中考介词专题讲解及练习 12页

介词 ‎ I. 介词是一种用来表示词与词, 词与句之间的关系的词。在句中不能单独作句子成分。介词后面一般有名词代词或相当于名词的其他词类，短语或从句作它的宾语。介词和它的宾语构成介词词组，在句中作状语，表语，补语或介词宾语。‎ ‎   II. 介词归类大全 ‎    一、表示地理位置的介词：‎ ‎      (1)at ,in, on, to ‎        at  (1)表示在小地方;        (2)表示“在……附近，旁边”‎ ‎        in  (1)表示 在大地方;       (2)表示“在…范围之内”。‎ ‎        on 表示毗邻，接壤 ‎        to 表示在……范围外，不强调是否接壤 ‎    例句：He arrived the station at ten.‎ ‎          He is sitting the desk.‎ ‎          He arrived Shanghai yesterday.‎ ‎          Jiangsu lies the east of China.‎ ‎          Russia lies the north of China.‎ ‎          Fujian is the south of Jiangsu Province.‎ 注意:表示“树上有……”时，in和on有区别。用on表示这个事物属于树的一部分，但是用in表示这个事物在树上，并不属于树的一部分。‎ 练习：‎ There is an apple the tree and a bird the tree. ‎ ‎      (2)above, over, on 在……上 ‎         above 指在……上方,不强调是否垂直，与 below相对；‎ ‎         over指垂直的上方,与under相对,但over与物体有一定的空间，不直接接触。‎ ‎         on表示某物体上面并与之接触。‎ ‎    例句：The bird is flying my head.‎ ‎          There is a bridge the river.‎ ‎          He put his watch the desk.‎ ‎      (3)below, under 在……下面 ‎         under表示在…正下方 ‎         below表示在……下，不一定在正下方 ‎ ‎    例句 There is a cat the table.‎ ‎         Please write your name the line.‎ ‎    二、表示时间的介词：‎ ‎      (1)in , on，at 在……时 ‎        in表示较长时间，如世纪、朝代、时代、年、季节、月及一般（非特指）的早、中、晚等。‎ ‎        如：in the 20th century, in the 1950s, in 1989, in summer, in January, ‎ ‎            in the morning, in the night, in one’s life , in one’s thirties等。‎ ‎        on表示具体某一天及某一天的早、中、晚。‎ ‎        如：on May 1st, on Monday, on New Year’s Day, on a cold night ‎ ‎            in January, on a fine morning, on Sunday afternoon等。‎ ‎        at表示某一时刻或较短暂的时间，或泛指圣诞节，复活节等。 ‎ ‎        如: at 3:20, at this time of year, at the beginning of, at the end of …, ‎ ‎            at the age of …, at Christmas， at night, at noon, at this moment等。‎ ‎        注意：在last, next, this, that, some, every 等词之前一律不用介词。如：We meet every day.‎ ‎     练习：‎ ‎1．Tim is going to give his father a surprise ______ Father's Day．（　　）‎ A．in B．at C．on D．By ‎2．Some people are used to getting up late ______ a cold morning．（　　）‎ A．on B．in C．at D．of ‎ ‎(2)in, after 在……之后 ‎       “in +一段时间”表示将来的一段时间以后；‎ ‎       “after+一段时间”表示过去的一段时间以后；‎ ‎       “after+将来时间点”表示将来的某一时刻以后。‎ ‎       例句：My mother will come back in three or four days.‎ ‎             He arrived after five months. ‎ ‎             She will appear after five o’clock this afternoon. ‎ 练习：‎ ‎1．﹣Junior high school days will be over _______ a week．How are you feeling？‎ ‎﹣I'm trying to keep my cool because we've been together ________ three years．（　　）‎ A．in；in B．for；in C．in；for D．for；for ‎      (3)from, since 自从……‎ ‎        from仅说明什么时候开始，不说明某动作或情况持续多久；‎ ‎        since表示某动作或情况持续至说话时刻，通常与完成时连用。‎ ‎        例句：He studied the piano the age of three.‎ ‎              They have lived here 1978.‎ ‎      (4)after, behind 在……之后 ‎        after主要用于表示时间；‎ ‎        behind主要用于表示位置。‎ ‎        例句：We shall leave lunch.‎ ‎              Lucy is hiding an old house.‎ 三、表运动方向的介词：‎ ‎      across, through 通过，穿过 ‎      across表示横过,即从物体表面通过，与on有关；‎ ‎      through穿过,即从物体内部穿过，与in有关。‎ ‎      例句：She swam the river.‎ ‎            He walked the forest.‎ 练习：‎ ‎1．﹣﹣﹣﹣Dad，can we walk____the road now？‎ ‎﹣﹣﹣﹣No，we____．We have to wait until the light turns green．（　　）‎ A．across；needn't B．across；mustn't C．through；can't D．through；mustn't ‎    四、表示“在……之间”的介词：‎ ‎      between, among ‎      between指在两个人或两个事物之间；‎ ‎      among指在三个或三个以上的人或事物之间。‎ ‎      例句：There is a football match Class One and Class Two on the playground.‎ ‎            The teacher is standing the students.‎ ‎    五、表示其他意义的介词：‎ ‎      (1)on ,about 关于 ‎      on 表示这本书，这篇文章或演说是严肃的，或学术性的，可供专门研究这一问题的人阅读；‎ ‎      about表示内容较为普通，不那么正式。‎ ‎      例句：There will be a lecture economics this afternoon.‎ ‎            He is writing a book cooking.‎ ‎            He told me a lot his life in the summer vocation.‎ ‎      (2)by, with, in 表示方法、手段、工具 ‎       by 以……方法、手段或泛指某种交通工具；‎ ‎       with 表示用 …工具、手段，一般接具体的工具和手段；‎ ‎       in 表示用…方式，用…语言(语调、笔墨、颜色)等；‎ ‎      例句：He makes a living selling newspapers.‎ ‎            He broke the window a stone.‎ ‎            The foreigner spoke to us English.‎ ‎      (3)except, besides 除了 ‎      except 除……之外，不包括在内；‎ ‎      besides 除……之外，包括在内。‎ ‎     例句： Mr. Wang, we went to see the film.(王先生没去)‎ ‎           Mr. Wang, we also went to see the film.(王先生也去了)‎ 练习：‎ ‎1．﹣﹣﹣Are your teacher hard ____ all of you？___ Jerry，because he is much younger than others．（　　）‎ A．with，Except B．on，Except C．in，Besides D．on， Besides 一、 单项选择 ‎1．What do you know about the cartoon？‎ ‎﹣﹣﹣Well，it became very popular in western countries________ when the creator of it was only_________．（　　）‎ A．in 1990s，in his twenties B．in the 1990s，in his twenties C．in the 1990，in his twenty D．in 1990，in the twenties ‎2．﹣What can I do for you？‎ ‎﹣I hope I have a nice house________a big garden behind it．（　　）‎ A．of B．with C．by D．to ‎3．The 3﹣D film The Angry Birds opened in Chinese cinemas________ May 20，2016（　　）‎ A．on B．at C．in D．to ‎4．Her birthday is ______winter，the most beautiful season in a year．（　　）‎ A．in B．at C．on ‎5．I'd like to hold our next meeting____June 23rd．Is that OK for you？（　　）‎ A．in B．at C．on ‎6．Hurry up!The movie will begin________ 10 minutes．（　　）‎ A．over B．in C．for D．at ‎7．Look out! Look at the traffic lights ____crossing the road．（　　）‎ A．before B．after C．since ‎8．﹣The library near our school isn't open in the evening，so we can go there during the ‎ day．No problem，I'll go with you tomorrow．（　　）‎ A．day after day B．in the daytime C．all the time ‎ ‎9．﹣﹣﹣Would you please provide us____some information about the accident？‎ ‎﹣﹣﹣Sure．It happened____the morning of June 5th．（　　）‎ A．to；on B．for；in C．with；in D．with；on ‎10．I'm looking after Tom today．He's been in my house______8：00 this morning．（　　）‎ A．at B．since C．for D．till ‎11．Stephen Hawking got more than 380，000 followers in two hours ______first message on Weibo．（　　）‎ A．before B．since C．after D．until ‎12．Many young people put mobile games______anything else，thinking little of their normal lives．（　　）‎ A．along with B．behind C．before D．in front of ‎13．Yingqi Bird Nest Library，the smallest library in the world，was opened to the public in Nanjing's Huashu Village________the World Reading Day this year．（　　）‎ A．on B．in C．at D．as ‎14．Jim sits behind me，so I sit________ him．（　　）‎ A．at the end of B．in front of C．in the middle of ‎ ‎15．I often go to the bookstore________ Quancheng Road although it's crowded．（　　）‎ A．on B．for C．from D．between ‎16．Mr Green is writing________the blackboard．（　　）‎ A．in B．on C．at ‎17．﹣Oh，my god! I've left my keys in the room．I'll have to get in_____ the window．‎ ‎﹣﹣It's dangerous．You'd better wait for your mom to come back．（　　）‎ A．past B．over C．across D．through ‎18．It's so cold outside．Remember to close the door________you when you leave．（　　）‎ A．beside B．before C．with D．behind ‎19．You can buy almost everything________ the Internet，and it's very easy．（　　）‎ A．into B．for C．at D．on ‎20．Taiwan lies ______ the east of Fujian，______ the southeast of China．（　　）‎ A．on； in B．to； in C．on； to 二． 选词填空 ‎ ‎ try, how, what, if, can, wonderful , much, shop, glass , read, down, put ‎ Tom lived a way from town. One day he went into town to buy something in the shop, and after he bought 1. ________ he wanted, he went into a restaurant and sat 2 . ________ at the table. When he looked round, he saw some old people 3. ________ eyeglasses on before 4. ________ their books, so after lunch he went to a shop to buy 5. ________, too. He walked along the road, and soon found a 6. ________.‎ The man in the shop made him 7. ________ on a lot of glasses, but each time Tom said, “ No, I can’t read with these. ” ‎ The man became 8 . ________ and more puzzled (困惑) . At last he said, “ Excuse me, but 9. ________ you read at all?”‎ ‎“ No, I can’t! ” Tom said, “10. ________ I can read, do you think I will come here to buy glasses? ” ‎ ‎ ‎ 一、单项选择题 ‎1．The"teacher﹣free exam"means that students take their exams________ teachers．Students must be more honest．（　　）‎ A．without B．against C．through D．by ‎2．A good student connects what he reads________ what he sees around him．（　　）‎ A．for B．with C．in D．on ‎3．Class，let's see who can spell most words _______ these letters．（　　）‎ A．at B．into C．on D．with ‎4．Xiaogan is well known ________ the culture of "Xiao"．（　　）‎ A．in B．for C．at D．on ‎5．The Blacks usually have milk and bread________breakfast．（　　）‎ A．for B．on C．about ‎6．If you are planning a trip to a place of interest，you'd better look in your local library________ a book about it．（　　）‎ A．on B．at C．to D．for ‎7．When James arrived at the railway station，he tried to look________a place to park his car．（　　）‎ A．after B．at C．up D．for ‎8．_________ running after success，we have a lot of other interesting things to do in our lives．（　　）‎ A．By B．On C．Besides D．Except ‎9．﹣Alice，would you like to go hiking with us？‎ ‎﹣What a pity! I am free every day________today．（　　）‎ A．for B．except C．besides D．among ‎10．He borrowed some money________ me and gave it________ the poor man．（　　）‎ A．to；for B．for；to C．from；to D．to from ‎11．The local community centre is open________Monday to Saturday．（　　）‎ A．in B．from C．for D．on ‎12．It is important ___us to make full use of time．（　　）‎ A．for B．of C．with ‎13．I have been in China________1997．（　　）‎ A．since B．for C．in D．until ‎14．Although he was _____my opinion，the old professor didn't come up with his own．（　　）‎ A．against B．on C．for D．in ‎15．﹣As a nurse，her work goes________taking care of her patients．‎ ‎﹣Yes，she always thinks of others．（　　）‎ A．beyond B．beside C．behind D．between ‎16．________Journey to the West，she has also read Little Women．（　　）‎ A．Besides B．But C．Except ‎17．Fish can't live___water．（　　）‎ A．with B．in C．without D．of ‎18．﹣Have you got the answer _____ the question？‎ ‎﹣Not yet．（　　）‎ A．on B．with C．about D．to ‎19．It is necessary ______ us to help our friends out when they meet difficulties．（　　）‎ A．to B．of C．with D．for ‎20．Sleeping is a popular way to relax______students．（　　）‎ A．on B．among C．about D．between ‎21．Last Sunday，a group of pupils talked happily __a loud voice as they went to the countryside________ bike．（　　）‎ A．by； by B．in； on C．in； by ‎22．Please e﹣mail me________ sdshzs666@163．com if you have any questions．（　　）‎ A．on B．at C．to ‎23．﹣﹣George，how can you prove（证明）the earth is round？‎ ‎﹣﹣I can't，sir．_______，I never said it was．（　　）‎ A．Except B．Unless C．Besides D．Including ‎24．At the farewell party，Kobe Bryant said，"________the support of my fans，it would be hard for me to achieve such great success．"（　　）‎ A．With B．Under C．Through D．Without ‎25．____a sports fan，my brother is looking forward _____the 2016 Olympic Games in Brazil．（　　）‎ A．Of；in B．With；for C．For；at D．As；to 二、选词填空 ‎ well, brother, on , ago , I , for , make , needn’t , as , because , much, before ‎ In my spare time, I paint designs on T-shirts. I got the idea two years 1 for my 2 birthday present. The shop wanted $ 20 for a special design 3 a T-shirt, so I decided to do it 4 . I bought a white cotton T-shirt 5 $6 and some paints, and I painted a lion on the front. My brother loved it!‎ Painting T-shirts is great fun. You 6 be a great artist, you can just paint shapes and lines. The T-shirts are the 7 expensive part of my hobby. Also you ‎ have to use special fabric paints and you need to buy good quality brushes.‎ I love my hobby 8 I can make T-shirts that no-one else has. I give a lot of them away 9 presents to my family and friends. Sometimes, I sell them. Since I started, I’ve 10 about 60 T-shirts and each one is different. ‎