2017中考英语名词复习教案 6页

中考英语名词专题复习教案 一、教学目标 ‎ 1、名词的应用及各个环节变化。‎ ‎ 2、掌握名词在试卷中的重要性。‎ 二、考查重点 1. 可数名词与不可数名词 2. 名词的单数与复数名词所有格 ‎3. 名词用法以及词义辨析 三、两课时 四、教学过程 ‎ 专有名词：‎ ‎1.表示人名 如：Jim Kate Li Lei Miss Gao ‎ ‎2.表示地名:如: China USA England Beijing ‎3.表示星期、月份等时间概念的名称，如：‎ ‎ Sunday Monday Tuesday January February ‎4.表示中外节日：‎ ‎ 国际性节日:New Year May Day Children’s Day ‎ Women’s Day ‎ 中国节日: Spring Festival Mid-autumn Day National Day 西方节日: Christmas Day Easter(复活节）Father’s Day Mother’s Day Saint Valentine’s Day(情人节)‎ ‎5. 机构或一些社会团体的名称，它们往往缩写,如: ‎ ‎ CCTV UN WTO PLA PRC UFO BBC SOS UN IT ‎ NBA IQ EQ PE RMB VIP ‎ ‎１.drink---coffee, milk,tea…‎ ‎2.food---rice,bread,meat…porridge, tofu,…‎ ‎3.sugar,salt,pepper,butter…‎ ‎4.weather---rain,snow,ice,cloud,wind…‎ ‎5.cotton,silk,wool,mental,paper,wood,glass, plastic 名词单数的表达一般可用a，an，one来修饰 注：a用于辅音音素开头的单词前,an用于元音音素开头的单词前*a book，* an English book，* an hour。‎ 名词的复数形式 ‎ 1.规则变化 ‎ (1) 一般在复数名词后加“s”/s/or/z/‎ ‎ * dog – dogs * book – books ‎ ‎ (2) 以s、x、ch、sh结尾的名词加“es”/iz/‎ ‎ *box – boxes *watch – watches ‎ ‎(3)以辅音字母加y结尾的名词,变y为i加“es” /iz/‎ ‎ * country – countries ‎ ‎ * factory – factories ‎ ‎ 请区别：如果是元音字母加y 结尾的名词则只须加“s” ‎ ‎ * boy – boys holiday-holidays ‎ ‎ * monkey – monkeys ‎ ‎(4) 以f、fe 结尾的名词,变f、fe 为v再加“es” /vz/ ‎ ‎ * half – halves * shelf – shelves ‎ ‎ * knife – knives * leaf – leaves ‎ 特殊:belief---beliefs 特殊:roof---roofs ‎(5) 以o结尾的名词,一般情况加s,读作/z/.potato，tomato，hero除外 ‎ * piano – pianos * zoo – zoos ‎ ‎ radio-radios bamboo--bamboos ‎ ‎2.不规则变化 ‎ (1)单复数同形 Chinese – Chinese fish – fish Japanese – Japanese sheep–sheep ‎ ‎ (2)变元音字母oo为ee ‎ ‎ tooth – teeth foot – feet ‎ ‎(3).变man为 men ‎ ‎ man – men woman – women ‎ ‎ policeman – policemen ‎ ‎ Frenchman – Frenchmen ‎ ‎ 请区别：German(德国人) – Germans ‎ (“中日”不变“英法”变，其余s加后面)‎ ‎(4).常以复数形式出现的名词 ‎ people clothes shoes ‎ ‎ trousers glasses ‎ ‎ 这些名词作主语时，注意它们的谓语用复数 ‎ * My clothes are newer than yours.‎ ‎3.可数名词可以被a, an, one, two以及 how many，many，a few，few，any，lots of, a lot of ， some等修饰 ‎*There are a few people in the park.‎ ‎*How many knives are there in your pencil-box?‎ ‎1.Several _____ are talking  under the tree．And they are talking about______. ‎ ‎ A．woman; children B．woman; child ‎ ‎ C．women; children ‎2. There are three in my family. ‎ ‎ A. people B. person C. child ‎3. Some ______ came to our school for a visit that day. A. Germans B. Germen ‎ ‎ C. Germany D. Germanies ‎ ‎4. In the picture there are many______ and two_______. ‎ ‎ A. sheeps; knifes B. sheeps; knife ‎ ‎ C. sheep; knives D. sheep; knife ‎ ‎5. There are four_______and two_______in the group. ‎ ‎ A. Japanese，Germen B. Japaneses，Germen ‎ C. Japanese，German D. Japanese，Germans ‎★不可数名词 ‎ 物质名词和抽象名词属于不可数名词如: water，rice，fish，meat 等。 ‎ ‎ work chalk time space music ‎ money weather homework ‎ wood information news medicine ‎1.单个的不可数名词作主语时谓语动词用单数 ‎ *Some bread is over there. ‎ ‎ *No news is good news.‎ ‎2.不可数名词不能直接被a, an, one, two等修饰，常用how much, much, a little, little, a lot of, lots of, some, any，plenty of 等修饰 ‎ *They had much money.‎ ‎ *He does little housework at home.‎ ‎ * a rice (X) two bread (X)‎ 巩固练习:‎ ‎ (1)一茶杯茶 （2）一块冰 ‎ ‎（3）两公斤肉 （4）五瓶橘汁 ‎ ‎（5）半公斤鸡肉 （6）许多瓶牛奶 ‎4.有些可数名词或不可数名词在一定情况下可相互转化，同一个词，但意思不同 ‎ glass(玻璃)– a glass(玻璃杯) work(工作) – a work(著作) time(时间) – times(次数)‎ ‎1. Please give me ______ paper. ‎ ‎ A. one B. a pieces C. a piece D. a piece of ‎2. This table is made of_______. ‎ ‎ A. many glass B. some glasses C. glasses D. glass ‎3. —What can I do for you, sir?‎ ‎ —I'd like two_________.‎ ‎ A.bottle of milk B.bottles of milks ‎ C.bottles of milk D.bottle of milks ‎4. We can do the work better with______money and ‎ ‎ ________ people.‎ ‎ A. less, fewer B. fewer, less ‎ C. little, little D. few, few ‎ 1. 当people, class, family, team, group, public, police 等集体名词做主语时，如果看成一个整体，动词就用单数；看成一个个具体成员时，就用复数。‎ 2. e.g The class are waiting for her. ‎ 1. Tom’s family _____ rather big. Tom’s family _________ film fans.‎ ‎4.news, maths, politics 表示单数意义，动词用单数。‎ ‎ e.g The news makes her very happy.‎ ‎ Maths ___ not easy for him.‎ 名词所有格 表示名词间的所有关系“ …的”‎ 一.名词所有格的构成方法 ‎ 1.一般情况下，在有生命的名词后加“’s”‎ ‎ Kangkang’s father Lucy’s book ‎ 2.以s结尾的复数名词,则在s后加“ ’”即可 ‎ Teachers’ office The Greens’ house ‎3.不以s结尾的复数名词的所有格,仍按惯例加“’s” ‎ ‎ * Children’ s Day * men’ s shoes ‎ 4.无生命名词的所有关系用of *a picture of the classroom 加名词，构成所属关系的短语 ‎ *the color of the wall ‎ ‎ 双重所有格 ‎1. June 1st is ____Day. All the Children enjoy it very much.‎ ‎ A. Children B. Childrens’ ‎ ‎ C. Children’s D. Child ‎2. The two bedroom are the ____.‎ ‎ A. twins B. twin’s C .twins’ D. twins ‎5.如果事物为 2人或2人以上共同所有，‎ 在最后一个名词后加-’s; ‎ ‎6.如果事物不是 2人或2人共同所有，而是分别有的,则在 2个名词 ‎ 后都加-’s ‎6. Lucy is ____ sister.‎ ‎ A. Mary and Jack B. Mary’s and Jack’s ‎ ‎ C. Mary and Jacks D. Mary and Jack’s ‎7. 有些表示时间、距离、国家、城市、团体的等无生 ‎ 命的东西，也可以加 -‘s 构成所有格 Ø ‎ 重难点突破 ‎ 8. It’s ____from our school to my home.‎ A. ten minutes’ walk B. ten minute’s walk C. ten minute walk D. ten minutes walk ‎1 广东的省会the capital of Guangdong ‎ ‎ ‎ ‎ ‎2 教室的门the doors of the classroom ‎3 我父亲的一个朋友a friend of my father’s ‎ ‎4 他的两个兄弟two brothers of his ‎5 爱迪生的一些发明some inventions of Edison’s ‎ ‎6 他弟弟的一张照片(照片属于他弟弟) a picture of his brother’s ‎7 他弟弟的一张照片(照片里的人是他弟弟) a picture of his brother 名词的用法 ‎ 1.修饰另一名词时,一般用单数 ‎ * There are three banana trees over there.‎ ‎ 2. man woman用做定语时,应与后面的名词保持数的一致 ‎ *We need a man teacher.‎ ‎ *They are all women workers.‎ ‎ 3.sports,clothes做定语时,仍用复数形式 ‎ *a sports star *a clothes shop 小组讨论以下练习的答案并说明其原因 ‎ 1. Our hospital needs two___doctors, Mrs. Li. You can ask your son to have a try.‎ ‎ A. women B. man ‎ ‎ C.woman D. men 小组讨论以下练习的答案并说明其原因 ‎ 1. Our hospital needs two___doctors, Mrs. Li. You can ask your son to have a try.‎ ‎ A. women B. man ‎ ‎ C.woman D. men 名词所有格的几个注意点 ‎ 可用名词所有格表示地点, 地点名词习惯上省略 ‎ * my aunt’s ( home） (我姑姑家）‎ ‎ * go to the teachers’ ( office） ‎ ‎ (去老师办公室）‎ ‎1 . Could you please get me some ________? I’m hungry. ‎ ‎ A. apple B. water ‎ ‎ C. bread D. egg ‎2. Something is wrong with my___. I can’t see anything around me.‎ ‎ A. nose B. ears C. eyes D. mouth ‎3. Mr. White has a beautiful garden with many ______ in it. ‎ A. flowers B. grass C. villages D. water ‎4. --- How far is your cousin’s home from here?‎ ‎ --- It’s about two ______ drive. ‎ A. hour’s B. hours C. hours’ D. hour ‎5. Yao Ming did a good job in the basketball match yesterday. He is my favorite ______‎ A. worker B. teacher C. dancer D. player ‎6.All the ______ teachers enjoyed themselves on March 8th，because it was their own holiday. ‎ ‎ A．man B. men C. woman D. women