高考必考个句型讲与练 34页

‎2009高考学案教学法专题：高考必考40个句型讲与练 句型1‎ ‎ “wish +宾语从句”，表示不大 可能实现的愿望 表示现在的愿望：主语+过去时；‎ 表示过去的愿望：主语+had done；‎ 表示将来的愿望：主语+would/could do ‎[例句]‎ How I wish we students had more free time to relax ourselves! 我们学生多么希望有更多的自由时间放松自己！‎ I failed in the maths exam. How I wish I hadn’t wasted so much time playing!‎ What a pity you can’t go to the party. How I wish I could dance with you at the party!‎ 句型2 ‎ ‎ It’s high/about time that somebody did (should do) (should通常不省略) …早就该……‎ ‎[例句]‎ It’s time that you went to school.= It’s time that you should go to school. ‎ It’s high time that we did something to improve our environment. 该是我们为环保做些事情了。‎ I think it’s high time that she made up her mind. 我想她该拿定主意了。‎ 句型3‎ ‎ would rather that somebody did…“宁愿……；更愿意……”(表示现在或将来的愿望)‎ ‎ would rather that somebody had done…“宁愿……；更愿意……”（表示过去的愿望）‎ ‎[例句]‎ I’d rather you posted the letter right now. 我想让你现在去寄信。‎ I’d rather you were not a celebrated actor. In that case, we could spend more time together. ‎ 我到情愿你不是个知名演员，这样我们可以有更多的时间在一起。‎ I’d rather that I hadn’t seen her yesterday. 我情愿昨天没有看到她。‎ 句型4‎ as if/though+主语+did/had done…好像……（表示现在或将来的情况用过去时；表示过去的情况用过去完成时）[参考句型4]‎ ‎[例句]‎ Our head teacher treats us as if we were her own children, so all the students in our class think highly of her. ‎ Alan talked about Rome as if he had been there. Alan谈起罗马来就好像他去过那里似的。‎ 句型5‎ 情态动词+动词不定式完成结构的用法 could have done “本来可以……”（表示过去没有实现的可能）。‎ might have done “本来可能……；本来应该或可以做某事”（实际没有发生；含有轻微的责备语气。‎ should/ought to have done “本来该做某事”（而实际未做）‎ should not/ought not to have done “本来不该做”（实际却做过了，含有责备语气）‎ needn’t have done “本来不必做”（但是已经做过了）‎ would rather have done “当时宁愿做了某事”（实际没有做过）；否定式would rather not have done表达相反意思，两者都有表示“后悔”之意。‎ ‎[高考题回放]‎ ‎1. If only he _____ quietly as the doctor instructed, he would not suffer so much now.（2000上海）‎ ‎ A. lies B. lay C. had lain D. should lie ‎ ‎2. It is hard for me to imagine what I would be doing today if I _____ in love at the age of seven, with the Melinda Cox Library in my hometown.（2002上海）‎ ‎ A. wouldn’t have fallen B. had not fallen ‎ C. should fall D. were to fall ‎ ‎3. How I wish every family _____ a large house with a beautiful garden!（2003上海春季）‎ ‎ A. has B. had C. will have D. had had ‎ ‎4. If I _____ plan to do anything I wanted to, I’d like to go to Tibet and travel through as much of it as possible.（2005湖北）‎ ‎ A. would B. could C. had to D. ought to ‎ ‎5. –Don’t you think it necessary that he _____ to Miami but to New York?‎ ‎ –I agree, but the problem is _____ he has refused to.（2005江苏）‎ ‎ A. will not be sent; that B. not be sent; that ‎ ‎ C. should not be sent; what D. should not send; what ‎ ‎6. He hesitated for a moment before kicking the ball, otherwise he _____ a goal.（2001上海春季）‎ ‎ A. had scored B. scored C. would score D. would have scored ‎ ‎7. Mr. White _____ at 8:30 for the meeting, but he didn’t show up.（2004广西）‎ ‎ A. should have arrived B. should arrive ‎ C. should have had arrived D. should be arriving ‎ ‎8. He _____ have completed his work; otherwise, he wouldn’t be enjoying himself by the seaside.（2005北京）‎ ‎ A. should B. must C. wouldn’t D. can’t ‎ ‎9. –Catherine, I have cleaned the room for you. ‎ ‎ –Thanks. You _____ it. I could manage it myself.（2005福建）‎ ‎ A. needn’t do B. needn’t have done C. mustn’t do D. shouldn’t have done ‎ ‎10. –If the traffic hadn’t been so heavy, I could have been back by 6 o’clock.‎ ‎ –What a pity! Tina _____ here to see you.（2005湖南）‎ ‎ A. is B. was C. would be D. has been ‎ ‎11. –We missed you at this morning’s meeting, Diana. ‎ ‎ –_____, but if I hadn’t had to meet a friend, I would have been there.（2005重庆）‎ A. Me, too B. I’m sorry C. Never mind D. Thank you ‎ ‎12. He paid for a seat, when he _____ have entered free.（2005山东）‎ ‎ A. could B. would C. must D. need ‎ ‎13. _____ in the regulations that you should not tell other people the password of your e-mail account.（2005上海）‎ ‎ A. What is required B. What requires C. It is required D. It requires ‎ ‎14. You didn’t let me drive. If we _____ in turn, you _____ so tired. ‎ ‎ A. drove; didn’t get B. drove; wouldn’t get ‎ ‎ C. were driving; wouldn’t get D. had driven; wouldn’t have got ‎ ‎15. I didn’t see your sister at the meeting. If she _____, she would have met my brother. ‎ ‎ A. has come B. did come C. came D. had come ‎ ‎16. What would have happened, _____, as far as the riverbank?‎ ‎ A. Bob had walked farther B. if Bob should walk farther ‎ ‎ C. had Bob walked farther D. if Bob walked farther ‎ ‎17. _____ it rain tomorrow, we would have to put off the visit to the Yangpu‎ ‎Bridge. ‎ ‎ A. Were B. Should C. Would D. Will ‎ ‎18. Without the air to hold some of the sun’s heat, the earth at night _____ – too cold for us to live. ‎ ‎ A. would be freezing cold B. will be freezing coldly ‎ ‎ C. would be frozen cold D. can freeze coldly ‎ ‎19. When a pencil is partly in a glass of water, it looks as if it _____.‎ ‎ A. breaks B. has broken C. were broken D. had been broken ‎ ‎20. The two strangers talked as if they _____ friends for years. ‎ ‎ A. should be B. would be C. have been D. had been ‎ ‎21. _____ be sent to work there?‎ ‎ A. Who do you suggest B. Who do you suggest that should ‎ ‎ C. Do you suggest who should D. Do you suggest whom should ‎ ‎22. Jane’s pale face suggested that she _____ ill, and her parents suggested that she _____ a medical examination. ‎ ‎ A. be; should have B. was; have C. should be; had D. was; has ‎ ‎23. _____ fired, your health care and other benefits will not be immediately cut off.（2006湖北）‎ ‎ A. Would you be B. Should you be C. Could you be D. Might you be ‎ ‎24. I wish you’d do _____ talking and some more work. Thus things will become better.（2006江苏）‎ ‎ A. a bit less B. any less C. much more D. a little more ‎ ‎25. If it were not for the fact that she _______ sing, I would invite her to the party.（2006福建）‎ A. couldn’t B. shouldn’t C. can’t D. might not ‎[参考答案和提示] 1. C 2. B 3. B 4. B 5. B 6. D 7. A 8. B 9. B 10. B 11. B 12. A 13. C 14. D 15. D 16. C 17. B 18. A 19. C 20. D 21. A 22. B 23. B 24. A 25. C 句型6‎ as, though, although引导的让步状语从句。‎ ‎[注意]although位于句首；though位于句首或句中；as位于句中=though=that。它的词序是把句中强调的形容词、副词、动词或名词放在连词前。[参考倒装结构] 请注意下列句式的变化：‎ ‎[例句]‎ ‎1. Although/Though I’m young, I already know what career I want to follow.‎ ‎→Young as/though/that I am, I already know what career I want to follow.‎ 我虽然年轻，但我已经明白我应该追随什么样的事业。‎ ‎2. Although/Though I respect him very much, I cannot agree with his idea.‎ ‎ →Much as/that/though I respect him, I cannot agree with his idea. 虽然我很尊重他，但是我不同意他的观点。‎ ‎3. Although/Though he is a child, he knows a lot of Chinese characters. ‎ ‎ →Child（省略冠词）as/though/that he is, he knows a lot of Chinese characters. 他虽然还是个孩子，却认识了许多汉字。‎ ‎4. Although he tried, he couldn’t solve the problem.‎ ‎ →Try as he might, he couldn’t solve the problem. 尽管他努力了，但是他没有解决问题。‎ ‎5. Although it is raining, I’m going out for a walk.‎ ‎ →Raining as it is, I’m going out for a walk. 天虽然在下雨，我还是要出去散步。 ‎ ‎6. Strange as it may seem, nobody was injured in the accident. 这次意外虽然显得不可思议，却没有人受伤。‎ ‎7. Much as I would like to help, I have a lot to do. 虽然我很想帮助你，但是我有很多事要做。‎ ‎8. Object as you may, I will go. 纵使你反对，我也要去。‎ ‎[高考题回放]‎ ‎1. Mr. Hall understands that ______ math has always been easy for him, it is not easy for the students.（2003北京春季）‎ A. unless B. if C. although D. when ‎ ‎2. Parents should take seriously their children’s requests for sunglasses ______ eye protection is necessary in sunny weather.（2004上海）‎ ‎ A. because B. though C. unless D. if ‎ ‎3. _______, I have never seen anyone who’s as capable as John.（2001上海）‎ ‎ A. As long as I have traveled B. Now that I have traveled so much ‎ C. Much as I have traveled D. As I have traveled so much ‎ ‎4. _____, he talks a lot about his favorite singers after class.（2005重庆）‎ ‎ A. A quiet student as he may be B. Quiet student as he may be ‎ C. Be a quiet student as he may D. Quiet as he may be a student ‎5. _____ most of the earth’s surface is covered by water, fresh water is very rare and precious.（2006上海春季）‎ ‎ A. As B. Once C. If D. Although ‎ ‎6. Although the wind has _____, the rain remains steady, so you still need a raincoat.（2006湖北）‎ ‎ A. turned up B. gone back C. died down D. blown out ‎ ‎7. I’m certain David’s told you his business troubles. _____, it’s no secret that he owes a lot of money to the bank.（2006湖北）‎ ‎ A. However B. Anyway C. Therefore D. Though ‎ ‎8. Although she did not know Boston well, she made her way _____ to the Home Circle Building.（2006湖南）‎ ‎ A. easy enough B. enough easy C. easily enough D. enough easily ‎9. Although the causes of cancer _____, we do not yet have any practical way to prevent it.（2006山东）‎ ‎ A. are being uncovered B. have been uncovering ‎ C. are uncovering D. have uncovered ‎ ‎10. Although medical science _____ control over several dangerous disease, what worries us is that some of them are returning.（2006江苏）‎ ‎ A. achieved B. has achieved C. will achieve D. had achieved ‎ ‎11. _____ he has limited technical knowledge, the old worker has a lot of experience.（NMET2006）‎ ‎ A. Since B. Unless C. As D. Although ‎ 句型7 ‎ ‎…before…特殊用法（1）“没来得及……就……”‎ ‎[例句]‎ The roof fell before he had time to dash into the room to save his baby.‎ 他还没有来得及冲进房间救孩子，房顶就塌了。‎ He ran off before I could stop him. 我还没有来得及阻止，他已经跑了。‎ To my great disappointment, my favorite singer left the concert before I could have a word with her. ‎ 让我非常失望的是，我还没有来得及和我最喜欢的歌手打招呼，她就已经离开了。‎ 句型8 ‎ ‎…before…特殊用法（2）“过了多久才……”或“动作进行到什么程度才……”‎ ‎[例句]‎ They walked about fifty miles to the west before they saw a village.‎ 他们西行‎50英里才看到一个村庄。‎ The workers worked day and night about three days before everything returned to normal.‎ 工人们连续工作3天才使一切恢复正常。‎ He almost knocked me down before he knew it.‎ 他几乎撞到我了才意识到。‎ We had walked a long way before we found some water. ‎ 我们走了很长的路才找到一点水。‎ Five years went by before I knew it. 不知不觉，五年过去了。‎ 句型9‎ It was + 时间段+before….“过了多久才（怎么样）……”‎ It was not long before….“不久，就……”‎ It will (not) be +时间段+before….“要过多久（不久）……才……”(before从句谓语动词要用一般时态)‎ ‎[例句]‎ It was not long before he sensed the danger of the position.‎ 不久他就意识到他处境的危险。‎ It was five days before he came back. 五天后他才回来。‎ It will be half a year before you graduate from the school. 再过半年你才能毕业。‎ It will not be long before they understand each other. 他们大概不久就会互相了解。‎ ‎[高考题回放]‎ ‎1. It was evening ______ we reached the little town of ‎Winchester.（2004天津）‎ A. that B. until C. since D. before ‎ ‎2. Scientists say it may be five or six years ______ it is possible to test this medicine on human patients.（2004福建） ‎ A. since B. after C. before D. when ‎ ‎3. Someone called me up in the middle of the night, but they hung up ______ I could answer the phone.（NMET2000）‎ A. as B. since C. until D. before ‎ ‎4. He made a mistake, but then he corrected the situation ______ it got worse.（2003北京）‎ ‎ A. until B. when C. before D. as ‎ ‎5. It was some time _____ we realized the truth.（2005山东）‎ ‎ A. when B. until C. since D. before ‎ ‎6. The American Civil War lasted four years _____ the North won in the end.（2005广东）‎ ‎ A. after B. before C. when D. then ‎ ‎7. –Why didn’t you tell him about the meeting?‎ ‎ –He rushed out of the room _____ I could say a word.（2006四川）‎ ‎ A. before B. until C. when D. after ‎ ‎8. –How long do you think it will be______ China sends a manned spaceship to the moon?‎ ‎–Perhaps two or three years.（2006福建）‎ A. when B. until C. that D. before 句型10‎ in case of…(+n.) “以防；万一”；‎ in case that…“以防，万一……”（谓语动词用一般现在时态或 should+动词原形）‎ ‎[例句]‎ In case of fire, what should we do?‎ Please remind me about it in case I forget/should forget. 万一我忘了，请提醒我。‎ In case (that) John comes/should come, please tell him to wait.‎ Please take your umbrella in case (that it rains/should rain).带上雨伞，以防下雨。‎ ‎[高考题回放]‎ ‎1. The sign reads “In case of _____ fire, break the glass and push ______ red button.” (NMET2003)‎ ‎ A. 不填；a B. 不填；the C. the; the D. a; a ‎ ‎2. I don’t think I will need any money, but I’ll bring some ______.（NMET2003）‎ ‎ A. at last B. in case C. once again D. in time ‎ ‎3. I always take something to read when I go to the doctor’s _____ I have to wait.（2005全国II）‎ ‎ A. in case B. so that C. in order D. as if ‎ ‎4. You’d better take something to read when you go to the doctor _____ you have to wait.（2005广东）‎ ‎ A. even if B. as if C. in case D. in order that ‎ ‎5. He got to the station early, _____ missing his train.（2004江苏）‎ ‎ A. in case of B. instead of C. for fear of D. in search of ‎ ‎6. We always keep _____ spare paper, in case we run out.（2006浙江高考题）‎ ‎ A. too much B. a number of C. plenty of D. a good many 句型11 ‎ It强调句型 强调句的基本构成：It is/was + 被强调的部分 + who（主要指人时）/that + 其余部分 ‎[注意1]‎ 这种结构可以强调句子的主语、宾语、状语（包括时间，地点，方式，原因等），但是不能强调谓语动词（参考句型15）。‎ 原句的谓语动词如果是现在或将来时态，用It is…that/who….；‎ 原句的谓语动词如果是过去时态，用It was…that/who….； ‎ 强调时间、地点、原因或方式时不要用when, where或how, 必须用that。‎ ‎[例句1]‎ I saw him in the street yesterday afternoon.‎ ‎→It was I who saw him in the street yesterday afternoon.（强调主语）‎ ‎→It was in the street that I saw him yesterday afternoon.（强调地点状语）‎ ‎→It was yesterday afternoon that I saw him in the street.（强调时间状语） ‎ ‎→It was him that/who I saw in the street yesterday afternoon.（强调宾语）‎ ‎[例句2]‎ He didn’t go to bed until his mother came back. ‎ ‎→It was not until his mother came back that he went to bed. ‎ He didn’t do his homework until his father came back from work. ‎ ‎→It wasn’t until his father came back from work that he did his homework. ‎ ‎[例句3]‎ Only when you nearly lose someone do you fully realize how much you value him. ‎ ‎→It is only when you nearly lose someone that you fully realize how much you value him. ‎ 只有你快要失去某个人时，你才意识到你是多么尊重他。‎ ‎[例句4]‎ I was late again because the traffic was very heavy during the rush hour. ‎ ‎→It was because the traffic was very heavy during the rush hour that I was late again. ‎ ‎（强调句中只能强调由because引导的原因状语从句，because不能换成since, as, for, now that等）‎ ‎[注意2]强调句的疑问结构 一般疑问句 Is / Was it +被强调部分 +who / that …?‎ 特殊疑问句 特殊疑问词+is /was +it +who / that…? ‎ What is/was it that…? Who is/was it that…? When is/was it that…? ‎ Where is/was it that…? Why is/was it that…? How is/was it that…? ‎ ‎[例句1]‎ I saw him in the street yesterday afternoon. ‎ ‎→When was it that you saw him in the street?‎ ‎→Who was it that you saw in the street yesterday afternoon?‎ ‎→Where was it that you saw him yesterday afternoon?‎ ‎[例句2]‎ I don’t know when he will come back. ‎ ‎→I don’t know when it is that he will come back.（宾语从句疑问词后用陈述句语序）‎ ‎–How was it that you got in touch with Mr. Smith? 你是怎么和Smith先生联系上的？‎ ‎–Trough a friend of mine. 通过一个朋友。‎ ‎[高考题回放]‎ ‎1. －Wasn’t it Dr. Wang who spoke to you just now?‎ ‎－______ .‎ A. I didn’t know he was B. Yes, it was ‎ C. No, he wasn’t D. Yes, he did ‎ ‎2. ______ electricity plays such an important part in our daily life?‎ A. Why is it B. Why is it that C. Why does it D. Why was it ‎3. What _____ he brought you when he came to see you yesterday? ‎ A. is it B. is that C. was it D. was it that ‎4. Why! I have nothing to confess（承认）. _____ you want me to say?（2004上海）‎ ‎ A. What is it that B. What it is that C. How is it that D. How it is that ‎5. －_____ that he managed to get the information?‎ ‎－Oh, a friend of his helped him.（2005山东）‎ ‎ A. Where was it B. What was it C. How was it D. Why was it ‎ ‎6. It was _____ back home after the experiment.（2004湖北） ‎ ‎ A. not until midnight did he go B. until midnight that he didn’t go ‎ ‎ C. not until midnight that he went D. until midnight when he didn’t go ‎ ‎7. It was with great joy _____ he received the news that his lost daughter had been found.（2004福建）‎ ‎ A. because B. which C. since D. that ‎ ‎8. It was only with the help of the local guide _____.（2004上海春季）‎ ‎ A. was the mountain climber rescued B. that the mountain climber was rescued ‎ ‎ C. when the mountain climber was rescued D. then the mountain climber was rescued ‎ ‎9. It is these poisonous products _____ can cause the symptoms（症状）of the flu, such as headache and aching muscles.（2003上海）‎ ‎ A. who B. that C. how D. what ‎ ‎10. It was how the young man had learned five foreign languages _____ attracted the audience’s interest.（2002上海春季）‎ ‎ A. so that B. that C. what D. in which ‎ ‎11. It was for these reason _____ her uncle moved out of New York and settled down in a small village.（2001上海春季）‎ ‎ A. which B. why C. that D. how ‎ ‎12. It is the ability to do the job _____ matters not where you come from or what you are.（2000全国）‎ ‎ A. one B. that C. what D. it ‎ ‎13. It is what you do rather than what you say _____ matters.（2005天津）‎ ‎ A. that B. what C. which D. this ‎ ‎14. It’s the present situation in poor areas that _____ much higher spending on education and training.（2005北京）‎ ‎ A. answers for B. provides for C. calls for D. plans for ‎ ‎15. David said that it was because of his strong interest in literature _____ he chose the course.（2006上海春季）‎ ‎ A. that B. what C. why D. how ‎ ‎16. I just wonder _____ that makes him so excited.（2006山东）‎ ‎ A. why it does B. what he does C. how it is D. what it is ‎ ‎[参考答案和提示] 1. B 2. B 3. D 4. A 5. C 6. C 7. D 8. B 9. B 10. B 11. C 12. B 13. A 14. C 15. A 16. D 句型12‎ ‎（1）、祈使句（表条件）+ or else/or/otherwise + 主句（表结果）…… “否则……，要不然……”‎ ‎（2）、祈使句（表条件）+ and +主句（表结果）‎ ‎[例句]‎ Hurry up, or you’ll be late for class. ‎ Please call me up before you come, otherwise/or else/or we might be out.‎ 你来之前打个电话，否则，我们也许会出去。‎ Think it over and you will find the answer. ‎ Give him an inch and he will take a mile. 得寸进尺。‎ Work hard and you will make progress every day. 好好学习，天天向上。‎ ‎[高考题回放]‎ ‎1. Stand over there______ you’ll be able to see it better.（2004天津）‎ A. or B. while C. but D. and ‎ ‎2. _____ straight on and you’ll see a church. You won’t miss it.（2004湖北）‎ ‎ A. Go B. Going C. If you go D. When going ‎ ‎3. There are eight tips in Dr. Roger’s lecture on sleep, and one of them is: _____to bed early unless you think it is necessary.（2004重庆）‎ ‎ A. doesn’t go B. not to go C. to going D. don’t go ‎ ‎4. –English has a large vocabulary, hasn’t it?‎ ‎ –Yes. _____ more words and expressions and you will it easier to read and communicate.（2004上海）‎ ‎ A. Know B. Knowing C. To know D. Known ‎ ‎5. Turn on the television or open a magazine and you _____ advertisements showing happy families.（2004湖南）‎ ‎ A. will often see B. often see C. are often seeing D. have often seen ‎ ‎6. _____ blood if you can and many lives will be saved.（2001上海）‎ ‎ A. Giving B. Give C. Given D. To give ‎ ‎7. _____ at the door before entering please.（2001春季）‎ ‎ A. Knocked B. To knock C. Knocking D. Knock ‎ ‎8. _____ some of this juice—perhaps you will like it.（2000春季）‎ ‎ A. Trying B. Try C. To try D. Have tried ‎ ‎9. –What should I do with this passage?‎ ‎ –_____the main idea of each paragraph.（2005重庆）‎ ‎ A. Finding out B. Found out C. Find out D. To find out ‎ ‎10. –Can the project be finished as planned?‎ ‎ –Sure, _____ it completed in time, we’ll work two more hours a day.（2005福建）‎ ‎ A. having got B. to get C. getting D. get ‎ ‎11. _____ more about university courses, call (920)746-3789.（2005浙江）‎ ‎ A. To find out B. Finding out C. Find out D. Having found out ‎ ‎12. Follow your doctor’s advice, _____ your cough will get worse.（2005辽宁）‎ ‎ A. or B. and C. then D. so ‎ ‎13. If you are planning to spend your money having fun this week, better _____it—you’ve got ‎ some big bills coming.（2004广东）‎ A. forget B. forgot C. forgetting D. to forget ‎ ‎14. Don’t be discouraged. _____ things as they are and you will enjoy every day of your life. ‎ ‎ A. Taking B. To take C. Take D. Taken ‎ ‎15. _____ and I’ll get the work finished.（2006重庆高考题）‎ ‎ A. Have one more hour B. One more hour ‎ C. Given one more hour D. If I have one more hour ‎ ‎16. Don’t worry if you can’t come to _____ party—I’ll save _____ cake for you.（2006浙江）‎ ‎ A. the; some B. a; much C. the; any D. a; little ‎ ‎17. Look at the timetable. Hurry up! Flight 4026 _____ off at 18:20.（2006四川）‎ ‎ A. takes B. took C. will be taken D. has taken ‎ ‎18. Start out right away, _____ you’ll miss the first train.（2006四川）‎ ‎ A. and B. but C. or D. while ‎ ‎19. Ladies and gentlemen, please fasten your seat belts. The plane _____.（2006福建）‎ A. takes off B. is taking off C. has taken off D. took off ‎20. Always read the _____ on the bottle carefully and take the right amount of medicine.（2006福建）‎ A. explanations B. instructions C. descriptions D. introductions ‎21. Don’t sit there nothing. Come and help me with this table.（2006湖北）‎ A. do B. to do C. doing D. and doing ‎[参考答案和提示] 1.D 2. A 3. D 4. A 5. A 6. B 7. D 8. B 9. C 10. B 11. A 12. A 13. A 14. C 15. B 16. A 17. A 18. C 19. B 20. B 21. C 句型13‎ ‎…until….“直到……时候”；not…until…“直到……才……”‎ ‎[例句]‎ You are to stay until/till your mother comes back. 你得等到你妈妈回来。‎ The meeting was put off until ten o’clock. 会议推迟到十点钟。‎ The villagers didn’t realize how serious the pollution was until all the fish died in the river.‎ ‎→Not until all the fish died in the river did the villagers realize how serious the pollution was.（倒装句）‎ 等到湖里的鱼全死光了，村民们才意识到污染是多么严重。‎ He didn’t go to bed until his mother came back.‎ ‎→It was not until his mother came back that he went to bed.（强调句）‎ Not until he failed in the exam did he realize that he had wasted much time playing computer games.‎ Not until his son came back from school did he go to bed. ‎ ‎[高考题回放] ‎ ‎1. –Was his father very strict with him when he was at school?‎ ‎ –Yes. He had never praised him ______ he became one of the top students in his grade.（2003春季）‎ ‎ A. after B. unless C. until D. when ‎ ‎2. A good storyteller must be able to hold his listeners’ curiosity _____ he reaches the end of the story.（2003上海）‎ ‎ A. when B. unless C. after D. until ‎ ‎3. We were told that we should follow the main road ______ we reached the central railway station.（2004辽宁）‎ ‎ A. whenever B. until C. while D. wherever ‎ ‎4. Not until I began to work ______ how much time I had wasted. ‎ ‎ A. didn’t I realize B. did I realize C. I didn’t realize D. I realize ‎ ‎5. My uncle ______ until he was forty-five.（2002上海）‎ ‎ A. married B. didn’t marry C. was not marrying D. would marry ‎ ‎6. –Did Jack come back early last night?‎ ‎ –Yes. It was not yet eight o’clock _____ he arrived home.（2005福建）‎ ‎ A. before B. when C. that D. until ‎ ‎7. I won’t tell the student the answer to the math problem until he _____ on it for more than an hour.（2006湖北）‎ ‎ A. has been working B. will have worked ‎ C. will have been working D. had worked ‎ ‎8. –_____ leave at the end of this month.‎ ‎ –I don’t think you should do that until _____ another job.（2006北京）‎ ‎ A. I’m going to; you’d found B. I’m going to; you’ve found ‎ ‎ C. I’ll; you’ll find D. I’ll; you’d find ‎ ‎9. “You can’t have this football back _____ you promise not to kick it at my cat again,” said the old man firmly.（2006广东）‎ ‎ A. because B. since C. when D. until ‎ ‎10. It was not until she got home _____ Jennifer realized she had lost her keys. (NMET2006)‎ ‎ A. when B. that C. where D. before ‎ ‎[参考答案和提示] 1. C 2. D 3. B 4. B 5. B 6. B 7. A 8. B 9. D 10. B 句型14 ‎ unless…“除非，如果不……”(=if…not)‎ ‎[例句]‎ I shall go tomorrow unless it rains. 如果不下雨，我明天去。‎ ‎–Shall Tom go and play football?‎ ‎–Not unless he has finished his homework. 除非他完成作业，否则不能出去。‎ I won’t go unless he comes to invite me himself.‎ 除非他本人来邀请我，不然我是不会去的。‎ I won’t attend his birthday party unless invited (=unless I am invited). 除非被邀请，否则我不 去参加的生日晚会。‎ ‎[高考题回放]‎ ‎1. The men will have to wait all day ______ the doctor works faster.（2001北京春季）‎ ‎ A. if B. unless C. whether D. that ‎ ‎2. You will succeed in the end _____ you give up halfway.（2001上海）‎ ‎ A. even if B. as though C. as long as D. unless ‎ ‎3. ______ you call me to say you’re not coming. I’ll see you at the theater.（2004吉林）‎ ‎ A. Though B. Whether C. Until D. Unless ‎ ‎4. Parents should take seriously their children’s request for sunglasses _____ eye protection is necessary in sunny weather.（2004上海）‎ ‎ A. because B. though C. unless D. if ‎ ‎5. Simon thought his computer was broken _____ his little brother pointed that he had forgotten to turn it on.（2005北京春季）‎ ‎ A. until B. unless C. after D. because ‎ ‎6. It is known to all that _____ you exercise regularly, you won’t keep good health.（2005重庆）‎ ‎ A. unless B. whenever C. although D. if ‎ ‎7. Unlike watching TV, reading is a highly active process（过程）_____ it requires attention as well as memory and imagination.（2005江苏）‎ ‎ A. until B. but C. unless D. for ‎ ‎8. You must keep on working in the evening _____ you are sure you can finish the task in time.（2005安徽）‎ ‎ A. as B. if C. when D. unless ‎ ‎9. Unless _____ to speak, you should remain silent at the conference.（2003上海春季）‎ ‎ A. invited B. inviting C. being invited D. having invited ‎ ‎10. In time of serious accidents, _____ we know some basic things about first aid, we can save lives.（2006重庆）‎ ‎ A. whether B. until C. if D. unless ‎ ‎11. We won’t keep winning games _____ we keep playing well.（2006浙江）‎ ‎ A. because B. unless C. when D. while ‎ ‎12. _____ you’ve tried it, you can’t imagine how pleasant it is.（2006北京）‎ ‎ A. Unless B. Because C. Although D. When ‎ ‎[参考答案和提示] 1. B 2. D 3. D 4. A 5. A 6. A 7. D 8. D 9. A 10. C 11. B 12. A 句型15‎ when引导的从句 when除了用来引导主语从句、宾语从句、时间状语从句、表语从句和定语从句，还有一种用法值得关注，那就是when引导并列分句，意思是“这时突然；就在那时”，强调另一个动作的突然发生。常用于以下句型中：（1）、主语 + be doing… when…意思是“正在做某事这时……”；（2）、主语 + be about to do…when…；（3）、主语+be on the point of (doing) …when…意思是“正要去做某事这时……”‎ ‎[例句]‎ One day Chuck was on a flight across the Pacific Ocean when suddenly his plane crashed. 有一天，Chuck正在太平洋上飞行，这时他的飞机突然爆炸了。‎ I don’t know when he will arrive. 我不晓得他什么时候到达。‎ I thought of the happy days when I was in Beijing. 我想起了在北京时的那段快乐日子。‎ I believe the time will soon come when there will be no weapons in the world. ‎ 我相信世界上没有武器的日子不久就会到来。 ‎ I was walking along the river when I heard a drowning boy cry for help. 我正在河边行走，这时我突然听到一个落水男孩求救。‎ I was about to leave when it began to rain. 我刚要离开，这时下雨了。‎ I had just finished my exam paper when the bell rang, announcing the class was over. 我刚做完作业，下课铃响了。‎ I thought of the happy days when I was in France. 我想到了在法国时那段快乐日子。‎ I believe the time will soon come when there will be no weapons in the world. 我相信世界上没有武器的日子不久就会来临。‎ ‎[比较]‎ I was walking along the street when I caught sight of a tailor’s shop. 我正在街上走，这时我看见一家裁缝店。‎ I was walking along the streets. Just at the moment I caught sight of a tailor’s shop. 我在街上走。就在那时我看见一家裁缝店。 ‎ ‎[高考题回放]‎ ‎1. He was about to tell me the secret ______ someone patted him on the shoulder.（2002上海）‎ ‎ A. as B. until C. while D. when ‎ ‎2. Don’t be afraid of asking for help ______ it is needed.（2003全国卷）‎ ‎ A. unless B. since C. although D. when ‎ ‎3. We were swimming in the lake‎ ‎‎______‎ suddenly the storm started.（2004北京春季）‎ ‎ A. when B. while C. until D. before ‎ ‎4. Jasmine was holidaying with her family in a wildlife park ______ she was bitten on the leg by a lion.（2004上海）‎ ‎ A. when B. while C. since D. once ‎ ‎5. I was just talking to Margaret when Jackson _____.（2005湖南）‎ ‎ A. cut in B. cut down C. cut out D. cut up ‎ ‎6. He transplanted the little tree to the garden _____ it was the best time for it.（2005上海）‎ ‎ A. where B. when C. that D. until ‎ ‎7. –Did Jack come back early last night?‎ ‎ –Yes, it was not yet eight o’clock _____ he arrived home. ‎ ‎ A. before B. when C. that D. until ‎ ‎8. Most of us know we should cut down on fat, but knowing such things isn’t much help when it _____ shopping and eating.（2006天津）‎ ‎ A. refers to B. speaks of C. focuses on D. comes to ‎ ‎9. He was about halfway through his meal _____ a familiar voice came to his ears.（2006辽宁）‎ ‎ A. why B. where C. when D. while ‎ ‎10. When _____ different cultures, we often pay attention only to differences without noticing the many similarities.（2006浙江）‎ ‎ A. compared B. being compared C. comparing D. having compared ‎ ‎11. I _____ along the street looking for a place to park when the accident _____.（2006安徽）‎ ‎ A. went; was occurring B. went; occurred ‎ C. was going; occurred D. was going; had occurred ‎ ‎12. How can you expect to learn anything _____ you never listen?（2006山东）‎ ‎ A. in case B. even if C. unless D. when ‎ ‎13. I had just stepped out of the bathroom and was busily drying myself with a towel _____ I heard the steps.（2006湖南）‎ ‎ A. while B. when C. since D. after ‎14. I was still sleeping when the fire _____, and then it spread quickly.（2006广东）‎ ‎ A. broke out B. put out C. came out D. got out ‎ ‎15. Please remind me _____ he said he was going. I may be in time to see him off. (NMET2006)‎ ‎ A. where B. when C. how D. what ‎ ‎[参考答案和提示] 1. D 2. D 3. A 4. A. 5. A 6. B 7. B 8. D 9. C 10. C 11. C 12. D 13. B 14. A 15. B 句型16 ‎ while引导的从句 while除了有“当/在……时候”的意思外（注意：引导的句子谓语动词只能是延续性动词！），另外的两层意思也是考查的重点：（1）while = although “尽管”、“虽然”，引导让步状语从句；（2）while的意思是“然而；可是”，常用来表达对比关系。‎ ‎[例句]‎ While I admit that the problem is difficult, I don’t think that they can’t be solved.‎ 尽管我承认这个问题很难，但是我并不认为无法解决。‎ While I admit his good points, I can see his shortcomings. ‎ 虽然我承认他的优点，我也能看出他的缺点。‎ While I was angry with her, I didn’t lose my temper. ‎ 虽然我很生气，但我当时没有对她发脾气。‎ While I understand your viewpoint, I don’t agree with you. 虽然我了解你的见解， 我还是不能同意（你）。‎ I earn only 120 dollars a week, while she earns 180 dollars. 我一星期只赚120美元，她却赚180美元。‎ ‎[高考题回放]‎ ‎1. ______ modeling business is by no means easy to get into, the good model will always be in demand.（2004浙江）‎ A. While B. Since C. As D. If ‎ ‎2. ______ I accept that he is not perfect, I do actually like the person.（2004江苏）‎ A. While B. Since C. Before D. Unless ‎ ‎3. _______ I know the money is safe, I shall not worry about it.（2003北京）‎ A. Even thought B. Unless C. As long as D. While ‎ ‎4. The WTO cannot live up for its name ______ it does not include a country that is home to one ‎ fifth of mankind.（2000全国卷）‎ ‎ A. as long as B. while C. if D. even though ‎ ‎5. I do every single bit of housework _____ my husband Bob just does the dishes now and then.（2004广西）‎ ‎ A. since B. while C. when D. as ‎ ‎6. She thought I was talking about her daughter, _____, in fact, I was talking about my daughter. ‎ ‎ A. whom B. where C. which D. while ‎ ‎7. We thought there were 35 students in the dining hall, _____, in fact, there were 40. (NMET2006)‎ ‎ A. while B. whether C. what D. which ‎ ‎8. The cost of living in Glasgow is among the lowest in Britain, _____ the quality of life is probably one of the highest.（2006天津）‎ ‎ A. since B. when C. as D. while ‎ ‎9. The computer system _____ suddenly while he was searching for information on the Internet（2006辽宁）‎ ‎ A. broke down B. broke out C. broke up D. broke in ‎ ‎10. A man cannot smile like a child, _____ a child smiles with his eyes, while a man smiles with his lips alone.（2006湖南）‎ ‎ A. so B. but C. and D. for ‎ ‎11. My sister was against my suggestion while my brother was_____ it.（2006陕西）‎ A. in favor of B. in memory of C. in honor of D. in search of ‎[参考答案和提示] 1. A 2. A 3. C 4. C 5. B 6. D 7. A 8. D 9. A 10. D 11. A 句型17 ‎ where…（地点从句）‎ ‎[注意]where引导地点从句时，可以引导定语从句或是逻辑地点状语从句。当它在定语从句中作地点状语，指代地点时，这时可以用in which, on which, at which, to which, from which等结构代替。但是它引导逻辑地点状语从句时，没有这样用法。‎ ‎[例句]‎ You should put the book where it was. 把书放回原处。‎ Persistent people begin their success where others end in failure.‎ 不屈不挠者从他人失败的地方获取成功。‎ Where there is a will, there is a way. 有志者，事竟成。‎ Where men are greedy, there is never peace. 人类贪欲不止，世界和平无望。‎ Go where you should, keep on studying. 无论你到哪里，你都应该继续学习。‎ That is the building where my father works. 那是我父亲工作的大楼。‎ Yesterday I went to the department store, where I met my teacher. 昨天我去百货公司，就在那儿遇见了我的老师。‎ That’s where a change is needed. 那就是需要变更的地方。‎ We could see the runners very well from where we stood. ‎ 从我们所站的地方能很清楚地看到赛跑的选手。 ‎ You should let your children play where you can see them. 你应该让小孩在你的视线所及的地方玩耍。 ‎ Potatoes can be grown in places where it is too cold to grow rice.=Potatoes can be grown in places where it is too cold to grow rice.（本句where引导定语从句）‎ 有些地方太冷不能种水稻，但可以种马铃薯。‎ ‎[请比较下面的句子结构的不同]‎ Potatoes can be grown where it is too cold to grow rice.（本句where引导地点状语从句）‎ ‎[高考题回放]‎ ‎1. You should make it a rule to leave things _______ you can find them again.（1999广东）‎ A. when B. where C. then D. which ‎ ‎2. She found her calculator _______ she lost it.（2000上海）‎ A. where B. when C. in which D. that ‎ ‎3. The famous scientist grew up ______ he was born and in 1930 he came to Shanghai.（2002上海春季）‎ A. when B. wherever C. where D. whenever ‎ ‎4. I can think of many cases ______ students obviously knew a lot of English words and expressions but couldn’t write a good essay.（2003上海） ‎ A. why B. which C. as D. where ‎ ‎5. A fast food restaurant is the place _______, just as the name suggests, eating is performed quickly. (2004上海春季)‎ A. which B. where C. there D. what ‎ ‎6. You are saying that everyone should be equal, and this is _______ I disagree.（2004全国）‎ A. why B. where C. what D. how ‎ ‎7. I work in a business _______ almost everyone is waiting for a great chance.（2004湖南）‎ A. how B. which C. where D. that ‎ ‎8. There were dirty marks on her trousers ______ she had wiped her hands.（2004吉林）‎ A. where B. which C. when D. that ‎ ‎9. We will be shown around the city: schools, museums, and some other places _____ other visitors seldom go.（2002北京）‎ ‎ A. what B. which C. where D. when ‎ ‎10. If a shop has chairs _____ women can park their men, women will spend more time in the shop.（2005上海）‎ ‎ A. that B. which C. when D. where ‎ ‎11. –Is that the small town you often refer to?‎ ‎ –Right, just the one _____ you know I used to work for years.（2005福建）‎ ‎ A. that B. which C. where D. what ‎ ‎12. The place _____ the bridge is supposed to be built should be _____ the cross-river traffic is the heaviest.（2005江苏）‎ ‎ A. which; where B. at which; which ‎ C. at which; where D. which; in which ‎ ‎13. I walked in our garden, _____ Tom and Jim were trying a big sign onto one of the trees.（2005辽宁）‎ ‎ A. which B. when C. where D. that ‎ ‎14. The manager had fallen asleep where he _____, without undressing.（2005安徽）‎ ‎ A. was laying B. was lying C. had laid D. had lied ‎ ‎15. If you are traveling _____ the customs are really foreign to your own, please do as the Romans do.（2006天津）‎ ‎ A. in which B. what C. when D. where ‎ ‎16. Letterboxes are much more _____ in the UK than in the US, where most people have mailbox instead.（2006浙江）‎ ‎ A. common B. normal C. ordinary D. usual ‎ ‎17. We are trying to reach a point _____ both sides will sit down together and talk.（2006山东）‎ ‎ A. where B. that C. when D. which ‎ ‎18. In a room above the store, where a party _____, some workers were busily setting the table.（2006湖南）‎ ‎ A. was to be held B. has been held C. will be held D. is being held ‎ ‎19. –Mom, what did your doctor say?‎ ‎ –He advised me to live _____ the air is fresh.（2006四川）‎ ‎ A. in where B. in which C. the place where D. where ‎ ‎[参考答案和提示]‎ ‎1. B 2.A 3.C 4.D 5.B 6.B 7.C 8.A 9. C 10. D 11. C 12. C 13. C 14. B 15. D 16. A 17. A 18. A 19. D 句型18 ‎ what引导的从句 what在英语中非常活跃,它可以用来引导主语从句、宾语从句、表语从句，但是不用来引导定语从句。在句子里可以充当主语、宾语、表语、定语，既可以指人，也可以指物。‎ ‎[例句]‎ What is the population of the world? 世界的人口有多少？‎ What did you pay for this picture? 这幅画你付了多少钱？‎ What is most important in life isn’t money. 人生最重要的并非是金钱。‎ Will you show me what you bought? 可以把你所买的东西给我看一下吗？‎ Mary is no longer what she was ten years ago. Mary已经不是10年前的她了。 ‎ ‎[高考题回放]‎ ‎1. _____ he said at the meeting astonished everybody present. ‎ ‎ A. What B. That C. It D. This ‎ ‎2. These photographs will show you _____. ‎ ‎ A. what does our village look like B. what our village looks like ‎ ‎ C. how does our village look like D. how our village looks like ‎ ‎3. No one will be sure _____ in a million years. ‎ ‎ A. what will man look like B. what man will look like ‎ ‎ C. man will look like what D. what look will man like ‎ ‎4. A computer can only do _____ you have instructed it to do.（2001全国）‎ ‎ A. how B. after C. what D. when ‎ ‎5. Little Tommy was reluctant to tell the schoolmaster _____ he had done the day before.（2001‎ 上海春季）‎ ‎ A. that B. how C. where D. what ‎ ‎6. –I think it’s going to be a big problem. ‎ ‎ –Yes, it could be. ‎ ‎ –I wonder _____ we can do about it.（2002春季） ‎ ‎ A. if B. how C. what D. that ‎ ‎7. _____ she couldn’t understand was _____ fewer and fewer students showed interest in her lessons.（2002上海） ‎ ‎ A. What; why B. That; what C. What; because D. Why; that ‎ ‎8. Perseverance is a kind of quality—and that’s _____ it takes to do anything well.（2002上海） ‎ ‎ A. what B. that C. which D. why ‎ ‎9. When you answer questions in a job interview, please remember the golden rule: Always give the monkey exactly _____ he wants.（2002上海春季）‎ ‎ A. what B. which C. when D. that ‎ ‎10. –Are you still thinking about yesterday’s game?‎ ‎ –Oh, that’s _____.（2003春季）‎ ‎ A. what makes me feel excited B. whatever I feel excited about ‎ ‎ C. how I feel about it D. when I feel excited ‎ ‎11. People have heard what the President has said; they are waiting to see _____he will do.（2003年春季）‎ ‎ A. how B. what C. when D. that ‎ ‎12. The other day, my brother drove his car down the street at _____ I thought was a dangerous speed.（2004上海春季） ‎ ‎ A. as B. which C. what D. that ‎ ‎13. Along with the letter was his promise _____ he would visit me this coming Christmas.（2004上海春季）‎ ‎ A. which B. that C. what D. whether ‎ ‎14. After Yang Liwei succeeded in circling the earth, _____ our astronauts desired to do is walk in space.（2004上海）‎ ‎ A. where B. what C. that D. how ‎ ‎15. A story goes _____ Elizabeth I of England liked nothing more than being surrounded by clever and qualified noblemen at court.（2004上海）‎ ‎ A. when B. where C. what D. that ‎ ‎16. Anyway, that evening, _____ I’ll tell you more about later, I ended up staying at Rachel’s place.（2004浙江）‎ ‎ A. when B. where C. what D. which ‎ ‎17. I think Father would like to know _____ I’ve been up to so far, so I decided to send him a quick note.（2004湖南）‎ ‎ A. which B. why C. what D. how ‎ ‎18. Do you have any idea _____ is actually going on in the classroom?（2005辽宁）‎ ‎ A. that B. what C. as D. which ‎ ‎19. The shopkeeper did not want to sell for _____ he thought was not enough.（2005山东）‎ ‎ A. where B. how C. what D. which ‎ ‎20. The way he did it was different _____ we were used to.（2005江西）‎ ‎ A. in which B. in what C. from what D. from which ‎ ‎21. Great changes have taken place in that school. It is no longer _____ it was 20 years ago, _____ it was so poorly equipped.（2005安徽）‎ ‎ A. what; when B. that; which C. what; which D. which; that ‎ ‎22. Mary wrote an article on _____ the team had failed to win the game.（2005全国I）‎ ‎ A. why B. what C. who D. that ‎ ‎23. _____ in the regulations that you should not tell other people the password of your e-mail account.（2005上海）‎ ‎ A. What is required B. What requires C. It is required D. It requires ‎ ‎24. I was surprised by her words, which made me recognize _____ silly mistakes I had made.（2005湖南）‎ ‎ A. what B. that C. how D. which ‎ ‎25. What we used to think _____ impossible now does seem possible.（2006天津）‎ ‎ A. is B. was C. has been D. will be ‎ ‎26. _____ makes this shop different is that it offers more personal services.（2006辽宁高考题）‎ ‎ A. What B. Who C. Whatever D. Whoever ‎ ‎27. –Could you do me a favor?‎ ‎ –It depends on _____ it is.（2006北京）‎ ‎ A. which B. whichever C. what D. whatever ‎ ‎28. Most of what has been said about the Smiths _____ also true of the Johnsons.（2006安徽）‎ ‎ A. are B. is C. being D. to be ‎ ‎[参考答案和提示] 1. A 2. B 3. B 4. C 5. D 6. C 7. A 8. A 9. A 10. A 11. B 12. C 13. B 14. B 15. D 16. D 17. C 18. B 19. C 20. C 21. A 22. A 23. C 24. A 25. B 26. A 27. C 28. B 句型19 ‎ as引导的非限制性定语从句 ‎ 在as引导的非限制性定语从句中，连接代词as在句子中可以作主语、宾语或表语等，可以指人或物。其在定语从句中的位置比较灵活，即可以在句子前面，在句子中间或句子末尾。常用的结构有：as we all know; as is well known to…; as is often the case; as is said/mentioned above; as has been said before; as I told you before; as is evident; as often happens; as can be seen; as is/was expected; as we expect; as I can remember等。‎ ‎[注意1]as通常只指整个句子的内容，不表示部分内容。‎ ‎[注意2]as引导的非限制性定语从句通常指“事先可以预料到的”“料想到的”，表达“好”的方面。‎ ‎[注意3]as引导限制性定语从句时，常构成the same…as…; such…as…; so/as …as…等结构。在从句中既可以指人、物，也可以指整个句子。‎ ‎[例句] This is also part of your work, as I told you before. 我曾告诉过你，这也是你工作的一部分。‎ The man was a teacher, as was evident from his way of speaking. 从那人说话的样子可明显看出，他是个老师。‎ Such ideas as he hits on are worthless. 像他那样偶然想起的主意是无用的。‎ It’s the same story as I heard from her yesterday. 这故事跟我从她那儿听到的相同。‎ He will marry as pretty a girl as he can find. 他要尽可能找漂亮的女孩结婚。 ‎ Such people as have made great contributions to the world should be greatly respected. ‎ 那些对世界做出巨大贡献的人们应该受到极大的尊重。‎ ‎[高考题回放] ‎ ‎1. _____ I explained on the phone, your request will be considered at the meeting.（2005浙江）‎ ‎ A. When B. After C. As D. Since ‎ ‎2. _____ is often the case, we have worked out the production plan.（2004江苏）‎ ‎ A. Which B. When C. What D. As ‎ ‎3. _____ is reported in the newspapers, talks between the two countries are making progress.（2004北京）‎ ‎ A. It B. As C. That D. What ‎ ‎4. _____ has been announced, we shall have our final exams next month.（2003上海春季）‎ ‎ A. That B. As C. It D. What ‎ ‎5. The Beatles, _____ many of you are old enough to remember, came from Liverpool.（2006天津）‎ ‎ A. what B. that C. how D. as ‎ ‎6. Jenny was very sad over the loss of the photos she had shot at Canada, _____ this was a memory she especially treasured.（2006广东）‎ ‎ A. as B. if C. when D. where ‎ ‎[参考答案和提示] 1. C 2. D 3. B 4. B 5. D 6. A 句型20‎ which引导的非限制性定语从句（也引导限制性定语从句）‎ ‎ which引导的非限制性定语从句既可以指整个句子内容，也可以指句子的部分内容（如单词或词组等），在句子中可以作主语、宾语（动词或介词的）、定语等。注意它在句子中的位置：只能放在主句后，不能放在主句前。表达的内容是“不好的”、“事先没有预料到的”等时，常用which，只指物。‎ ‎[例句]‎ Yellowstone‎ National Park, which is in Wyoming, is one of the most beautiful national parks in the world. 黄石国家公园位于怀俄明州，是世界上最美丽的国家公园之一。‎ The clock, which my grandfather bought, is still in good order. 这时钟是我祖父买的，现在还走时很准。‎ The picture, for which he paid an enormous amount of money, was a forgery. ‎ 那幅画他花了一大笔钱购买，却是幅赝品。‎ She changed her mind again, which made us all angry. 她又改变了主意，这使我们大家都生气了。‎ I lived three years in Paris, during which time I learned French. 我在巴黎住了三年，在那期间我学了法语。‎ The weather turned out to be very good, which was more than we could expect. 天气结果转晴，‎ 这是我们没有预料到的。‎ ‎[高考题回放]‎ ‎1. Jim passed the driving test, _____ surprised everybody in the office.（2005浙江）‎ ‎ A. which B. that C. this D. it ‎ ‎2. Her sister has become a lawyer, _____ she wanted to be.（2005湖北）‎ ‎ A. who B. that C. what D. which ‎ ‎3. Mark was a student at this university from 1999 to 2003, _____ he studied very hard and was made Chairman of the Students’ Union.（2005重庆）‎ ‎ A. during which time B. for which time ‎ C. during whose time D. by that time ‎ ‎4. He was educated at a local grammar school, _____ he went on to Cambridge.（2005山东）‎ ‎ A. from which B. after that C. after which D. from this ‎ ‎5. I walked in our garden, _____ Tom and Jim were tying a big sign onto one of the trees.（2005辽宁）‎ ‎ A. which B. when C. where D. that ‎ ‎6. There are altogether eleven books on the shelf, _____ five are mine.（2004甘肃、青海）‎ ‎ A. on which B. in which C. of which D. from which ‎ ‎7. There are two buildings, _____ stands nearly a hundred feet high.（2004湖北）‎ ‎ A. the larger B. the larger of them ‎ C. the larger one that D. the larger of which ‎ ‎8. The factory produces half a million pairs of shoes every year, 80% _____ are sold abroad.（2004辽宁）‎ ‎ A. of which B. which of C. of them D. of that ‎ ‎9. Anyway, that evening, _____ I’ll tell you more about later, I ended up staying at Richel’s place.（2004浙江）‎ ‎ A. when B. where C. what D. which ‎ ‎10. The journey around the world took the old sailor nine months, _____ the sailing time was 226 days.（2004广西）‎ ‎ A. of which B. during which C. from which D. on which ‎ ‎11. York, _____ last year, is a nice old city.（2003北京）‎ ‎ A. that I visited B. which I visited C. where I visited D. in which I visited ‎ ‎12. The famous basketball star, _____ tried to make a comeback, attracted a lot of attention.（2002北京春季）‎ ‎ A. where B. when C. which D. who ‎ ‎13. John said he’d been working in the office for an hour, _____ was true.（2001北京春季）‎ ‎ A. he B. this C. which D. who ‎ ‎14. Dorothy was always speaking highly of her role in the play, _____, of course, made the others unhappy.（NMET2000）‎ ‎ A. who B. which C. this D. what ‎ ‎15. The result of the experiment was very good, _____ we hadn’t expected.（2000北京春季）‎ ‎ A. when B. that C. which D. what ‎ ‎16. Frank’s dream was to have his own shop _____ to produce the workings of his own hands.（2005湖南）‎ ‎ A. that B. in which C. by which D. how ‎ ‎17. The schools themselves admit that not all children will be successful in the jobs _____ they are being trained.（2005江西）‎ ‎ A. in that B. for that C. in which D. for which ‎ ‎18. The place _____ the bridge is supposed to be built should be _____ the cross-river traffic is the heaviest.（2005江苏）‎ ‎ A. which; where B. at which; which C. at which; where D. which; in which ‎ ‎19. Many people who had seen the film were afraid to go to the forest when they remembered the scenes _____ people were eaten by the tiger.（2005广东）‎ ‎ A. in which B. by which C. which D. that ‎ ‎20. The English play _____ my students acted at the New Year’s party was a great success.（NMET2004）‎ ‎ A. for which B. at which C. in which D. on which ‎ ‎21. Recently I bought an ancient Chinese vase _____ was very reasonable.（2000上海）‎ ‎ A. which price B. the price of which C. its price D. the price of whose ‎ ‎22. The policeman’s attention was suddenly caught by a small box which _____ placed under the Minister’s car.（2005广东）‎ ‎ A. has been B. had been C. was being D. would be ‎ ‎23. Millions of pounds’ worth of damage _____ by a storm which swept across the north of England last night.（2005重庆）‎ ‎ A. has been caused B. had been caused C. will be caused D. will have been caused ‎ ‎24. Months ago we sailed ten thousand miles across this open sea, which _____ the Pacific, and we met no storms.（2005辽宁）‎ ‎ A. was called B. is called C. had been called D. has been called ‎ ‎25. You can find whatever you need at the shopping center, _____ is always busy at the weekend ‎（2006上海春季）‎ ‎ A. that B. where C. what D. which ‎ ‎26. I saw a woman running toward me in the dark. Before I could recognize who she was, she had run back in the direction _____ she had come.（2006重庆） ‎ ‎ A. of which B. by which C. in which D. from which ‎ ‎27. I was given three books on cooking, the first _____ I really enjoyed.（2006浙江）‎ ‎ A. of that B. of which C. that D. which ‎ ‎28. A warm thought suddenly came to me _____ I might use the pocket money to buy some flowers for my mother’s birthday.（2006安徽）‎ ‎ A. if B. when C. that D. which ‎ ‎29. We saw several natives advancing towards our party, and one of them came up to us, _____ we gave some bells and glasses.（2006湖南）‎ ‎ A. to which B. to whom C. with whom D. with which ‎ ‎30. The owner of the cinema needed to make a lot of improvements and employ more people to keep it running, _____ meant spending tens of thousands of pounds.（2006江苏）‎ ‎ A. who B. that C. as D. which ‎ ‎31. She was educated at Beijing‎ ‎University, _____ she went on to have her advanced study abroad.（2006陕西）‎ A. after which B. from which C. from that D. after that ‎32. A clean environment can help the city bid for the Olympics, which _____ will promote（促进）its economic development.（2006山东）‎ ‎ A. in nature B. in return C. in turn D. in fact ‎ ‎[参考答案和提示] 1. A 2. D 3. A 4. C 5. C 6. C 7. D 8. A 9. D 10. A 11. B 12. D 13. C 14. B 15.‎ ‎ C 16. B 17. D 18. C 19. A 20. C 21. B 22. B 23. A 24. B 25. D 26. D 27. B 28. C 29. B 30. D 31. A 32. C ‎ 句型21‎ ‎（1）、疑问词+ever whatever, whoever, whichever, whenever, ‎ wherever, however用来引导让步状语从句，相当于no matter和what, who, which, when, where, how连用。‎ ‎[例句]‎ Whatever (=No matter what) may happen, we shall not lose hope.‎ 无论发生什么事，我们都不能失去希望。‎ Whatever reasons you (may) have, you should carry out a promise. 无论你有什么理由，你都应该遵守诺言。‎ Whoever (=No matter who) comes, he will be warmly welcome. 无论谁来，都会受到热烈欢迎。‎ Whenever (=No matter when) it happened, it was certainly not yesterday. ‎ 此事无论发生在何时，但绝不是昨天。‎ Whenever you (may) call, you will find her sitting by the window. 无论什么时候你去找她，你都会看到她坐在窗边。‎ Wherever (=No matter where) he went, he made friends with people.‎ Whichever (=No matter which) of them you many choose, the quality will be the same. ‎ 他们当中不论你选哪一个，品质都一样。‎ However (=No matter how) hard I have tried, I can’t find the answer. ‎ ‎（2）、whatever, whoever, whichever, whomever等引导名词性从句，这时不能用no matter+疑问词替换。‎ ‎[例句]‎ Take whichever you want. 你要哪个就拿哪个。‎ We will do whatever we can to help him out. 我们要尽力帮助他摆脱困境。‎ I’ll show you whatever you want to see. 你想看什么我就给你看什么。‎ Whoever did this job must be rewarded. 无论谁做这件事都要得到报酬。‎ Whoever walks around in such a heavy rain will catch a cold. 任何人在这种大雨中行走都会患感冒。‎ You may invite whomever（口语中常用whoever代替）you like to the party. 你可以邀请你喜欢的人来参加晚会。‎ Take whatever magazines you want to read. 你可以取阅任何你想读的杂志。‎ ‎[高考题回放]‎ ‎1. _______, I have to put it away and focus my attention on study this week.（2004上海春季） ‎ ‎ A. However the story is amusing B. No matter amusing the story is ‎ C. However amusing the story is D. No matter how the story is amusing ‎ ‎2. The famous scientist grew up ______ he was born and in 1930 he came to Shanghai.（2002上海春季）‎ ‎ A. when B. whenever C. where D. wherever ‎ ‎3. You can eat food free in my restaurant _______ you like.（2004重庆）‎ ‎ A. whenever B. wherever C. whatever D. however ‎ ‎4. You should try to get a good night’s sleep ______ much work you have to do.（2004湖北）‎ ‎ A. however B. no matter C. although D. whatever ‎ ‎5. We were told that we should follow the main road ______ we reached the central railway station.（2004辽宁）‎ ‎ A. whenever B. until C. while D. wherever ‎ ‎6. Sarah hopes to become a friend of ______ shares her interests.‎ ‎ A. anyone B. whomever C. whoever D. no matter who ‎ ‎7. It is generally considered unwise to give a child _______ he or she wants.（NMET1997）‎ ‎ A. however B. whatever C. whichever D. whenever ‎ ‎8. It was a matter of ______ would take the position.（1998上海）‎ A. who B. whoever C. whom D. whomever ‎ ‎9. These wild flowers are so special I would do ______ I can to save them.（2000北京春季）‎ ‎ A. whatever B. that C. which D. whichever ‎ ‎10. –Are you still thinking about yesterday’s game?‎ ‎ –Oh, that’s _______.（2003北京春季）‎ ‎ A. what makes me feel excited B. whatever I feel excited about ‎ C. how I feel about it D. when I feel excited ‎ ‎11. The poor young man is ready to accept _____ help he can get.（2005全国II）‎ ‎ A. whichever B. however C. whatever D. whenever ‎ ‎12. He tried his best to solve the problem, ______ difficult it was.（2005天津）‎ ‎ A. however B. no matter C. whatever D. although ‎ ‎13. The old tower must be saved, _____ the cost.（2005浙江）‎ ‎ A. however B. whatever C. whichever D. wherever ‎ ‎14. Don’t respond to any e-mails _____ personal information, no matter how official they look. (2006天津)‎ ‎ A. searching B. asking C. requesting D. questioning ‎ ‎15. _____team wins on Saturday will go through to the national championships.（2006山东）‎ ‎ A. No matter what B. No matter which ‎ C. Whatever D. Whichever ‎16. No matter how frequently _____, the works or Beethoven still attract people all over the world.（2006广东）‎ ‎ A. performed B. performing C. to be performed D. being performed ‎ ‎17. Whenever he was asked why he was late for class, he would answer carelessly, always _____ the same thing.（2006江苏）‎ ‎ A. saying B. said C. to say D. having said ‎ ‎18. This is a very interesting book. I’ll buy it, _____.（2006陕西）‎ A. how much may it cost B. no matter how it may cost C. however much it may cost D. how may it cost ‎[参考答案和提示] 1. C 2. C. 3. A. 4. A 5. B 6. C 7. B 8. A 9. A 10. A 11. C 12. A 13. B 14. C 15. D 16. A 17. A 18.C 倒装结构 句型22全倒装句型（一）‎ ‎ here, there, out, in, up, down, now, then, away等副词放在句首，句子需要全部倒装 ‎[例句]‎ There goes the bell! = The bell is ringing. 铃响了！‎ Here comes the bus. =The bus is coming. 汽车来了。‎ Now comes your turn to make a short speech. 该轮到你发言了。‎ Away went the thief when he saw the police. ‎ Then came the hour we had been looking forward to. 我们期盼的时候到了。 ‎ ‎[注意]‎ ‎（1）在这种情况下倒装仅限于不及物动词或be动词，像go, come, rush, live, stand, lie等。‎ ‎（2）主语是人称代词时不要倒装。如：Away he went. 他走远了。‎ 句型23全倒装句型（二）‎ 表示方位的状语放在句首，句子全倒装；谓语动词多为be, lie, stand, sit, come, walk, run, stop etc. 不及物动词。‎ ‎[例句]‎ On a hill in front of them stands a great castle. 在他们面前的山上矗立着一座巨大的城堡。‎ In front of the house stopped a police car. 房子的全面停着一辆警车。‎ Around the corner walks a young policeman. 拐角处有个年轻的警察在行走。‎ Under the tree sat a boy of about ten. 在树下坐着一个大约10岁的男孩。‎ 句型24全倒装句型（三）‎ ‎（表语）adj. / v-ing / v-ed +（地点状语）+ be（或其他动词形式）…‎ So adj./adv…that…如此……以至于……(so引导的句子倒装，而that引导的句子不倒装！) (这种结构是半倒装句。) ‎ ‎[例句]‎ Present at the meeting were the manager, all the designers and the writer. 出席会议的有经理，设计师和词作者。‎ Fastened to the pole is the National flag. 旗杆上有一面国旗。‎ Hidden behind the door were some naughty children. 有几个顽皮的孩子藏在门后面。‎ Sitting at the back of the classroom were several old teachers, listening attentively to the new ‎ teacher. 坐在教室后面的是几位老教师，他们在认真地听新教师的课。‎ Gone are the days when farmers lived in the poor houses. ‎ 农民住在破旧房子里的日子过去了。‎ Typical for China is the crosstalk show, where a pair of comedians entertains the audience with word play. 相声是中国典型的喜剧，两个演员通过玩弄词藻来逗乐观众。 ‎ So clearly does he speak English that he can always make himself understood. ‎ 他说英语非常清晰，别人都能听懂他的话。‎ So fast does light travel that we can hardly imagine its speed. 光运行非常快，我们几乎无法想象它的速度。‎ 句型25 半倒装句（一）‎ ‎ 否定意义的副词或短语放在句首，句子半倒装。这样的副词主要有：little, seldom, hardly, rarely, scarcely, never, not at all, by no means（决不）, at no time（在任何时候都不），nowhere, in no case (无论如何都不)；not in the least (=not at all) , on no condition（决不） 等。‎ ‎[例句]‎ Never shall I forget you. ‎ At no time was the man aware of what was happening. 那个人根本没有注意到发生的情况。‎ Little did I understand what he said to me at that time. 我那时几乎没有明白他给我说的话。 ‎ It’s beyond description. Nowhere else in the world can there be such a quiet, beautiful place. ‎ 那真是用语言难以形容。世界上没有其他地方会有这么安静、美丽的地方了。‎ Not a single mistake did he make in the exam. 他在考试中没有犯一个错误。‎ By no means are these works of art satisfactory. 这些艺术品根本不能令人满意。‎ On no condition should you visit that place. 你决不能去那个地方。‎ 句型26 半倒装句（二）‎ ‎ not only…, but also…（前一分句倒装，后一分句不倒装）‎ ‎[例句]‎ Not only was everything he had taken away from him, but also his German citizenship was taken away. 不仅他拥有的一切被那走了，就连他的德国国籍也被取消了。 ‎ They suggested not only should we attend the party but also give a performance. 他们建议我们不仅要参加晚会，还要进行表演。 ‎ Not only should we students study hard, we also should know how to enjoy ourselves in our spare time. 我们学生不仅要学习好，还应该知道在课余时间怎样享受生活。‎ 句型27半倒装句（三）‎ ‎ neither, nor放在句首 ‎[例句]‎ If you don’t go to see the movie, neither will I.‎ 如果你不去看电影，我也不去。‎ ‎--Why didn’t you buy the jacket?‎ ‎--Neither was the price satisfactory, nor did the color agree with me. ‎ 价格不能令人满意，颜色也不太适合我。‎ I don’t like him, nor do I care about him. 我不喜欢他，也不关心他。 ‎ 句型28 半倒装句（四）‎ ‎ “only + 状语”放在句首，句子半倒装 ‎[例句]‎ Only when the war was over did he return to work. 直到战争结束他才回去工作。‎ Only after you have reached eighteen can you join the army. 你只有到了18岁才能参军。‎ Only in that way will we be ready for the challenges and opportunities in life. ‎ 只有这样，我们对生活中的机遇和挑战才会有充分的准备。 ‎ Only by changing the way we live will we be able to save the earth. ‎ 只有改变生活方式，我们才能拯救地球。‎ ‎[注意]这种结构的倒装只在only引导状语的时候使用，only引导主语的时候不用倒装。‎ Only in this way can you work out the problem. 你只有用这种方法才能做出题目。‎ Only this way can help you work out the problem. 只有这种方法才能帮你做出题目。 ‎ 句型29 半倒装句（五）‎ ‎ so + be动词/助动词/情态动词等 + 主语 “……也……”（表示肯定意思）‎ ‎ neither/nor +动词/助动词/情态动词等 + 主语 “……也……”（表示否定意思）‎ ‎[例句]‎ She is interested in the story, so am I. ‎ He enjoys playing the guitar, so do I. ‎ I saw the film last night, so did he. ‎ In the past 20 years, our society has changed a lot, so have our eating habits. ‎ 近20年来。我们的社会发生了很大的变化，我们的饮食习惯也变了。‎ Tom didn’t attend the meeting last night; nor did Mary. Tom没来参加昨晚的会议，Mary也没来。‎ I have never been abroad. Neither/Nor has Tom. ‎ ‎[比较1] “so + 主语 + 助动词” 表示肯定已有的观点或事实 ‎[例句]‎ ‎–We have all worked hard these days. ‎ ‎–So we have.（的确如此） ‎ I promised to help him, and so I did.（我确实帮助他了） ‎ ‎[比较2] “主语 + 助动词 + so” 表示按照别人的要求去做 ‎[例句]‎ The wounded little boy asked me to lift him up and I did so. ‎ The doctor asked Charlie to breathe deeply and he did so. ‎ 句型30 ‎ so it is with somebody = it’s the same with somebody前者怎么 样，后者也怎么样 ‎[注意]前面既有否定句又有肯定句，或有多个谓语动词或助动词难以选择时，用此句型。‎ ‎[例句]‎ John likes English but he doesn’t like maths, so it is with me (so it is the same with me). ‎ Tom is a student and he studies hard, so it is with me. ‎ ‎–He was really manly enough to be responsible for what he had done. 他像个男子汉，敢于对自己的所作所为负责。‎ ‎–So he was, and so it was with you. 他的确如此，你当时也一样。‎ ‎[高考题回放]‎ ‎1. I finally got the job I dreamed about. Never in my life _____ so happy.（NMET2000）‎ ‎ A. did I feel B. I felt C. I had felt D. had I felt ‎ ‎2. Not a single song ____ at yesterday’s party.（2000年上海）‎ ‎ A. she sang B. sand she C. did she sing D. she did sing ‎ ‎3. _____ can you expect to get a pay rise.（2000年北京春季）‎ A. With hard work B. Although work hard ‎ C. Only with hard work D. Now that he works hard ‎ ‎4. Only when the war was over _____ to his hometown.（2001上海春季）‎ ‎ A. did the young soldier return B. the young soldier returned ‎ C. returned the young soldier D. the young soldier did return ‎ ‎5. –You forgot your purse when you went out. ‎ ‎–Good heavens! _____.（2002上海）‎ A. so did I B. so I did C. I did so D. I so did ‎ ‎6. Not only _____ interested in football but _____ beginning to show an interest in it.‎ ‎（2002上海春季）‎ ‎ A. the teacher himself is; all his students are ‎ ‎ B. the teacher himself is; are all his students ‎ ‎ C. is the teacher himself; are all his students ‎ D. is the teacher himself; all his students are ‎ ‎7. The old couple have been married for 40 years and never once _____ with each other.（NMET2003）‎ ‎ A. they had quarreled B. they have quarreled ‎ ‎ C. have they quarreled D. had they quarreled ‎ ‎8. _____ snacks and drinks, but they also brought cards for entertainment when they had a picnic in the forest.（2004上海）‎ ‎ A. Not only they brought B. Not only did they bring ‎ ‎ C. Not only brought they D. Not only they did bring ‎ ‎9. I failed in the last examination last term and only then _____ the importance of studies.（2004重庆）‎ ‎ A. I realized B. I had realized C. had I realized D. did I realize ‎ ‎10. Of the making of good books there is no end; neither _____ any end to their influence on man’s lives.（2004广东）‎ ‎ A. there is B. there are C. is there D. are there ‎ ‎11. Maybe you have been to many countries, but nowhere else _____ such a beautiful palace. （2004辽宁）‎ ‎ A. can you find B. you could find C. you can find D. could you find ‎ ‎12. –I would never come to this restaurant again. The food is terrible. ‎ ‎ –_____.（2004广西）‎ ‎ A. Nor am I B. Neither would I C. Same with me D. So do I ‎ ‎13. Mary never does any reading in the evening, _____.（NMET2005）‎ ‎ A. so does John B. John does too C. John doesn’t too D. nor does John ‎ ‎14. Never before _____ in greater need of modern public transport than it is today. （2005上海）‎ ‎ A. has this city been B. this city has been ‎ ‎ C. was this city D. this city has ‎ ‎15. They have a good knowledge of English but little _____ they know about German.（2005天津）‎ ‎ A. have B. did C. had D. do ‎ ‎16. –Well, I do think the rabbit is a beautiful, gentle animal which can run very fast. ‎ ‎ –_____.（2005辽宁）‎ ‎ A. So it is B. So is it C. So does it D. So it does ‎ ‎17. In the dark forest _____, some large enough to hold several English towns.（2005辽宁）‎ ‎ A. stand many lakes B. lie many lakes C. many lakes lie D. many lakes stand ‎ ‎18. Only after my friend came _____.（2005福建）‎ ‎ A. did the computer repair B. he repaired the computer ‎ C. was the computer repaired D. the computer was repaired ‎ ‎19. –Father, you promised!‎ ‎ –Well, _____. But it was you who didn’t keep your word first.（2005湖北）‎ ‎ A. so was I B. so did I C. so I was D. so I did ‎ ‎20. _____, he talks a lot about his favorite singers after class.（2005重庆）‎ ‎ A. A quiet student as he may be B. Quiet student as he may be C. Be a quiet student as he may D. Quiet as he may be a student ‎ ‎21. –Maggie had a wonderful time at the party.‎ ‎ –_____, and so did I.（2005安徽）‎ ‎ A. So she had B. So had she C. So she did D. So did she ‎ ‎22. _____ about wild plants that they decided to make a trip to Madagascar for further research.（2005江苏）‎ ‎ A. So curious the couple was B. So curious were the couple ‎ C. How curious the couple were D. The couple was such curious ‎ ‎23. _____, Carolina couldn’t get the door open.（2005广东）‎ ‎ A. Try as she might B. As she might try ‎ C. She might as try D. Might she as try ‎ ‎24. Only in this way _____ to make improvement in the operating system.（2003上海春季）‎ ‎ A. you can hope B. you did hope C. can you hope D. did you hope ‎ ‎25. Just in front of our house _____ with a history of 1,000 years.（2006上海春季）‎ ‎ A. does a tall tree stand B. stands a tall tree ‎ C. a tall tree is standing D. a tall tree stands ‎ ‎26. Fitness is important in sport, but of at least _____ importance are skills.（2006天津）‎ ‎ A. fair B. reasonable C. equal D. proper ‎ ‎27. I’ve tried very hard to improve my English. But by no means _____ with my progress.（2006重庆）‎ ‎ A. the teacher is not satisfied B. is the teacher not satisfied ‎ ‎ C. the teacher is satisfied D. is the teacher satisfied ‎ ‎28. _____ by keeping down costs will PowerData hold its advantage over other companies.（2006浙江）‎ ‎ A. Only B. Just C. Still D. Yet ‎29. Never in my wildest dreams _____ these people are living in such poor conditions. (2006安徽)‎ ‎ A. I could imagine B. could I imagine ‎ C. I couldn’t imagine D. couldn’t I imagine ‎ ‎30. So difficult _____ it to work out the problem that I decided to ask Tom for advice.（2006广东）‎ ‎ A. I did find B. did I find C. I have found D. have I found ‎ ‎31. _______homework did we have to do that we had no time to take a rest.（2006福建）‎ A. So much B.Too much C. Too little D. So little ‎32. –It’s burning hot today, isn’t it?‎ ‎–Yes. _____ yesterday.（2006陕西）‎ A. So was it B. So it was C. So it is D. So is it ‎[参考答案和提示] 1. A 2. C. 3. C 4. A 5. B 6. D 7. C 8. B 9. D 10. C 11. A 12. B 13. D. 14. A 15. D 16. A 17. B 18. C 19. D 20. B 21. C 22. B 23. A 24. C 25. B 26. C 27. D 28. A 29. B 30. B 31. A 32. A 虚拟语气 句型31 ‎ ‎（从句）If + were/did（动词的过去式），（主句）主语 + would/might/should/could + do（表示对现在情况的假设）‎ ‎[例句]‎ If I were you, I would not be so proud. 如果我是你，我不会如此自负。‎ I don’t have a cellphone. If I had one, it would be convenient for me to get in touch with others. ‎ If I were in your position, I would think better of it. 如果我处在你的位置，我会好好考虑它。‎ 句型32‎ ‎ （从句）If + had done, （主句）主语+ would/might/should/could ‎ +have done（表示对过去或已经发生事情的虚拟假设）‎ ‎[例句]‎ What a pity it is that you didn’t attend the concert yesterday! If you had attended the concert, you would have seen the famous singer. ‎ 真遗憾昨天你没有去听音乐会。如果你去了，就能见到那位著名歌手。 ‎ Anyone in his position would have done the same. ‎ ‎=If anyone had been in his position, he would have done the same. 任何处在他位置的人都会这样做的。‎ 句型33‎ ‎ （从句）If + were/did（动词过去式）/were to do/should do，（主句）主语+ would/might/should/could + do（表示对将来的假设）‎ ‎[例句]‎ If he should refuse (= If he were to refuse=If he refused), it didn’t matter at all. 万一他拒绝了，那也没关系。‎ If you shouldn’t pass the college entrance examination, what would you do? ‎ 万一高考不中，你该怎么办？‎ 句型34虚拟语气条件句的倒装 ‎ 在虚拟条件句中，如果出现有were, had, should，可以省去if, 把这些词放在句子前面，构成虚拟倒装句。‎ ‎[例句]‎ Should he act like that again, he would be fined. 如果他还这样做，就要受罚。‎ Had the doctor come in time last night (=If the doctor had come in time last time), the boy would have been saved. 昨天晚上要是医生及时到达，小孩就会得救。‎ Were I to go to the moon one day, I would see it with my own eyes. ‎ Had I enough money (= If I had enough money), I would buy a larger house. ‎ 句型35‎ if only引起的感叹句，相当于 “How I wish + 宾语从句”，意思是“但愿……；要是……就好了”‎ ‎[例句]‎ If only he could come! 他要是能来就好了！‎ If only we students didn’t have so much homework！要是没有这么多的作业该多好！‎ If only I hadn’t been so careless in the exam! 我当时没有那么粗心就好了！ ‎ 句型36‎ if it were not for… (= were it not for…)‎ if it hadn’t been for… (= had it not been for…)“要不是因为有……；如果不是……”‎ ‎[注意]这种结构中不能用否定结构的缩写形式，即不能用weren’t it for…）‎ ‎[例句]‎ If it hadn’t been for (= Had it not been for) the determined captain, all the passengers on board wouldn’t have been saved. 要不是船长一直坚强，船上的旅客就不会得救。‎ If it were not for your rich parents, you couldn’t live so easy a life. 要不是你父母有钱，你的生活不会如此安逸。 ‎ If it were not for the expense, I would go abroad now. 如果不是因为经费问题，我现在就出国了。‎ 句型37‎ ‎ “but for + 名词”和“but that +从句”，意思是“倘若不是；要不是”，接虚拟语气 ‎[例句]‎ But for air and water, nothing could live. (= If there were no air or water, nothing could live.)‎ 如果没有空气和水，什么东西都难以生存。‎ But for the storm, we should have arrived earlier. ‎ ‎= If it hadn’t been for the storm, we should have arrived earlier. 如果不是暴风雨，我们早就到了。 ‎ But for you, we couldn’t have carried out the plan. 要不是你的话，我们无法实施那项计划。‎ She could not have believed it but that she saw it. 若非亲眼所见，她是不会相信的。 ‎ 句型38‎ 在动词insist（1坚持做某事），order, command（2命令）, advise, suggest, propose（3建议做某事），demand, require, request, ask（4要求）等表示建议、命令、要求的名词性从句中谓语动词要用虚拟语气。基本句型：主语+ (should) + 动词原形。另外像decide, desire, intend, recommend等也要接(should)+动词原形结构。‎ ‎[例句]‎ Mother insists that Tom (should) go to bed at nine o’clock.（宾语从句）‎ We suggested that the meeting (should) be held at once. ‎ It was required that the crops (should) be harvested at once.（主语从句）‎ The suggestion that he (should) be invited was rejected.（同位语从句）‎ That is their demand that their wages (should) be increased.（表语从句）‎ ‎[注意1]‎ ‎ advice, suggestion, order, demand, proposal, request, desire, command, decision, requirement等名词引导的同位语从句或表语从句，谓语动词用 (should) + 动词原形。‎ ‎[注意2]‎ ‎ It’s suggested/ advised/ demanded/ordered/requested/proposed/required/desired等结构后的主语从句中，谓语动词用(should) + 动词原形。‎ ‎[注意3]suggest意思是“表明，暗示；说明”时；insist意思是“坚持观点，坚持看法”时，句子不能用虚拟语气。 ‎ ‎[例句]‎ He insisted that he was innocent.=He insisted on his innocence. 他坚持说自己是无辜的。‎ He insisted that he had never done wrong. 他坚持说没有做错事情。‎ Are you suggesting that I’m not suited for the job? 你是在暗示说我不适合做那项工作？‎ The look on his face suggested that the teacher was quite satisfied with the result. 脸上的表情说明老师对结果感到满意。‎ 句型39 ‎ ‎ It is necessary/important/natural/impossible/essential（基本的）等结构后的主语从句中要用虚拟语气，即主语+(should)+动词原形 ‎[例句]‎ It’s necessary that Tom take the exam first. Tom有必要先参加考试。‎ With the society developing very fast, it’s quite necessary/important that we (should) have a good knowledge of English and computer. 随着社会的快速发展，我们有必要精通英语和电脑。‎ 句型40‎ It’s strange/surprising/a pity/a shame/a surprise (that) … should do…should表示“竟然”‎ ‎[例句]‎ It’s a pity that she should miss the chance. 很遗憾她错过了机会。‎ It’s really surprising that a prophecy（预言）should coincide with the fact so exactly. 令人惊讶的是，预言和事实竟然如此巧合。‎ It’s strange that he shouldn’t pass the exam. 奇怪的是他竟然没有通过考试。‎