中考英语命题研究教材知识梳理篇八下Units34试题1 10页

八年级(下) Units 3—4‎ ‎,中考基础知识梳理 ‎ ‎ 类别 课标考点要求 词 汇 攻 关 ‎1.borrow→(反义词)__lend__‎ ‎2．independent→(名词)独立__independence__‎ ‎3．develop→(名词)__development__‎ ‎4．fair→(名词)__fairness__→(反义词)__unfair__‎ ‎5.ill→(名词)__illness__‎ ‎6．communicate→(名词)__communication__‎ ‎7．second→(副词)__secondly__‎ ‎8．usual→(反义词)__unusual__→(副词)__usually__‎ 短 语 归 纳 ‎1.倒垃圾__take__out__the__rubbish__‎ ‎2．频繁；反复__all__the__time__‎ ‎3．一……就……；尽快__as__soon__as__‎ ‎4．目的是，为了__in__order__to__‎ ‎5．依靠；依赖__depend__on__‎ ‎6．照顾；处理__take__care__of__‎ ‎7．快速查看；浏览__look__through__‎ ‎8．重要的事__big__deal__‎ ‎9.成功地发展；解决__work__out__‎ ‎10．和睦相处；关系良好__get__on__with__‎ ‎11．删除；删去__cut__out__‎ ‎12．比较；对比__compare…with__‎ ‎13．依……看__in__one's__opinion__‎ ‎14．吃惊地；惊讶地__in__surprise__‎ ‎15．随时；马上；在任何时刻__any__minute__now__‎ ‎16．过来；顺便拜访__come__over__‎ 句 型 再 现 ‎1.“你能扫一下地板吗？”“好的，当然可以。”‎ ‎—__Could__you__please__ sweep the floor?‎ ‎—Yes，__sure__．‎ ‎2．他们应该将时间花在学业上，为的是取得好成绩并考上好大学。‎ They should spend their time on schoolwork __in__order__to__get__good__grades__ and __get__into__ a good university.‎ ‎3．同时，当他们长大后，他们将不得不做家务，所以他们现在没必要做家务。‎ Also，when they get older，they will have to do housework so __there__is__no__need__for__them__to__do__it__ now.‎ ‎5.昨天我发现我的妹妹在翻阅我的东西。‎ I found my sister __looking__through__ my things yesterday.‎ ‎6．相反，他想看什么就看什么，一直看到深夜。‎ Instead，he watches __whatever__he__wants__ until late at night.‎ ‎7．孩子们越早学会独立，对他们的未来就越好。‎ ‎__The__earlier__ kids learn to be independent，__the__better__ it is for their future.‎ ‎8．你为何不与你的家人谈谈这些感受呢？‎ ‎__Why__don't__you__talk__about__ these feelings with your family?‎ ‎9．人们不该把自己的孩子逼得太紧。‎ ‎4．我认为做家务并不是很难，我并不介意做家务。‎ I think __doing__chores__ is not so difficult.I __do__not__mind__doing__ them.‎ People __shouldn't__push__ their kids so hard.‎ ‎10．他们总是把他们和其他孩子作比较。‎ They __are__always__comparing__ them with other children.‎ 语法 结构 ‎1.情态动词could表示请求、允许的用法。‎ ‎2．表示征求意见或提出建议的句型。‎ 话题 ‎1.Chores and permission(家务和许可)‎ ‎2.Interpersonal communication(人际沟通)‎ ‎ ,河北五年中考真题演练 ‎◆情态动词 ‎( A )1.(2014河北34题)I ________ follow you. Would you please repeat it?‎ A．can't B．mustn't C．needn't D．shouldn't ‎( A )2.(2013河北34题)________ I see your ID card，sir？We have to check your information.‎ A．May B．Must C．Should D．Need ‎( B )3.(2015河北28题)There's an important football match today.I ______ miss it.‎ A．may B．can't C．must D．needn't ‎◆句型类 ‎4．(2012河北90题)lend，Sam，MP5，to，I，yesterday，my ‎__I__lent__my__MP5__to__Sam__yesterday/Yesterday__I__lent__my__MP5__to__Sam__．‎ ‎,河北中考重难点突破 ‎ neither adv.也不 ‎【满分点拨】‎ 代 词 ‎(1)作主语，谓语动词常用单数。‎ ‎(2)常与of连用，neither of＋名词复数。‎ Neither of them was in good health，but both of them worked very hard.他们两个人身体都不好，但工作都非常努力。‎ 形容词 ‎(1)用在单数名词之前。‎ ‎(2)其修饰的词作主语时，谓语动词用单数。‎ Neither answer is right.两个答案都不对。‎ 副 词 放于句首，用倒装语序，表示“……也不”，‎ neither＋be/助动词/情态动词＋主语。‎ ‎—He doesn't go to school by bike.‎ ‎—Neither do I.‎ ‎——他不骑自行车上学。‎ ‎——我也不骑。‎ 短 语 ‎(1)neither…nor…表示“既不……也不……”，连接两个并列成分表否定；反义短语both…and…，连接同等成分表示肯定。‎ ‎(2)连接主语时，谓语动词遵循“就近原则”。‎ Neither I nor he knows it.我和他都不知道此事。‎ ‎【考点抢测】‎ ‎( C )1.(2016德州中考)—Where would you like to go for your summer holiday，Beijing or Shanghai?‎ ‎—______．I will go to Sanya in Hainan.‎ A．Both B．Each C．Neither D．Either ‎( D )2.(2016黄冈中考)—My parents are crazy about Running Man.How about your parents?‎ ‎—______ my dad ______ my mom likes it.But they like Ode to Joy(欢乐颂)．‎ A．Not only；but also B．Both；and C．Either；or D．Neither；nor ‎ 辨析borrow，lend与keep ‎【满分点拨】‎ 都表示“借”，但“借法”各有不同。‎ borrow 借进 说话人向别人借东西供自己用，常用于borrow sth. from sb.结构中，为终止性动词。‎ lend 借出 即说话人把自己的东西借给别人用，常用于lend sth. to sb.或lend sb. sth.结构中，为终止性动词。‎ ‎—Can I borrow this book？我可以借这本书吗？‎ ‎—Yes，but you mustn't lend it to others.可以，但你不许借给别人。‎ keep 保存，‎ 保留 用于表示借用的时间长度，可以和表示时间段的时间状语及how long等连用。‎ ‎—How long may I keep this book？这本书我可借多长时间？‎ ‎—Two weeks.两周。‎ ‎ 【图解助记】‎ 注意：意为“归还”时，return是及物动词，后直接加物，加to可再接人，即return sth. to sb.。 如：‎ You should return the piano to Dick on time.你应该按时把钢琴还给迪克。‎ ‎【考点抢测】‎ ‎( B )3.(2015唐山54中模拟)—Excuse me.Can I ________ your football，please?‎ ‎—Sorry，Jack ________ it just now.‎ A．borrow；lent B．borrow；borrowed C．lend；borrowed D．lend；lent ‎( D )4.(2015永州中考)I can ________ you my dictionary，but you can ________ it for only a week.‎ A．borrow；borrow B．lend；borrow C．borrow；keep D．lend；keep ‎ 辨析provide，give与offer ‎【满分点拨】‎ 三个词均有“供给；供应”之意，区别主要在结构上。‎ ‎(1)providefor＝providewith ‎(2)give ＝giveto ‎(3)offer强调“主动提供”‎ offer ＝offerto ‎【温馨提示】‎ 若offer所接的直接宾语和间接宾语都为代词时，只能用后者。offer it to sb.(代词)‎ ‎【考点抢测】‎ ‎( C )5.(2015唐山龙泉中学模拟)The cars will be ________ to people all over the country.‎ A．provided B．bought C．supplied D．made ‎( C )6.(2016路南区九年级二模)Nick ______ a job in a bank，but to our surprise，he didn't take it.‎ A．is offered B．offered C．was offered D．has offered provide offer ‎7．The hostess __offered__ us a cup of coffee＝The hostess __offered__ a cup of coffee __to__ us.‎ ‎8．We __provided__ food __for__ the hungry children.＝We __provided__ the hungry children __with__ food.‎ ‎ 辨析instead与instead of ‎【满分点拨】‎ instead是副词，常用于修饰整个句子，可不译出，常放在句首或句尾，表示前面的事情没做，而做了后面的事。如：‎ Last summer I went to France.This year I'm going to Italy instead.去年夏天我去了法国，今年我要去意大利。‎ instead of是介词短语，其后要接词或词组。如：‎ They bought some oranges instead of apples.他们买了一些橘子，没有买苹果。‎ Last night I watched TV instead of playing games.昨天晚上我看电视了，没有玩游戏。‎ ‎【考点抢测】‎ instead instead of ‎9．Dave went cycling __instead__of__ going skating.‎ ‎10．My brother isn't good at math.__Instead__，he is good at English.‎ ‎( C )11.(2014河北肥乡一模)If Bill has no time to go with you，take me ______．‎ A．too B．also C．instead D．either ‎ as soon as的用法 ‎【满分点拨】‎ as soon as 一……就……；尽快 ‎(1)as soon as引导时间状语从句，如果主句是一般将来时，从句要用一般现在时表示将来。‎ ‎(2)as soon as possible＝as soon as one can/could，意为“尽可能快地”。‎ ‎【考点抢测】‎ ‎( C )12.(2015菏泽中考)—When will you return the book to me?‎ ‎—I'll give it to you ________ I finish it.‎ A．once B．until C．as soon as D．unless ‎( C )13.(2016石家庄桥西区模拟)He______ to us as soon as he gets to London.‎ A．writes B．has written C．will write D．wrote ‎ in order to的用法 ‎【满分点拨】‎ ‎(1)in order to“为了”，可以用于句首或句中，其否定式为in order not to。‎ ‎(2)in order to相当于so as to，但是so as to多用于否定句中，其否定式为so as not to。‎ ‎(3)in order to和so as to表示目的时，可以转化为in order that或so that引导的目的状语从句。如：‎ 为了赶上早班车，他不得不早起。‎ He has to get up early in order to catch the early bus.‎ He has to get up early in order that he can catch the early bus.‎ He has to get up early so that he can catch the early bus.‎ ‎【考点抢测】‎ ‎14．(2015保定17中模拟)为了让我们学校更加美丽，我们打算在学校周围种植更多的树木和花草。‎ We'll plant more trees and flowers around our school __in__ __order__ to make it more beautiful.‎ ‎( B )15.(2015连云港中考)A lot of famous doctors gathered in Harbin ________ save“China's most beautiful teacher”—Ms. Zhang Lili.‎ A．so that B．in order to C．in order that D．as a result ‎ since的两种词性 ‎【满分点拨】‎ since conj.因为；既然 prep.自……以来 ‎(1)作介词，since＋(过去的)某一时刻＝for＋一段时间，表示一段时间。‎ ‎(2)作连词，引导时间状语从句，主句通常用现在完成时，从句通常用一般过去时。‎ ‎【考点抢测】‎ ‎( A )16.(2015保定13中模拟)—I can hardly believe my eyes.Is that you，Lucy?‎ ‎—Yes.It has been almost 20 years ________ we were together.‎ A．since B．before C．after D．until ‎17．既然他们和父母住在一起，他们就应该懂得人人都有责任保持家的干净整洁。‎ ‎__Since__ they live in one house with their parents，they should know that everyone should do their part in keeping it clean and tidy.‎ ‎ get on的用法 ‎【满分点拨】‎ get on with和睦相处；关系良好 ‎(1)get on＝get along相处；进展；与……合得来 ‎(2)get on/along well with sb.与某人相处得好 ‎(3)get on/along well with sth.某事进展得好 ‎(4)How are you getting on/along with sb./sth.?‎ 你与某人相处得怎样？/某事进展如何？‎ ‎【归纳拓展】‎ get on还可表示“上车”，其反义短语是get off，意为“下车”。‎ ‎【考点抢测】‎ ‎( A )18.(2015兰州中考)Good manners can make people ________ each other.‎ A．get on well with B．get off C．get over D．get away ‎,河北中考考点精练 Ⅰ.单项选择。‎ ‎( C )1.(2016河北唐山丰润区三模)We soon found him ______．‎ A．easily to get on with ‎ B．hard to get on C．difficult to get on with ‎ D．hardly to talk to ‎( C )2.(2016河北唐山丰润区三模)The world's population is getting larger，so scientists will have to ______ new ways to solve food problem.‎ ‎ A．catch up with B．keep up with ‎ C．come up with D．make up with ‎( D )3.(2016呼和浩特中考)I'll go to visit my aunt in England ______ the summer holidays start.‎ A．while B．since C．until D．as soon as ‎( C )4.(2016济宁中考)We have been expecting Rio 2016 Olympics______ the Olympic flame(圣火) was lit.‎ A．if B．unless C．since D．Though ‎( C )5.(2016威海中考改编)I looked through my test paper again and again______ I wouldn't make any mistakes.‎ A．so B．because ‎ C．so that D．in order to ‎( D )6.(2016黔南中考)—Would you please provide us ______ some information about the accident?‎ ‎—Sure.It happened ______ the morning of June 5th.‎ A．to；on B．for；in C．with；in D．with；on ‎( C )7.—Mom，can I watch the movie?‎ ‎—Yes，you can.But you______finish your homework first.‎ A．may B．should C．must D．could ‎( B )8.(2016荆门中考)—Alice，how do your parents like pop music?‎ ‎—______ my dad ______ my mom likes it.But they both prefer Beijing Opera.‎ A．Either；or B．Neither；nor C．Not only；but also D．Both；and ‎( D )9.(2017原创预测)—Shall we climb mountain tomorrow，mom?‎ ‎—It ______ the weather.If it's rainy，we will have to stay at home.‎ A．waits for B．looks for C．decides on D．depends on ‎( B )10.—Rita，could you go to Hong Kong with me next month?‎ ‎—______．It's the best time to go there.‎ A．I'm sorry to hear that B．Sure，I'd love to C．Never mind D．You're welcome Ⅱ.(2016石家庄新华区中考模拟)阅读理解。‎ A floating bottle from 108 years ago has been washed up on the coast.The note in the bottle may be the oldest message in a bottle so far.‎ The message in the bottle had been lost for more than a century，bobbing(随波漂流)along the waves before Mrs.Winkler hit on it as she was walking along the beach on her holiday.At first she didn't realize how old it was and followed the instructions written on the message to break the bottle.Inside the bottle she found a postcard written in English，German and Dutch with information to fill in about where the bottle was found and when along with the offer of a shilling(先令，英国1971年以前的货币单位)payment if the postcard was returned to the Marine Biological Association in Plymouth.‎ The Marine Biological Association in Plymouth still exists today.Mrs.Winkler sent the postcard back to it.The scientists in Plymouth were very excited.They worked out that the bottle had probably been thrown into the sea in 1906 as part of an experiment into deepsea current(深海的洋流试验)．The scientists also kept on the centuryold promise about a payment，and sent Mrs.Winkler an old shilling.‎ ‎( C )1.According to the passage，the floating bottle is just ______．‎ A．a white lie for fun ‎ B．a children's play ‎ C．a part of an experiment ‎ D．a present from Mrs.Winkler ‎ ‎( B )2.______ can be found on the postcard in the bottle.‎ A．English and Chinese words B．German and Dutch words C．Dutch and Japanese words D．Just English words ‎( B )3.The underlined word“exists” in the passage means“______ ”．‎ A．works B．has C．lives D．does ‎( D )4.______ worked out the year the bottle was thrown into the sea.‎ A．Mrs.Winkler B．A German and an English man ‎ C．Mr.Winkler ‎ D．The scientist in ‎Plymouth ‎( C )5.What is the payment Mrs.Winkler got at last?‎ A．A postcard. B．A note.‎ C．An old shilling. D．A floating bottle.‎ Ⅲ.任务型阅读。‎ Halloween is a strange holiday.It started several centuries ago in Europe.It began as “Hallow Evening” which means“holy night”．At that time November 1st was called “All Saints' Day” and people honored all the saints who did not have their own special day.People believed that all the spirits of dead people were active on the night of October 31st.So people would play all sorts of tricks on each other.‎ Black is one of the traditional Halloween colors，probably because Halloween festivals and traditions took place at night.Pumpkins are a symbol of Halloween，so ______ has become the other traditional Halloween color.Making lanterns out of pumpkins is a Halloween custom.‎ Halloween is great fun for children.They dress up as ghosts，witches.Small children go “TrickorTreating”．They were costumes，knock on doors，and shout “Trick or Treat”！People__almost__always__choose__to__give__them__candy__as__a__treat，instead__of__choosing__to__receive__a__trick__from__the__children.Adults sometimes “trick or treat” their friends，too.Usually the “treat” is a glass of wine or some small gifts.‎ ‎1题完成句子；2题简略回答问题；3题将文中横线处空缺的单词填写在下面答题线上；4题找出并写下全文的主题句；5题将文中画线句子译成汉语。‎ ‎1．At that time November 1st was called“All Saints' Day” and people honored all the saints who did not have __their__own__special__day__．‎ ‎2．Why is black one of the traditional Halloween colors?‎ ‎__Probably__because__Halloween__festivals__and__traditions__took__place__at__night.__‎ ‎3．__orange__‎ ‎4．__Halloween__is__a__strange__holiday__．‎ ‎5．__人们几乎总是选择给他们糖果作为礼物，而不是选择接受来自他们的恶作剧。__‎ Ⅳ.(2016丽水中考改编)词语运用。‎ It was a very special day because Dylan Terry came to the West End Children's Home！Dylan Terry is my favorite 1.__singer__ (sing)．I like him because he sings 2.__wonderfully__(wonderful)，he's cute and he helps the kids a lot.‎ We 3.__stood__(stand) near the door，waiting for him.Everyone was very excited.Finally，he arrived 4.and__ shook hands with us.He was so nice！He sang several songs for us.Some of us even started dancing 5.while__ he was singing.We were having a great time!‎ Ⅴ.(2017原创预测)连词成句。‎ ‎1．got，real，he，angry ‎__He__got__really__angry__．‎ ‎2．I，may，borrow，dictionary，your ‎__May__I__borrow__your__dictionary__？‎ ‎3．Do，like，I，doing，not，chores，the ‎__I__don't/do__not__like__doing__the__chores__．‎ ‎4．wash，the，dishes，eating，after，dinner ‎__Wash__the__dishes__after__eating__dinner__．‎ ‎5．why，you，get，with，can，on，well，him ‎__Why__can__you__get__on__well__with__him__？‎ Ⅵ.(2016河北丰润区三模)书面表达。‎ ‎ ‎ 据报道美国学生每天要运动70分钟，而我国学生花在运动的时间只有12分钟。请根据对你校学生课外分配情况的调查图表，写一篇短文，谈谈你的看法，并呼吁改变当前这种状况。‎ 要求：1.短文中必须包括饼状图所给出的所有信息；‎ ‎2．短文中不得涉及真实的人名、地名和校名；‎ ‎3．词数：80左右(已给出的开头和结尾不计入总词数)；‎ 参考词汇：according to the survey根据调查 Let's Spend More Time Doing Sports It is reported that American students spend more than 70 minutes on physical activities every ‎ day.However，in China students have only 12 minutes for physical activities.Then what do our Chinese students do after school? Now let me take our school for example.‎ According__to__the__survey__in__our__school，40%__of__our__after__school__time__is__spent__doing__homework__and__25%__is__for__watching__TV__or__listening__to__music，playing__computer__games__takes__up__20%__of__our__free__time.We__have__only__15%__of__our__time__that__is__used__for__physical__activities.It__is__quite__clear__that__we__have__spent__too__little__on__physical__activities.I__really__hope__that__the__society__and__school__will__do__something__to__change__the__situation.And__encourage__all__the__students__to__go__out__to__do__some__sports.As__students__we__should__also__try__our__best__to__take__part__in__sports__as__much__as__possible.__‎ After all，health is above everything else.‎