淄博市2014高考英语阅读类系列系列11及答案 11页

淄博市2019高考英语阅读类系列系列（11）及答案 完形填空 ‎(201***·江西九校联考)‎ ‎ LoseWin is weak. It's easy to get stepped on. It's easy to be the nice guy. It's easy to give in，all in the name of being a peacemaker.‎ ‎ A girl named Jenny once told me about her __1__ in the world of LoseWin during her eighthgrade year before she finally broke __2__.‎ My __3__ with my mom all started one day __4__ she said to me sarcastically(讽刺地), “Wow，you're surely lively today.”I __5__ it so literally(字面地)that then and there I decided to close myself off from her and never __6__ back to her. So every time she would say something __7__ I disagreed with her，I would just say，“Okay, __8__ you want，Mom.”‎ But it really got cold quickly. And my __9__ began to build. One night I talked to my mom about the school homework and she said, “ Oh, that's __10__ .”and then went back to mop the floor.‎ ‎“Don't you even __11__？”I thought. But I didn't say anything and stormed off. She had no idea I was __12__ upset. She would have been willing to talk to me had I __13__ her how important it was to me.‎ At last，I just blew up. “Mom，this has got to __14__. You tell me everything you want me to do and I just do it because it's __15__ than fighting. Well, I'm sick of it. ”This all came as a __16__ to her.‎ After my blowup，it was really rocky for a while. We felt like we were __17__ all over in our relationship. But it's getting better all the time. We discuss things now and I always__18__ my feeling with her.‎ ‎ If you adopt LoseWin as your basic __19__ toward life, then people will wipe their dirty feet on you. You'll also be __20__ your true feelings deep inside. And that's not healthy.‎ 忍气吞声、委曲求全、把自己的真实情感隐藏起来不是种健康的生活方式，凡事要据理力争，方能获得尊严。‎ ‎1．A. wanderings B. disappointment ‎ ‎ C. lessons D. helplessness 答案：A。通过下文，Jenny的讲述可知，她经历了从妥协到气愤以致最后跟妈妈理论争得尊严的过程。因此，选“徘徊”最能说明这个过程。‎ ‎2．A. out B. down ‎ C. up D. free 答案：D。break free挣脱，“获得心灵、精神上的解放”符合Jenny争得自己尊严的结果。‎ ‎3．A. relationship B. problems ‎ C. quarrels D. improvement 答案：B。从下文看，这里指的是我跟妈妈的“问题、矛盾”。‎ ‎4．A. as B. since ‎ C. when D. before 答案：C。when引导定语从句，修饰前面的名词day，本身在定语从句中作状语。‎ ‎5．A. regarded B. treated ‎ C. received D. took 答案：D。take在此意为“接受、理解”，此处指作者并没有真正理解妈妈对她的讽刺口吻，仅仅理解她所说的话的字面意义。‎ ‎6．A. fight B. struggle ‎ C. talk D. turn[来源:Zxxk.Com]‎ 答案：C。talk back还嘴、顶嘴，此处指Jenny决定忍气吞声，不跟妈妈顶嘴。‎ ‎7．A. even if B. only if ‎ C. which D. as though 答案：A。even if“即使”引导让步状语从句，Jenny决定即使妈妈说得不对，也不去顶撞她。‎ ‎8．A. however B. whatever ‎ C. so much D. too much 答案：B。此处指Jenny总是不顶撞妈妈，妈妈说什么是什么，因此用whatever“无论什么”。‎ ‎9．A. coldness B. anger ‎ C. disagreement D. hope 答案：B。Jenny虽然不顶撞妈妈，但内心的“怒气”在聚集。下文Jenny生气暗示了答案。‎ ‎10．A. true B. impossible ‎ C. nice D. important 答案：C。从下文Jenny生气可知，此处是妈妈“敷衍”我的话，意为“好啊”，表现出妈妈对“我”的学业漠不关心。‎ ‎11．A. care B. see ‎ C. say D. listen 答案：A。care关心、在乎，此处Jenny在内心里反问：妈妈关心“我”吗？‎ ‎12．A. also B. still ‎ C. even D. already 答案：C。even此处用来加强语气。进一步说明妈妈对“我”漠不关心，意为：她不知道我更加生气了。also，still，already均不合逻辑。‎ ‎13．A. warned B. shown ‎ C. asked D. told 答案：D。此处句子结构为虚拟语气。假如我“告诉”妈妈学业对“我”来说有多么重要，她会愿意和我讲话的。‎ ‎14．A. end B. change ‎ C. last D. stop 答案：B。Jenny最后终于爆发，对妈妈说：这一切需要“改变”了，Jenny不能再忍气吞声下去了。‎ ‎15．A. worse B. easier ‎ C. more D. less 答案：B。Jenny在申诉：忍气吞声是为了避免跟妈妈发生冲突，为了大家好，即：我忍气吞声总比与你发生争执对大家“更容易”。‎ ‎16．A. surprise B. pleasure ‎ C. gift D. harm 答案：A。表示妈妈没有预料到“我”会这么生气，而且向她申诉。surprise用作可数名词，意为“令人吃惊的事情”。 ‎ ‎17．A. going B. starting ‎ C. thinking D. reviewing 答案：B。表示“我”和妈妈的关系有了新的“开始”。start all over重新开始。‎ ‎18．A. share B. have ‎ ‎ C. discuss D. improve 答案：A。share sth. with sb.与某人分享/交流某事，符合题意和搭配关系。‎ ‎19．A. way B. method ‎ ‎ C. attitude D. theory 答案：C。后面的介词是toward，因此只有选“态度”才符合题意和搭配关系。‎ ‎20．A. hurting B. waking [来源:学|科|网]‎ ‎ C. storing D. hiding 答案：D。Jenny最后发表议论，“忍气吞声”、把自己的真实情感“隐藏”起来对健康不利。‎ 短文改错（共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分）‎ 假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处语言错误，每句最多有两处，每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。‎ 增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号（∧），并在其下面写出该加的词。‎ 删除：把多余的词用斜线（） 划掉。‎ 修改：在错的词下划一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。‎ 注意：1.每处错误及其修改均仅限一词;‎ ‎2.只允许修改10处，多者（从第11处起）不计分。‎ Last Sunday my father and I went fishing along a river. We found the water very dirty that we could hardly catch any fish in it. A lot of factories along the river always poured their waste water and rubbish straightly into the river, which made the river polluting. In this way most of the fish in the river was killed. Unless the rivers all over the country are polluted like this, no living things will be exist in the water. As we all know, environmental pollution do great harm to living things. Now more and more people have realized what serious this problem is. Our government is doing her best to take measure to fight against pollution. We expect that water in every river will be made cleaner and cleaner before long.‎ ‎【参考答案】‎ very →so straightly →straight polluting →polluted was →were Unless →If ‎ be →be do →does ‎ what →how measure →measures ‎ water →the water ‎*********************************************************结束 If your preschoolers turn up their noses at carrots or celery, a small reward like a sticker for taking even a taste may help get them to eat previously disliked foods, a UK study said.‎ ‎ Though it might seem obvious that a reward could encourage young children to eat their vegetables, the idea is actually controversial, researchers wrote in the American Journal of Clinical Nutrition. That’s because some studies have shown that rewards can backfire and cause children to lose interest in foods they already liked, said Jane Wardle, a researcher at University College London who worked on the study. Verbal praise, such as “Brilliant! You’re a great vegetable taster,” did not work as well.‎ ‎ The study found t hat when parents gave their small children a sticker each time they took a “tiny taste” of a disliked vegetable, it gradually changed their attitudes. The children were also willing to eat more of the vegetables-either carrots, celery, cucumber, red pepper, cabbage or sugar snap peas-in laboratory taste tests, the study said.‎ Researchers randomly assigned（分派）173 families to one of these groups. In one, parents used stickers to reward their children each time they took a tiny sample of a disliked vegetable. A second group of parents used verbal praise. The third group, where parents used no special vegetable-promoting methods, served as a “control”‎ Parents in the reward groups offered their children a taste of the “target” vegetable every day of 12 days, Soon after, children in the sticker group were giving higher ratings to the vegetables-and were willing to eat more in the research lab, going from an average of 5 grams at the start to about 10 grams after the 12-day experience. The turnaround also seemed to last, with preschoolers in the sticker group still willing to eat more of the once disliked vegetable three months later.‎ Why didn’t the verbal praise work? Wardle said the parents’ words may have seemed “insincere” to their children.‎ ‎16．The purpose of writing the passage is .‎ A．to introduce a practical method of making children eat vegetables B．to show the procedure of an experiment on children’s diet C．to explain why children hate to eat vegetables D．to present a proper way of vernal praise to parents ‎17．The underlined word “backfire” in Paragraph 2 probably means “ ”.‎ A．shoot from behind the back B．make a lire in the hackyard C．produce an unexpected result D．achieve what was planned ‎18．According to the passage, which of the following statements is true?‎ A．Most children are born to dislike carrots or celery.‎ B．It remains a question whether rewarding is a good way to get children to eat vegetables.‎ C．Oral praise wokrs quite well in encouraging children to eat vegetables.‎ D．Children in the sticker group will never lose interest in eating vegetables.‎ ‎19．How did the researchers get their conclusion from the experiment?‎ A．By comparison. B．By asking questions.‎ C．By giving examples, D．By discussion.‎ ‎20．What can we learn from the last paragraph?‎ A．Children like rewards, not verbal praise.‎ B．Parents should praise their children in a sincere tone.‎ C．Children are difficult to inspire.‎ D．Parents should give up verbal praise.‎ ‎16‎ ‎17‎ ‎18‎ ‎19‎ ‎20‎ A C B A B ‎*************************************************************结束 ‎（201*·上海卷）(A)‎ ‎ The teacher who did the most to encourage me was, as it happened, my aunt. She was Myrtle C. Manigault, the wife of my mother’s brother Bill. She taught in second grade at all-black Summer School in Camden‎, ‎New Jersey. ‎ ‎ During my childhood and youth, Aunt Myrtle encouraged me to develop every aspect of my potential, without regard for what was considered practical or possible for black females. I liked to sing; she listened to my voice and pronounced it good. I couldn’t dance; she taught me the basic dancing steps. She took me to the theatre ____ not just children’s theatre but adult comedies and dramas --- and her faith that I could appreciate adult plays was not disappointed.‎ ‎ My aunt also took down books from her extensive library and shared them with me. I had books at home, but they were all serious classics. Even as a child I had a strong liking for humor, and I’ll never forget the joy of discovering Don Marquis’s Archy & Mehitabel through her. ‎ ‎ Most important, perhaps, Aunt Myrtle provided my first opportunity to write for publication. A writer herself for one of the black newspapers, she suggested my name to the editor as a “youth columnist”. My column, begun when I was fourteen, was supposed to cover teenage social activities---and it did---but it also gave me the freedom to write on many other subjects as well as the habit of gathering material, the discipline of meeting deadlines, and, after graduation from college six years later, a solid collection of published material that carried my name and was my passport to a series of writing jobs.‎ ‎ Today Aunt Myrtle is still an enthusiastic supporter of her “favorite niece”. Like a diamond, she has reflected a bright, multifaceted(多面的) image of possibilities to every pupil who has crossed her path.‎ ‎65. Which of the following did Aunt Myrtle do to the author during her childhood and youth?‎ ‎ A. She lent her some serious classics. B. She cultivated her taste for music.‎ ‎ C. She discovered her talent for dancing. D. She introduced her to adult plays.‎ ‎66. What does Archy & Mehitabel in Paragraph 3 probably refer to?‎ ‎ A. A book of great fun. B. A writer of high fame.‎ ‎ C. A serious masterpiece. D. A heartbreaking play.‎ ‎67. Aunt Myrtle recommended the author to a newspaper editor mainly to ____.‎ ‎ A. develop her capabilities for writing. B. give her a chance to collect material C. involve her in teenage social activities D. offer her a series of writing jobs.‎ ‎68. We can conclude from the passage that Aunt Myrtle was a teacher who _____.‎ ‎ A. trained pupils to be diligent and well-disciplined ‎ B. gave pupils confidence in exploiting their potential ‎ C. emphasized what was practical or possible for pupils ‎ D. helped pupils overcome difficulties in learning ‎【答案】DAAB ‎***************************************************************结束 ‎ A ‎ We live in an age of unprecedented(空前的) opportunity: If you’ve got ambition, drive, and smarts, you can rise to the top of your chosen profession—regardless of where you started out from. But nowadays companies aren’t managing their knowledge workers’ careers. Rather, we must each be our own chief executive officer. Only when you operate from a combination of your strengths and self-knowledge can you achieve true and lasting excellence.‎ ‎ To build a life of excellence, begin by asking yourself these questions:‎ ‎ “What Are My Strengths?”‎ ‎ To accurately identify your strengths, use feedback analysis. Every time you make a key decision, write down the outcome you expect. Several months later, compare the actual results with your expected results. Look for patterns in what you are seeing: What results are you skilled at generating? What unproductive habits are preventing you from creating the outcomes you desire? In identifying opportunities for improvement, don’t waste time developing skill areas where you have little competence. Instead, concentrate on and build on your strengths.‎ ‎“What Are My Values?”‎ What are your ethics(道德标准)? What do you see as your most important responsibilities for living a worthy, ethical life? Do your organization’s ethics resonate(共鸣) with your own values? If not, your career will be likely to be marked by frustration and poor performance.‎ ‎“Where Do I Belong?”‎ Consider your strengths, preferred work style, and values. Based on these qualities, what kind of work environment would you fit it best? Find the perfect fit, and you’ll transform yourself from a merely acceptable employee into a star performer.‎ ‎“What Can I Contribute?”‎ In earlier eras, companies told businesspeople what their contribution should be. Today, you have choices. To decide how you can best improve your organization’s performance, first ask what the situation requires. Based on your strengths, work style, and values, how might you make the greatest contribution to your organization’s efforts?‎ ‎1. The following steps are all the ways to find and improve your strengths EXCEPT_________.‎ ‎ A. writing down your expectations B. comparing the actual results ‎ C. finding out your advantages D. developing your disadvantagesm]‎ ‎2. Which of the following comments is NOT true?‎ ‎ A. People should find results they are skilled at generating.‎ ‎ B. Processing information by hearing others discuss is the most effective way of working.‎ ‎ C. People who work in one team should have similar ethics.‎ ‎ D. The fit working environment can help the workers work more efficiently.‎ ‎3. What can lead to a life of excellence?‎ ‎ A. Self-pity and powers. B. Ambition and smarts. ‎ C. Self-awareness and strengths. D. Motives and self-knowledge.‎ ‎4. How might you make the greatest contribution to your organization’s efforts?‎ ‎ A. Do what is needed. B. Identify your own strengths. ‎ C. Work in your own way. D. Obey the companies’ rules. ‎ 参考答案 DBCA ‎ ‎*******************************************************结束 完形填空 ‎(201***·福建质检)‎ The teacher sat crosslegged in front of the gathering of fourth grade students. She asked them what kinds of things would __1__ world peace. Immediately they began offering such __2__ as “Get rid of all the bombs.” “There ought to be a __3__ against war.” The teacher rose to note each offering on the board. Once the list was __4__，she sat again with the children and asked them if there was anything __5__ war in their lives.‎ They were __6__ at first but eventually they seemed to begin to __7__ that the teacher meant “war” as a metaphor(暗喻). One student said, “My brother declares a war on me when I __8__ his things. ”“ My Dad blows up at bad drivers，” offered one girl. __9__ said she did war with one of her dishonest friends.‎ ‎__10__ the thought appeared that all violence was in conflict with the idea of __11__. Through the discussion the teacher __12__ the concept that they could decrease violence and increase peace in their own lives by giving up the ideas of __13__ with others. She asked them to spend the rest of the week __14__ track of the times when they would choose to carry out peace __15__ violence.‎ By the end of the week the students had experienced dozens of examples __16__ violence and conflict had been avoided in their __17__ lives.‎ Eventually the class created a peace movement in the school. They helped rewrite school __18__ that decreased conflict. Homework became more inventive and __19__. Parent，teacher meetings always __20__ activities of the students( a dance, or an art or science exhibit). Cooperation became the primary path to peace.‎ 本文讲述了一位老师就“什么事情可以增进世界和平”这一话题，以独特的“理念”教育，通过四年级学生自身积极的实践，让学生们意识到合作是通向和平的最基本的途径。‎ ‎1．A. break B. ignore ‎ C. increase D. witness 答案：C。老师问学生什么事情能增进世界和平。increase增进，增大，增加，增强；break“破坏”和下文内容矛盾。‎ ‎2．A. cases B. events ‎ C. chances D. suggestions 答案：D。学生们立即开始提出如此或那样的各种建议。suggestion“建议”符合语境。case“例子，情况，案例，证据”虽具有一定的干扰性，但和下文学生提的是“各种建议”不吻合。‎ ‎3．A. law B. will ‎ C. deal D. duty 答案：A。应该有一个反对战争的法律。law法律，法则；duty职责，义务。‎ ‎4．A. missing B. necessary ‎ C. simple D. complete 答案：D。她(老师)把学生提供的建议都写在黑板上，一旦列举的单子被完成……‎ ‎5．A. but B. like ‎ C. against D. after 答案：B。她又重新和孩子们一起坐下，问道他们日常生活中有没有任何像战争这样的事情发生。‎ ‎6．A. puzzled B. frightened ‎ C. excited D. encouraged 答案：A。一开始他们有点困惑。puzzled困惑的，茫然的。‎ ‎7．A. state B. prove [来源:学_科_网Z_X_X_K]‎ C. realize D. guess 答案：C。但终于他们似乎开始意识到老师说的战争是一种暗喻。realize领悟，认识到，意识到。[来源:Zxxk.Com]‎ ‎8．A. receive B. bother ‎ C. collect D. reserve 答案：B。一个学生说，我哥哥因为我把他的东西弄乱了对我发动了一场“战争”。bother烦扰，打搅，弄乱。‎ ‎9．A. Each B. Another ‎ C. The one D. The other 答案：B。另一个女孩说，她和她的一个不诚实的朋友发生了“战争”。another＝an other泛指三者或三者以上中的另外一个。‎ ‎10．A. Luckily B. Suddenly ‎ C. Hopefully D. Finally 答案：D。终于这一想法出现了。finally最后，终于。‎ ‎11．A. peace B. power ‎ C. culture D. wealth 答案：A。那就是所有的暴力都是与和平相冲突的想法。peace和平，和睦，安静。‎ ‎12．A. returned B. passed ‎ C. introduced D. moved 答案：C。通过讨论老师引入了一种概念。introduce介绍，引进，提出。‎ ‎13．A. joking B. fighting ‎ C. discussing D. working 答案：B。那就是他们可以在日常生活中通过放弃那些和他人打架的想法减少暴力和增进和平。fight with sb.与某人打架。‎ ‎14．A. wasting B. appointing ‎ C. keeping D. finishing 答案：C。她让他们记录本周剩余时间他们选择和平而不是暴力的次数。keep track ‎ of记录。‎ ‎15．A. aside from B. away from ‎ C. regardless of D. instead of 答案：D。instead of替代，而不是。 [来源:Z*xx*k.Com]‎ ‎16．A. that B. where ‎ C. whether D. whose 答案：B。考查定语从句的关系词，先行词examples在定语从句中作地点状语，故用关系副词where引导定语从句。‎ ‎17．A. political B. traditional ‎ C. personal D. natural 答案：C。到了周末学生们在他们个人生活中已经有了数十次避免冲突的经历。personal私人的，个人的，亲自的。‎ ‎18．A. rules B. decisions ‎ C. records D. introductions 答案：A。最后这个班级在学校里开创了一个和平运动。他们帮助改写学校减少冲突的规则。rule规则，规章，规定，条例。‎ ‎19．A. similar B. familiar ‎ C. confusing D. interesting 答案：D。作业变得更有创意和有趣。interesting(有趣的，引人入胜的)和inventive(善于创造的，发明的，富于创新的)构成对应关系。‎ ‎20．A. started with B. belonged to ‎ C. put up with D. come up to 答案：A。家长老师会总是以孩子们的活动开始，合作成了通向和平的基本途径；start with从……开始；come up to达到，符合。‎ ‎**********************************************************结束