 留在某人家(吃饭)。e.g.Won’t you stay for supper?你吃过饭再走好吗?‎ ‎3. stay in 不出门; 4. stay up 迟睡,熬夜。‎ e.g.He stayed up till twelve o’clock last night. 昨天晚上他熬夜到十二点钟。‎ ‎5. stay at 暂住在,投宿在;‎ steal (stole, stolen) v.偷窃;窃取    短语:1.steal .sth from sb/sth steel n.钢铁;坚强 step n. & v.脚步;舞步 短语:1.step by step 逐步地; 2. take steps to do sth 采取步骤以达到某目的;‎ ‎3.keep step with 与某人保持步伐一致; 4step forward 站出来;‎ stick (stuck, stuck) v. & n枝条;柴枝.‎ 短语:1.stick sth in/into /though sth 刺穿或刺入某物 ‎2.stick to 坚持 ‎3. stick at sth 坚持做某事,坚持不懈 still adj& adv.静止地;不动地   e.g. Please stand still while I take your photograph.. 当我给你照相时你别动。‎ stomach n.胃;肚子 stomachache n. 胃痛;肚子痛   短语:1.have a stomachache 胃疼 stone n.石料;石子       e.g. Kill two birds with one stone 一石二鸟 stop n. & v. 停止;阻止;‎ 主要考点为stop to do sth ./ stop doing sth. / stop from doing sth.‎ ‎— I feel tried and sleepy .( 黑龙江省)‎ ‎—Why not stop ___?‎ A. to relax B. relaxing C. resting D. to work 题解:本题考查stop to do表示停下来去做另外一件事;stop doing sth. 表示停下来正在做的事情。根据“我感到又累又困。”下一句应该是“你为什么不停下来放松一下呢?”故选A。‎ store n. & v. 储存;储备 短语:1.store of sth累积而成的巨大数目 eg :a library with a store of books 藏有大量书籍的图书馆 ‎2.in store(for sb/ sth) 储存着,备有 storm n. 风暴;风潮 story n. 故事;趣闻; 短语:1. as the story goes 据说,据传2. be all in a (one, the same) story 众口一词。‎ strange adj.奇特的;古怪的 短语:1.strange to sb 对某物感到陌生 stranger n.外地人;新来者 strawberry n.草莓 stream n.川;河;水流   短语:1.stream of sth/ sb eg: a stream of blood 一股血 street n街道; 街区    短语:1.in the street 在街上2. street lighting 路灯 strike n.(struck /struck)打;击;冲 eg: He struck the table a heavy blow with his fist. 他用拳头猛击了一下桌子。 a miners’ strike矿业工人罢工 strong adj.坚牢的;强固的 短语:1.a strong wind 大风 2. be strong on sth 擅长某事物 student n. 学生;实习护士 study v.学习;攻读学业 stupid adj不聪明的;愚笨的.‎ subject n. 讨论;描述 succeed v.成功;紧随    短语:1.succeed in doing /sth 谚语:Nothing succeeds like success一事成,事事成 success n.成功;好成果;‎ 短语:1. drink success to 祝……成功干杯。‎ ‎2. have success (with) (在某事上)获得成功 ‎3. make a success of 把……做得很成功。‎ successful adj.兴旺的 such adv. & pron. & adj这种的;同样的. 短语:1. such as 例如 ‎2.. such… that 如此…….‎ e.g. He was such an honest boy that every body liked him.他是如此诚实的一个孩子,以致人人都喜欢他。‎ sudden adj. 突然的;意外的   短语:1. all of a sudden 突然,出乎意料的 suddenly adv.突然地;意外地 suffer v.受痛苦;受苦难     短语:1.suffer.... from/ with/ for 感到不适,吃苦头 sugar n. 食糖;蔗糖 suggest v.建议;提议 短语:1.suggest sb for sth供考虑,提议 ‎2. suggest sth to sb 使某人想到某事物。‎ suggestion n.建议;提议 summer n.夏季;壮年 sun n.阳光;太阳 短语:1.in the sun 在太阳下 ‎2.With the sun 在日出或日落时 Sunday num.星期日 sunny adj.睛朗的;阳光充足 supermarket n.超市 supper n夜餐;晚餐 短语:1.have beef for supper 晚饭吃牛肉 2.have a late supper 很晚吃饭 supply v. & n.供应;供给 短语:1.supply sth to sb / supply sb with sth 供给某人所需的某物 suppose v.假定;认为;‎ 近义词辨析:suppose / think suppose 指“猜想”,认定,含有不确切之意,它近似于think,但是比think少根据。‎ sure adj. & adv. 确倍的 短语:1..be sure to do sth 一定要做....‎ ‎2..be sure about/of sth be sure that 对..... 很确信 ‎3.for sure 无疑 e.g. I think he lives there but I couldn’t say for sure.‎ 我想他是住在那里的,但我不敢确定。‎ ‎4.Make sure of sth/that 把某事物弄清楚 surface n.表面;外面部分   短语:1.on the surface 在表面上,在外表上 surprise n. & v惊奇;诧异;‎ 短语:1.to one’s surprise 使人吃惊的是……。e.g.To one’s surprise , he is our teacher’s hushand.‎ sweater n.毛衣;针织套衫 sweep (swept, swept) v.清扫;清除  短语:1.sweep sth (from ,off , into ,away ,up)扫,掸,打扫2.Sweep ...out 打扫干净 sweet n. & adj. 甜的;芳香的   短语:1.have a sweet tooth爱吃甜食2.keep sb sweet 讨好某人 swim (swam, swum) v.游水;游泳   短语:1.go for a swim 2.go swimming 游泳 swimming n.游泳 swing n.晃动;摆动 e.g. The golfer took a swing at the ball. 打高尔夫的人挥棒击了一下球 symbol n.象征;标志 短语:1.symbol of courage勇气的象征,标志 ‎2.Symbol for sth符号,标志  e.g.AU is the chemical symbol for gold. AU 是金的化学元素符号。‎ T table n. 桌子;台子;‎ 短语:1.at table 进餐(时) e.g.They are at table. 他们在进餐。‎ ‎2. at the table 在桌边 e.g.Father is reading newspaper when he sits at the table.爸爸坐在作旁看报纸。‎ ‎3. table tennis 乒乓球4. a table lamp 台球 table tennis n. 乒乓球运动 tail n.尾巴;尾状物 take (took, taken) v.拿;取;‎ 短语:1. take a look 看一看 e.g.Can I take a look at you new watch? 我能看一看你的新手表吗?‎ ‎2. take away 拿去,减去 e.g.Don’t take it away. 不庶把它拿走。‎ ‎3. take back 取回;e.g.I must take back what I had said.我已经收回了我所说的话。‎ ‎4. take care of 留心,照顾。e.g.Please bake care of my young brother. 照顾好我的小弟弟。‎ ‎5. take down 记下,拿下,取下。e.g. Listen carefully and takedown these words.认真听,记下这些词。‎ ‎6. bake a bus 乘公共汽车 ‎7. take a walk 散步,‎ e.g. We usually take a walk along the beach in the evening. 我们经常晚上沿着沙滩散步。‎ ‎8. take sth. out of 从……里面拿走。e.g.He took the glass out of the box slowly.他将玻璃杯慢慢地从盒子里拿走。‎ ‎9. take part in 参加 ‎10. take place 发生。e.g.What did take place yesterday? 昨天发生了什么事啦?‎ ‎11. take up 从事工作e.g. They take up writing. 他们从事写作工作。‎ ‎12. take it easy 别着急。e.g.Take it easy I’ll help you. 别着急,我来帮你。‎ ‎13. take care 当心 ‎14. take sth. seriously; 认真对待某事。 e.g.We must bake our mistakes seriously. 我们应该认真对待我们的错误。‎ ‎15. take an interest in 对……感兴趣。e.g.I take an interest in music. 我对音乐感兴趣。‎ ‎16. take medicine 服药 tale n.叙述;故事 短语:1.tales of adventure 冒险故事 talk v.谈话;讲话 短语:1.talk to/with sb (about/ of)sth ‎3.Talk sb into /out of doing sth 说服某人做(不做)某事 tall adj.高的 ;高大的 短语:1. a tall order 困难的任务,无理的要求2. a tall story 荒诞不经的故事 tape n. 带子;线带 task n.工作;任务 短语:1. holiday tasks假期作业 2. task sb with sth将某事作为任务交与某人 taste n. & v.味道;滋味 短语:1.taste good /nice/ delicious尝起来好吃 2.taste of sth 有某种味道 taxi n. 出租汽车 短语:1.by taxi 2.take a taxi打车 tea n.茶;茶叶 短语:1.make tea沏茶 teach (taught, taught) v.教;传授 短语:1.teach sth to sb /sth传授,教授 2.teach sb to do sth教某人做某事 teacher n.教员;老师 team n.队;组;团 technology n.技术;工艺 telephone n.电话;手机;‎ 短语:1. public telephone 公共电话 ‎2. telephone number 电话号码 ‎3. on the telephone 接上电话e.g.They’re just moved and they’re not on the telephone yet. 他们刚回家。‎ ‎4. radio telephone 无线电话 ‎5. mobile telephone 移动电话,手机。‎ television (TV) n电视 短语:1.on (the )television电视播放的 tell (told, told) v.讲;讲述 短语:1.tell sth to sb/tellsb about sth告诉,讲诉某事 ‎2.tell A from B 辨别,识别 ‎3.tell the truth说实话 ‎4.tell sb to do sth 吩咐某人做某事 temperature n.温度;气温 短语:1.get/have/run a temperature 体温过高 ‎2. take sb’s temperature量某人的温度,试体温 ten num.十;十个 tennis n.网球运动 短语:1.tennis count网球场 tent n.帐蓬;氧幕 term n.措辞;期限 短语:1.in the long/short term 长/短期 terrible adj.极度的;非常严重的 test v. & n. 检查;化验 短语:1.have/take a test考试 2.pass /fail the test 考试通过(失败)‎ text n. 正文;文本 than conj 比 短语:1.better than 更胜于 ‎2.prefer to do .... rather than do喜欢做什么更胜于做什么 thank v. & n. 感谢;感激 短语:1.thanks /thank you for sth/doing sth 2. thanks to 多亏,由于 that adj. & pron.那;那个;‎ 短语:. at that time 那时, 当时4. like that 那样的;类似的;一概如此 the art.表示独一无二的事物;这;那 theatre n.戏院;剧院 their pron.他们的;她们的 them pron.他们;她们 themselves pron.他们自已 then adv那时;当时 there int. & n. & adv. 那里;在那里 短语:1.here and there 处处,到处2.over there 在那边 these pron. 这些 they pron.他们;她们 thick adj. 厚的;粗的 短语:1.Thick with sb 亲密的 2. Thick and fast又快又多 thin adj. 薄的;细的 thing n. 物;事物 think (thought, thought) v.认为;以为;‎ 短语:1. think of 想象,想起。e.g.I though of a good plan. 我想了一个好主意。‎ ‎2.thind about 考虑。e.g.I am thinking about my future. 我正在考虑我的将来。‎ ‎3. think highly of 对……评价高。‎ ‎4.think over 仔细考虑 ‎6.think up 想出 7.think twice 再三考虑。‎ third num.第三 注意:分数用法 1. one third 三分之一2. two thirds三分之二 thirsty adj.渴的;口干的 短语:1.be thirsty for sth 渴望某物,干旱 eg: The team is thirsty for success.该队渴望获成功。fields thisty for rain干旱缺雨的田地。‎ n.& v thirst 短语:1.thirst for sth 渴望某事物eg: Working in the sun soon gave us a thirst.‎ thirteen num.十三;十三个 thirty num.三十;三十个 this adj. & pron. 这;这个 those adj. & pron. 那些 though conj.虽然;尽管;‎ 短语:1. as though 好像;若:e.g.You look as though you were ill.你看起来好象病了。‎ ‎2. even though 即使;纵然。e.g.Even though it should rain, you must go. 即使下雨,你也一定要去。‎ thought n.思想;思考 短语:1.thought for sb/sth 考虑,关注 eg: Spare a thought for those less fortunate than you.关心一下比你困苦的人。‎ ‎2.Thought of doing sth 意向,意图 eg: I had no thought of hurting your feelings. 我无意伤你的感情。‎ thousand num.千;一千 短语:1.thousands of students 成千上万的学生 e.g.two thousand students 两千学生 主要考点和hundred, million, billion 一样,主要是考查其表示“约数”和“确数”时的用法。‎ ‎____people in my hometown are watching the football matches during FIFA Word Cup.‎ A. Ten thousands B. Thousand of C. Thousands of D. Ten thousands of 题解:考查thousand表示确数时的用法:数词+thousand, 其后不加s,也不用of,简单记为“两无”;而表示约数时是thousands + of,简单记为“两有”。答案为C。‎ thread n.线;纱 短语:1.a needle and thread针线 2.thread of sth 细如针线的东西 three num.三;三个 through prep. & ad 穿过;在…之间 throw (threw, thrown) v. 投;掷;‎ 短语:1. throw away 抛弃,浪费; 2. throw down 摔倒,推翻 ‎3.throw oneself into 专心于; e.g.Themselves into their work. 他们专心致志地工作起来。‎ ‎4.throw up 抛起,举起,辞去:‎ e.g.You’ve thrown up a very promising career. 你放弃了一个很有前途的职业。‎ ‎5.throw off 匆匆脱掉:e.g.She threw off her coat.她随手脱掉大衣。‎ Thursday num.星期四 ticket n.票;券 短语:1.a ticket to /for 去.....的票 tidy adj.整洁的;整齐的 ( ier/iest)‎ adv: tidily n. tidiness tie v. & n. 系;捆 短语:1.tie up 包扎,束紧:‎ e.g.We tied (the boat)up along the side of the quay.我们把船泊在码头处。‎ ‎2.tie sb./oneself down 束缚,牵制; 3.tie into 猛烈进攻 tiger n.老虎;勇士 till conj. & prep直到;直到…才 time n.时间 短语:1.all the time 一直; 2.at the same time 同时; 3. behind time 迟到 ‎4.for a long time 许久; 5. from time to time 时常; 6. have a good time 过得很愉快 ‎7. in time 及时; 8.on time 准时; 9.once upon a time 从前 ‎10.for the first time 初次 tiny adj.极小的;微小的 tired adj.累的;困倦的 短语:1.be tired of sb/ sth/ doing sth对某人/某事不耐烦或感到厌倦 ‎2. tired out 筋疲力尽 v. tire ‎3.tire fo doing sth adj: tireless 不易疲倦 tiresome 另人讨厌的,烦人的 today adv. & n.在今天;在今日 together adv. 一齐;在一块儿 短语:1.together with和,连同 2.come together toilet n厕所,.梳装打扮 tomato n.番茄;西红柿 (pl) tomatoes tomorrow adv.在明天;在明日 短语:1.the day after tomorrow 后天 ton n. 长吨;短吨 短语:1.tons of sth 大量,很多 tongue n.舌;舌头 短语:1.native/ mother tongue/ language 母语 adj tongued 有某种说话方式的 短语:1.sharp-tongued言语尖刻的 tonight adv.在今夜;在今晚 too adv.太;过于 短语:1.too...... to太。。。而不能 2.too many/much 太多;‎ tool n.工具;用具 tooth (pl. teeth) n牙;牙齿. 短语:1. have (a/the)toothache牙痛 toothache牙痛 toothbrush n.牙刷 toothpaste n.牙膏 top n.顶端;顶部 短语:1. top of sth最高的或最重要的级别或地位 2. at the top of the tree 居于行业的最高地位 ‎3. at the top of one’s voice以最大的嗓音 4. from top to toe 从头到脚5. on top of sth/sb在某人/物的上方 total adj. n. & v.完全的;总体的 短语:1.in total 总共 touch v.接触;触及 短语:1.touch off 触发:e.g.Some slight incident may touch off a major war. 有些小事可触发大事。‎ ‎2.be in touch with 接触,取得联络:e.g.I am always in touch with her.我与好她一直保持联络。‎ tour n.旅游;观光 短语:1.tour in sth 在某地旅行 2. be on a tour to sw 去某地观光旅游 adj: touristy tourist n.旅游者;渡假者 toward(s) prep朝向;朝着 eg: The child came running towards me. 那孩子向我跑来。‎ towel n. 毛巾;纸巾 短语:1.a hand/bath towel手/浴巾 2.towel oneself/sb(down) with sth 用毛巾擦干自己 tower n.塔台;塔楼 短语:1.the church’s bell tower 教堂的钟楼 adj. towering 极高的,高大的 town n.城镇;市镇 短语:1.town center 镇上的主要商业区2.town hall 镇公所,市政厅 toy n.玩具;小东西 trade n.& v 交易;贸易 短语:1. trade (in sth )with sb/sth 做生意,做买卖2.trade in sth 行业,生意 eg: be in the book trade ‎3. trade at sth eg: which store do you trade at? 你常在哪个商店买东西。‎ ‎4.trade sth for sth 用一物交换另一物 n. trader买卖人,商人 trading 经商,做买卖 traditional adj.传统的;习俗的 n. tradition 传统 eg: By tradition, people play practical jokes on 1 April 按传统风俗,在四月一号可以开恶作剧玩笑。‎ traffic n.交通;贸易 短语:1.heavy /light traffic 往来车辆多/不多。‎ train n. & v.训练;教育 短语:1.train sb as sth/in sth eg: She trained for a year as a secretary. 她受过一年做护士的培训。‎ He was trained as an engineer /in engineering.他受过当工程师的培训 training n.训练;培养 词型变换:trainer接受训练的人 trainee训练人或动物的人 translate v.翻译;解释 短语:1.translate sth from sth into sth n translation translator travel v.旅行;游历 e.g. We traveled all over the country.我们遍游全国各地。‎ traveller n.旅行者;旅游者 treasure n.珍宝;宝藏 (C)buried treasure 埋藏的财宝 (U) art treasures 艺术珍品 v.‎ 短语:1.treasure sth(up)珍藏某事物 treat v.对待;视为 短语:1.treat…as… 把某事物视作,视某事物为 ‎2.treat sb. like a dog 视某人为草芥:e.g.They treat their workers like dirt. 他们把工人看得粪土不如。‎ 近义词辨析:treat…as…与consider…(as)… , regard…as…‎ treat表示“在某种认识的基础上看待或对待”,重在行动,而不在认识,e.g.They will not be treated as enemies.他们不会被当做敌人对待。consider 侧重“经过考虑而认为”,表示“一种比较客观的看法”,‎ e.g.I consider what he said (as) reasonable. 我认为他说的有道理。‎ reagrad 指“把… …认为”、“把… …看作”,表示“以外部形象得出认识或个人的主观认识”,‎ e.g. He was regarded as the foremost authority on chemistry. 他被认为是化学界最高权威。‎ tree n.树;树木 trip n. 绊倒;失足 短语:trip over/up 绊倒 trouble v. & n.困难;麻烦 短语:1.be in trouble 陷入困难中; 2.have trouble(in)doing sth做某方面有困难;‎ ‎3. trouble to sb不便,麻烦某人; 4.get sb into trouble/trouble sb for sth(给某人)惹上麻烦;‎ ‎5.look for trouble 自寻麻烦; 6.make trouble for sb制造麻烦,‎ ‎7. take the trouble to do sth 捣乱不怕麻烦困难尽力做某事 trousers n. 长裤;裤子 truck n.卡车;货车 true adj. 真实的;如实的 短语:1.come true 实现; 2.true to sth 符合某事物;‎ ‎3.out of true位置不正; 4.true-heared忠实的,忠诚的 trust v.信任;信赖 短语:1.trust in sb/sth 信任信赖 adj. trustful 表示信任的,无疑心的 trusty可信任的,可信赖的 truth n.真实;真实性 短语:1.tell the truth 说实话 try v.设法;试图 短语:1.try on 试穿(某物):e.g.Try on the clothes before you buy them. 买鞋子要先穿上试试再买。‎ ‎2.try out 实验,尝试:e.g. Please try out, or you cannot take part in the match. 试试吧,不则你就不能参加此交比赛。‎ ‎3.try one’s best to do sth.竭尽所能做某事:‎ e.g.I had tried my best to work it out,but I couldn’t finish it.我已经尽力解答了,但还是不能解出来。‎ 相关词组有try to do sth ./try doing sth ./try one’s best to do sth./try on /have a try /…‎ ‎—May I ___this T-shirt? ‎ ‎—Sure, the dressing room is over there .‎ A. dress up B. find out C. put off D. try on ‎ 题解:A项为“打扮”;B为“找到,发现”;C为“延迟,延期”;根据题意知道应选D,即“试穿”。‎ T-shirt n. T恤衫 Tuesday n.星期二 turn n.转动;轮流 短语:1.take one’s turn to do/doing sth 轮流做某事 ‎2.It’s one’s turn to do sth 轮到某人做某事 ‎3.turn on/off 打开/关闭 4.turn up/down 调高/调低 5.turn over 翻转 6.turn back 转身 主要考点为相关词组之间的区别运用。turn down/turn on /turn up /turn in /in turn/turn…into…/turn +颜色/……‎ Don’t ___ the radio .The baby is sleeping now. ( 北京市)‎ A. turn off B .turn on C. turn over D. turn down 题解:主要考查这几个词组的含义。根据题意知道应选turn on (打开)。‎ twelfth n.第十二 twelve num.十二;十二个 twentieth第二十 twenty num.二十;二十个 twice ad两次;两倍 two num二;两个.‎ U ugly adj. 讨厌的;丑的 (-ier, iest ) :an ugly face 一张难看的脸 短语:1.an ugly duckling 丑小鸭 umbrella n. 伞;保护伞:短语:1.put up / take down an umbrella 把伞张开/ 合起 uncle n. 伯乐;叔父 (对) aunt under prep. 在…下面;在…下方 ‎(反)over : e.g. Our boat went under the bridge. 我们的桥通过桥下。‎ underground adj. & n. 在地面下:短语:1.take the underground train ( US subway ) 乘地铁:‎ ‎.It’s usually quite convenient to take the underground train to most places in Paris. 在巴黎乘地铁去大部分地方通常是相当方便的。‎ understand (understood, understood) v 理解. (不用于进行时)短语:1..make one self understand 使别人理解自己的意思 unhappy adj. 不幸福的;可怜的 ;不愉快的 (-ier, -iest ) :‎ e.g.Everyone is unhappy in our neighborhood. 在我们社区每个人都不高兴。‎ ‎--- (adv) unhappily (n) unhappiness unit n. 单位;单元:e.g.This lesson is divided into four units. 这一课分为四个单元。‎ university n. 1大学 :e.g. She hopes to go to university next year. 她希望明年能上大学。‎ ‎2 大学人员 e.g. Soon , the whole university knew about her win. 不久,全院师生都知道她获胜了。‎ unless conj .除非;若不:‎ Unless we deal with our problems, we can easily become unhappy. 如果我们不处理我们的问题,我们可能很容易变得不快活。‎ until prep & conj 1. 直到…时(动词通常是延续性动词):‎ e.g.Wait until the rain stops. 等到雨停了再说。‎ ‎2.(用于否定句) 在…以前: e.g.Don’t go out until four. 在四点钟以前不要出去。‎ 主要考点为在“not…until…”结构中的运用。‎ Mary didn’t go to bed ___ everything was ready for the party .(北京市)‎ A.when B. if C. because D. until ‎ 题解:根据题意“直到为聚会做好准备Mary才上床睡觉。”知道应选D。其余几项均不合题意。‎ up adv. 1. 在上方;起身:‎ 短语:1.get up 起床 / stand up 站起来 ‎2 .(位置,条件等)在上方 :e.g.The sun is still up. 太阳仍在上方。‎ ‎3.(动词短语)完全地;全部:.e.g.Don’t let yesterday use up too much of today. 不要让昨天用光太多今天的时光。‎ 短语:1. up and down 上下地,往返地 :e.g.He uses the lift to go up and town. 他用电梯上上下下。‎ ‎2. up to… 直到 e.g.I didn’t know the fact up to then. 一直到那时,我还不知道事实。‎ prep. 沿着: e.g.They walked up the road. 他们沿着那条路走去(走来)。‎ upon prep 在…上 : e.g.There is not a chair to sit upon.没有一把椅子可坐。‎ 短语:1.once upon a time. 从前 upstairs adv. 往楼上;在楼上:(反)downstairs :‎ 短语:1.go upstairs 上楼 us pron.我们 (we的宾格)‎ use v. 使用:e.g.May I use your bike ? 我可以用一下你的自行车吗?‎ 短语:1.use up 用光,用完:e.g.Don’t let yesterday use up too much of today. 别让昨天占用太多今天的时间。‎ ‎2. use… to do sth 用…做某事e.g.We use keys to lock the door. 我们用钥匙锁门。‎ n 使用;用途:‎ 短语:1.make use of 使用,利用:‎ e.g.You must make good use of the machine. 你们必须很好地利用机器。‎ ‎2. put … to use 加以使用:‎ e.g. Huiping loves to read, and she puts this love to good use by working in the after-school care center.‎ 蕙萍喜欢读书,她通过在课后辅导中心工作使这个爱好得到较好的利用。‎ used adj. 1. 用过了的,二手的:‎ 短语:1.used cars 旧汽车 ‎2. used to sth doing sth (对某事)已习惯 :‎ e.g.You must get used to getting up early. 你必须习惯于早起。‎ v 3.used to do 以前常… : e.g.I used to be afraid of the dark.. 我过去害怕黑暗。‎ useful adj.可用的;有益的:(反)useless 短语:1.a useful book 一本有用的书。‎ usual adj.通常的;平常的:e.g.It is usual for me to sit up late at night. 我通常是晚睡的。‎ 短语:1.as usual 像往常一样:e.g.You are late as usual. 你像平常一样又迟到了。‎ ‎2. … than usual 比平常…:e.g.He got up earlier than usual. 他比平常早起床。‎ usually adv. 通常地;平常地:e.g.What do you usually do on Sundays ? 你星期天通常做什么?‎ V vacation n. 假期;节日:e.g.What did you do for summer vacation ? 你暑假做了什么?‎ 短语:1.on vacation 在度假 2. take have a vacation 度假 value n. 价值;益处: e.g.You do not know the value of health .你不知道健康的重要性。‎ various adj. 不同的;各种各样的:‎ e.g.Their hobbies are many and various. 他们的业余爱好五花八门。‎ VCD n. (缩略词) video compact disc 视频高密光盘 vegetable n .蔬菜:e.g.I grow vegetables in the garden. 我在庭院里种植蔬菜。‎ very adv . 很;非常 :‎ 短语:1.very small 很小 2.very soon 极早 3.very much 非常(修饰动词)‎ victory n. 战胜;胜利 (复) -ries :‎ e.g.The school football team has had three victories this month against other schools. 校足球队这个月三次战胜其他学校。‎ video n. 录像;录影 (复)-s : 短语:1.make a music video制作音乐录象 village n. 乡村;村庄 :‎ 短语:1.a village named Gum Tree 一个叫桉树的村庄 n villager 村人;村民 violin n. 小提琴 :短语:1.play the violin 拉小提琴 n violinist 小提琴家 visit v. 参观;游 : e.g. When you visit London, one of the first things you will see is Big Ben.‎ 当你参观伦敦时,首先看到的东西之一就是`大本钟'。‎ We visited our friends in town. 我们去看望了城里的朋友。‎ 短语:1. on a visit to参观/访问:e.g.He was on a visit to the factory at that time.那时他正在参观这家工厂。‎ visitor n. 参观者;游客:e.g.There were many visitors today. 今天来了许多客人。‎ voice n .嗓音;说话声:e.g.It’s too hard to understand the voices. 很能听懂他们说的话。‎ 短语:1. a high voice 高声 ‎2. a loud voice 大声 3. say in a weak voice. 低声地说 ‎4. lose one’s voice. 嗓子哑了 5. at the top of one's voice 高声地 W wait v .等候;等待:e.g. Wait a minute. 请稍候。I’m sorry to keep you waiting. 抱歉,让你久等了。‎ 短语:1. wait for… :等 Who are you waiting for ? 你在等谁呢?‎ ‎2. wait for sb. to do sth :等某人做某事 wake (woke waked , woken waked )‎ v 1. 醒, 醒来 :e.g. What time do you usually wake ( up ) in the morning ? 你平常早晨几点钟醒?‎ ‎2. 唤醒或弄醒某人 :e.g.Try not to wake the baby (up) ? 别把孩子吵醒了。‎ walk v. 走;行走:e.g.I walk to school. = I go to school on foot. 我步行到学校去。‎ n 1. 行走;步行:e.g.It is a long walk to the town. 到城里要走很长的路程。‎ ‎2. 散步: e.g.Let's go for a short walk. 咱们去散散步吧!‎ ‎3. 步行距离:e.g.a 20-minute walk from here 从这里走20分钟的路程 wall n. 墙壁;围墙: e.g.We have painted all the walls white. 我们把所有的墙壁都漆成了白色。There was a wall around the park. 公园四周有围墙。‎ want v. 1.(常与to连用)要,想要;想得到:‎ e.g. Did You Want to Tell Me something? 你想告诉我什么吗?His wife wanted him to repair their son's bicycle!‎ 他妻子叫他去给他们的儿子修理自行车! They want good jobs. 她们想要好的工作。‎ ‎2. 需要:e.g.The house wants painting. 房子需要油漆了。 I want sb. to help me. 我需要有人帮助我。‎ war n .战争;冲突:e.g.They are at with the country . 他们与那个国家在交战。‎ 短语:1.World War II = the Second World War 第二次世界大战。‎ warm adj. 1.温暖的;暖和的:e.g. a warm day 一个暖和的日子 It is getting warmer day by day. 天气一天比一天暖和起来了。‎ ‎2. 热烈的;亲切的:e.g.We received a warm welcome. 我们受到热烈的欢迎。‎ 短语:1.warm-hearted 热心的:e.g. You can ask that old man, He is very warm-hearted.你以问 那位老人,他是位热心人。‎ adv warmly 温暖地;热烈地 warn v. 警告;提醒 :‎ e.g.I warn you. 我警告你。 He warned me not to go there. = He warned me against going there. 他警告我不要去那里。‎ I warned him that it was dangerous. 我警告他那是危险的。‎ wash v. 洗;洗涤:e.g.Wash your hands. 洗洗你的手。 He washed the dishes. 他洗了盘子。‎ waste v. 浪费;挥霍: e.g.Hurry up, we are wasting time. 快点吧,我们别再浪费时间了。‎ n 1. 浪费;滥用: e.g.It’s a waste of time doing that. 做那事是浪费时间。‎ ‎2. 废料;废物: e.g.factory waste 工厂废气物 adj 1.荒芜的:e.g.waste land 荒地 ‎2. 废弃的;不能用的: e.g.waste water 废水 watch v .注视;看:‎ 短语:1.watch a game 观看一场比赛 ‎2.watch television 看电视 ‎3.watch out 戒备,提醒,小心 ‎4 .watch for sth .盼望或等待某事物 e.g.I watched him come / coming out of the bank. 我看着他从银行出来。‎ n 手表 短语:1 on watch 值班 water n. 水;雨水: 短语:1.drinking water 饮用水2.by water 乘船;由海路 v 浇水: 3.water the flower 浇花 watermelon n. 西瓜: e.g.a slice of watermelon 一块西瓜 way n. 1. 道;径:‎ ‎2. 方向: e.g.This way, please. 请这边走。‎ ‎3. 手段;方法: e.g.Do it (in) this way. 照这样做。‎ There are many ways to do (of doing) it. 做这件事有许多方法。‎ ‎4. 方式: e.g.the way he speaks 他说话的方式 短语:1.all the way 一路上 : e.g.He ran all the way to school. 他一路跑到学校。‎ ‎2. by the way 顺便提起 ‎3. in a way 从某个观点 ‎4. in the (one’s) way 防碍 ‎5. on the (one’s) way 在途中 ‎6.the way to 去…的路 we pron. 我们;咱们 weak adj. 弱的;小的: e.g.too weak to walk far 身体很虚弱不能走远道 短语:1.be weak in 在某方面有欠缺 ‎2. in a weak voice 用虚弱的声音 wealth n .财富;充裕: 短语:1.a man of great wealth 大富翁 adj wealthy 富有的 wear (wore, worn) v. 1.穿戴 I always wear brown shoes. 我总是穿棕色的鞋。She is wearing a new dress today. 她今天穿了新衣服。2. 蓄留He wears a beard. 他留胡子。‎ 短语:1.wear out a.穿坏:e.g. He has worn out his shoes. 他的鞋穿坏了。‎ b. 精疲力竭:He is worn out. 他精疲力竭。‎ 中考例:—Why do you often ____that pink blouse?(北京市西城区)‎ ‎—Because it fits me well .‎ A. put on B. wear C. buy D. try on 题解:本题考查了wear表示“穿着状态”的用法。而put on强调“穿上”的动作,try on 意为“试穿”。根据题意应选B。‎ weather n.天气;气象:e.g.What’s the weather like today ? 今天天气怎么样? 短语:1.weather forecast 天气预报 Wednesday n.星期三 :短语:1.on Wednesday 在星期三 week n. 星期;周:短语:1.this week 本星期 weekday n. 工作日: e.g.What did you do on weekdays ? 你工作日做什么?‎ weekend n. 周末:e.g.The office is closed at the weekday. 这个办事处周末不办公。‎ weigh v 1. 称…重量:e.g.He weighed himself on the scale. 他在磅秤上量体重。‎ ‎2. 测出重量: e.g.How much do you weigh ? 你体重多少?‎ weight n.重力;重量:e.g.What is your weight ? 你体重多少?‎ welcome adj .欢迎;热情短语:1.a welcome guest 受欢迎的客人 2.You are welcome.不用谢 v 欢迎 :e.g.Welcome to China ! 欢迎到中国来!‎ well adv (better best)‎ ‎1.好;很好:e.g.He speaks English well. 他英语说得很好。‎ ‎2. 顺利地;适当地: e.g.I hope everything goes well. 我希望每件事都进展得很顺利。‎ ‎3. 很: e.g.I know him well. 我非常了解他。‎ 短语:1.1 .as well 同样的,也:e.g.He takes a walk after supper as well.‎ ‎2 .as well as 和… …同样的好:e.g.He speaks English as well as I.他英语讲得和我一样好。‎ adj(better best) 健康的e.g.You look well. 你气色很好。‎ west n 短语:1. the west 西;西方:e.g.The sun rises in the east and sets in the west. 太阳从东方升起,从西方落下。‎ ‎2. the West 美国西部:e.g.She’s lived in the west for ten years now.她在西部已住了十年了。‎ ‎3. The West 西方国家 adj 西方的: e.g.the west side of London 伦敦的西部 western adj. 西方的;在西方的: e.g.the western United States 美国的西部 wet adj. (wetter / wettest ) 浸泡;湿的:e.g.wet clothes 湿衣服 whale n.鲸 what pron. 1.什么:e.g.What is your name ? 你叫什么名字?‎ ‎2. 所…的物:e.g.What he said is not true .你所说的话不真实。‎ 短语:1.what…for ? 为何:e.g.What did you go there for ? 你为何去那里?‎ ‎2. what if… ? 如果…该怎么办?:e.g.What if I don’t know anyone ? 如果我不认识任何人怎么办?‎ adj 1. 什么.: e.g.What color is it ? 它是什么颜色?‎ ‎2. 多么: e.g.What a tall tree! 多么高的树啊!‎ whatever conj & pron不管什么:‎ e.g.Whatever happens, I will go. = No matter what happens, I will go.‎ 不管发生什么,我都要去。‎ wheat n.小麦: e.g.a tonne of wheat 一吨小麦 wheel n轮;机轮: e.g.A bicycle has two wheels. 自行车有两个车轮。‎ when conj 当…时:e.g.When I was a boy, I was weak. 当我小的时候,身体不好。‎ adv. 什么时候:‎ e.g.When will he arrive ? 他什么时候会到?‎ whenever conj. 无论什么时候:e.g.You may come whenever you come 你无论什么时候来都可以.。‎ where adv 1. 在哪里;到哪里:e.g.Where do you live ? 你住哪里?‎ ‎2. 在…的地方:e.g.I like places where the weather is always warm. 我喜欢天气暖和的地方。‎ whether conj. 是否: e.g.I asked him whether he would come. 我问他是否要来。‎ which adj, pron 1. 哪一个;哪一些 :‎ e.g.Which do you want? 你要哪个? Which child knows the answer? 哪个孩子知道答案?‎ ‎2. …的那个: e.g.the book which I like best 我最喜欢的那本书 while conj 1. 当…时:e.g.While he was eating, I asked him to lend me $2. 当他正在吃饭时,我请他借给我二英镑。‎ ‎2. 虽然;但是:e.g.You like tennis, while I'd rather read. 你爱打网球,但我爱看书。‎ n 一会儿: 短语:1.after a while 过了一会儿 white adj 白色的;雪白的:‎ n 白色: e.g.She was dressed i9n white. 她穿白衣服。‎ who pron. 谁;什么人: e.g.Who is that man? 那人是谁?‎ pron …的人: e.g.a man who wants to see you 那个要见你的人 whole adj 1. 整个的: e.g. a whole cake 整个蛋糕 They told me the whole story. 他们给我讲了整个的故事。‎ ‎2. 全部的: e.g. the whole truth 全部真相 n 1. 整体;全部: e.g.the whole of that area 整个那个地区 ‎2 . 总和;总计: e.g.2 halves make a whole. 两个一半合为一个整数。‎ whom pron.谁:(who 的宾格,在口语中常用 who 代替) e.g.the man with whom she talked 跟她说话的那个人 whose adj, pron 1.谁的: e.g.Whose is this? 这是谁的?‎ e.g.Whose bicycle is this? 这是谁的自行车?‎ ‎2. 那人的;那些人的:e.g.the man whose house was burned down 他的房子被烧毁的那个人 why adv 为什么 :e.g.Why did you do it? 你为什么这样做?‎ conj 为什么;…的理由 :e.g.Do you know why he was late? 你知道他为什么迟到吗?‎ wide adj 1.宽的:e.g.3 meters wide ‎3米宽 ‎2. 广阔的;广泛的:e.g.wide interests 广泛的兴趣wide knowledge 广博的知识 wife n. 妻子;妇人 (wives )‎ will (would) modal v. 1.将要,将会: e.g.They say that it will rain. 他们说要下雨。‎ ‎2.要,希望:e.g.Will you come now? 你要现在来吗?Will you have some tea? 你喝点茶,好吗?‎ ‎3.会,会发生:e.g.These things will happen. 这种事情总会发生的 ‎4.能,可以:e.g.This bus will hold 40 people. 这辆大客车可以坐40人。‎ win (won, won winning) 1.获胜,赢:‎ e.g.Who won the race ? I won but David came second. 谁在赛跑中获胜了?我获胜了,不过大卫跑第二。‎ ‎2.夺得,赢得:短语:1.won a prize. 他得了奖。‎ wind n. 风: e.g.A cold wind blew from northwest. 冷风从西北方向吹来。‎ window n. 窗;窗户: e.g.Please shut the window. 请关上窗户。‎ windy adj. 多风的;大风的: e.g.It is windy today. 今天多风。‎ wine n. 葡萄酒;果酒: e.g.Wine is made from grapes .这水果酒是由葡萄制成的。‎ wing n. 翅;翼: e.g.The bird spread its wings. 那鸟展开它的翅膀。‎ winner n 得胜者:e.g.Who was the winner ? 谁是胜利者?‎ winter n. 冬天;冬季:e.g.I often ski in (the) winter. 冬天时我经常滑雪。‎ wise adj. 聪明的;有智慧的:e.g.wise advice 明智的建议 wish v 1. 但愿;要是…多好:e.g.I wish you a very happy future. 祝你一生幸福。I wish I were a cat. 如果我是只猫多好。‎ ‎2.(常与for连用)想要: e.g.You have everything you could wish for. 你想要的已经全有了。‎ ‎3. 希望: e.g.When do you wish to leave?‎ n 1.(现在不可能实现的)愿望: e.g.a wish to see the world 想到世界各地看看的愿望 ‎2. 所愿望的事物: e.g.The girl got her wish. 那女孩如愿以偿。‎ with prep. 1.同, 与, 和, 跟:e.g. talk with a friend 与朋友谈话.‎ ‎2. [说明表示动作的词, 表示伴随]随着, 和...同时:e.g. change with the temperature 随着温度而变化 ‎3. [表示使用的工具, 手段]用:e.g. cut meat with a knife 用刀割肉 ‎4. [说明名词, 表示事物的附属部分或所具有的性质]具有; 带有; 加上; 包括...在内:‎ e.g. tea with sugar 加糖的茶水 a country with a long history 历史悠久的国家 ‎5. [表示随身携带]在...身边: e.g.Take an umbrella with you. 随身带把伞去。‎ ‎6. with smile 面带微笑地 ‎7. [后面加复合宾语, 表示伴随关系]: e.g. sleep with the window open开着窗睡觉 without prep. 1.没有带;不: e.g. go out without a coat 没穿大衣出去 ‎2. 没有做: e.g. He went away without taking leave. 他不辞而别。‎ wolf n. 狼: e.g.three wolves 三只狼 woman n 成年女子;妇女: 短语:1.Women’s Day 妇女节 wonder n 1.惊奇;惊叹: 短语:1..to look at sth. in wonder 惊奇地看着某物 ‎2. 奇观;壮举;奇才:‎ e.g. the seven wonders of the world 世界七大奇观 It's a wonder you recognized me. 难得你还认得我。‎ 短语:1.(It's) no wonder 难怪;并不奇怪;当然:‎ e.g.No wonder he is not hungry; he has been eating sweets all day. 难怪他不饿,他整天在吃糖果。‎ v1.(常与at, that连用)觉得奇怪;惊奇:e.g.I wonder at his rudeness. 我对他的粗鲁感到奇怪。‎ ‎2. 纳闷;想知道:e.g.I wonder why James is always late for school.我想知道为什么詹姆斯上学总是迟到。‎ wonderful adj. 1.非凡的;奇异的:‎ e.g. wonderful news 极好的消息 wood n. 1.木;木头: e.g.The chair is made of wood. 这个椅子是由木头做的。‎ 短语:1.chop wood 劈柴 ‎2.树林(常用复数): e.g.He went for a walk in the woods. 他到树林里去散步。‎ wooden adj.木制的;木头似的: e.g.The room is full of wooden furniture. 那个房间挤满了木制家具。‎ word n. 1.词;单词 ;话,言语: e.g.Tell me in your own words. 用你自己的话告诉我。‎ ‎2.简短的话,几句话:e.g.'I can't hear a word!' I said angrily. '我一句也听不见了!'我愤怒地说。‎ ‎3. 消息:e.g.No word has come from the battle front. 前线还没有消息传来。‎ ‎4. 承诺:e.g.The boy kept his word. 那孩子信守诺言。‎ work v. 1.工作: e.g.They work from morning till night. 他们从早到晚工作。.‎ ‎2 服务于:e.g.He works for a publishing company. 他在出版社服务。‎ ‎3. 动作;生效:e.g.My watch doesn’t work.我的表坏了。‎ The shampoo worked really. 那个洗发水真的很好用。‎ 短语:1.work out 解答,计算出:‎ e.g.Though we thought it over, we still couldn’t work it out.虽然我们仔细想了,但还是做不出答案。‎ ‎2.work hard at 努力学习…:e.g.As a student, we must work hard at all the subjects .‎ 做为一名学生,我们必须努力学习每门功课 n 1.工作:e.g.Few people like hard work. 很少人喜欢粗重的工作。‎ ‎2. 职业:e.g.He found work an the bank. 他在银行找到工作。‎ ‎3. 作品:e.g.the works of Shakerspeare 莎士比亚的作品 短语:1..at work 在工作:e.g.At this time of day,my parents are both at work.每天的这个进候,我的你父母都在上班。‎ ‎2. out of work 失业:‎ e.g.Lots of people are out of work in the USA today.如今在美国有很多人失业。‎ worker n. 工人;工作者: e.g.a factory worker 工厂工人 world n. 1.世界: e.g.This car is used all over the world. 这种小汽车全世界都使用。‎ ‎2. 人;全世界的人: e.g.The whole world knows about it. 全世界都知道这件事。‎ ‎3. …界;…社会 短语:1.the scientific world 科学界 worry v .担心;忧虎:e.g.Don’t worry if you can’t finish it. 你做不完也不必担心。‎ 短语:1.worry about :担心;烦恼:e.g.Don’t worry about that thing. 别为那事发愁。‎ adj worried 发愁的:e.g.be worried about one’s job 为某人的工作担心。‎ worth adj 1.值…钱. : e.g.Our house is worth about 60 000 pounds. 我们的房子约值60 000英镑。‎ ‎2. 值得(做某事):e.g.The book is worth reading.= It is worth reading the book. 这本书值得一读。‎ would modal v. 1.(用于虚拟语气) :‎ e.g. What would you do if you had o lot of money ? 如果你有很多钱,你会做什么?‎ ‎2.(用于礼貌的请教):e.g.Would you (please) tell me the way ? 可否请教你告诉我怎么走?‎ ‎3. (will 的过去式) : e.g.He said that he would go. 他说他要过去。‎ 短语:1.would like 想要 wound n. 伤;创伤:e.g.The wound was healing slowly. 伤口慢慢愈合了。‎ v 伤;创伤:e.g.The guard was wounded in the leg. 护卫员腿部受了伤。‎ write (wrote, written) v. 写;书写:‎ e.g.He sometimes writes for newspapers. 他偶尔替报社写文章。‎ e.g.I’ll write you a letter. = I’ll write a letter to you. = I’ll write to you.我会写信给你的。‎ 短语:1. write down 记下;写下 2. write to… 写信给…‎ writing n.笔迹;书法: e.g.I can never read your writing. 我怎么也看不懂你的笔迹。‎ wrong adj .错的;不合适的:e.g.He took the wrong train. 他搭错了火车。‎ e.g. Something is wrong with my bike. 我的自行车坏了?What’s wrong with you ? 你怎么了?‎ X X-ray n. X光;X射线 Y yard n.码 year n. 年 短语:1. last year 去年 2. this year 今年 3. next year 明年 4. the year after next 后年 ‎5. the year before last 前年6. year after year 逐年;一年又一年地;年年, 每年 7. all the year round 整年, e.g. It’s cold and dry all the year round. 8. for years很长时间 表时间段,与完成时连用 e.g. We've been friends for years.‎ ‎9. over the years 进年来, 这几年来 表时间段,与完成时连用 e.g. He’s made some great movies over the years.‎ ‎10. in recent years 进年来 表时间段,与完成时连用 e.g. We've made great progress in recent years.‎ ‎11 in‎ the last few years 在过去的几年里 表时间段,与完成时连用 e.g. My life has changed a lot in the last few years.‎ ‎12. a fifteen-year-old boy 一个十五岁的男孩 也可说 a fifteen years old boy ‎13. fifteen- year-olds 十五岁的孩子们 e.g. I don’t think fifteen-year-olds should be allowed to choose their own clothes.‎ 词性转换:yearly adj.每年的 e.g.They did quite well in the yearly exam.‎ adv.每年e.g.‎ yellow adj.黄的;蛋黄色的 yes adv.是;是的 用法:‎ ‎1.[表示肯定答复或同意]是, 是的: e.g. Do you speak English?‎ Yes, I do. (No, I don't.)你会说英语吗? 是, 我会。(不, 我不会。)‎ ‎2.[如果对方问话采用否定方式, yes 仍表示肯定答复, 但汉译承上启下, 因而相反] 不:‎ 注意:不管问题的提法如何,若事实是肯定的,就用yes回答;事实是否定的,就 用no 回答。‎ e.g. Isn't it raining?‎ Yes, it is (No, it isn't.) 天没下雨吗? 不, 天下雨了。(是的, 没有下。)‎ Haven't you met her?‎ Yes, I have. 你没遇见她吗? 不, 我已遇见了。‎ ‎3.Yes? 怎么了? 什么事?= What's up?‎ yesterday n. & adv. 在昨天;在昨日 短语:1.the day before yesterday 前天 ‎2 yesterday morning 昨天早晨 yet adv.到这时;还 短语:1. not yet尚未, 还没有 用法:1.yet表达“已经,还”这一意思时,须与现在完成时态的否定句或疑问句的句尾,‎ 而不是简单的过去时:e.g. He hasn't started yet√ He didn't start yet?‎ ‎2. yet 用于比较级前,表示程度。‎ e.g. He has yet more important things to do.他还有更重要的事要做 辨析:already, yet already 用于肯定句,表示“已经”。‎ yet 用于否定句作“还”解,用于疑问句作“已经”解。‎ e.g. I have already finished the work. 我已经完成作业了。‎ ‎--Has the school begun yet? 学校已经开学了么?‎ ‎--No, it has not begun yet. 不,还没开学。‎ you pron. 你;你们 短语:1.between you and me 咱俩私下说; 不向外人讲 注意:几个人称代词作主语时,其顺序一般是:单数:you, he and I;‎ 复数:we, you and they young adj.年轻的;幼小的 短语:1. Young Pioneer 少先队员 词性转换:youth n. 年轻人 e.g.the youth of the country 这个国家的青少年 your pron.你的;你们的 yourself pron.你亲自;你本人 用法:1.和某些动词连用构成固定搭配,有时不一定要把‘自己’翻译出来。‎ e.g. Help yourself to some fish, please.请随意吃点鱼。‎ The children are enjoying themselves in the party. 孩子们在聚会里过得很开心。‎ ‎2.中做同位语,表示自己亲自的意思。‎ e.g. The Chinese ourselves are proud of our nation. 我们中国人自己为我们的国家而骄傲。‎ 复数 yourselves pron.你们亲自 Z zebra n.斑马;‎ zero n. & num 零;零数.‎ zoo n. 动物园 注意: 复数加 ‘s’ 而不是 ‘es’‎ e.g. There are four zoos in this province.‎