中考英语专项名词专项讲解练习 4页

一、名 词 名词是表示人、事物、地点或抽象概念的名称的词，我们必须掌握名词的数、名词的格。‎ 可数名词 ‎1、可用a/an修饰可数名词单数，在元音音素开头的单词前用an.‎ 如：a job a worker an apple an Englishman ‎2、复数的构成方法：‎ ‎（1）一般在可数名词后加s,如：dog-dogs ‎（2）以s,x,ch,sh结尾的名词加es,‎ 如：watch-watches,class-classes,box-boxes ‎（3）以辅音字母加y结尾的名词，变y为i加es,‎ 如：country-countries,‎ 注意：day-days boy-boys monkey-monkeys 元音字母+y结尾的名词直接加s.‎ ‎（4）以o结尾的名词，只有potato,tomato,hero,negro加es构成复数。‎ 注意：radio-radios photo-photos zoo-zoos piano-pianos ‎（5）以f fe结尾的名词，变f/fe为v再加es。‎ 如：knife-knives wolf-wolves ‎3、单复数形式相同的词。Sheep-sheep fish-fish chinese-chinese Japanese-japanese ‎4、特殊变化的单词有：‎ ‎（1）tooth-teeth foot-feet goose-geese ‎（2）man-men woman-women policeman-policemen 注意:German(德国人)-Germans ‎(3)child-children ox-oxen mouse-mice ‎5、常以复数形式出现的名词：‎ people/police/clothes/trousers/glasses/cattle等，这些名词做主语时，应特别注意他们的谓语，用复数。‎ 如：several hundred police were on duty.几百个警察在执勤。‎ My clothes are newer than yours.我的衣服比你的新。‎ ‎6、有些名词看似复数形式，实际上是单数，应特别加以记忆。如：no news is good news.‎ ‎7、可用how many,many,a few,few,a lot of,lots of,some,any等来修饰可数名词复数。‎ 不可数名词 ‎1、常见的不可数名词有：water rice fish meat等。‎ 特别记忆：medicine news work homework housework money chalk weather cotton wood等。‎ ‎2、不可数名词无复数，作主语时常看成单数。如：some bread is over there.‎ ‎3、常用how mach/much/a little/a lot of/some/any/等来修饰不可数名词。‎ ‎4、常用a piece of/a cup of等来修饰不可数名词的量。如要表示“两片面包”这样的意义，bread为不可数名词，不加s,而piece则加s，即tow pieces of bread.‎ 注意：three boxes of apples可数名词 Three bottles of water不可数名词 例如：these two pieces of bread are over these.‎ 名词的格 ‎1、名词所有格的构成方法，在名词的后加“，s”,译为（…的）.如：tom-tom，s(汤姆的)‎ ‎2、若遇上以s结尾的复数名词，则在s后加“，”即可。‎ 如：teachers， day ,tow months，holidy(=tow-month holiday)‎ 不以s结尾的复数名词的所有格，仍按惯例加“，s”。如：children，s day,women，s day ‎3、可用名词所有格表示地点如：my aunt，s home我姑姑家At the tailor，s 在缝纫铺 Go to the doctor，s去医生家 ‎4、表示两人共同拥有，在最后一名词后加“，s”。如：luck and lily，s room露西和莉莉的房间 ‎5、掌握词组：a friend of mine 我的一个朋友 a girl of five 一个五岁的女孩 一．可数名词的复数规则变化 1. map__________ girl__________ pen__________ bag_____ car__________‎ 2. bus__________ brush__________ watch__________ box__________‎ 1. baby__________ city__________ country__________‎ 2. hero__________ potato__________zoo_________tomato_________ photo__________‎ 3. knife__________ leaf_______wolf________wife__________ life__________‎ 二． 可数名词复数不规则变化child_________foot________ tooth_______ mouse_______ man_______ ‎ 三．国人单复数变化German__________ Englishman__________ Chinese_________‎ 四．单复数同形deer__________ sheep__________ yuan__________‎ 中等题 1. There are two__________ over there. (watch) ‎ 2. I like taking __________. (photo)‎ 3. l can see a __________and two __________ standing there. (man, woman)‎ 4. There are two baskets of__________ on the floor. (apple)‎ 5. Look at those__________. (child)‎ 6. He doesn't like these__________. (glass)‎ 7. How many __________can you see? (radio)‎ 8. There are more and more __________ drivers in Shanghai now. (woman)‎ 9. Give me some __________, please. (water)‎ 含性别的复合名词 1. There are twenty __________ in our hospital.‎ ‎ A. woman doctors B. women doctor C. women doctors D. woman doctor 2. ‎__________ are usually careful in doing exercises.‎ A. Girl students B. Girls students C. Girls’ students D.Girl’s students 可数名词复数不规则变化 ‎1. ----What are these? --They are __________.‎ A. deers B. radios C. Radioes D.tomatos ‎2. How many __________ are there in these __________?‎ A. tomatos, photos B. tomatoes, photos C. tomatoes, photoes D.potatos,photoes ‎3. Mr. Chen has two __________.‎ A. tooths B. teeth C. teeths D.toothes ‎4. Here are __________ for you, Sue. ‎ A. potatos B. some potatoes C. three tomatos D. some tomato ‎ ‎5. Then the __________ began to eat the green __________ of young trees.‎ A. deer, leafs B. deer, leaves C. deer, leaf D. deers, leafs 国人复数变化专项 ‎1. I met some __________ in the park and talked with them the other day. ‎ A. Japanese B. American C. Chineses D. English ‎ ‎2. --- Excuse me, are you __________? --- Yes, I’m from __________. ‎ A. Japan, Japanese B. China, Chinese C. England, English D.American‎, ‎America ‎ ‎3. A group of __________are talking with two__________ over there.‎ A. Frenchmen, Germans B. Frenchmen, Germen ‎ C. Frenchmen, German D. Frenchmanes, Germans ‎4. Yesterday a few __________ came to visit some__________ in Shantou.‎ A. German, places of interest B. Germans, places of interests ‎ C. Germans, places of interest D. Germen, places of interest。‎ ‎5. Two __________ and five __________ are studying Chinese at Beijing‎ ‎University.‎ A. German, English B. Germans, English C. Germans, Englishmen D. Germen, Englishmen 复合名词 1. The delicious dishes are cooked by __________.‎ ‎ A. women cookers B. women cooks C .woman cooks D. woman cookers ‎ ‎2. Julie went to the __________ to buy a pair of shoes.‎ A. shoes store B. shoe’s store C. shoe store D. shoes’ store ‎ 简单题 1. After moving to their new house, the Lees bought some ______ in the mall nearby. (08上海)‎ A. furniture B. chair C. table D. shelf 2. We haven’t got much __________ for our picnic. Will you go and get some? (07上海)‎ A. apple B. tomato C. bread D. biscuit 3. He knows __________ Chinese and has __________ Chinese friends.‎ A. much, many B. many, much C. much, much D. many, many 4. I’m thirsty. I think I’ll buy some __________.‎ A. water B. bread C. eggs D. apples 5. ‎---Would you like some __________? --Oh, yes, just（只） a little.‎ A. pears B. oranges C. milk D. grapes ‎6. Look ! There are some __________on the floor. ‎ ‎ A child B boxes C water D girl ‎7. There are many __________ in the fridge. A. fish B. fruit C. eggs D. bread ‎ ‎8. Don’t hurry! We still have __________ time left.A. little B. few C. a little D. a few u 中等题 6. Take some __________ to school. It’s so hot and you may feel thirsty.‎ A. meat B. bread C. juice D. orange 7. We see many __________ and __________ on the hill.‎ A. horses; sheeps B. horse; sheep C. horses; sheep D. horse, sheeps ‎4. ---Could I have something to eat? ---Sure. Here’s some . ‎ A. chicken B. tomatoes C. orange D. Potato 2. There are __________students playing in the playground.‎ ‎ A. a great deal of B. a large amount of C. a large quantity of D. a number of ‎3. There is __________milk and __________apples in the fridge. Let’s get some.‎ A. little, a few B. little, few C. a little. few D. few. a little Ø 不可数名词 u 简单题 1. I’ve read __________ sports news about the F1 race today.‎ A. two B. pieces C. two pieces D. two pieces of 1. My teacher game me __________.‎ ‎ A. a good advice B. some good advices C. some good advice D. good advices 2. Usually, young people have black __________ and old people have white __________.‎ ‎ A. hairs, ones B. hair, one C. hair, ones D. hairs, one 3. Peter was busy with his work yesterday. He didn’t get __________.‎ ‎ A. much sleep B. many sleeps C. more sleep D. most sleep 4. I think it is a wonderful __________. A. work B. information C. idea D. news 5. Have you found some __________ on the leaves?‎ ‎ A. drops of water B. drops of waters C. drops water D. drop of waters ‎ ‎7. I want to buy __________. ‎ A. two bottles of ink B. two bottle of ink C. two bottle of inks D. two bottles of inks ‎ u 中等题 6. How many __________ did you have for breakfast?‎ ‎ A. loaves of bread B. loaves of breads C. loafs of bread D. loaf of bread 7. We are very happy with our __________ in our studies.‎ ‎ A. great progresses B. great progress C. many progress D. lot of progress ‎ 8. Please pass me __________. I will correct them.‎ A. the test paper B. some pieces of test paper ‎ ‎ C. the test papers D. some piece of test paper ‎4. I’d like to have a glass of milk and __________. ‎ A. two breads B. two pieces of breads C. two pieces of bread D. two piece of bread ‎5. He bought __________. ‎ A. two pairs of shoes B. two pair of shoes C. two pairs of shoe D. two pair of shoe ‎ 抽象名词具体化 1. They had __________ climbing up to the top of the hill.‎ ‎ A. good time B. the good time C. a good time D. good times 2. She has given us __________.‎ ‎ A. a great help B. many helps C. a large number of help D. a lot of help 3. I have to write __________, but I have __________ to write __________.‎ ‎ A. a paper, no paper, on B. paper, no paper, with ‎ ‎ C. a paper, not any papers, on D. a paper, not a paper, on u 简单题 4. This is __________ room.‎ ‎ A. Tom and Mary’s B. Tom’s and Mary’s C. Tom’s and Mary D. Tom and Mary 5. ‎__________ mothers couldn’t go to the meeting, because they have gone to Chengdu.‎ ‎ A. Li Lei and Lucy’s B. Li Lei’s and Lucy’s C. Li Lei and Lucy D. Li Lei and Lucy 6. ‎__________ came to visit us this morning.‎ ‎ A. My father friend B. friend of my father ‎ ‎ C. A friend of my father’s D. One of my father’s friend 7. It’s only ten __________ break. A. minutes B. minute’s C. minutes’ D. minutes’s ‎ ‎5. Tom won the boys’ __________ race in our school sports meeting.‎ ‎ A. 15000-metre B.15000-metres C.15000-metre’s D.1500 meters ‎6. Look at the shoes with adjustable heels. They are my __________.‎ ‎ A. sister B. sister’s C. sisters’s D. sisters'‎ ‎7. You must finish the work in__________.‎ A. three weeks time B. three weeks’ time C. three week’s time D. three-weeks time ‎8. --- Whose room is this? --- It’s __________. ‎ A. Li Ming B. Li Ming’s C. Li Mings D. Li Mings’ ‎ u 中等题 1. Look at the shoes. They are my __________.A. sister B. sisters C. sisters’s D. sisters'‎ 2. This is __________ room. Come in, please.‎ A. John and Joan of B. John and Joan’s C. John’s and Joan’s D. John’s and Joan ‎3. We sell __________ in our shop.‎ ‎ A. woman and child’s clothes B. women and children T shirts ‎ ‎ C. women’s and children’s jackets D. woman’s and child’s coats ‎4. We had a good time during our __________ holiday.‎ ‎ A. two weeks B. two-weeks C. two-week’s D. two weeks’‎ ‎5. __________ room is on the 5th floor. ‎ A. Lucy and Lily B. Lucy and Lily’s C. Lucy’s and Lily D. Lucy’s and Lily’s 3. I like that son of __________.‎ A. John’s sister B. John sister’s C. John’s sister’s D. John’s sisters ‎ 4. On __________, all the children can play games all day.‎ A. Children’s Day B. Childrens’ Day C. The Children’s Day D.children day 5. This is not my cap, but my __________.‎ A. brothers B. brother’s C. brothers’ D. brother ‎4. Tom's car is more beautiful than__________.‎ A. his brother's and sister B. his brother and sister ‎ C. his brothers and sisters D. his brother's and sister's ‎5. I’ll go and call at __________ right after school.‎ A. the doctor B. the Smiths C. Smith D.my uncle’s