满分特训中考英语专题复习分类集训真题题型六 短文填空 专项训练三 首字母填空 21页

‎ 时间：10～12分钟/篇　　分值：1分/小题 Passage 1(2016武汉)‎ Henry was a kind, good boy. His father was dead, and his mother was very poor. He had a little sister about 2 years old. He wanted to help his mother because she could not 1.a________ earn(挣) enough money to buy food for his little family.‎ One day a man gave him a dollar for 2.r________ the pocketbook which he had lost. Henry could have kept the pocketbook because no one saw him when he found it. But his mother had taught him to be 3.h________， and never to keep what did not belong to him. So he gave the pocketbook back to the man.‎ With the dollar he bought a box, three 4.b________ and some shoe polish(鞋油). He then went to the 5.c________ of the street, and said to everyone whose boots did not look 6.n________. “Polish your boots, please？” ‎ He was so 7.p________ that gentlemen soon began to notice him, and to let him polish their boots. The first day he 8.c________ over 50 cents, which he gave to his mother to buy food with. When he gave her the money, she cried with joy and said, “You are a 9.d________， good boy, Henry. I didn't know how I could earn enough to buy bread, but now I think we can 10.m________ to get along quite well.”‎ Henry worked after school every day. He earned almost enough to support his mother and his little sister.‎ Passage 2(2016呼和浩特)‎ Many years ago, in a small village, an old man was hired(雇佣) to clear the spring(泉水) up on the mountain. He took care of the spring every day, and 1.s________ away all the leaves and other things 2.t________ would make the water dirty. Soon, beautiful swans(天鹅) came to the clear spring, and the village became a popular attraction for visitors.‎ Years passed. One evening the town leaders held a meeting. As they looked at the salary list, one of them said, “Why do we keep this old man 3.o________ year after year? I don't think we need him or his work.”Later, the old man was 4.t________ to leave.‎ For several weeks, something changed. When early 5.a________ came, the leaves began to fall off the trees, and the spring was covered with leaves. A few days later, the water was much darker. Only a few months 6.a________ the man left, all the swans left. And the 7.t________ didn't come, either.‎ Then they 8.r________ their mistake and rehired the old man. A few weeks later, the spring began to clear up. Soon new life 9.r________ to the village.‎ So, my friends, do you see? No matter how small your work seems to be, 10.n________ look down upon it. Anything that we can do will make a difference.‎ Passage 3(2016东营)‎ FAITHFUL(忠诚的) TO DEATH Some time ago, a fire broke out (爆发) in a building late at night. Nearly all the families were 1.s________ inside the house. After the firemen came, they rushed into the burning building and saved the people to the safe 2.p________．‎ The crowds thought 3.a________the people were safe. But it was not so. Two ‎ little orphan(孤儿) girls were still asleep alone at the very top of the building, in a small room. 4.N________ thought of them. Luckily, they lived with a dog. The dog tried to wake them up, but 5.f________. He ran to the window and barked(吠叫) loudly for help. 6.B________ no one noticed him. Then he climbed down the ladder(梯子) and tried to pull a fireman to the ladder. The fireman kicked him away, thinking he was mad. Then the dog ran to 7.a________ fireman, jumped on him, ran to the ladder, barking all the time and looking back as if he was asking the fireman to follow him.‎ This fireman realized there must be someone in the little room, as the dog was acting so strangely. So he followed the dog 8.u________ the ladder, there he saw the two girls and saved them.‎ Where was the 9.d________？ A brave fireman rushed into the room to look for him and found him lying near the window, choked(窒息) with smoke. He brought him down with care, but he was already 10.d________. He had given his life for his friends. What a faithful friend!‎ Passage 4(2016泰州)‎ We all need exercise. Exercise uses up food that we eat and keeps the body full of 1.e________. Exercise makes your heart and muscles(肌肉) strong. Exercise also makes you feel relaxed. If you exercise several times a week, you will stay happy and 2.h________. There are many 3.w________to exercise. You can walk, run, play sports or swim.‎ ‎4．H________， most people cannot do this. It is too far from their homes to their offices. They have no 5.c________ but to drive to work. First, these people don't have a chance to exercise because they are sitting in their cars for two to four hours each day. Second, driving is challenging, 6.e________ in rush hours, and needs too much attention. It makes a person 7.t________ out. When these people arrive home after work, they don't want to take exercise.‎ Some western countries, such as the United States, have problems with exercise. Many people don't have enough exercise. They have to work from morning till 8.n________， so they don't have time to take exercise.‎ Today, many people in the West are fat, which causes health problems. Doctors say exercise can help people both lose 9.w________ and improve their health. So many people are trying to get more exercise. But it takes time to change, and when people don't see a 10.d________ right away, they will lose heart and stop exercising.‎ Passage 5(2016攀枝花)‎ Reading newspapers has become an important part of everyday life. Some 1.p________ read newspapers as the first thing to do in the morning; others read newspapers as soon as they have free time during the day so that they can learn what is 2.h________ in the world.‎ Sometimes, we do not have enough time to read all the news 3.c________， so we just take a quick look at the front page. At other times, we may be so busy 4.t________ we only have a few minutes to look at the names of the passages.‎ Newspapers can be 5.f________ everywhere in the world. We can get many different kinds of newspapers in big cities, but in some mountain villages we can see 6.f________ newspapers.‎ Some newspapers are published(出版) once a week, 7.b________ most of the papers are published once a day with many pages, some even published twice a day! You know different people enjoy reading different newspapers. Some like world news, and others prefer short stories. They just choose what they are 8.i________ in.‎ Today newspapers in English have the largest number of 9.r________ in the world. The English language is popular, and 10.m________ Chinese students are reading English newspapers such as China Daily and 21st Century. They bring us more and more messages together with the Internet.‎ Passage 6(2016盐城)‎ ‎“MakeAWish” is one of the world's most wellknown charities. It makes wishes come true for children who have 1.s________ illnesses. It gives them hope and helps them forget about their 2.h________ problems.‎ It 3.s________ in 1980 in Phoenix, Arizona. Christopher was a 7yearold boy who was very sick. He always dreamed of becoming a 4.p________ to fly in the sky. They gave Christopher a tour of the city in a police helicopter(直升飞机)and 5.b________ a space helmet for him.‎ There are four kinds of wishes children usually have：‎ I wish to go. Children usually want to visit some 6.p________of interest, like the Statue of Liberty.‎ I wish to meet. Children sometimes want to meet their 7.f________ film stars or sports players.‎ I wish to be. Some children wish to become doctors to help people who don't have money for 8.m________ treatment.‎ I wish to have. Some children want to have a computer, a bike or many other things. 9.L________ for them, they can get what they want from the charity.‎ Let's hope more wishes will come true in the 10.f________. People who work in the charity always try for the best. Will you be one of them?‎ Passage 7(2016扬州)‎ When Italian traveller Marco Polo came to Yangzhou in the 13th century, he recorded his amazing observations in his bestselling book The Travels of Marco Polo. For over 700 years, it 1.n________ went out of print. Hollywood Filmmaker Chris Nebe follows in the footsteps of Marco Polo to explore China's mystery. He has 2.c________ twelve documentaries of Mysterious China series, including Yangzhou: A City of Timeless Culture. This 30minute documentary takes a close look at the beauty and 3.c________ of Yangzhou.‎ To live, humans and all warmblooded animals must have salt. In ancient time, salt was used as money and had the values as 4.g________. Close to the seasaltrich ‎ Yellow Sea, Yangzhou has been one of the 5.r________ cities in China because of its lively trade in salt, silk and grain. The surviving mansions and gardens of wealthy salt businessmen are witnesses of Yangzhou's great history. 6.L________ a beautiful necklace, Yangzhou Slender West Lake lovingly embraces (拥抱) the city. It has been a memorizing attraction for visitors from afar, showing the lasting 7.s________ of Yangzhou—peace and harmony (和谐)．‎ The government has tried 8.i________ best to protect the Old Town of the 2500yearold city. The area has become a great tourist attraction. At night, the streets turn into a mysterious land. Here delicious snacks and treasured souvenirs 9.w________ to be discovered.‎ The ancient art of Chinese handicrafts is celebrated in Yangzhou. Favourites among them are papercutting. Yangzhou's 10.e________ to continue the art form include China Papercutting Museum and tourists can enjoy masters' show on papercutting there.‎ Want to learn more? Why not watch the documentary in your spare time?‎ Passage 8(2016天津)‎ If you pay a visit to Liu Hasheng's restaurant in Harbin, you will find 18 robots there. They are ready to serve you and make sure that your dining 1.e________ is perfect. After the visit, you can tell others that robots serving customers isn't a dream any more.‎ It's wonderful to see 2.h________ the 18 robots work in the restaurant. The wonder 3.s________ when you walk in. You'll see a robot come up and say, “Earth person, hello! Welcome to the Robot Restaurant.” When you have ordered your 4.m________， the robots in the kitchen begin to do the cooking. After the food is 5.p________， a robot waiter will glide(滑行) out of the kitchen to serve you with the meal you've ordered. And as customers enjoy their 6.d________ food, a robot sings lovely songs for them.‎ You may ask, “Where did all these robots come from？” Liu said they were designed(设计) and 7.m________ by the Harbin Haohai Robot Company. Liu said he invested(投资) 5 million yuan in the restaurant, with each robot costing 200，000 yuan to 300，000 yuan. And the 8.w________ robot team is managed by the workers in the computer room.‎ After a busy day, all the robots will go for a ‘meal’， which is 9.e________. After 5 hours, the robots can continue their work for a day. The restaurant now provides a menu with more than 30 dishes(菜肴), and the average(平均) cost for a dinner is 10.a________ 40 to 50 yuan. Do you want to go and have a try in this restaurant?‎ ‎ ‎ Passage 9(2016德州)‎ What Would You Do?‎ What Would You Do? is a TV programme on American ABC. The programme is started by the news reporter John Quinones. He said, “It is popular with many people—both the 1.y________ and the old. It tests what people will do 2.w________ they see someone in trouble. We use hidden cameras to record what will 3.h________. Its purpose is to tell us to help people in need.”‎ Here is last week's programme.‎ In a cake shop, one actor acted as a blind woman named Pamela and the 4.o________acted as the shop worker of the cake shop. The shop worker looked down upon(瞧不起) the blind. So when the blind woman came into the shop and 5.b________a box of cakes, the shop worker cheated(欺骗)her when he gave her the change(零钱). He 6.o________gave her 6 dollars instead of 34 dollars.‎ Would someone be brave enough to 7.h________the blind woman? Yes! A woman customer stopped the shop worker 8.f________ cheating the blind. Seeing this, several other customers joined in too and asked the shop worker to return the rest(剩余的) 9.m________ to the blind woman.‎ At this time, John Quinones appeared and explained that he was recording a programme 10.c________ What would you do？. Then he interviewed the first customer who said that it was necessary to give a hand to the people in need.‎ A psychologist(心理学家)said，“It's difficult to take the first step to stand up. It needs courage.”‎ Passage 10(2016襄阳)‎ I packed, and was ready to leave for my twoday trip. I had been busy with my work. I had made 1.p________ for the trip for the last few days, and I expected to get 2.r________ for several days.‎ As I got into the car to leave, my mind flew to my kids.‎ How to keep in touch with your kids when you're busy or far away is a dilemma(两难的问题) many fathers have. Men like to focus special attention on one thing for a long 3.p________， but this can lead to trouble. Moving from work to family isn't always an easy thing. And if you don't 4.s________ your kids that you're thinking about them, they may think that you don't care.‎ As I started down the road, I suddenly stopped to 5.t________ back to my house and wrote a short message on a 6.c________ of cards to each of my children. I put each in a “secret” place where I knew they'd find it.‎ When I called the next night, they both said 7.e________， “Daddy, I got your card. When did you do that？”‎ I was moved when I heard these words. What I had never thought was that a small thing had a big influence on my kids. It proved(证明) that they were in my heart. And distance(距离) couldn't 8.s________ them from their father. To my satisfaction, they feel “love” of their father. This 9.v________ experience encouraged me to ‎ continue to do the small things to be a responsible father.‎ As fathers get much busier and have to work longer hours, they usually pay 10.l________ attention to the small things. Don't miss the good chances to let your kids see how important they are.‎ Take a moment to do a small thing for your kids. It won't 11.s________ small to them.‎ Passage 11(2016镇江)‎ When you have dinner, you follow table manners. When you have a 1.l________， you obey the rules in the classroom. But have you ever thought about needing to 2.m________ your manners in the digital(数码的) world when you use phones, emails and social media, like QQ, WeChat, etc?‎ As new research by Oxford University noted, “It's just important to treat people with respect online as it is in real life.” The study came up with some rules of good manners to live by in the digital age. Their first 3.a________ is not “oversharing” on social media, which means not posting every detail about your life online, because some of us are not creative 4.e________ to always show off our thoughts and lives on social media. The manners also 5.i________ not looking through others' phones and not gossiping (说闲话) about others over messages, 6.e________ when you choose “reply all” to send a message to a group of people.‎ Although gossip is not 7.h________ chat that can make conversations exciting, it can also be a way to spread something untrue about other people. Gossip can be even stronger on social media than in real life, so it's 8.b________ not to gossip.‎ Moreover, when you have bad news for someone, do not leave text messages on social media, chat with him or her by 9.c________ or sending personal messages.‎ Nowadays technology has 10.o________ us different ways to contact others. It is important to remember how to behave toward others online.‎ Passage 12(2016上海)‎ The Young Person's Railcard is very popular in Britain now. It gives young people the chance to buy 1.c________ train tickets across the country. Just imagine, it could take you to festivals, to see friends, or to London for a weekend break, at a lower price.‎ ‎　　　　　Who can apply?‎ Anyone between 16 and 25 years of age. You will need to provide something to ‎ 2.p________ that you are under 26.For this, only your ID card, driving licence, passport or medical card will be acceptable.‎ Or, if you are an adult student 3.o________ 25 years old but receiving formal education, you can also apply. You will need to get your teacher to sign the application form(申请表). ‘Formal education' refers to studies of more than 15 hours per week for at least 20 weeks a year in college.‎ Then take your completed application form with a recent 4.p________ of yourself, ￡28 and other materials needed to any main railway station or student travel office to apply for the card.‎ ‎　　　　　‎ How to use your railcard?‎ You can use it any time—weekends, holidays or during the week. Please ask at your local station or contact a railway travel agent for more 5.i________．‎ If a railcard does not have the user's name signed, it will be considered invalid(无效的). No one else may use either your railcard or any tickets bought with it. You will be required to pay the 6.f________ price of the ticket if you are unable to show your own railcard with the ticket for a check during a journey.‎ Tickets at reduced prices are not available for firstclass travels or for travels 7.a________， such as to France or Germany. Passengers will be asked to buy regularpriced tickets if they want to use these services.‎ 专项训练三 首字母填空 Passage 1【主旨大意】本文是一篇记叙文。讲述了亨利在父亲去世后，通过为人们刷靴子挣钱来帮助母亲维持家庭的开销。‎ 1. always【解析】句意：他想帮助他妈妈因为她不能挣足够的钱为她的小家庭买食物。根据前两句可知他妈妈总是不能挣到钱来养活他们的小家庭。结合首字母a可知应填always。‎ 2. ‎ returning 【解析】句意：一天，一个男人给了他一美元因为亨利他丢失的钱包。根据后半句“a pocketbook which he had lost”推知是因为归还了这个人的钱包，这个人才给了他一美元，结合所给首字母r可推知return符合语境，‎ 再由空前的介词for可知应填returning。3. honest 【解析】句意：但是他妈妈教他要……。根据后句“ ...and never to keep what did not belong to him.”可知此处句意指的是做人要诚实，根据空前的be可推知应填形容词honest。‎ 4. brushes【解析】句意：用这一美元他买了一个盒子，三个和一些鞋油。根据后句中“...said to everyone whose boots did not look 6.n.”可知他开始给别人擦鞋来挣钱。擦鞋应有刷子，结合所给首字母b以及空格前three可判断此处应填brushes。‎ 5. corner【解析】 句意：然后他走到一条街的，并对那些靴子看起来不……。结合所给首字母c可判断街道的角落符合语境。故应填corner。‎ 6. nice 【解析】句意：……并对那些靴子看起来不的人说，“请问，擦鞋吗？”根据常识可知只有别人的鞋脏了才会擦。根据空格前look可知此处应填入形容词。结合所给首字母n可知应填nice。‎ 7. polite【解析】句意：他很以至于绅士们很快开始注意到他，并让他来擦他们的靴子。根据前句“Polish your boots, please？”可知这个男孩很有礼貌，根据首字母p以及was可知此空应填一个形容词，故填polite。‎ 8. collected【解析】句意：第一天他超过50美分……。根据下文可知空格处表示他赚的钱超过50美分。分析句子结构可知此处缺少谓语动词。结合所给首字母c可知collect符合语境。根据上下句可知应用一般过去时，故填collected。‎ 9. dear【解析】句意：你是一个好男孩，亨利。由上文中这个男孩把他擦鞋赚来的钱给了他妈妈，可知他妈妈很感动。这句话应该是妈妈夸奖他的话，结合所给首字母d可知dear符合语境。 ‎ 10. ‎ manage【解析】句意：我不知道如何赚足够的钱来买面包，但是现在我认为我们很好地过活。根据前半句“I didn't know how I could earn enough to buy bread...”可知，妈妈一直在为家庭生计担忧，推测该句句意：儿子可以帮着挣钱后，全家可以过得好。结合所给首字母可知此处表示能努力生活得好。manage to do sth. 设法做成某事。故填manage。‎ Passage 2【主旨大意】本文是一篇记叙文。讲述了一位老人看护泉水，并每天打扫卫生，优美的环境吸引了大批的天鹅和其他鸟类以及旅游的人，‎ 后来当地领导认为他没有用了就辞退了他，结果环境变差，鸟儿和游客都不来了，老人又被返聘回来。故事告诉我们：无论你的工作多么渺小，永远不要看不起它。‎ 1. swept【解析】句意：他每天照看泉水，并所有的树叶……。根据and表并列可知，此处缺少动词。联系下文，清澈的泉水引来美丽的天鹅，可知老人每天清除所有的树叶， sweep away意为“清除”，结合前半句为一般过去时，可知此处也应用一般过去时，再根据首字母提示可知填swept。‎ 2. that【解析】句意：他每天照看泉水，并清除所有的树叶和其他使水变脏的东西。分析句子结构可知，此处缺少关系代词。修饰先行词things的定语从句应由that或which引导，再联系首字母提示可知填that。‎ 3. on【解析】句意：为什么我们让这位老人一年又一年一直工作？keep...on意为“继续”，再根据首字母提示可知填on。‎ 4. told【解析】句意：后来，老人被离开了。联系上文，可知本句表示老人被迫离开了，根据空前的was可知用一般过去时的被动语态，再根据首字母提示可知填tell的过去分词told。‎ 5. autumn【解析】句意：当早来临，树叶开始掉落……。分析句子结构可知，此处缺少名词。根据句意并结合常识，秋天树叶开始落下，再根据首字母提示可知填autumn。‎ 6. after【解析】句意：老人离开仅仅几个月，所有的天鹅都飞走了。分析句意并联系上文可知，老人走后几个月，事情都改变了，天鹅都走了，再根据首字母提示可知填after。‎ 7. tourists【解析】句意：并且也不来了。分析句子结构可知，此处缺少名词作主语。分析句意并联系上文可知环境变得不尽人意，游客也不来了，再根据首字母提示可知填tourists。8. realized/realised【解析】句意：后来他们错误，又重新聘用老人。分析句子结构可知，此处缺少动词作谓语。根据句意可知他们意识到了错误，‎ 又重新聘用老人；根据后半句可知用一般过去时，再根据首字母提示可知填realize的过去式realized或realise的过去式realised。‎ 9. returned【解析】句意：不久新生活这个村庄。分析句子结构可知，此处缺少动词。根据句意并联系上文，泉水开始干净，环境又变好了，新生活又回到了村庄。再根据首字母提示可知return最符合语境，根据上句用一般过去时，可知本句也用一般过去时，故填returned。10. never【解析】句意：无论你的工作看起来多么渺小，看不起它。根据句意并联系上文可知无论工作多小，永远不要看不起它，再根据首字母提示可知填never。‎ Passage 3【主旨大意】本文是一篇记叙文。讲述了在一次火灾中，一只忠诚而且聪明的狗救了两个女孩的故事。赞扬了它的机智与忠诚。‎ 1. sleeping【解析】句意：所有住户都在房子里正在。分析语境可知，因为是夜晚，所以都正在“睡觉”．根据句意和“were”可知，该句时态为过去进行时。根据首字母提示可知填sleeping。‎ 2. place(s)【解析】句意：他们冲进燃烧的大楼，把人们救到安全的。分析语境可知，是指把人们救到安全的地点，应填单词为place。又因为place为可数名词，单复数均可，故填place(s)。‎ 3. all【解析】句意：人们认为都安全了。根据后两句可知，人们认为“所有人”都安全了。空格处应填不定代词。根据首字母提示可知填all。 ‎ 4. Nobody【解析】句意：想到他们。分析句子成分可知此处缺少主语，应填名词或代词。根据语境可知，没有人想起他们。故填Nobody，注意句首单词首字母大写。‎ 5. failed【解析】句意：这只狗尽力叫醒他们，但是了。根据“but”可知，狗没有能够叫醒这两个婴儿，因此指失败了。通读全文可知，该句时态为一般过去时。根据语境及首字母提示可知填failed。‎ 6. But【解析】句意：没有人注意到它。分析语境可知，该句与上一句“‎ 狗在窗户那边狂吠，寻求帮助”之间为转折关系。因此用but。注意句首单词首字母大写。‎ 1. another【解析】句意：然后这只狗又跑向另一个消防员……。根据前文“Then he climbed down the ladder(梯子) and tried to pull a fireman to the ladder.”可知狗之前拉住一位消防员，但是这位消防员没理他，故此处指“另一位”消防员。根据语境及首字母提示可知填another。‎ 2. up 【解析】句意：因此他跟着这只狗爬了梯子，在那里他见到了两个女孩并且救了她们。根据前文可知，因为两个孩子在顶楼，所以消防员跟着狗往梯子上爬。根据首字母提示可知填up。‎ 3. dog【解析】句意：那只在哪里？根据下文可知，人们在找这只狗。根据首字母提示可知填dog。‎ 4. dead【解析】句意：他小心地把它带了下来，但它已经。根据后文“He had given his life for his friends.”可知狗已经死了。表示状态用“be dead”，意为“死的”。根据语境及首字母提示可知填dead。‎ Passage 4【主旨大意】本文是一篇说明文。主要讨论了锻炼的好处。然而，并不是每个人都有时间锻炼，也不是所有的人都喜欢锻炼。只有人们看到锻炼的直接效果时，才会坚持下去。1. energy【解析】句意：锻炼可以消耗完我们所吃的食物，使身体充满。从“full of e”可知，此处缺少一个以e开头的名词。“full of energy”意为“充满活力”，符合语境。故填energy。2. healthy【解析】句意：如果你一周锻炼几次，你将保持开心和。此处缺少一个以h开头的形容词，与happy并列，用来描述锻炼后的结果。锻炼的直接结果是身体健康，因此healthy符合语境。‎ 3. ways【解析】句意：有许多锻炼的。从下句“You can walk, run, play sports or swim.”可知，这里谈论的是锻炼的方式。且空前有many修饰，故填ways。‎ 4. However【解析】句意：，大多数人不能这样做。上一段主要描述锻炼的好处，这一句说很多人不能锻炼。很明显，上下文描述在这里进行了转折。逗号之前的转折性词语只能使用“however”，不能使用but。故填However。‎ 3. choice【解析】句意：他们没有，只好开车上班。联系上句“It is too far from their homes to their offices.”可知，它们开车上班是不得已的事情。“have no choice but to do sth.”是一个固定搭配，意为“除了……别无选择”。因此，choice符合语境。‎ 4. especially【解析】句意：第二，开车具有挑战性，在高峰时段。此处缺少一个以e开头的副词，用来进一步强调在高峰时期的情况。可见，能够突出在高峰时期的情况的只有副词especially符合语境，意为“尤其是，特别是”。‎ 5. tired【解析】句意：他让一个人。由上句可知，开车需要花费太多的注意力，造成的结果是人非常累。“tired out”是固定搭配，意为“筋疲力尽”，符合语境。‎ ‎8. night【解析】句意：他们必须从早到工作，所以没有时间锻炼。短语“from morning till night从早到晚”符合语境及生活常识。故填night。‎ ‎9. weight【解析】句意：医生说锻炼可以帮助人们减并改善健康。此处缺少一个以w开头的名词，用来作lose的宾语。很明显，锻炼可以帮助人们减肥，即：lose weight。故填weight。10. difference【解析】句意：但是要改变就得花时间，当人们不能立刻看到时，他们就会丧失信心而放弃锻炼。根据语境可知，人们锻炼要看到立竿见影的效果，也就是说锻炼后要与锻炼前有不同之处，这样人们才能够坚持下去。因此，difference符合语境，指锻炼前后要大不相同。‎ Passage 5【主旨大意】本文是一篇说明文。介绍了读者的阅读习惯、报纸的种类和发行情况，以及英文报纸的普及和流行。‎ 1. people【解析】句意：有些把看报作为一大早要做的第一件事，有些人在白天有空时看报纸……。结合所给首字母和语境可知填people。‎ 2. happening【解析】句意：……他们看报纸是为了了解世界上在什么。根据常识可知是了解在发生什么，故用happen。be＋doing表示正在发生的事情，故填happening。‎ ‎3. carefully【解析】句意：有时我们没有足够的时间阅读所有的新闻，所以我们只是看看头版。由下文只是快速浏览可知，‎ 没有足够时间去仔细阅读。结合所给首字母可知用careful。又因此处缺少修饰动词read的副词， 故填carefully。‎ ‎4. that【解析】句意：我们可能如此忙碌以至于仅仅用几分钟看看报纸上新闻的名称。so...that...如此……以至于……。故填that。‎ ‎5. found【解析】句意：在世界各地报纸可以被。根据下文在大城市可以找到各种各样的报纸可知，世界各地都可以找到报纸。结合所给首字母f可知用find；又因此处是被动语态，故填found。‎ ‎6. fewer【解析】句意：在大城市可以看到许多种类的报纸，但在一些小山村我们可以见到报纸。由文中的but可知此处应是转折关系，与大城市的情况相反，即农村看到报纸少。且此处含有与大城市相比的意思，应用few的比较级fewer。故填fewer。‎ ‎7. but【解析】句意：有些报纸是一周发行一次，大部分的报纸是每天发行一次且有好多版面。由前后文可知此处是与每周一次的转折关系，且所给首字母为b，可知填but。‎ ‎8. interested【解析】句意：他们只是选择阅读他们。be interested in对……感兴趣，又因所给首字母为i，故填interested。‎ ‎9. readers【解析】句意：当今，英语报纸在世界上拥有最多数量的。根据常识和所给首字母r可知是reader；the largest number of ＋名词复数，故填readers。‎ ‎10. many 【解析】句意：英语在世界上非常受欢迎，中国学生也喜欢阅读英文报纸，如《中国日报》、《21世纪报》。由于前面提到英语很受欢迎，所以后面应该是许多学生也喜欢阅读这些报纸。又因所给首字母为m，故填many。‎ Passage 6【主旨大意】本文是一篇说明文。介绍了“许愿”组织的一些活动。“许愿”组织是一个慈善机构，主要帮助那些患有重病的孩子实现他们的愿望。‎ 1. ‎ serious【解析】此处缺少一个以s开头的形容词，修饰名词illness。能够修饰illness的serious，意为“严重的”，符合语境。‎ 2. health【解析】从上句“serious illness”可知，这些孩子患有严重的健康问题，‎ 因此health填在此处符合语境。healthy意为“健康的”，填在这里并不合适。故填health。‎ 1. started【解析】此处缺少一个谓语动词的过去式，表明建立这个组织的动作发生在过去。根据语境可知start的过去式started填在这里符合语境，意为“开始，启动”。‎ 2. pilot【解析】此处缺少一个以p开头的名词，且能够从事飞行工作。再从下句“helicopter”可知，这个男孩的梦想是想当一名飞行员。故填pilot。‎ 3. bought【解析】此处缺少一个动词，与gave并列，因此应该使用动词的过去式。根据语境可知bought符合语境，指这个组织给他买了一顶太空帽。‎ 4. places【解析】参观的是一个地方，此处应该使用一个名词。由于some修饰这个词，因此应该使用复数形式。 “places of interest”是固定短语，意为“名胜”。‎ 5. favorite【解析】favorite填在这里最为合适，指孩子们最喜欢的明星。故填favorite。8. medical【解析】句意：一些孩子希望成为医生来帮助那些没钱用于治疗的人们。“medical treatment”是固定短语，意为“治疗”。因此，形容词medical填在这里符合语境。‎ 9. Lucky【解析】句意：对他们来说非常，他们可以从慈善机构获得他们想要的。可见，形容词lucky填在此处符合语境。实际上“lucky for them”是“It is lucky for them”的省略说法。注意首字母要大写。‎ 10. future【解析】句意：让我们希望更多的愿望在实现。可见，future填在这里符合语境，构成固定短语“in the future”，意为“在未来，在将来”。‎ Passage 7【主旨大意】本文是一篇说明文。介绍了好莱坞制片人克里斯蒂·里比沿着马可·波罗的足迹，他探访了中国的古迹，并拍摄了12集系列纪录片《神秘中国》，其中包括30分钟的纪录片《扬州——永恒的文化之城》，介绍了扬州的自然风光、人文，并重点介绍了扬州亭台楼阁、商业贸易和民间手工艺。‎ 1. nearly【解析】根据第一段“in his bestselling book”可知，《马可·‎ 波罗游记》是一本畅销书，所以表示从13世纪到21世纪的700多年间，这本书应该是一版再版，out of print表示“售完，销售一空；绝版”，由此可以推断此处应表达“几乎”的概念，故填nearly。‎ 1. created【解析】根据第一段可知，好莱坞制片人克里斯蒂·里比拍摄了12集系列纪录片《神秘中国》，这是电影制作，是一种艺术创造，结合空前的has可知填created。‎ 2. culture【解析】根据第一段中“Yangzhou: A City of Timeless Culture.”可知，关键词是culture，纪录片《扬州——永恒的文化之城》应该涉及扬州的自然与人文介绍，所以该句横线处应填写名词culture，反映这部纪录片的主要内容。‎ 3. gold【解析】根据短文第二段内容“In ancient time, salt was used as money and ... ”可知，古代人将盐当做钱来使用，说明在古代即当时的扬州盐价值连城，应该可以说是等同黄金的价值，所以此处应填写gold。‎ 4. richest【解析】根据短文中“Close to the seasaltrich Yellow Sea”及后面的“The surviving mansions and gardens of wealthy salt businessmen are witnesses of Yangzhou's great history.”可知，当时的扬州盐商很富有，所以该句应该指扬州在当时是中国最富有的城市之一，“one of the ＋形容词最高级＋名词复数”为固定句式，表示“最……之一”含义。故填richest。‎ 5. Like【解析】根据该句“Yangzhou Slender West Lake lovingly embraces(拥抱) the city”可知，扬州瘦西湖环抱着整个城市，所以从高空鸟瞰瘦西湖像项链一样，所以此处应该指瘦西湖就像一条漂亮的项链环绕着城市，故填介词Like。‎ 6. sight【解析】本段介绍扬州之美，介绍扬州的自然与人文景观，从“peace and harmony”可以断定这是一种风景，亭台楼阁、湖光山色之中的宁静而和谐的风光，这是扬州留在游客心中的永恒的风景，故填sight。‎ ‎8. its【解析】这里指政府致力于保护扬州古城。此处为固定搭配try one's best to do sth.，表示“尽力做某事”，故填形容词性物主代词its，指代主语the ‎ government。‎ ‎9. wait【解析】根据句式结构分析，此处缺少谓语动词，to be discovered为动词不定式短语的被动结构，应用作动词宾语。从主语为“delicious snacks and treasured souvenirs”判断，应该指这些东西在等待着游客们来发现，故横线处应填写动词wait，短语wait to be discovered指等待被发现。‎ ‎10. efforts【解析】本段介绍扬州的手工艺。根据该句的句意分析，扬州人应该是建立了“China Papercutting Museum”，并且主办了“masters' show on papercutting”，这些应该是扬州人为了传承这种艺术形式而付出的努力，所以此处应填写efforts。‎ Passage 8【主旨大意】本文是一篇说明文。介绍了哈尔滨一家餐馆用机器人为顾客服务的场面。机器人会和顾客打招呼，做顾客点的食物，上菜，在顾客吃饭时还会唱歌。这些机器人是哈尔滨一家机器人公司设计制作的，它们需要充电才能继续工作。‎ 1. experience【解析】句意：它们乐意为你服务并确保你的就餐是完美的。分析句子结构可知，此处缺少名词，且在宾语从句中作主语，再结合下文及首字母提示可知experience最符合语境，由空后的is可知是单数，故填experience。‎ 2. how【解析】句意：看18个机器人在餐馆里工作是非常精彩的。分析句子结构可知，此处缺少宾语从句的引导词。空处在宾语从句中作状语，再结合首字母提示可知how最符合语境。3. starts【解析】句意：这种奇观当你走进餐馆时。分析句子结构可知，此处缺少动词。根据生活常识可知只有走进餐馆，才能看到机器人为顾客服务的现象。结合首字母提示可知start最符合语境，本句是一般现在时，主语是第三人称单数，故填starts。‎ 4. meal【解析】句意：当你订购了你的，厨房里的机器人就开始做饭了。分析句子结构可知，此处缺少名词。根据生活常识及后一句中的“meal”可知meal最符合语境。‎ 5. prepared【解析】句意：当食物，机器人服务员会滑出厨房，‎ 端上你订购的饭食。分析句子结构可知，此处缺少动词。根据常识可知只有当饭准备好了，服务员才会为顾客端上，再结合首字母提示可知prepare最符合语境，又因为“饭”与“准备”之间为动宾关系，故填prepared。‎ 4. delicious【解析】句意：当顾客们享受他们的食物时，机器人会为他们演唱令人愉悦的歌曲。分析句子结构可知，此处缺少修饰food的形容词作定语。结合上下文语境及首字母提示可知delicious最符合语境。‎ 5. made【解析】句意：刘说它们被哈尔滨Haohai机器人公司设计和。分析句子结构可知，此处缺少动词。根据前面的设计及首字母提示可知此处表示制造，且机器人与制造之间为动宾关系，故填made。‎ 6. whole/wonderful【解析】句意：而且机器人团队被电脑房里的工作人员管理。分析句子结构可知，此处缺少修饰robot team的形容词作定语。结合上下文及首字母提示可知是整个团队，如果从机器人在餐馆里的表现来看，wonderful也符合语境，故填whole/wonderful。9. electricity【解析】句意：忙碌了一天后，所有机器人都要去吃饭，也就是。根据科学常识可知机器人需要充电才能工作，再根据首字母提示可知electricity最符合语境。‎ 10. about【解析】句意：一餐的平均费用在40到50元之间。根据空后的“40到50元之间”再结合首字母提示可知这里表示大概数字，故填about。‎ Passage 9【主旨大意】本文是一篇记叙文。讲述了美国ABC的一档电视节目What Would You Do？，并且介绍了该栏目录制的一个故事。文章鼓励人们在别人处于困境时，要主动帮助，奉献自己的一份爱心。‎ 1. young【解析】句意：它在和老人中都很受欢迎。结合所给首字母可知这里表示年轻人，故填young。 ‎ 2. when【解析】句意：这档栏目测试当人们看到有人处于困境时，他们会怎么做。结合语境及首字母可知此处应填when。‎ 3. happen【解析】句意：我们用隐蔽的摄像机录制将会什么。结合语境可知这里表示会发生什么，根据空前的will可知此处应填动词原形，故填happen。‎ 4. other【解析】本题考查固定搭配one...the other...意为“(两者中)一个……另一个 ‎……”，结合前面的one可知，此处填other。 ‎ 1. bought【解析】根据常识，走进蛋糕店应该是“购买”东西，这里为一般过去时，故填bought。 ‎ 2. only【解析】句意：他给了他6美元而没有给他34美元。这里表示只给了6美元，故用only。 ‎ 3. help【解析】句意：会有人勇敢地来这位盲人妇女吗？结合语境及首字母可知这里表示帮助，故用help。 ‎ 4. from【解析】本题考查stop sb. from doing sth.，意为“阻止某人做某事”。故填from。 9. money【解析】结合上文少找了钱，此处应该是把剩余的钱还给了那位妇女，故填money。 10. called【解析】 此句中a programme called...为固定短语，意为“一个被叫做What would you do？的节目”，called意为“被称作；被叫做”。‎ Passage 10【主旨大意】本文是一篇记叙文。文中主要讲述了一位远行的父亲在出门之前给自己的孩子们在几张卡片上留下了几句话。这让自己的孩子们很兴奋，从而让这位父亲意识到了一些在大人们看来很小的事情可能对孩子们有重大的影响。文章以此来告诉家长们：要为孩子做一些小事，因为那对于小孩子来说意味着很多。‎ 1. preparations【解析】句意：我已经为这次旅行做了几天的……。分析句子结构可知本句中对宾语设空，根据首字母提示可知名词“preparation”符合语境，此处指为旅行所做的准备工作，用复数形式。故填preparations。‎ 2. relaxed【解析】句意：……并且我希望获得几天。get可以用作实义动词或者系动词，此处可填名词作宾语或者形容词作表语。根据首字母提示以及前半句描述可知名词“rest”和形容词“relaxed”符合此处语境，但是如果填rest则需要加不定冠词a，排除rest。故填relaxed，意指放松几天。‎ 3. period【解析】句意：男人们喜欢长特别专注于一件事情，但是这可能导致麻烦。分析句子结构可知介词for后面缺少宾语，根据语境可知此处单词应该与时间有关。结合首字母提示可知名词“period周期，期间”符合此处语境，‎ 意指长时间的专注于一件事情。period是可数名词，根据前文a可知此处用单数。故填period。‎ 1. show【解析】句意：并且如果你不你的孩子们你正在想着他们，他们可能会认为你不关心他们。分析句子结构可知前半句谓语不完整，根据后半句句意及首字母提示可知动词“show展示，显示”符合此处语境，意指向你的孩子们表明你正在想着他们。所设空前已有助动词don't，故此处用原形。‎ 2. turn【解析】句意：当我上路以后，我突然停下来回到我的房子……。分析句子结构可知设空处缺少一个动词，联系下文“back to my house”此处指回到我的房子。根据首字母提示可知此处表示“返回”符合语境，turn back 返回。空前to是不定式符号，故此处用动词原形。6. couple【解析】句意：……并且在卡片上，给我的每个孩子留言了。分析句子结构可知此处所填为一个量词，根据首字母提示可知所学名词“couple”符合语境，与前后单词构成短语a couple of一对，一双，几个，符合此处语境。故填couple。‎ 7. excitedly【解析】句意：当我第二天晚上打电话时，他们都说道，……。分析句子结构可知本句不缺少主谓宾语，故可考虑填副词作状语。根据首字母提示可知所学副词“excitedly兴奋地”符合此处语境，意指他们都兴奋地说。‎ 8. separate【解析】句意：并且距离不能他们与他们的父亲。分析句子结构可知本句谓语不完整，根据前两句描述及首字母提示可知动词“separate”符合此处语境，和下文from构成固定搭配，意指距离不能把他们同他们的父亲分开。空前could是情态动词，故此处用动词原形。‎ 9. valuable【解析】句意：这次经历鼓励了我继续做一些小事情来成为一个负责任的父亲。分析句子结构可知此处单词用作定语，修饰experience。根据前文描述和首字母提示可知形容词“valuable”符合此处语境，意指这次宝贵的经历。‎ 10. less【解析】句意：由于父亲们变得更忙并且还有长时间的工作，‎ 他们通常注意一些小事。分析句子结构可知设空处单词作定语修饰名词attention，根据前半句可知此处指付出更少的注意力。根据首字母提示可知“less”符合此处语境。‎ 7. seem【解析】句意：对于他们来说，这不会是小的。分析句子结构可知本句谓语不完整，根据前一句描述及首字母提示可知动词“seem”符合语境，意指对于他们来说，这似乎不是小事。本句描述的是客观性事实，故用一般现在时。空前为情态动词的否定形式。故填动词原形seem。‎ Passage 11【主旨大意】本文是一篇应用文。介绍的是The Young Person's Railcard在英国的使用。‎ 1. cheap/cheaper【解析】句意：它给年轻人买火车票的机会。根据后句“Just imagine, it could take you to festivals, to see friends, or to London for a weekend break, at a lower price.”可知买便宜或更便宜的车票。故填cheap/ cheaper。 ‎ 2. prove【解析】句意：你需要提供一些东西你在26岁以下。根据下句“For this, only your ID card, driving licence, passport or medical card will be acceptable.”可知此句是说需提供一些东西证明，故填prove。‎ 3. over【解析】句意：如果你是一个25岁的成年学生但是正在接受正规的教育，你也可以申请。 根据上段中的第一句“Anyone between 16 and 25 years of age.”可知在16至25岁之间的人可以申请，但是在25岁以上的接受教育的人也可以申请，由首字母o可知应填over。‎ ‎4. photo/photograph/picture【解析】句意：你带上你完整的申请表格，上面有你自己最近的……。可知递交申请表时一定要有自己的照片，根据首字母p可知应填photo/photograph/picture。‎ ‎5. information【解析】句意：请向你当地的车站或铁路旅行机构咨询更多的。根据句意及首字母i可知是咨询更多的信息，应填information。 ‎ ‎6. full【解析】句意：如果在旅行中要核对你的卡时你不能出示你自己的带有票的铁路卡，你将需要支付车票的价格。根据句意和首字母f可知应填full。‎ ‎7. abroad【解析】句意：折扣价格的票不能获得firstclass旅行或者旅行。根据后半句“such as to France or Germany”可知应是出国旅行，再根据首字母a可知应填abroad。‎ Passage 12【主旨大意】本文是一篇记叙文。主要介绍了在使用手机、电子邮件和社交媒体如QQ、微信等时要注意自己的行为。‎ 1. lesson句意：当你上，你遵守班级的规章制度。根据空后的词语“you obey the rules in ‎ the classroom”及首字母提示可知应是课，故填lesson。‎ 1. mind【解析】句意：但是，你想过当你在这个数字世界里打电话、发邮件和使用一些社交媒体，如QQ、微信等时需要你的行为吗？根据句子结构，可知应填动词原形，再结合句意及首字母提示，可知应是“在意，在乎”，故填mind。‎ 2. advice【解析】句意：他们的第一条是不要在社交媒体上过度分享……。根据文章内容，可知应是他们提的建议，再结合首字母提示，可知填advice。‎ 3. enough【解析】句意：因为我们中的一些人不有创造力在社交媒体上炫耀我们的想法和生活。结合句意及首字母提示，可知有些人不够有创造性，故填enough。‎ ‎5. include【解析】句意：这些行为也不要浏览别人手机的信息，也不要说别人的闲话……。根据句意及首字母提示，可知填include。‎ ‎6. especially【解析】句意：……当你选择给一些人群发一些信息的时候。根据句子结构，可知此处缺少可修饰整个从句的副词，再结合句意及首字母提示，可知填especially。‎ ‎7. harmful【解析】句意：尽管闲话不是一种能让对话更令人激动的聊天，……。根据句子结构，可知此处填形容词修饰名词。再结合句意及首字母提示，可知填“harmful”。‎ ‎8. better【解析】句意：在社交媒体上的闲话要比在现实生活中更强大，因此不要说闲话。根据空前句子运用了比较级，再结合句意及首字母提示，可知填better。‎ ‎9. calling【解析】句意：……和他或她聊天通过或发个人信息。根据空后“or sending personal messages”可知，此处也应填与此类似的交流方式，再结合句意及首字母提示，可知填calling。10. offered【解析】句意：现如今，技术已经给我们不同的与人交流的方式。根据句子结构，可知此处缺少与前面“has”一起构成现在完成时的过去分词，再结合句意及首字母提示，可知填offered。‎