高考一轮复习高考英语语法综合训练29 7页

‎2019年高考一轮复习语法综合训练（二十九）‎ 一 语法填空 A 篇 ‎ ‎【2019届重庆市第一中学高三下学期第一次月考】‎ The Spring Festival, known 41． the Chinese Lunar New Year, falls on February 16th this year and 42． (mark) the start of the Year of Dog in the Chinese Lunar Calendar. Meanwhile, the Spring Festival travel season, known as Chunyun in Chinese, officially begins. It is 43． time for family reunions, so millions of Chinese people will return to their hometowns or travel around the country in 44． has become the largest human migration in the world.‎ Around 2.98 billion trips are expected to be made during the Spring Festival. Several years ago, some people had no 45． (choose) but to turn to ticket scalpers (黄牛党) for help. However, at present, unlike previous years, people find 46． much easier to get tickets. High-speed trains make trips home 47． (considerable) faster. China Railway Corp. has launched a series of 48． (service) for passengers which involve self-service counters, free smartphone apps and ubiquitous(随处可见的) travel notices, thus 49． (save) much time for the passengers. As for travel by road, the electronic toll collection system helps enhance the efficiency of travel with the system 50． (update).‎ ‎【解析】春节是中国传统的合家团圆的日子，数以亿计的中国人于农历新年到来之前，返回他们的家乡与亲人团聚。今年的春运与往年不同，买票更容易了，回家的速度快了。这是由于中国铁路公司新出台的服务，如自助服务随处可见，更大地便利了人们，节省了人们的时间。‎ ‎41．as考查固定搭配。句意：中国的春节，以农历新年而闻名。be known as…为固定搭配，意为“以….而出名”。故选as。‎ ‎42．marks考查谓语动词。句意：今年2月16日，标志着中国农历新年的开始。根据文章上下文可知，本文主要讲述中国一个传统的节日，故用一般现在时，故填marks。‎ ‎43．a考查冠词。句意：这是一个全家团聚的时间。分析句意可知，是一段时间，故填a。‎ ‎44．what考查名词从句。分析in ___4___ has become the largest human migration句子可知，本句中的介词in后有一个宾语从句，宾语从句中缺少主语，在这里指“所……的（事）”，故应该用what.‎ ‎45．choice考查固定搭配。have no choice but to do…为固定搭配，意为“别无选择，只好….”分析句子可知，填choice。句意：多年前，一些人别无选择，只好从黄牛手中买回家的票。故填choice。‎ ‎46．it考查代词。句意：然而，目前，与往年不同，人们发现买票要容易得多。分析people find much__6__easier to get tickets.句子可知，本句中find的宾语是后面的动词不定式to get ticket为宾语，但往往用it作形式宾语代替真正的宾语。故用it作形式宾语。‎ ‎47．considerably考查副词。句意：高速列车使回家的速度大大加快。considerable为形容词，但在句中要修饰形容词faster，故用其副词形式considerably。‎ ‎48．services考查名词的复数。分析句子可知，service前有a series of修饰，故要用复数形式，故填services。‎ ‎49．saving考查非谓语作结果状语。句意：中国铁路总公司推出了一系列为乘客提供的服务，包括自助服务专柜，免费智能手机应用程序和随处可见的旅游注意事项，从而节约了乘客的时间。分析句子可知，前面提供的一系列服务，导致了后面的结局，是主动关系，故用saving。‎ ‎50．updated考查过去分词作定语。本句中的with+宾语+宾语补足语结构中，with的宾语是the system,而update作the system的宾语补足语。分析句子可知，两者是被动关系，系统是被更新，因此要用过去分词，故填updated。‎ B篇 ‎【2019年全国高考考前猜题卷之大数据猜题】‎ Long before Barack Obama became president of the United States, he wrote a book 77． (call) Dream from My Father: A Story of Race and Inheritance, which has since become 78． bestseller. It is an 79． (appeal) book that includes what he went through during 80． (he) childhood. Obama has little contact with his father 81． roots were in Kenya because he left home when Obama was very young. His mother got married 82． a student from Indonesia shortly after the family moved to Jakarta. A few years later, Obama came back with his grandparents to Hawaii, where he 83． (attend) a private high school. 84． (study) at Columbia in New York City, he then entered Harvard Law School. This autobiography also touches 85． (heavy) on Obama’s exposure to racism. Readers will find his reflections of childhood 86． (experience) which involved racial discrimination to be especially moving.‎ ‎【解析】文章讲述了在奥巴马成为美国总统之前就写了一本为父亲的梦的书。这是一个关于种族和继承的故事，成为了最畅销的书。这本自传还涉及到奥巴马对种族主义的曝光。读者会发现他对童年经历的反思，其中涉及种族歧视尤其感人。‎ ‎77．考查动词。句意：在奥巴马成为美国总统之前就写了一本为父亲的梦的书。call sb. sth.过去分词作定语修饰book。故填called。‎ ‎78．考查冠词。句意：一个关于种族和继承的故事，成为了最畅销的书。故填a。‎ ‎79．考查形容词。句意：这是一本充满吸引力的书。修饰名词book应使用形容词，故填加appealing，吸引人的，令人心动的。‎ ‎80．考查代词。句意：包括他童年时期所经历的一切。修饰名词childhood，使用形容词性物主代词，故填his。‎ ‎81．考查定语从句。句意：奥巴马的父亲住在肯尼亚，他跟他的父亲几乎没有联系因为他很小的时候就离开了家。本句为定语从句，先行词为his father，故使用whose。‎ ‎82．考查固定搭配。句意：他的母亲嫁给了一个来自印度尼西亚的学生后不久，全家搬到了雅加达。be/get merried to sb.嫁给某人。故填to。‎ ‎83．考查动词时态。句意：几年后，奥巴马带着他的祖父母回到了夏威夷，在那里他就读于一所私立高中。文章使用一般过去，故填attended。‎ ‎84．考查非谓语动词。句意：在纽约哥伦比亚大学学习后，他进入哈佛法学院。having done表示动作发生在谓语动作之前。故填Having studied。‎ ‎85．考查副词。句意：这本自传还涉及到奥巴马对种族主义的曝光。修饰动词使用副词，故填heavily 。 ‎ ‎86．考查名词单复数。句意：读者会发现他对童年经历的反思，其中涉及种族歧视尤其感人。experience经历，为可数名词。故填experiences。‎ C篇 ‎【2019年全国高考考前猜题卷之大数据猜题】‎ China, which takes pride in four inventions in ancient times, has once again shown its ability 87． (change) the world with its new four great inventions : high-speed railways, electronic payment, shared bicycles and online shopping.‎ Recently, the “new four great inventions” 88． (improve) the quality of people’s lives. Thanks to online shopping and mobile payment, people can buy what they want 89． (simple) with a tap on the phone indoors. High-speed trains have shortened 90． journey from Beijing to the coastal city Tianjin to half an hour. As for the bikes, they themselves are not new. It is the operating model of bike-sharing 91． (base) on the satellite navigation (导航) system, mobile payment as well as big data 92． has surprised the world. Shared bicycles are bringing cycling back 93． people’s lives and they are making public transport more 94． (attract).‎ It is increasingly clear that China is no longer 95． (copy), western , ideas and is leading in many new ways. A growing number of foreign 96． (company) hope to promote the development in their home country by highlighting the need for technological achievements like that of China.‎ ‎【解析】试题分析：中国在古代曾经以四大发明而自豪，本文讲述今天中国正在以“新的四大发明”领先世界。新的四大发明是：高速铁路、电子支付、共享自行车和网上购物。‎ ‎87．考查不定式。句意：中国，在古代以四大发明而自豪，今天它再次以它“新的四大发明”展示了改变世界的能力。ability to do sth.表示“做……的能力”，故填to change。‎ ‎88．考查动词的时态。根据时间状语Recently可推断，此处描述过去发生一直延续到现在的动作，用现在完成时，故填have improved。‎ ‎89．考查副词。simply作状语用副词形式，simple是形容词。故填simply。‎ ‎90．考查冠词。句意：高速列车缩短了从北京到沿海城市天津的旅程，仅为半小时。此处特指“从北京到天津的旅程”，故填the。‎ ‎91．考查过去分词。句意：它是基于卫星导航系统、移动支付和大数据的一种共享单车的一种操作模式。“___ (base) on satellite navigation (导航) system, mobile payment as well as big data”作定语，与被修饰model是被动关系，用过去分词表示被动关系。故填based。‎ ‎92．考查定语从句。“__6___ has surprised the world”是定语从句，先行词是big data，从句中作主语，指物，用关系代词that。故填that。‎ ‎93．考查介词。句意：共享单车正在把自行车待会人们的生活。bring back to…“让……重新回来”是固定搭配。故填to。‎ ‎94．考查形容词。make后接复合宾语，空格处是宾语补足语，解释说明宾语public transport，用形容词作宾语补足语。attract的形容词是attractive。‎ ‎95．考查动词。句意：日益清楚，中国不再复制西方模式，正在用一种新的方式领先。由下文的and可推断，谓语动词copy与下文的谓语动词is leading时态一致，空格前的is也说明用现在进行时。故填copying。‎ ‎96．考查名词。company“公司”是可数名词，由a growing number of“越来越多的”修饰用服饰。故填companies。‎ ‎【名师点睛】‎ 形容词和副词的混用一直是改错题的常考点之一。‎ 要做好此类试题就要全面了解形容词和副词，尤其是用法区别。形容词通常作表语，定语，补语，也可作状语（通常是描述主语的某种状态或特征时才有此用法），修饰名词；副词通常作状语，可用来修饰动词、形容词、副词，还可修饰整个句子。掌握这一用法区别之后做起改错题来就没有问题了。比如第3题就是考查副词作状语，应该用副词simply来修饰介词短语，故填simply。再如第8题考查形容词作宾语补足语，make后接复合宾语，attractive作表语解释说明宾语public transport。故填attractive。‎ 二 短文改错 A篇 ‎【2019届重庆市第一中学高三下学期第一次月考】‎ When I was still young in my high school, my mother dragged me to play basketball to lose weight. However, it was turned out to be a bitter failure because I devoted my time on study. One day, a friend of mine contacted me and suggested that we started to swim. Without any hesitation, I agreed because we all thought that it was coolest thing in the world. I couldn’t forget the day on that I was thrown into the cold water. Fortunately, I survived. Honest speaking, I had a hard time recovered from the shock. Then my friend teaches me to hold my breath underwater. Finally, I succeeded. Now realizing that taking exercises is beneficial to my health, I develop a strong taste for swimming, which becomes part of my life.‎ ‎【解析】1. was去掉 考查谓语动词的时态。句意：当我还在读高中的时候，妈妈拖着我去打篮球减肥。然而，结果证明这是一个惨痛的失败。turn out to be意为“证明是，结果是，最后是”，不能用于被动语态，故要把was去掉。‎ ‎【名师点睛】turn out的用法 turn out to be 证明是，结果是，最后是。在这种结构中，往往被看作是系动词，所以不能用于被动语态。turn out to be后往往跟形容词或名词性（从句）。如：His story proved false. 他讲的情况原来是假的。‎ His advice proved sound. 他的劝告证明是对的。My intuition turned out to be correct. 我的直觉证明是对的。To my surprise, it turned out that I was wrong. 让我吃惊的是，结果竟是我错了。‎ ‎2. on 改为to 考查固定搭配。句意：结果是一次惨痛的失败，因为我把时间都花在学习上了。 devote…to…，为固定搭配，意为 “把…投入到….”，因此把on改为to。‎ ‎3. started改为start 考查虚拟语气。句意：有一天，我的一个朋友联系我，建议我们开始游泳。suggest作为动词“建议”时，从句要用虚拟语气should+动词原形，should可省略。故本句中要用(should) start，should省略。因此要把started改为start。‎ ‎【名师点睛】suggest的用法。‎ suggest表示"建议"的意思时，在主语从句It is suggested that... 及名词suggestion 后面表示具体建议的表语从句、同位语从句都应用should+动词原形，should可以省略。即也可用动词原形。‎ ‎（1）suggest +(that)+主语+(should) do + sth.其中的should 可以省略，如：‎ He suggested that you should go there tomorrow. =He suggested you go there tomorrow.‎ ‎（2）It is suggested that +主语+(should )do sth.，如：‎ It is suggested that the work (should) be finished at once.‎ ‎（3）suggestion作主语时，其后的表语从句也用这个结构，即：‎ The suggestion is that +主语+should +do sth His suggestion is that I should leave for Beijing immediately.‎ 但suggest有时也表示“暗示或表明”之意，注意此时做主语时后面的表语从句或作动词后面的宾语从句都用陈述语气。‎ 如：Her yawn suggested that she was sleepy. 她哈欠连天表明她困了。‎ Her pale face suggested bad health. 她脸色苍白，看来身体不好。‎ ‎4. all改为both 考查代词辨析。句意：我同意了，因为我们俩都认为这是世界上最酷的事情。分析句意可知，本句中的“我们”指的是“我和我的一个朋友”，两个人，“两者都”为both，而all为三者及以上的“都”，故本句中把all改为both。‎ ‎5. coolest前面加the 考查最高级的构成。句意：…这是世界上最酷的事情。本句中使用的是形容词的最高级，形容词的最高级前要加the。故在cool前加the。‎ ‎6. that改为which 考查定语从句。句意：我忘不了我被扔进冰冷水里的那一天。在定语从句中，如果把介词提到关系代词前，关系词不能that，只能用which。‎ ‎7. Honest改为Honestly 考查副词。句意：老实说，我很难从震惊中恢复过来。分析句子可知，本句中的honestly speaking为固定搭配，不能用形容词，故把Honest改为Honestly。‎ ‎8. recovered 改为recovering 考查非谓语。分析句子可知I have a hard time (in) doing sth为固定搭配，意为“做某事有困难 ”，相当于have trouble doing sth.。故本句中的recovered 改为recovering。‎ ‎9. teaches 改为taught 考查谓语动词。句意：然后我的朋友教我在水下屏住呼吸。分析句子可知，本文讲述的是过去发生的事，故用一般过去时，因此teaches改为taught。‎ ‎10. exercises改为 exercise 考查固定搭配。句意：现在意识到参加体育锻炼对我的健康有益。take exercises为固定搭配，意为“锻炼，运动”，因此exercises改为 exercise。‎ B篇 ‎【2019年全国高考考前猜题卷之大数据猜题】‎ It’s reported that many people died of traffic accidents each year. Road safety has aroused widely attention of the public Many rules have made to reduce the traffic crashes, especially for ‎ the ones involved in the pedestrians. In my opinions, we should take road safety seriously in our daily life. While used the road, we must walk on the pavement and learn to protect us. Besides, car drivers should obey the traffic rules, that is both good for themselves and others. In the word obeying the traffic rules are what all of us should pay attention to particularly. After all, life is not a small matter.‎ ‎【解析】本文是一篇记叙文。据报道每年有许多人死于交通事故。我们必须走在人行道上，学会保护我们自己。总而言之，遵守交通规则是我们所有人都应该特别注意的。‎ ‎1.考查时态。据报道，每年有许多人死于交通事故。根据each year可知句子用一般现在时态，故把died改成die。‎ ‎2.考查形容词。attention（关注）是名词，形容词修饰名词，故把widely改成wide。‎ ‎3.考查被动语态。句子主语Many rules 和make之间是被动关系，所以句子用现在完成时态的被动语态，故在have后加been。‎ ‎4.考查指代。为了减少交通事故，尤其是那些与行人有关的交通事故，已经制定了许多规则。especially 后面的 the ones指代的是句子主语，故把for去掉。‎ ‎5.考查固定词组。In one’s opinion以某人看来，故把opinions改成opinion。‎ ‎6.考查现在分词。在使用这条路的时候，我们必须走在人行道上，学会保护我们自己。句子主语we和use之间是主动关系，故把used改成using。‎ ‎7.考查代词。在使用这条路的时候，我们必须走在人行道上，学会保护我们自己。故把us改成ourselves。‎ ‎8.考查非限制性定语从句。此处rules是先行词，指物，在后面的非限制性定语从句中做主语，that不能引导非限制为性定语从句，故把that改成which。‎ ‎9.考查固定搭配。in a word总而言之，故在in和word之间加a。‎ ‎10.考查主谓一致。总而言之，遵守交通规则是我们所有人都应该特别注意的。动名词做主语后面的谓语动词用单数形式，故把are改成is。‎ C篇 ‎【安徽省A10联盟2019届高三11月联考】‎ I was entering the underground parking lot when I heard a little girl shouted, “Mama, Mama!” I looked around and saw the girl in a car alone. I went over to ask her how was the matter. She said she needed to go to the washroom badly. I tell the girl to get out and I would take him to the washroom. She was very gladly and ran with me to the washroom. After she washed her hand, I took her back to car. Still, her mom didn’t come. I really hoped the girl would tell her mom what had been happened. But next time the mom wouldn’t leave her little daughter in the car on herself.‎ ‎【答案】‎ ‎【解析】1.shouted 改为shouting 考查固定搭配。heard sb doing 听见某人做某事。我正在进入地下停车场时听到一个小女孩喊道，表示听见她正在喊，要用进行时，故把shouted 改为shouting。‎ ‎2.how 改为what 考查固定句式。句意：我走过去问怎么啦？ what was the matter? 为固定句式，“出什么事了？”‎ ‎3tell改为.told 考查谓语动词。讲述过去的事，所以把tell改为told。‎ ‎4.him 改为her 考查人称代词。我告诉那个女孩，我可以带她去洗手间。根据文章内容可知，女孩是女性，故把hin改为her。‎ ‎5.gladly 改为glad. 考查形容词作表语。她非常高兴。gladly 在句子中作表语，gladly是副词，应该用形容词，故把gladly 改为glad。‎ ‎6.hand改为hands 考查名词复数。她洗了手，每个有一双手，即两只手，故要用复数。‎ ‎7. 添加 the 考查冠词。她洗完手后，我把她带回了她们的车旁，这儿特指女孩家的车，故添加the。‎ ‎ 8.删除 been. 考查语态。我真希望那个女孩能告诉她妈妈发生了什么事。Happen，为不及物动词，不能用于被动语态。故要把been去掉。‎ ‎9.But 改为So/And 考查连词。句意：我真希望那个女孩能告诉她妈妈发生了什么事。这样的话下次妈妈不会把她的小女儿留在车上的。分析这两个句子可知是因果关系，故用But改为So/and。‎ ‎10.on改 为by. 考查固定搭配。句意：下次妈妈不会把她的小女儿独自留在车里。by oneself单独地，独自地。故 把on 改为by。‎