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模块三Unit1名词性从句
一、概述
在句子中起名词作用的从句称为名词性从句。名词性从句包括主语从句，宾语从句、表语从句和同位语从句。
二、名词性从句的引导词
1、连接代词：who, whom, whose, what, which, whoever, whatever等
2、连接副词：when, where, why, how等
3、从属连词: that, whether, if, as if, because (as if, because 只引导表语从句)
连接代词和连接副词在句中不再是疑问词，因而从句中用陈述语序。
三、用法详解
（一）主语从句
1、主语从句用连接代词、连接副词和从属连词that, whether引导。that不可省略。
That you don’t like him has nothing to do with me.
Whether John can do the experiment remains a question.
Who will be sent abroad to further his studies is not announced.
What surprised me most was that such a little girl can play the violin so well.
2、当主语过长时，常常用it作形式主语，而把真正的主语从句放在主句后面。常用句型有：
1) It +be +形容词（true, possible, certain, likely, surprising, strange, important…）+ that从句
It’s certain that she will do well in the exam.
It’s likely that he will tell me everything about that night.
2) It +be +名词词组（no wonder, an honor, a pity, high time等）+that 从句
It’s a pity that he can’t come.
It’s high time that you turned in your homework.
3) It +be +过去分词（said, reported, expected, supposed等）+that 从句
It’s said that he is quite self-confident.
It’s reported that a letter from the university has reached him.
4) It +seem/ happen/look as if等+that从句 t
It seems that Alice is not coming.
It happened that I was a witness to the accident.
5) It +doesn’t matter(make no difference)+wh-
It doesn’t matter whether you know my name or not.
It makes no difference to me where we shall have the meeting.
高考名词性从句试题
一、主语从句
1. _____________ you don’t like him is none of my business.
A. What B. Who C. That D. Whether
2. _____________ is a fact that English is accepted as an international language.
A. There B. This C. That D. It
3. _____________ we’ll go camping tomorrow depends on the weather. (1996)
A. If B. Whether C. That D. Where
4. ________ worries me the way he keeps changing his mind.
A．This B．That C．What D．It
5. It is none of your business other people think about you. Believe yourself.
A. how B. what C. which D. when
6. _______ matters most in learning English is enough practice.
A. What B. Why C. Where D. Which
7. is known to us all is that the 2008 Olympic Games will take place in Beijing.
A. It B. What C. As D. Which
8. some people regard as a drawback is seen as a plus by many others. （北京）
A. Whether B. What C. That D. How
9. It is uncertain side effect the medicine will bring about, although about two thousand patients have taken it.
A. that B. what C. how D. whether
（二）宾语从句
1、宾语从句用连接代词、连接副词和从属连词that, whether, if引导。可做及物动词的宾语，也可做介词的宾语或形容词的宾语。这些形容词都是表示思想状况或感情色彩的形容词，如certain, sure, positive, afraid, convinced, anxious, disappointed, worried, glad, happy, sorry, amazed, surprised, aware, doubtful, confident等等。如：
They promised (us) that they would respect our privacy.
Do you know whether/if any decision has been arrived at?
Scientists demand to know when and where they are wrong.
We were rather disappointed that you were not able to come yesterday.
2、在make, find, see, consider等后+it作形式宾语，如：
We consider it necessary that we should finish our homework in time.
He has made it clear that he won’t agree to the plan.
People in ancient times took it for granted that the earth was flat.
3、介词后面的宾语从句一般不能由that直接引导, 只有在except, in等少数词后，而且that不可省略。
His composition is very good except that there are some spelling mistakes.
He differs from his classmates in that he devotes his spare time to reading.
The reason lies in that she works harder than the others do.
He would have helped us but that he was short of money at the time.
要不是他当时手头紧，他会帮助我们的。
4、其他一些词后常要用it先行一步再接宾语从句：
depend on it that…
see to it that…
appreciate it that…
hate/like/dislike it when…
You can depend on it that they will support you.
I hate it when people speak with their mouths full of food.
Please see to it that the door are locked.
5、doubt一词肯定句中用whether/if引导宾语从句，在疑问句和否定句中只能用that引导。
I doubt whether really understand me.
I don’t doubt that he will come on time.
Do you doubt that he will come on time?
6、宾语从句中的连接词that有时可省有时又不可省，在以下几种情况中that不能省略：
（A）当that从句和主句谓语动词之间有插入词语或者从句主语之间有插入语时，that不可省略。The boy thinks, in fact, that smoking is bad for his health.
（B）在非正式文体中，由that引导的宾语分句中，从属连词that常省略，但是如果有两个that分句同时作句子的宾语时，第二个that通常不能省略，以免引起歧义。
I understand (that) you have studied Chinese, and that you have written Chinese poetry.
She denied (that) she had seen the men and that she had been in touch with him.
二、宾语从句
10. It was a matter of ____________ would take the position.
A. who B. whoever C. whom D. whomever
11. We haven't settled the question of ________ it is necessary for him to study abroad.
A. if B. where C. whether D. that
12. When you answer questions in a job interview, please remember the golden rule: Always give the monkey exactly ______ he wants.
A. what B. which C. when D. that
13. We cannot figure out ______ quite a number of insects, birds, and animals are dying out.
A. that B. as C. why D. when
14. I think Father would like to know _______ I've been up to so far, so I decide to send him a quick note.
A. which B. why C. what D. how
15. A modern city has been set up in ________ was a wasteland ten years ago .
A. what B. which C. that D. where
16. The other day, my brother drove his car down the street at ________ I thought was a dangerous speed.
A. as B. which C. what D. that
17. Mary wrote an article on the team had failed to win the game .
A. why B. what C. who D. that
18. The way he did it was different we were used to.
A. in which B. in what C. from what D. from which
19. Parents are taught to understand _____ important education is to their children’s future.
A. that B. how C. such D. so
20. I was surprised by her words, which made me recognize ______ silly mistakes I had made.
A. what B. that C. how D. which
21. With his work completed, the businessman stepped back to his seat, feeling pleased _____ he was a man of action.
A. which B. that C. what D. whether
22. Please remind me he said he was going. I may be in time to see him off.
A. where B. when C. how D. what
23. I just wonder __________ that makes him so excited.
A. why it does B. what he does C. how it is D. what it is
24. Choosing the right dictionary depends on ______ you want to use it for.
A. what B. why C. how D. whether
25. The seaside here draws a lot of tourists every summer. Warm sunshine and soft sands make ________ it is.
A. what B. which C. how D. where
26. You can only be sure of ______ you have at present; you cannot be sure of something ________ you might get in the future.
A. that; what B. what; / C. which; that D. /; that
27. The companies are working together to create they hope will be the best means of transport in the 21st century.
A. which B. that C. what D. who
28. She is very dear to us. We have been prepared to do it takes to save her life.
A. whichever B. however C. whatever D. whoever
29. As a new diplomat, he often thinks of he can react more appropriately on such occasions.
A. what B. which C. that D. how
30. Many young people in the West are expected to leave __ could be life’s most important decision—marriage—almost entirely up to luck.
A. as B. that C. which D. what
31. The little girl who got lost decided to remain _________she was and wait for her mother.
A. where B. what C. how D. who
32. I want to be liked and loved for I am inside.
A. who B. where C. what D. how
33. ---Have you finished the book?
---No, I’ve read up to _________the children discover the secret cave.
A. which B. what C. that D. where
34. Students are always interested in finding out ______ they can go with a new teacher.
A．how far B．how soon C．how often D．how long
35. When changing lanes, a driver should use his turning signal to let other drivers know .
A. he is entering which lane B. which lane he is entering
C. is he entering which lane D. which lane is he entering
（三）表语从句
1、表语从句用连接代词、连接副词和从属连词that, whether, as if, because引导。引导表语从句的连接词that有时可省去。
The trouble is that I have lost the document. That is where she was born.
My anger is because he often tell lies. It looks as if we will be late.
My idea is (that) we can get more comrades to help in the work.
2、注意点：
(1) Suggestion, decision, advice, idea, proposal, order, demand等作主语的表语从句中，谓语动词用虚拟should+动词原形。
My suggestion is that we should give him another chance.
Her requirement is that she should be sent to Tibet to work.
(2)主句主语是reason时, 表语从句只能用that引导，不能用because。句子结构为：
The reason why…is that…
The reason why he was late for school was that he missed the bus.
◆◆◆◆但如果it/this/that等作主语时，可用because引导表语从句：It/This/That is because…
That was because he had been ill.
36. ---I drove to Zhuhai for the air show last week.
---Is that ____________ you had a few days off?
A. why B. when C. what D. where
37. _____________ she couldn’t understand was _____________ fewer and fewer students showed interest in her lessons.
A. That; what B. What; why C. What; because D. Why; that
38. What the doctors really doubt is ___________ my mother will recover from the serious disease soon.
A. when B. how C. whether D. why
39. The traditional view is ______ we sleep because our brain is “programmed” to make us do so.
A. when B. why C. whether D. that
40. Why not try your luck downtown, Bob? That’s ______ the best jobs are. （2007年浙江）
A. where B. what C. when D. why
41. The last time we had great fun was _____ we were visiting the Water Park.
A. where B. how C. when D. why
42. One reason for her preference for city life is she can have easy access to places like shops and restaurants.
A. that B. how C. what D. why
43. ---I prefer shutting myself in and listening to music all day on Sundays.
---That’s_______I don’t agree.You should have a more active life.
A. where B. how C. when D. what
44. Part of the reason Charles Dickens loved his own novel, David Copperfield, was _______ it was rather closely modeled on his own life.
A. what B. that C. why D. whether
（四）同位语从句
1、同位语从句一般跟在某些名词后面，用以解释或说明前面的名词的内容。这些名词有：fact, news, message, doubt, possibility, idea, reason, belief, suggestion等。
The fact that Great Britain is made up of three countries is still unknown to many people..
The question who should do the work requires consideration.
2、分隔现象：同位语从句有时与从句分开。如：
My suggestion has been taken that we should collect money for the poor girl.
An idea occurred to him that he might go there by air.
3、 同位语从句和定于从句的区别：
①同位语从句是队前面的名词补充说明；定语从句是对前面的名词进行修饰限定作用。
②同位语从句中的that只起连接作用，不担任句子成分，不可以省略；定语从句中的that除了起引导作用外还在定于从句中担任主语或宾语或表语，任宾语时可以省略。区别：
The news that is spreading around the airport is that a heavy snow is coming.
The news that the plane would take off on time made everybody happy.
4、注意点
1、whether和if的区别
（1）在宾语从句中可互换，但当宾语从句是否定时只用if。
He asked me if I hadn’t finished my homework.
（2）在主语从句、表语从句和同位语从句中只能用whether。
（3）当与or not 联用时只能用whether。
（4）在动词不定式前面只能用whether。如：They haven’t decided whether to go.
（5）在介词后只能用whether。如：It depends on whether we have enough time.
2、名词性从句中主句和从句的时态一致
（1）宾语从句中主句和从句的时态保持一致，但如果从句中表示提示的是客观现象，虽然主句是过去时态，从句仍用一般现在时。如：
Hello, I didn’t know you were in London. How long have you been here?
The teacher told us that light travels at a very high speed.
（2）主语从句作主语相当于单数第三人称作主语，谓语动词用单数，如果由and 连接两个或两个以上的主语从句作主语时，谓语动词用复数；由两个或多个连接词引导一个主语从句，谓语动词用单数。如：
When the meeting will begin has not been decided yet.
When they will start and where they go have not been decided yet.
When and where the meeting will begin has not been decided.
四、同位语从句
45. ____________ is no possibility ___________ Bob can win the first prize in the match.
A. There; that B. It; that C. There; whether D. It; whether
46. There is much chance Bill will recover from his injury in time for the race.
A. that B. which C. until D. if
47. ---Is there any possibility ______ you could pick me up at the airport?
---No problem.
A. When B. that C. whether D. what
48. There is a new problem involved in the popularity of private cars ____________ road conditions need ____________.
A. that; to be improved B. which; to be improved
C. where; improving D. when; improving
49. A story goes ______ Elizabeth I of England liked nothing more that being surrounded by clever and qualified noblemen at court.
A. when B. where C. what D. that
50. Danby left word with my secretary ________ he would call again in the afternoon.
A. who B. that C. as D. which
51. --- It’s thirty years since we last met.
--- But I still remember the story, believe it or not, __________ we got lost on a rainy night.
A. which B. that C. what D. when
52. Nobody believed his reason for being absent form the class he had to meet his uncle at the airport.
A. why B. that C. where D. because
53. The fact has worried many scientists ______ the earth is becoming warmer and warmer these years.
A. what B. which C. that D. though
54. News came from the school office ________Wang Lin had been admitted to Beijing University.
A. which B. what C. that D. where
55. Along with the letter was his promise ________ he would visit me this coming Christmas.
A. which B. that C. what D. whether
56. Tomorrow is Tom’s birthday. Have you got any idea the party is to be held?
A. what B. which C. that D. where
57. We should consider the students’ request ________ the school library provide more books on popular science.
A. that B. when C. which D. where
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