2018中考语法讲解与练习16——定语从句 9页

2018 中考语法讲解与练习 16——定语从句 英语语法是英语的重要部分，在中考的选择题、语法填空、改错、造句以及 作文都会涉及，本套练习从既有讲解又有练习，是复习的好资料，提分的好助手。 语法讲解： 定语从句： 在复合句中作定语用修饰句子中某一名词或代词的从句叫定语从句。 ① 定语从句的位置：放在名词或代词的后面。如：The man who has an umbrella in his hand is my uncle. (手上抓了一把雨伞的人是我的叔叔。) ② 语法术语的改变：被修饰的名词或代词称为先行词；引导定语从句的连接词称为关系词,其中 that、 which、who 称为关系代词,where、when、how 称为关系副词。 ③ 关系代词或关系副词的作用： 关系代词 who、whom 和 whose 指人,分别在从句中作主语、宾语和定语。which 指物 that 多指物, 有 时也指人,它们在从句中可以作主语或宾语。定语从句中关系代词作从句宾语时可以省略。This is the thief (that/who/whom) we have been looking for these days. (这个就是我们近日一直在找的小偷。) / Please find a room which is big enough for all of us to live in. (请找一间足够大能住下我们全体的 房间。) 关系副词 when 或 where 引导定语从句时,它们在从句中分别作时间状语和地点状语。如：This is the room where they had a quarrel a week ago. (这是一个星期前他们吵架的房间。) / I can never forget the day when I first saw you. (我永远不会忘记第一次见到你的日子。) ④ 限制性定语从句和非限制性定语从句。限制性定语从句在句中不能省略,否则主句意思就不完整。 非限制性定语从句和主句之间往往用逗号分开,这种从句是一种附加说明,如果从句子中省去,也不 致于影响主句的意思。如：She spent the whole evening talking about her latest book, which none of us had heard of. (她一个晚上都在谈论她最近的书,我们一个人都没有听说过那本书。) [注解] 1、关系代词只能用 that 的情况：当先行词是指事物的不定代词(all, anything 等),或先行词部分含有最 高级,或含有序数词时,不能用其他的关系代词,只能用 that. 如：All that Lily told me seems untrue. (Lily 告诉我的话似乎不真实。) / Can you give me anything that has no sugar inside? (能不能给我点 里面没有糖的东西？) / This is the first two-story bus that runs in our city. (这是第一辆运行于我市的 双层公交车。) 2、关系代词在从句中作主语时一般用 who(指人)、that(指物),而不用 that 指人或用 which 指物。 如： Do you know the woman who is weeping in the corner? (你认识那个在角落里哭泣的女人吗？) / Do not tell me any words that have nothing to do with me. (跟我无关的话,请一个字也不要说。) 3、关系代词作从句的宾语时,常用 which 或 whom,较少使用 that 或 who,而且,关系代词常常省略。如： Tom’s father was the first parent whom our teacher talked to. (Tom 的父亲是我们老师第一个谈话的 人。) 4、当关系代词紧跟在介词后面时,必须用 which 或 whom,而当介词移到句尾时,则又可以使用 that 或 who. 如：This is the room in which Miss Li once lived. (= This is the room Miss Li once lived in.) (这是李 小姐曾经居住过的房间。) 练习 1、The man ________ is speaking over there is my uncle. A．who B．whom C．which 2、Some of the students are afraid of the teachers _____ strict with students. A. that is B. who is C. who are 3、Journey to the West is a book ________ influences teenagers a lot. It is very popular. A. who B. when C. which D. what 4、The matter ________ you argued about last night has been settled. A．which B．who C．what D．where 5、China's Big Military Parade (中国大阅兵) was held on September 3, 2015.This is the first time ________ China held it besides National Day. A．which B．whose C．what D．that 6、Jamie is a young cook _______ wants to improve school dinners. A. whose B. who C. which D. whom 7、On Friday night, he talked to Mr. Lu _________son was seriously ill and tried to give him some help . A. whose B. that C. who D. which 8、James is one of the students in the class _________ have ever been to Japan. A. who B. whose C. which D. whom 9、This is the reason ________ we love our math teacher. A．which B．that C．whom D．why 10、This is Amy ________pronunciation is the best in our class.We can learn a lot from her. A．when B．whom C．whose D．which 11、The girl ________ was taken care of by the nurse during the earthquake is a senior high student now. A．which B．who C．whom D．when 12、I will never forget the song ________ he sang last night. A．what B．when C．who D．that 13、Sunday is a day________ some people can go to the church with their families together in America. A．that B．who C．where D．when 14、—Did Jack come back early last night? —Yes.It was not yet eight o'clock ________ he arrived home. A．before B．when C．that D．until 15、Li Yundi, a famous Chinese pianist ________ is named “The Piano Prince”， gave a fine performance in Zhengzhou, Henan last year. A．whom B．who C．which D．whose 16、I like the teacher is strict with us. A. that B. whom C. whose 17、Great changes have taken place in our city in the past ten years.Everything ________ comes into sight is so new to me. A．that B．which C．who D．whom 18、I like music _________. A. that have great lyrics B. that I can dance C. that I can sing along D. that isn’t noisy 19、My hometown is the place______holds all my sweet memories. A. who B. which C. what 20、She often pakrs her car near the house _____she can easily get to. A. where B. who C. which D. what 21、The young lady _________ we met yesterday is our new maths teacher. A. what B. whose C. whom D. which 22、—Tom usually helps others with math problems and Mr. Li often praises him for it. —I agree. A student _______ is always helping others is worth praise. A. whom B which C. who D whose 23、—Do you enjoy the song My heart will go on? —No，I prefer songs ______ loud. A．that is B．which is C．that are 24、That man ______ gave us a talk yesterday is Mr Brown. A．who B．which C．whom 25、Most students like the teachers ______ understand them well. A．which B．who C．that 26、I like music _________. A. that have great lyrics B. that I can dance C. that I can sing along D. that isn’t noisy 27、Yesterday, Mr. Green went to his hometown and visited the old house ____ he was born in. A. which B. where C. what D. it 28、I like music can touch the hearts of people．（ ） A．who B．that C．what 29、Furious 7（《速度与激情》7）is one of the best movies this month. A. have been shown B. which has been shown C. that have been shown 30、I saw the dog along with a girl __________ was the only guide dog in our city. A. who B. which C. whom D. what 31、Do you remember the day ____ we spent together? A．which B．where C．when 32、﹣Do you like the weekly talk show，The Reader，on CCTV？ ﹣Sure．It's a great TV programme__________brings the habit of reading back into the public． A．who B．that C．what 33、This is the best novel ______ I have ever read. A. who B. where C. that 34、I like the writers________ are popular among teenagers. A. who B. whom C. which 35、–Why are you so worried? -I’ve lost the watch ______ my dad bought me on my birthday. A. what B. who C. whose D. which 36、This is the most beautiful picture _______ I have seen. A. that B. which C. whose D. what 37、The place interested her most was the Great wall. A．in which B．which C．where D．what 参考答案 一、选择题 1、A 点拨：定语从句先行词 man 指人，且关系代词在从句中作主语，应用 who。 2、C 3、C 4、A 5、D 6、B 7、A 8、A 9、D 10、C 11、B 12、D 13、D 14、B 15、B 16、A 17、A 句意：在过去的十年间，我们城市发生了巨大的变化，对我来说映入眼帘的一切都是新的。当先行词为 something, anything, everything 等表物的不定代词时，关系代词要用 that。本句先行词为 everything，故选 A。 18、D 19、B 20、C 21、C 22、C 23、C 定语从句的先行词 songs 表示的是物，所以用引导词 which 或 that，同时 songs 是复数形式，系动词应用 are， 故选 C。 24、A 本句为含有定语从句的复合句。the man 是先行词，作从句的主语，所以关系词为 who。 25、B 先行词是 the teachers，且关系代词在定语从句中作主语，故用关系代词 who。 26、D 27、A 28、B； 29、C 30、B 31、A 32、B． 33、C 34、A 35、D 【解析】 试题分析：句意：-你为什么这么担心？我丢了爸爸给我买了我的生日礼物我的手表。这里是定语从句，先行词是 watch 手表，是物，所以关系词用 which，故选 D。 考点：考查定语从句。 36、A 37、B 2018 年中考资料介绍 英语部分 1. 中考词汇辨析 122 组 2.中学英语词组大全 3.初中必背的英语重点词组句型 4.中考英语词组必考必备 5.中考英语各种题型的解题技巧 6.2018 中考英语阅读天天练系列——日常生活类 7.2018 中考英语完形天天练系列——日常生活类 8.2018 中考英语阅读天天练系列——人生百味类 9.2018 中考英语完形天天练系列——人生百味、科普宣传类 10.2018 中考英语阅读天天练系列——科普宣传类 11.2018 中考英语完形天天练系列——政治经济文化类 12.2018 中考英语阅读天天练系列——政治经济文化类 13.2018 中考英语完形天天练系列——人物传记、故事类 14.2018 中考英语完形天天练系列——综合类 15.2018 中考英语阅读天天练系列——综合类 16.2018 中考英语专项练习---作文 17.2018 中考英语专项练习---语法填空 18.2018 中考语法讲解与练习 1——动词 19.2018 中考语法讲解与练习 2——名词 20.2018 中考语法讲解与练习 3——介词 21.2018 中考语法讲解与练习 4——时态 22.2018 中考语法讲解与练习 5——语态 23.2018 中考语法讲解与练习 6——非谓语动词 24.2018 中考语法讲解与练习 7——情态动词 25.2018 中考语法讲解与练习 8——数词 26.2018 中考语法讲解与练习 9——连词 27.2018 中考语法讲解与练习 10——形容词比较、最高级 28.2018 中考语法讲解与练习 11——副词 29.2018 中考语法讲解与练习 12——冠词 30.2018 中考语法讲解与练习 13——代词 31.2018 中考语法讲解与练习 14——主谓一致 32.2018 中考语法讲解与练习 15——简单句、复合句 33.2018 中考语法讲解与练习 16——定语从句 34.2018 中考语法讲解与练习 17——宾语从句 35.2018 中考语法讲解与练习 18——综合练习 物理部分 1.2018 年中考物理模拟卷 2.2016-2017 学年毕业班中考模拟试卷物理 3.2016-2017 学年第二学期第一次质量检测物理试卷（2 份） 4.2016-2017 学年第一学期物理期末质量检测 5.2016-2017 学年第一学期物理期末质量检测 语文部分 1.2018 中考语文——文言文专题练习 数学部分 1.2018 中考数学模拟卷（一） 2.2018 中考数学专项练习---选择题（一） 3.2018 中考数学专项练习---选择题（二） 期末部分 1.2017--2018 学年上学期九年级数学期末质量检测 2.2017-2018 学年初三第一学期物理期末质量检测 3.2017--2018 学年上学期九年级化学期末质量检测