浙江省嘉兴市中考英语真题试题含解析 17页

浙江省嘉兴市2019年中考英语试卷 一、完形填空（本题有15小题，每小题1分，共计15分）‎ ‎1.阅读下面短文，然后从各题所给的四个选项中选出一个最佳答案。‎ ‎    Last summer my son, Eric, left for university in another country. Our once lively house became quiet and1 . I missed him so much that I started sending him messages on the phone, mainly to say2  or to give him a word of warning.‎ ‎    One of my messages says, "So you told me you 3  your credit card (信用卡). If you don't try hard to mend your careless ways, one day you'll 4  and find your brain missing."‎ ‎    I did get Eric's messages, but most of them were about 5 . They were no different from the notes he used to leave 6  the white board when he was at home.‎ ‎    "I bought a new pair of shoes. They cost me $90. Please help!"‎ ‎    "Money is running short 7  I've bought some books for my research paper. Help me please!"‎ ‎  8 , however, Eric begins to send me all kinds of articles: some funny, some touching and some worth ‎ ‎9 . He says they will help me understand young men better and keep up with the times.‎ ‎    I read the articles slowly, like a 10  student, with mixed feelings as well-my kid, who followed me around not long ago, has now become my 11 !‎ ‎    So I write back, "I've read all those articles. I'll take 12  as a loving son's expectations towards his mother. He must be thinking that his mother is still 13  enough to accept new things. That makes me feel proud. What we parents lack (缺乏) most is the ability to learn and 14 , in both body and mind. Thank you, my son."‎ ‎    In this way we share ideas and 15  each other, with a gentle and beautiful language we seldom use. Every time I read those messages, I feel my heart filled with warmth.‎ ‎1. A. dark B. clean C. lonely D. comfortable ‎2. A. hello B. sorry C. thanks D. goodbye ‎3. A. lost B. lent C. designed D. received ‎4. A. give up B. wake up C. set off D. take off ‎5. A. health B. music C. money D. safety ‎6. A. on B. across C. behind D. opposite ‎7. A. if B. until C. though D. because ‎8. A. Luckily B. Actually C. Recently D. Immediately ‎9. A. copying B. writing C. thinking D. correcting ‎10. A. crazy B. popular C. nervous D. careful ‎11. A. doctor B. teacher C. customer D. classmate ‎12. A. us B. you C. him D. them ‎13. A. young B. pretty C. friendly D. honest ‎14. A. fight B. change C. exercise D. remember ‎15. A. watch B. invite C. protect D. encourage 二、阅读理解（本题有15小题，每小题2分，共计30分）‎ ‎2.阅读材料，然后从各题所给的四个选项中选出一个最佳答案。‎ ‎    Every year, more than 26,000 children arrive in Britain. We ask some new arrivals what they like best about their new lives and what's different from home.‎ Jarek, Poland ‎    I don't know anybody from Poland here, but I'm lucky because the English boy next door is very friendly and kind. We are in the same class! I like teachers here. At home, the teachers seem a bit strict and serious. There are a lot of rules, too. Here, teachers are patient and don't give much homework. We students go out of school and buy pizza or burgers at lunchtime. We can't do that in Poland.‎ Daisy & Luck, the USA ‎    My sister and I like living here. It's cool! My sister loves the British accent (口音). Everybody here is very polite. But we don't understand all your strange words-we say "yard" not garden, and "apartment" not flat. The food is better here. There's Chinese, Indian and Thai. At home we eat too much fast food.‎ Zinah, India ‎    It's too cold here! I hate doing sports, especially outside in winter. The teacher here is very serious about sports. I prefer science and maths. I love the maths class because the teacher is really funny, just like my maths teacher in India. The school is so big and some students seem unfriendly. I'm from a small village school. I think it's hard to communicate with them.‎ ‎（1）Among the above four children, ________ probably likes the new school life best. ‎ A. Luck                                  B. Zinah                                  C. Jarck                                  D. Daisy ‎（2）In Zinah's eyes, her maths teacher in India might be ________. ‎ A. cold                               B. strict                               C. patient                               D. humorous ‎（3）The passage is probably taken from ________. ‎ A. a travel magazineB. an education website C. a geography textbookD. a business newspaper ‎3.阅读材料，然后从各题所给的四个选项中选出一个最佳答案。‎ ‎    Everyone faces difficulties in their life. Daniel Kish was born with a special eye illness and lost his eyesight before he was only 14 months old.‎ ‎    Soon after, however, he started to do an amazing thing. He learned to make clicks (咔哒声) with his tongue to help him move around. Kish now moves about using sonar (声纳). He is so good at it that he can ride a bicycle by himself on public roads. And he started the organization World Access for the Blind (WAFTB) in 2000, teaching others how to use sonar. In the interview with National Geographic, he explains how the sonar works.‎ ‎    "When I make a click sound, it produces sound waves. These waves reflect (反射) off surfaces all around and return to my ears. My brain then deals with the sound and turns it into pictures in my mind. Each click is like a camera flash, which helps me make a 3-D picture of my surroundings for hundreds of feet. It's like having a conversation with the environment."‎ ‎    Kish feels it is exciting to ride a bike using sonar, although he needs to click twice a second, much more than he usually does. "It may sound a bit dangerous to move around the world in this way," he says. "But most people in the world live in fear of things that they imagine. I love hiking and mountain-biking. I go almost everywhere. And I've never had an accident and hurt myself."‎ ‎    He is happy to be able to help more blind children to improve their life. "We've served over 10, 000 students in nearly 40 countries," he tells the reporter. "Many students are surprised how quickly results come. Seeing isn't in the eyes. It's in the mind."‎ ‎（1）Kish moves around using sonar because ________. ‎ A. he is good at making clicksB. it makes him "see" the world C. he has a great interest in scienceD. it is important for him to keep healthy ‎（2）Which of the following is the right order showing how the sonar works? ‎ ‎①The sound waves reflect off surfaces.‎ ‎②The person makes a clicking sound.‎ ‎③The brain turns the sound into pictures.‎ ‎④The sound waves reach the person's ears.‎ A. ①④③②                           B. ②①④③                           C. ①④②③                           D. ②③①④‎ ‎（3）What can we learn about World Access for the Blind (WAFTB) from the passage? ‎ A. It offers the blind free bicycles.B. It sells sonar products to the blind. C. It teaches the blind to use sonar.D. It helps the blind find more friends.‎ ‎（4）The best title for the passage might be ________. ‎ A. Living without fearB. Traveling with the blind C. Hoping for the futureD. Looking around the world ‎4.阅读材料，然后从各题所给的四个选项中选出一个最佳答案。‎ ‎    Fresh green grass, Hundreds of colorful wild flowers. Water running into little pools. Birds making their homes in boxes. The 9, 500-square-metre Augustenborg Botanical Garden may look just like any other well-organized park but there's a difference. It lies on the roofs (屋顶) of industrial and office buildings in the city of Malmo in Sweden.‎ ‎    Green roofs are not a new invention. And now they are getting popular again. The common roofs of a modern city have endless black surfaces with no life or water. Perhaps that's why a garden on a roof becomes such a perfect choice for more and more people.‎ ‎    Green roofs are not just pretty. They also help to moderate the city temperature. The high temperatures on common roofs in the summer can make top floor flats uncomfortably hot. What is more, they play a part in making the cities hotter than the countryside around them, causing the "urban heat-island effect". On a green roof, however, with its plants and water, temperatures change only a little, as they do in a park. This can greatly cut the costs of heating and cooling in the building below.‎ ‎    Also, a green roof takes in rain water, and protects the city drainage (排水) system.   ▲    And small animals and birds can make their homes on it. Thanks to this, the city may become part of nature, rather than something completely separate from it.‎ ‎    While the cost of building such a roof can still be higher, it can be cheaper in the long term as a result of energy savings. And wouldn't it be wonderful to be able to walk out into a garden high above the city's noise and traffic, whether you're at school or in an office or just at home in a ten-floor block?‎ ‎（1）With the example of Augustenborg Botanical Garden, the writer wants to explain ________. ‎ A. how wildlife is protectedB. what a green roof is like C. how to organize a good parkD. what to do with a spare roof ‎（2）The underlined word "moderate "in Paragraph 3 is the closest in meaning to "________". ‎ A. raise                                 B. check                                 C. record                                 D. control ‎（3）Which of the following is the best sentence to fill in the blank in Paragraph 4? ‎ A. A green roof is alive.B. A green roof stops pollution. C. A common roof is noisy.D. A common roof increases the cost.‎ ‎（4）The purpose of the passage is to ________. ‎ A. discover the problems with green roofsB. introduce the change of green roofs C. show the amazing beauty of green roofsD. describe the advantages of green roofs ‎5.阅读材料，然后从各题所给的四个选项中选出一个最佳答案。‎ ‎    Mark Zuckerberg, who starts the social network Facebook, often wears jeans and a T-shirt to work, including to important business meetings. Not everyone agrees with him. Some people say he doesn't look serious this way.‎ ‎    Harvard Business School researcher, Francesca Gino, has a different idea. While most people seem to think that dressing differently from those around you generally has a bad influence, she believes it can actually have a positive (积极的) effect. And she's done experiments to support her idea. When her researchers, wearing sportswear, visited the expensive shops in Italy, they were usually viewed as wealthier and more important people than those who were well-dressed in designer clothes.‎ ‎    Do people always view less formal (正式的) clothing more positively? Researchers in France took their research out into the street, to the general public. The video they made shows an actor dressed in a well-cut suit and shiny shoes. While walking along the road, he begins to cough badly, stops to catch his breath and falls down. Before he even calls for help, people rush to help him. In another video, the actor appears at the same crowded place and repeats the actions in exactly the same way. But this time, no one comes to help. What's the difference? He's wearing untidy clothes and looks like a homeless person. In a situation like this, the clothes you're wearing could mean the difference between life and death.‎ ‎    It seems that our clothing doesn't only change the way others view us, but also the way we see ourselves. In an experiment testing students' ability to pay attention to details (细节), the group wearing white lab coats did the best. Why? Researchers told them that they were wearing the doctors' coats. The experiment didn't show whether such influences would last long. More experiments are needed in the future before we decide to make the doctors' coats a must of fashion.‎ ‎（1）Mark Zuckerberg is not considered serious by some people because ________. ‎ A. he does not listen to others' adviceB. he sets up a network of video games C. he wears jeans and a T-shirt to workD. he often plays jokes at business meetings ‎（2）Which of the following is Gino's opinion according to Paragraph 2? ‎ A. It is necessary to buy expensive clothes.‎ B. Wearing less formal clothes is in fact good.‎ C. It is bad to dress differently from people around you.‎ D. Wearing sports clothes makes you look less important.‎ ‎（3）In Paragraph 3, the writer proves (证明) his (her) opinion mainly. ‎ A. by giving reasons      B. by using pictures      C. by comparing facts      D. by listing numbers ‎（4）What can we learn from the passage? ‎ A. What we wear makes a difference.B. Formal clothing makes a wise man. C. Our value depends on what we wear.D. Our clothing influences our characters.‎ 三、词汇运用（本题有15小题，每小题1分，共计15分）‎ ‎6.用方框中所给词语的适当形式填空，每词仅用一次。‎ Nine     ours     beside     punish     after    all ‎（1）Don't lose heart. You are new to the work ________. ‎ ‎（2）According to the present law, drunk driving must ________ seriously. ‎ ‎（3）I always keep a dictionary ________ me when I'm doing crosswords. ‎ ‎（4）Last Sunday the whole family celebrated my sister's ________ birthday. ‎ ‎（5）The main difference between our brains and those of monkeys is that ________ are bigger. ‎ ‎7.阅读下面短文，然后根据括号内所给汉语意思写出单词的正确形式（每空一词）。‎ ‎    Cooking was once regarded as a necessary part of education in England. But in recent years, it has become less important in schools. As a result, ________ (基础的) cooking and food preparation skills are being lost. It is also making more children overweight, as parents use too much fast food that is ________ (有害的) to their health.‎ ‎    The government is worried and is looking for ways to ________ (解决) the problem. A new law has been passed. All secondary schools should offer cooking ________ (课程) to students aged from 11 to 14 years old. They hope that this will encourage people to cook instead of eating ________ (准备好的) meals, fast food and snacks.‎ ‎    Students will learn to cook for one hour a ________ (星期) for one term. They will learn to use simple and fresh ingredients (原料) to prepare healthy, tasty food, following ________ (说明). These cooking skills will be helpful in their future life. Schools are also setting up cooking clubs all over the country. The clubs will ________ (提供) more children with the chance to learn to cook.‎ ‎    There are still difficulties. Head teachers are worried about the things they will need for the cooking. And about 15% of schools do not have ________ (厨房) and there are not enough teachers.‎ ‎    The speaker from the government ________ (允诺) to train 800 teachers and to give schools2.5 million pounds a year to help children from poorer families to pay for ingredients.‎ 四、语法填空（本题有10小题，每小题1分，共计10分）‎ ‎8.阅读下面短文，在空白处填入一个适当的词，或填入括号中所给单词的正确形式。‎ ‎    A group of boys were playing basketball in the park. The playground was great, ________ there was no fence (栅栏) around it. If one boy missed the ball, someone had to catch it at once, so it wouldn't go too far away.‎ ‎    One boy threw the ball too hard and it flew like a rocket over the ________ (head) of all the other boy sand kept on flying.‎ ‎    Anna was sitting nearby and watching the ducks swim in the river. Suddenly, she ________ (hear) some shouting and turned to see a big, orange object coming towards ________ (she).‎ ‎    "Stop the ball," one of them shouted.‎ ‎    The ball landed close to the river. The ducks flew away quickly.‎ ‎    Anna opened her arms, just in time ________ (stop) the ball as it was going to fall into the river.‎ ‎    "Could you please bring it over here?" asked one boy ________ (polite).‎ ‎    Anna walked to them with the ball. She was nervous because the boys were ________ (old) than her. However, they were very nice and thanked her ________ saving the ball.‎ ‎    "Can I join you?" Anna asked.‎ ‎    The boys agreed, but they were not sure ________ he could throw the ball even close to the basket.‎ ‎    Anna took the ball and then had ________ try. The boys watched in surprise as the ball went straight into the basket. Anna smiled as the boys cheered loudly for her.‎ 五、任务型阅读（本题有5小题，每小题1分，共计5分）‎ ‎9.下面短文中有四处需要添加小标题。阅读短文，然后从方框中所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出符合各段意思的小标题，并完成最后一题。‎ ‎（1）从方框中所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出符合各段意思的小标题 A. Bad influences B. Sleeping hours C. The most tiring moments D. Good sleeping habits ‎    Sleep plays an important role in our life. A lack of sleep can influence our ability to work and study.________‎ ‎    Normal people need 7 to 9 hours of sleep every night. But for teenagers, a healthy amount (数量) is about 8 to 10 hours. Sadly, only 1/3 of people manage that.________‎ ‎    Tiredness usually reaches its highest twice a day, at 2 a.m. and 2 p.m. That explains why students easily fall asleep in afternoon classes. So sleeping at noon for a while helps us work better in the rest of the day.________‎ ‎    People can make mistakes if they don't get enough sleep. Students cannot pay attention in class or do well in sports. Drivers who have fallen asleep while driving have caused 1%-10% of the traffic accidents in our life. And we can imagine what will happen if a doctor feels sleepy at the operating-table!________‎ ‎    There are several ways that can help us sleep better, such as avoiding drinks that make us excited late in the day, going to sleep at the same time each night, and sleeping in a comfortable place that is dark, quiet and warm.‎ ‎（2）The passage mainly encourages us to ________________________________________ (不得超过5个单词) ‎ 六、书面表达（本题有1小题，共计15分）‎ ‎10.假设你是李华。你在某英文网站上看到一则招募中国志愿者（volunteer）的广告。请根据该广告中所提供的两个志愿者项目，选择其中一个，结合自己的实际情况，给项目负责人写一封电子邮件，表达你希望参加这个项目的愿望，并阐述理由。‎ Project1‎ Place: A small village in the west of Project2‎ Place: A primary school in the north ‎ China Activities:‎ ‎◆teach children English ‎◆visit the old people's home ‎◆work on the farm ‎ ofThailand Activities:‎ ‎◆set up a small library ‎◆give Chinese lessons ‎◆play games with children 注意：①邮件中必须包含招募广告中的信息，可适当发挥。②文中不得出现与你身份相关的信息。③词数：80~100。邮件的开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数。‎ Dear Sir/Madam,‎ ‎    I'm Li Hua, a middle school student from China. I want to be a volunteer ‎   ‎ ‎    Looking forward to your early reply!‎ Yours,‎ Li Hua 答案解析部分 一、完形填空（本题有15小题，每小题1分，共计15分）‎ ‎1.（1）C；（2）A；（3）A；（4）B；（5）C；（6）A；（7）D；（8）C；（9）C；（10）D；‎ ‎（11）B；（12）D；（13）A；（14）B；（15）D；‎ ‎【分析】文章大意：介绍了作者与在国外上学的儿子通过短信进行交流，通过这种方式，他们分享想法，互相鼓励。 （1）句意：我们曾经活跃的房子变得清冷。A 黑色；B 干净；C 孤单；D 舒服。根据前文的语句Last summer my son, Eric, left for university in another country. 提示可知，没有了儿子，家里变得清冷了许多，故选C。 （2）句意：我非常想念他，于是我开始给他用电话发短信，主要是打个招呼或给他一句提醒。A 招呼；B 对不起；C 谢谢；D 再见。根据语境可知，作者与国外学习的儿子发短信，应该是相互问候一下，故选A。 （3）句意：我的一条信息说，“所以你告诉我你的信用卡丢了。”如果你不努力改正你的粗心大意，总有一天你会醒来发现你的大脑不见了。”A 丢失；B 借出；C 设计；D 收到。根据下文语句 If you don't try hard to mend your careless ways, 的提示可知，他的粗心导致把信用卡弄丢了，故选A。 （4）句意：如果你不努力改正你的粗心大意，总有一天你会醒来发现你的大脑不见了。”A 放弃；B 清醒；C 出发；D 脱下。根据前文中的try hard to mend your careless ways可知，此句表示有朝一日，你会醒悟，应选B。 ‎ ‎（5）句意：我确实收到了埃里克的短信，但大部分都是关于钱的。A 健康；B 音乐；C 金钱；D 安全。由下文语句"I bought a new pair of shoes. They cost me $90. Please help!"提示可知，Eric的短信都与金钱有关，故选C。 （6）句意： 这和他在家时留在白板上的笔记没什么不同。A 在上面，B 通过；C 后面；D 相反。固定短语on the white board在白板上，故选A。 （7）句意：“资金短缺是因为我买了一些书作为研究论文。请帮帮我！A 如果；B 直到；C 通过；D 因为。根据文中的语句理解可知Money is running short 的原因是I've bought some books for my research paper. 故选D。 （8）句意：然而，最近，埃里克开始给我发各种各样的文章。A 幸运地；B 事实上；C 最近；D 立即，马上。通过读文章可知Eric以前发短信只是要钱，而现在是发文章，发生了很大的变化，其后时间上做了对比，故选C。 （9）句意：最近，埃里克开始给我发各种各样的文章：一些有趣的，一些感人的，一些值得思考的。 A 摘抄；B 书写；C 思考；D 修正。因发给的是一些文章，应该指的是值得思考的文字，故选C。 （10）句意：我慢慢地读着文章，像一个细心的学生，感同身受。A 疯狂；B 受欢迎；C 紧张；D 细心。根据文中的语句 I read the articles slowly, 可知，我读得非常的认真，仔细，故选D。 （11）句意：我的孩子，他不久前就跟着我，现在成了我的老师！A 医生；B 老师；C 顾客；D 同学。根据前文中的like a careful student可知此句表示我的儿子成了我的老师，故选B。 （12）句意：我读过所有这些文章。我要把他们当作儿子对母亲的期望。A 我们；B 你们；C 他；D 他们。根据语境可知此句描述的是文章，要用第三人称复数形式，故选D。 （13）句意：他一定在想他母亲还很年轻。可以接受一些新事物。A 年轻；B 漂亮；C 友好的；D 诚实的。根据下文语句 accept new things.接受新鲜事物与漂亮，和蔼以及诚实没有关系，只有与年龄有关，故选A。 （14）句意：我们父母最缺乏的是学习和改变身心的能力。A 打架；B 改变；C 借口；D 记住。根据上文 accept new things ，可知是随着时代变化，接受新事物并随之改变，因此用change，故选B。 （15）句意：通过这种方式，我们分享想法，互相鼓励，用一种我们很少使用的温和而美丽的语言。A 看，B 邀请，C 保护，D 鼓励；根据 Every time I read those messages, I feel my heart filled with warmth. 可知他们相互写信鼓励对方，故选D。‎ ‎【点评】考查完型填空，注意通读全文，辨别每个选项单词的词义及用法，根据上下文，选出正确的答案。选好答案之后，带着答案通读全文，检查一遍。‎ 二、阅读理解（本题有15小题，每小题2分，共计30分）‎ ‎2.（1）C（2）D（3）B ‎ ‎【分析】文章大意：介绍了Jarek，Daisy，Lucy和Zinah来到英国以后自己的学习生活体验。 （1）细节理解题。根据文中第一个方框中的语句 I like teachers here. 可知，Jarek喜欢这里的学校生活，故选C。 （2）细节理解题。根据文中的语句I love the maths class because the teacher is really funny, just like my maths teacher in India. 理解可知，Zinah认为他的数学老师比较滑稽，幽默，故选D。 （3）理解归纳题。通读全文可知，这篇文章主要介绍了四个到英国学习的学生自己的学习体会，应该与教育有关，故选B。‎ ‎【点评】考查阅读理解。本文考查细节题和主旨题等常考题型，细节题要注意从文中抓住关键词寻找答案；主旨题需要通读全文，了解大意之后找出主题句。‎ ‎3.（1）B（2）B（3）C（4）A ‎ ‎【分析】文章大意：丹尼尔虽然失明，但是他能利用声呐帮助他行动。他于2000年成立了世界盲人通道组织，教其他人如何使用声纳。他很高兴能够帮助更多的失明儿童改善他们的生活。 （1）细节理解题。根据文中的语句When I make a click sound, it produces sound waves. These waves reflect (反射) off surfaces all around and return to my ears. My brain then deals with the sound and turns it into pictures in my mind. Each click is like a camera flash, which helps me make a 3-D picture of my surroundings for hundreds of feet. It's like having a conversation with the environment." 理解可知，丹尼尔主要利用声呐来帮助他看清周围的世界，故选B。 （2）根据文中的语句He When I make a click sound, it produces sound waves. 可知，第一句应该是The person makes a clicking sound.根据文中的语句These waves reflect (反射) off surfaces all around and return to my ears. 理解可知，第二句应该是The sound waves reflect off surfaces.第三句是The sound waves reach the person's ears.根据语句My brain then deals with the sound and turns it into pictures in my mind. 理解可知，第四句应该是The brain turns the sound into pictures.它们的顺序是②①④③，故选B。 （3）细节理解题。根据文中的语句And he started the organization World Access for the Blind (WAFTB) in 2000, teaching others how to use sonar. 理解可知，丹尼尔创建WAFTB的目的就是教其他盲人学会利用声呐，故选C。 （4）标题归纳题。根据文中的语句Kish feels it is exciting to ride a bike using sonar, although he needs to click twice a second, much more than he usually does. "It may sound a bit dangerous to move around the world in this way," he says. "But most people in the world live in fear of things that they imagine. I love hiking and mountain-biking. I go almost everywhere. And I've ‎ never had an accident and hurt myself."理解可知，本文主要介绍了丹尼尔虽然失明，但是没有被面临的困难吓倒，仍然利用声呐到处行走，并且没有出现事故。这就告诉人们要敢于面对生活中的困难，故选A。‎ ‎【点评】考查阅读理解。本文考查细节题和主旨题等常考题型，细节题要注意从文中抓住关键词寻找答案；主旨题需要通读全文，了解大意之后找出主题句。‎ ‎4.（1）B（2）D（3）A（4）D ‎ ‎【分析】文章大意：介绍了绿色屋顶的优点。 （1）理解归纳题。根据文中的语句The 9, 500-square-metre Augustenborg Botanical Garden may look just like any other well-organized park but there's a difference. It lies on the roofs (屋顶) of industrial and office buildings in the city of Malmo in Sweden.理解可知，介绍Augustenborg Botanical Garden 的主要目的就是介绍绿色屋顶是什么样子的，故选B。 （2）词义理解题。根据文中的语句They also help to moderate the city temperature. The high temperatures on common roofs in the summer can make top floor flats uncomfortably hot. 理解可知，绿色屋顶可以控制城市的温度，故选D。 （3）细节理解题。根据文中的语句And small animals and birds can make their homes on it. Thanks to this, the city may become part of nature, rather than something completely separate from it.可知，绿色屋顶充满了生机，故选A。 （4）主旨大意题。本文主要介绍了绿色屋顶的优点，故选D。‎ ‎【点评】考查阅读理解。本文考查细节题，词义推断题，推理判断题和主旨题等常考题型，细节题要注意从文中抓住关键词寻找答案；主旨题，词义推断题以及判断题都需要通读全文，了解大意之后找出正确选项。‎ ‎5.（1）C（2）B（3）C（4）A ‎ ‎【分析】文章大意：介绍了衣着对人们的影响。我们的衣着不仅改变了别人对我们的看法，而且也改变了我们对自己的看法。 （1）细节理解题。根据文中的语句Mark Zuckerberg, who starts the social network Facebook, often wears jeans and a T-shirt to work, including to important business meetings. Not everyone agrees with him. Some people say he doesn't look serious this way.理解可知，Mark穿着牛仔裤与T恤衫参加正式会议，有些人认为他不严肃，故选C。 （2）细节理解题。根据文中的语句When her researchers, wearing sportswear, visited the expensive shops in Italy, they were usually viewed as wealthier and more important people than those who were well-dressed in designer clothes.理解可知，穿着非正式服装其实挺好的，故选B。 ‎ ‎（3）理解归纳题。通读第三段我们可以看出，作者通过两个实例来证明人们不一定总是积极地看待不太正式的服装，人们有时还是以“貌”取人，故选C。 （4）理解归纳题。通读全文可知，人们的穿着可以对自己或他人产生很大的影响，故选A。‎ ‎【点评】考查阅读理解。本文考查细节题和主旨题等常考题型，细节题要注意从文中抓住关键词寻找答案；主旨题需要通读全文，了解大意之后找出主题句。‎ 三、词汇运用（本题有15小题，每小题1分，共计15分）‎ ‎6.（1）after all（2）be punished（3）beside（4）ninth（5）ours ‎ ‎【分析】nine 九；  ours 我们的； beside 在……旁边；punish 惩罚；after all 毕竟。 （1）句意：别灰心。就这份工作来说你毕竟是个新手。固定短语after all，毕竟，故填after all。 （2）句意：根据现行法律，酒后驾车必须受到严肃的处罚。punish，动词，处罚。drunk driving与punish存在动宾关系，要用被动语态，前面有情态动词must，故填be punished。 （3）句意：当我做填字游戏时，我总是把字典放在身边。做字谜，需要字典，应该把字典放在身边，beside，介词，在……旁边，故填beside。 （4）句意：上星期天全家庆祝我姐姐九岁生日。nine，九；由birthday提示可知，生日要用序数词，故填ninth。 （5）句意：我们的大脑和猴子的主要区别在于我们的大脑更大。根据句意可知我们的大脑更大，空格后没有名词brain，要用名词性物主代词，故填ours。‎ ‎【点评】考查选词填空，考查词汇在语篇中的运用能力，答题时要跳过空格通读全句，了解大意确定所缺单词或短语，再由语境确定其正确形式。‎ ‎7. basic；harmful；solve；courses /lessons；ready；week；instructions /directions；provide；kitchens；promises ‎ ‎【分析】文章大意：英国政府及学校为培养学生的烹饪能力所采取的措施。 （1）句意：结果，基本的烹饪和食物准备技能正在丧失。基础的，basic，形容词，修饰名词cooking and food preparation skills，故填basic。 （2）句意：因为父母让他们吃太多的对他们的健康有害的快餐。有害的，harmful，形容词；固定短语，be harmful to，对……有害，故填harmful。 （3）句意：政府很担心，正在寻找解决问题的方法。解决，solve，动词，因空格前面有不定式符合to，要用原形，故填solve。 （4）句意：所有中学都应为11至14岁的学生开设烹饪课程。课程，lesson或course，可数名词，故填courses或lessons。 （5）句意：他们希望这能鼓励人们做饭，而不是吃即食、快餐和小吃。准备好的，ready，形容词；固定短语，ready meals，即食，故填ready。 ‎ ‎（6）句意：学生们将在一学期内每周学习一小时的烹饪。星期，week，可数名词；因空格前面有不定冠词，故填week。 （7）句意：他们将学习使用简单和新鲜的原料，按照说明来准备健康，可口的食物。说明，instruction，direction，可数名词，要用复数形式，故填instructions /directions。 （8）句意：俱乐部将为更多的孩子提供学习烹饪的机会。提供，provide，动词；will后面要用动词原形，故填provide。 （9）句意：大约15%的学校没有厨房，也没有足够的教师。厨房，kitchen，可数名词，要用复数形式，故填kitchens。 （10）句意：政府发言人承诺培训800名教师，每年给学校250万英镑，帮助贫困家庭的孩子支付食材费用。允诺，promise，动词；因主语the speaker，是第三人称单数，故填promises。 【点评】考查单词拼写。根据汉语提示确定单词，再由语境确定其正确形式。‎ 四、语法填空（本题有10小题，每小题1分，共计10分）‎ ‎8. but；heads；heard；her；to stop；politely；older；for；if /whether；a ‎ ‎【分析】文章大意：一群小男孩在公园里打篮球，由于操场没有护栏，球被扔向了附近的小河边，被坐在那里的安娜接住，征得男孩的同意，Anna加入了打篮球的活动中。 （1）句意：一群男孩在公园里打篮球。操场很大，但周围没有栅栏。根据文中语句he playground was great, 与 there was no fence (栅栏) around it. 的含义可知，两个句子是转折关系，故填but。 （2）句意：一个男孩把球扔得太猛了，球像火箭一样飞过了所有其他男孩的头顶，head，头，可数名词，由all the other boy的提示，可知此句要用复数形式，故填heads。 （3）句意：突然，她听到一些喊声，转过身来。hear，听到，动词；由turned to see提示，可知此句要用过去时，故填heard。 （4）句意：看见一个橙色的大东西朝她飞来。she，她，人称代词；由towards提示，可知此句要用人称代词的宾格，故填her。 （5）句意：安娜张开双臂，刚好在球要落河时及时把球逮住。stop，停止，阻止，动词；由句中的opened提示，可知此句要用过去时，故填stopped。 （6）句意：“你能把它拿过来吗？”一个男孩礼貌地问。polite，有礼貌的，形容词；因修饰动词asked，要用副词形式，故填politely。 （7）句意：她很紧张，因为男孩比她大。old，年老的，形容词；由than提示，可知此句要用比较级形式，故填older。 （8）句意：但是，他们很好，感谢她救了球。固定短语，thank sb for doing sth，因做某事而感谢某人，故填for。 ‎ ‎（9）句意：男孩们同意了，但他们不确定他是否能把球扔得更靠近篮框。语句he could throw the ball even close to the basket.充当sure的宾语，是否，要用if或whether，故填if/whether。 （10）句意：安娜接过球，然后试一试。固定短语，have a try，试一试，故填a。‎ ‎【点评】考查语法填空。答题时要跳过空格通读全文，了解大意，然后根据语境及所给单词的提示对所缺部分逐一解答，注意要考虑句型、语法、搭配、语境等因素，最后通读一遍，并逐一验证。‎ 五、任务型阅读（本题有5小题，每小题1分，共计5分）‎ ‎9.（1）B；C；A；D （2）develop good sleeping habits ‎ ‎【分析】文章大意：睡眠在我们的生活中起着重要作用。我们要养成良好的睡眠习惯。 A. Bad influences 不良影响。 B. Sleeping hours 睡眠时间。 C. The most tiring moments 最疲倦的时刻 D. Good sleeping habits 好的睡眠习惯 （1）根据下文中的语句 Normal people need 7 to 9 hours of sleep every night. 理解可知，此段主要介绍的是睡眠时间，故选B。 （2）根据下文语句 Tiredness usually reaches its highest twice a day, at 2 a.m. and 2 p.m.理解可知，此段主要介绍的是一天中最疲劳的时刻，故选C。 （3）根据下文语句  People can make mistakes if they don't get enough sleep. Students cannot pay attention in class or do well in sports. 理解可知，此段主要介绍了休息不好的不良影响，故选A。 （4）根据下文语句here are several ways that can help us sleep better, such as avoiding drinks that make us excited late in the day,可知，此段主要介绍了怎样培养良好的睡觉习惯，故选D。 （5）理解归纳题。通读全文可知，此文的主要意图就是培养好的睡觉习惯。故填develop good sleeping habits。‎ ‎【点评】首先阅读4个选项，了解大致的意思，再通读全文，通过上下文，分析与文章上下文匹配的选项是哪个，还原句子之后，带入句子通读全文进行检查。‎ 六、书面表达（本题有1小题，共计15分）‎ ‎10.略。‎ ‎【分析】这是一篇应用文作文。题目给了2个项目，写作时只需要选择一个项目进行写作，主要介绍自己应聘的项目及理由。根据材料内容可知，文章要用一般现在时，可以适当使用一些情态动词。写作中注意上下文的过渡，要符合逻辑关系，符合英语的表达习惯。 【点评】写此类作文，应该通读提纲，把握要点，确定正确的时态。另外，在写作时要表达清楚，信息完整，语言通顺，语意连贯。充分利用好提示语言，使作文结构完整。写作时，可以运用好词好句，如the reason why…is，such as，for example，so on，等，使文章链接自然，增加文章亮点。‎