中考冲刺英语课题专练动词和动词不定式 8页

中考冲刺英语课题专练 ‎ —动词和动词不定式 ‎【动词】 ‎ ‎ 我们步步深入,开始接触到整个句子的heart--动词了。掌握了动词，你学起英语来就会感到驾轻就熟了。告诉你，一定要记牢动词的现在分词，过去式，过去分词，如果在这些小地方丢分，那才讨厌呢。比如：catch 的过去式和过去分词(caught，caught) 你可能就不知道吧?痛下决心，好好记一记吧。下面呢，我们就各个击破。先讲系动词。 ‎ ‎　　系动词：大概是最简单的动词了。你只需注意的是系动词除了be的形式之外，还有become，get，grow，turn，sound，look，smell，taste等，它们不能单独作谓语,必须和作表语的词语(如形容词, 名词等) 连用, 所以用的时候，可要小心为是呀！如：It smells delicious.(它闻起来味道很美)。delicious 是形容词，不是副词。 ‎ ‎　　情态动词：首先要记住情态动词后必跟动词原形。must和need几乎是每年的必考题，这里我们重点讲一下。 ‎ must的意思是"应当，必须"，侧重于说话者的主观看法，没有时态变化，其否定式是mustn't，在"Must I(we) ...."的疑问句中，须注意的是其否定回答常用needn't。如：Must I go?(我一定要走吗?)　No,you needn't.(不，不必。) ‎ ‎　 need意为"需要"。既可作实义动词，又可作情态动词，因此在用法上需要注意。作实义动词时，need后跟名词，动名词，或不定式。如：I need to go. (我得走了。) 作情态动词时，后跟动词原形。如：You needn't come tomorrow if you are busy. (如果你忙，明天就不必来了。) ‎ ‎　　实意动词： 实意动词可谓家族兴旺，人员众多。我们跑(run)，我们跳(jump)，我们笑(laugh)，这些都得用实意动词来表达。我们一起来看一看一些特殊的词吧。它们在接动名词和不定式时意义有所不同。 ‎ ‎ 　 stop：这个词让好多同学大伤了一番脑筋，到底什么时候加to do，什么时候加 ‎ ‎　　doing 呢?两者意义又有什么不同呢?OK, Come with me. 看下面两个句子。 ‎ ‎　　When the teacher came in, they stopped to read. ‎ ‎　　When the teacher came in, they stopped talking. ‎ ‎　　第一句的意思是"当老师进来时，他们停下来开始读书"。而第二句的意思是 "老师进来时，他们停止了说话"。所以stop to do sth表示"停止正在做的事情去干另一件事"。而stop doing表示"中断正在做的某事"。现在明白了吗? ‎ ‎　 forget，remember，regret 这三个词用法基本相同，只要记住+doing 表示"事情已经做过"，+to do表示"事情还未做"就可以了。forget to do 忘记要去做某事。(未做)　forget doing 忘记做过某事。(已做) 如：The light is still on. He forgot to turn it off. 灯还在亮着，他忘记关了。 ( 没有做关灯的动作)　　　He forgot turning the light off. 他忘记他已经关了灯了。( 已做过关灯的动作) ‎ ‎　　感官动词：see,watch, notice,look at,hear,listen to,smell,taste,feel 等 +do 表示动作的完整性，真实性 +doing 表示动作的连续性，进行性。如：I saw him work in the garden yesterday. 昨天我看见他在花园里干活了。(强调"我看见了"这个事实) I saw him working in the garden yesterday.（强调"我见他正干活"这个动作）昨天我见他正在花园里干活。 ‎ ‎ 　 又到了我们趁热打铁的时间了，好学的你准备好了吗? ‎ 练习： ‎ ‎1. Wang Lin _______some help. Can you help him?‎ A. needs ‎ ‎　　 B. want ‎ ‎　　 C. need to ‎ ‎　　 D. ask ‎ ‎　　2. All of us enjoy _______football very much. ‎ ‎　　 A. play ‎ ‎　　 B. playing ‎ ‎　　 C. played ‎ ‎　　 D. to play ‎ ‎　　3. ---- The light in the classroom is still on. ‎ ‎　　　---- Oh，I forgot___. ‎ ‎　　 A. turning it off ‎ ‎　　 B. turn it off ‎ ‎　　 C. to turn it off ‎ ‎　　 D. having turned it off ‎ ‎　　4. I regret ___ the window. ‎ ‎　　 A. to do ‎ ‎　　 B. to be doing ‎ ‎　　 C. to have done ‎ ‎　　 D. having broken ‎ ‎　　5. His grandparents saw her ___ up from childhood. ‎ ‎　　 A. grow ‎ ‎　　 B. grew ‎ ‎　　 C. was growing ‎ ‎　　 D. to grow ‎ ‎　　6. ---What's this in English? ‎ ‎　　　 ---Sorry, I can't _____it in English. ‎ ‎　　 A. tell ‎ ‎　　 B. say ‎ ‎　　 C. speak ‎ ‎　　 D. talk ‎ ‎　　7. --- _____I finish my homwork today? ‎ ‎　　　 ---No, you needn't. ‎ ‎　　 A. Can ‎ ‎　　 B. May ‎ ‎　　 C. Must ‎ ‎　　 D. Need ‎ ‎　　8. In Spring , the days ______longer and longer, the trees _______green. ‎ ‎　　 A. get, turn ‎ ‎　　 B. gets, turns ‎ ‎　　 C. got, turned ‎ ‎　　 D. have got, have turned ‎ ‎　　9. When the traffic lights are red, you ________stop. ‎ ‎　　 A. can ‎ ‎　　 B. must ‎ ‎　　 C. won't ‎ ‎　　 D. needn't ‎ ‎　　10. When the teacher came into the classroom, I ________to my deskmate. ‎ ‎　　 A. stopped to talk ‎ ‎　　 B. stopped talking ‎ ‎　　 C. stop to talk ‎ ‎　　 D. stop talking ‎ ‎　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 ‎ 实战： ‎ ‎1. ---Whose calculator is it? ‎ ‎　 　--- It's ______. ‎ ‎　 A. she's ‎ ‎　 B. hers ‎ ‎　 C. her ‎ ‎　 D. she ‎ ‎　2. _______December 23, Mr and Mrs Hopkens flew to London for a trip. ‎ ‎　 A. on ‎ ‎　 B. in ‎ ‎　 C. at ‎ ‎　 D. for ‎ ‎　3. The Science Museum is located ________the centre of the town. ‎ ‎　 A. with ‎ ‎　 B. near ‎ ‎　 C. beside ‎ ‎　 D. in ‎ ‎　4. Do you think maths is ________important than English? ‎ ‎　 A. very ‎ ‎　 B. as ‎ ‎　 C. more ‎ ‎　 D. quite ‎ ‎　5. The captain has a _______daughter. ‎ ‎　 A. five-years-old ‎ ‎　 B. five years old ‎ ‎　 C. five year old ‎ ‎　 D. five -year-old ‎ ‎　6. Two fishermen saw ______in the sky while they were fishing by a river. ‎ ‎　 A. something strange ‎ ‎　 B. anything strange ‎ ‎　 C. strange something ‎ ‎　 D. strange anything ‎ ‎　7. They got a Christmas tree and it was ______ours. ‎ ‎　 A. so tall as ‎ ‎　 B. so taller as ‎ ‎　 C. as tall as ‎ ‎　 D. as taller as ‎ ‎　8. Who's ______woman over there? ‎ ‎　 A. / ‎ ‎　 B. the ‎ ‎　 C. a ‎ ‎　 D. an ‎ ‎　9. A: _______have the scientists been there?B. For about two years. ‎ ‎　 A. How many times ‎ ‎　 B. How ‎ ‎　 C. What time ‎ ‎　 D. How long ‎ ‎　10. _______that pair of new ________expensive? ‎ ‎　 A. Is, shoe ‎ ‎　 B. Are, shoe ‎ ‎　 C. Is, shoes ‎ ‎　 D. Are, shoes ‎ ‎　11. Dick jumped into a large hole ________he saw the bear. ‎ ‎　 A. while ‎ ‎　 B. as soon as ‎ ‎　 C. until ‎ ‎　 D. if ‎ ‎　12. _______cold weather it is at the South Pole! ‎ ‎　 A. What ‎ ‎　 B. What an ‎ ‎　 C. How ‎ ‎　 D. What a ‎ ‎　13. I don't know ________last night. ‎ ‎　 A. why they didn't go to the movies ‎ ‎　 B. when they didn't go to the movies ‎ ‎　 C. why didn't they go to the movies ‎ ‎　 D. when didn't they go to the movies ‎ ‎　14. There aren't many oranges here, but you can take _______if you want to. ‎ ‎　 A. few ‎ ‎　 B. a few ‎ ‎　 C. a little ‎ ‎　 D. little ‎ ‎　15. Tom failed in the exam. He looked ________. ‎ ‎　 A. happy ‎ ‎　 B. sadly ‎ ‎　 C. upset ‎ ‎　 D. lovely ‎ ‎【不定式】 ‎ ‎ 不定式和动词象一对姐妹一样亲密，本不该拆开来讲，可是篇幅有限，只能让他们分开了。不定式的构成非常简单，告诉我是什么？对！是to+动词原形。当然啦，to有时也可以不带。动词不定式没有人称和数的变化，可以担当除谓语外的任何句子成分。那什么时候可以不带to呢? Listen to me carefully. ‎ ‎　　不定式省to有四种情况： ‎ ‎ 　 使役动词 let,have,make 等后接不定式。如：Let him go! 让他走! ‎ ‎　　would rather，had better后。如：You had better stay at home.你最好呆在家里。 ‎ ‎ 　 Why... / why not...后。如：Why not have a good rest on Sunday? 为什么星期天不好好休息一下呢? ‎ ‎ 　 感官动词 see, watch, look at, hear, listen to, smell,feel, find 等后作宾补，省to。如：I saw him dance. 我看见他跳舞。 ‎ ‎　　注意：这些情况在被动句中可千万不可省to 哟！ 如：The boss made them work the whole night. 变成被动句：They were made to work the whole night. ‎ ‎　　不定式的特殊用法： ‎ ‎ It与不定式：动词不定式可以做主语，但如果动词不定式太长，显得头重脚轻的，那么我们就可用形式主语it代替，而把真正主语(即不定式)放于句尾。 ‎ ‎　　如: It is not difficult for me to study English well.(对我来说学好英语是可能的。)‎ 不定式还可以充当句子的宾语，但有些动词，如find，think，believe 等，在语法上不能接受不定式作宾语，只有用it作形式宾语，从而把动词不定式置于句尾。这样的不定式可继续充当其宾语的作用。 ‎ ‎　　如: I found it difficult to fall asleep.我发现很难入睡。 ‎ ‎　　还有一点：动词不定式，还可用在how，when，where，what，which 等疑问代词或副词之后，与其共同作宾语。如：I don't know how to use a computer.我不知道怎样使用电脑。Remember?‎ too...to...和enough...to：too...to表达"太 ... 一致于不能..."。 ‎ ‎　　enough ... to 表达 "足以..."。这两个词组的用法用两个例子就可以说清楚了。 ‎ ‎　　The box is too heavy for me to lift.这个箱子太沉了，我提不动。 ‎ ‎　　He is old enough to go to school.他到上学的年龄了。也就是说，他的年龄足够上学了。记住这两个句子就可以举一反三，应用自如。你记住了吗？ ‎ ‎　　好吧，再试一把趁热打铁！ ‎ ‎　‎ 练习： ‎ ‎ 1. Tell him ___ the window. ‎ ‎　 A. to close not ‎ ‎　 B. not to close ‎ ‎　 C. to not close ‎ ‎　 D. not close ‎ ‎　2. Paul doesn't have to be made ___. He always works hard. ‎ ‎　 A. learn ‎ ‎　 B. to learn ‎ ‎　 C. learned ‎ ‎　 D. learning ‎ ‎　3. You'd better _______the story in Japanese. ‎ ‎　 A. say ‎ ‎　 B. speak ‎ ‎　 C. tell ‎ ‎　 D. talk ‎ ‎　4. The patient was warned ___ oily food after the operation. ‎ ‎　 A. to eat not ‎ ‎　 B. eating not ‎ ‎　 C. not to eat ‎ ‎　 D. not eating ‎ ‎　5. ---- I usually go there by train. ‎ ‎　　---- Why not ___ by boat for a change? ‎ ‎　 A. to try going ‎ ‎　 B. trying to go ‎ ‎　 C. to try and go ‎ ‎　 D. try going ‎ ‎　6. There are some books on the floor, would you like ________? ‎ ‎　 A. to pick them up ‎ ‎　 B. to pick up them ‎ ‎　 C. pick it up ‎ ‎　 D. pick up it ‎ ‎　7. She is very ill, let's _______a doctor at once. ‎ ‎　 A. to wake up ‎ ‎　 B. send for ‎ ‎　 C. to pay for ‎ ‎　 D. pay for ‎ ‎　8. I want ________a teacher when I grow up. ‎ ‎　 A. to be ‎ ‎　 B. to ‎ ‎　 C. be ‎ ‎　 D. being ‎ ‎　9. It's cold here. You'd better ______ your coat. ‎ ‎　 A. not take out ‎ ‎　 B. not to take down ‎ ‎　 C. not take off ‎ ‎　 D. not to take away ‎ ‎　10. My mother told me ________more water. ‎ ‎　 A. drinking ‎ ‎　 B. drank ‎ ‎　 C. to drink ‎ ‎　 D. drink ‎ ‎　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 ‎ 实战： ‎ ‎1. You'd better _______read in the sun. ‎ ‎　 A. not to ‎ ‎　 B. not ‎ ‎　 C. don't ‎ ‎　 D. to ‎ ‎　2. You aren't a new driver, are you? _______. ‎ ‎　 A. No, I am ‎ ‎　 B. Yes, I'm not ‎ ‎　 C. No, you are ‎ ‎　 D. Yes, I am ‎ ‎　3. Must I stay here now?_________. ‎ ‎　 A. No, you mustn't ‎ ‎　 B. No, you needn't ‎ ‎　 C. Yes, you can ‎ ‎　 D. Yes, you may ‎ ‎　4. There is _______ "s" in the word "bus". ‎ ‎　 A. a ‎ ‎　 B. an ‎ ‎　 C. the ‎ ‎　 D. / ‎ ‎　5. Neithere of us ______a doctor. ‎ ‎　 A. is ‎ ‎　 B. isn't ‎ ‎　 C. are ‎ ‎　 D. aren't ‎ ‎　6. Who was the first in the girls'_________race? ‎ ‎　 A. 400 metre ‎ ‎　 B. 400-metre ‎ ‎　 C. 400 metres ‎ ‎　 D. 400-metres ‎ ‎　7. It's too noisy here, I can't _______. ‎ ‎　 A. go to sleep ‎ ‎　 B. fall to sleep ‎ ‎　 C. sleeping ‎ ‎　 D. get to sleep ‎ ‎　8. The story happened ________ the evening of October 20, 1995. ‎ ‎　 A. at ‎ ‎　 B. on ‎ ‎　 C. in ‎ ‎　 D. to ‎ ‎　9. Could I speak to Mr Gao, please? ________. He has gone to the hospital. ‎ ‎　 A. I think so ‎ ‎　 B. Certainly, you can ‎ ‎　 C. I'm afraid not ‎ ‎　 D. I'm not sure ‎ ‎　10. I'm sorry to trouble you, Miss Hu. ________. ‎ ‎　 A. Fine, thank you. ‎ ‎　 B. All right. ‎ ‎　 C. It's very kind of you . ‎ ‎　 D. It doesn't matter. ‎ ‎　11. Can you tell me where________? ‎ ‎　 A. is the post office ‎ ‎　 B. the post office is ‎ ‎　 C. does the post office ‎ ‎　 D. the post office does ‎ ‎　12. In England, the first name is _______name, but in China, the first name is ______ name. ‎ ‎　 A. family, given ‎ ‎　 B. given, family ‎ ‎　 C. family, family ‎ ‎　 D. given, given ‎ ‎　13. Li Ping met an old friend of _______ on a train yesterday. ‎ ‎　 A. he ‎ ‎　 B. him ‎ ‎　 C. his ‎ ‎　 D. her ‎ ‎　14. Kate is ________ girl. ‎ ‎　 A. a eighteen-year-old ‎ ‎　 B. a eighteen-years-old ‎ ‎　 C. an eighteen -years-old ‎ ‎　 D. an eighteen-year-old ‎ ‎　15. Our city is getting ________. ‎ ‎　 A. beautiful and beautiful ‎ ‎　 B. beautifuler and beautifuler ‎ ‎　 C. more and more beautiful D. more beautifler and more beautifuler