2020版高考英语一轮完形填空和语法填空优练题（2）（含解析） 9页

‎2019版高考英语一轮完形填空和语法填空优练题（2）‎ 李仕才 Part A：完形填空 A There was once a man who was shipwrecked and stranded(搁浅) on an island. Every day he prayed, asking God to send someone to rescue him, but to his __1__ no one ever came.‎ Months passed and this man learned how to __2__ on the island. During this time, he __3__ things from the island and stored them in a __4__ that he constructed. One day after hunting for food and returning to his hut, __5__ to his dismay(沮丧) he saw that his hut was on fire along with everything else he owned!‎ All of his possessions were __6__ in flames! The only thing he had __7__ were the clothes on his back. __8__ he was in shock, and then he was consumed with anger!‎ In his __9__he threw a fist into the air and began __10__ at God and yelling, “God, how could you let this happen to me? I've been praying every day for months about being __11__ and no one has come, and now everything that I have is on fire! How could you do this to me! Why did you let this happen？”‎ Later the man was on his hands and knees weeping __12__ when he happened to look up and __13__ sight of a ship coming in his direction. The man was rescued and as they were heading back to the __14__， the man asked the captain, “How were you __15__ to find me？”‎ The captain responded, “We were __16__across the ocean when we noticed on the horizon a column of __17__ going up. We decided to __18__it out and when we did, that's when we found you！”‎ In life we are going to be __19__ with challenges, problems, and disasters. But keep it in mind that God can transform what the devil has __20__for bad into your good! What is a catastrophe can sometimes be a blessing in disguise.‎ ‎1. A. satisfaction　　　　　 B. disappointment C. delight D. embarrassment ‎2. A. survive B. entertain C. defend D. escape ‎3. A. consumed B. operated C. distinguished D. accumulated ‎4. A. hut B. house C. tent D. shed 9‎ ‎5. A. little B. ever C. much D. even ‎6. A. going up B. going over C. going down D. going through ‎7. A. deserted B. stored C. left D. dropped ‎8. A. Apparently B. Gradually C. Firstly D. Unusually ‎9. A. anger B. joy C. regret D. excitement ‎10. A. aiming B. throwing C. laughing D. swearing ‎11. A. inquired B. rescued C. fed D. cured ‎12. A. heavily B. closely C. irregularly D. cautiously ‎13. A. form B. catch C. lose D. gain ‎14. A. civilization B. north C. island D. world ‎15. A. eager B. willing C. surprised D. able ‎16. A. boating B. swimming C. voyaging D. flying ‎17. A. ash B. water C. smoke D. thunder ‎18. A. check B. set C. rule D. hand ‎19. A. charged B. delighted C. concerned D. faced ‎20. A. pressed B. packed C. meant D. charged ‎[文章大意]　本文是一则小故事，描述了一个因船只失事困于海岛的人几经周折被营救的过程。故事告诉我们：有时会因祸得福。‎ 9‎ ‎1. B。这个被困于小岛的人每天祷告求上帝派人去救他，但并没有人来，由此可知，他很失望。to one's disappointment“令人失望的是”符合语境。‎ ‎2. A。几个月过去了，这个人学会了如何在岛上生存。survive“活下来，幸存”符合语境。entertain“娱乐”，defend“防守”，escape“逃跑”，都不符合语境。‎ ‎3. D。在这期间，他积累(accumulate)从岛上得来的东西并存储在他建造的小屋里。consume“消耗”，operate“操作”，distinguish“区分”，都不符合语境。‎ ‎4. A。下文信息“One day after hunting for food and returning to his hut”是暗示。‎ ‎5. C。一天他寻找食物后回到自己的小屋时，沮丧地发现，小屋连同他的一切都着火了！much to one's dismay“让人十分沮丧的是……”符合语境。‎ ‎6. A。句意：他所有的财产都在大火中化为乌有！go up“被烧毁”，符合句意。‎ ‎7. C。他唯一剩下的就只有身上的衣服。leave“剩下”符合句意。‎ ‎8. C。firstly...and then...为常用搭配。句意：他首先惊呆了，继而满腔怒火！‎ ‎9. A。上文信息“then he was consumed with anger”是暗示。句意：愤怒之下，他在空中挥舞着拳头。‎ ‎10. D。句意：他开始诅咒上帝，大声喊道：“上帝，你怎么能让这种事发生在我身上……”。swear at“诅咒，咒骂”符合句意。‎ ‎11. B。第一段中的“Every day he prayed, asking God to send someone to rescue him”有暗示。他一直祈祷能获救，但没人来，现在自己的一切都被火烧毁了！‎ ‎12. A。后来他跪在地上大哭起来，却在不经意间抬头看见一艘船朝他的方向驶来。heavily“剧烈地，猛烈地”符合语境。closely“仔细地，紧跟地，密切地”，irregularly“不规则地”，cautiously“谨慎地”，都不符合语境。‎ ‎13. B。catch sight of“看见，发现”，符合语境。‎ ‎14. A。那人获救后肯定是回到了文明社会中。civilization“文明的环境”，符合语境。‎ ‎15. D。这个人问船长，“你是如何能找到我的？”be able to do sth.“能够做某事”。‎ ‎16. C。根据常识可知，船长肯定是驾驶船只在跨越大西洋航行(voyage)。‎ ‎17. C。船长回答说，“……我们注意到在地平线上有炊烟袅袅升起。”‎ ‎18. A。船长他们决定去看看，于是找到了那个人。check out“检查，核实”符合语境。‎ ‎19. D。在生活中我们要面对各种挑战、问题和灾难。be faced with sth.“面对……”符合语境。‎ ‎20. C。但是要记住，魔鬼意欲使坏时，上帝能将坏事变成好事。有时会因祸得福。mean“打算，意欲”，符合语境。‎ B ‎(2015·长春调研考试)‎ 9‎ After graduation from college，I was offered a whitecollar job in an office in Manhattan.We had large __1__ overlooking a busy street.I stood by one of them one day，when a young lady walking on sideway __2__ and made eye contact—naturally，I __3__.　‎ That was the beginning of making others happy.When things were __4__，I stood in the window and waved at the passengers who looked up and this made me smile—work __5__ was washed away.‎ Late afternoon was the __6__ time.Rushhour traffic filled the street with cars and buses.After waving became __7__，I tried to improve my act.I made signs，“Hi！”，“Hello！”，and “Be Happy！”I __8__ them in the window and waved.‎ ‎__9__ Day was drawing near.Job cuts were announced.Several coworkers would __10__ their jobs.Stress reached a high point.Everyone felt __11__.We needed to do something to break the tension.‎ While working one night，a red jacket __12__ my attention.I used my __13__ and turned it into a piece of Santa’s clothing.The next day my coworkers gathered around me and __14__ for the first time in weeks.Just then my boss passed by.He looked up，saw me，shook his head and left.‎ I thought I __15__ trouble.Soon my boss phoned me，“Mike，come to my office！”When in his office，I felt very nervous，“Mike...”Tears __16__ in his eyes，as I sat silent and confused.When he regained __17__，he said，“Thanks，Mike！With the job cuts，it’s been hard to enjoy the Christmas.Thanks for the laugh，I __18__ it.”‎ That evening，and every evening of the Christmas season，I stood __19__ in the window.People smiled at the strange Santa.My heart was filled with joy，__20__ I made those people smile after a long day at work.‎ ‎【解题导语】　本文是一篇记叙文。由于作者工作的地方靠着一条繁忙的街道，并且办公室又有一个大的窗子，所以他可以通过窗子向下俯瞰。工作不忙时，他就和下面的路人打招呼。在圣诞节的晚上，作者穿上了用红色的夹克衫做成的圣诞老人的衣服，给过往的路人带来了快乐，也缓解了公司同事因裁员带来的紧张感。‎ ‎1．A.doors B．rooms C．windows D．restaurants 解析：选C。考查名词辨析。根据第二段第二句中的“I stood in the window”可知，“我们”有大窗户，可以眺望繁忙的街道。故答案选C。‎ ‎2．A.speeded up B．looked up C．broke down D．pulled through 解析：选B。考查动词短语辨析。根据上文中的“overlooking a busy street”及下文“made 9‎ ‎ eye contact”可知，当“我”眺望繁忙的街道时，一个路人抬头看到了“我”。look up意为“抬头看”，符合语境。speed up意为“加速”；break down意为“出故障”；pull through意为“渡过，克服”，均与语境不符。故答案选B。‎ ‎3．A.waved B．hid C．left D．shouted 解析：选A。考查动词辨析。根据第二段第二句中的“waved at the passengers who looked up”可知，“我”很自然地挥手打招呼。wave意为“挥手”，符合语境。hide意为“隐藏”；leave意为“离开”；shout意为“叫喊”，均与语境不符。故答案选A。‎ ‎4．A.important B．slow C．right D．bad 解析：选B。考查形容词辨析。根据语境可知，当工作慢下来的时候，“我”站在窗户边向路人招手微笑。slow意为“慢的”，符合语境。important意为“重要的”；right意为“对的”；bad意为“坏的”，均与语境不符。故答案选B。‎ ‎5．A.stress B．pleasure C．experience D．challenge 解析：选A。考查名词辨析。根据语境可知，这种微笑使“我”没有了工作压力。stress意为“压力”，符合语境。pleasure意为“快乐”；experience意为“经历，经验”；challenge意为“挑战”，均与语境不符。故答案选A。‎ ‎6．A.quickest B．hardest C．longest D．best 解析：选D。考查形容词辨析。根据本段后面作者做各种标志来改善打招呼的方式可知，傍晚是最好的时光。best意为“最好的”，符合语境。quickest意为“最快的”；hardest意为“最难的”；longest意为“最长的”，均与语境不符。故答案选D。‎ ‎7．A.encouraging B．embarrassing C．boring D．moving 解析：选C。考查形容词辨析。根据语境可知，当只挥手变得有些乏味时，“我”就做了一些标志。boring意为“乏味的，厌烦的”，符合语境。encouraging意为“令人鼓舞的”；embarrassing意为“令人尴尬的”；moving意为“动人的”，均与语境不符。故答案选C。‎ ‎8．A.saw B．read C．posted D．painted 解析：选C。考查动词辨析。根据语境可知，“我”就把这些标志贴在了窗子上。post意为“张贴”，符合语境。see意为“看见”；read意为“阅读”；paint意为“绘画，油漆”，均与语境不符。故答案选C。‎ ‎9．A.Christmas B．Labor 9‎ C．Thanksgiving D．National 解析：选A。考查名词辨析。根据第五段第二句中的“turned it into a piece of Santa’s clothing”和第六段中的“it’s been hard to enjoy the Christmas”以及最后一段第一句中的“every evening of the Christmas season”可知，圣诞节就要临近了。故答案选A。‎ ‎10．A.seek B．lose C．finish D．take 解析：选B。考查动词辨析。根据第四段第二句“Job cuts were announced.”可知，因为要裁员，所以有几个同事要失去工作。lose意为“失去”，符合语境。seek意为“寻求”；finish意为“完成”；take意为“拿”，均与语境不符。故答案选B。‎ ‎11．A.anxious B．confident C．useless D．peaceful 解析：选A。考查形容词辨析。根据上文可知，因为裁员，有人要失去工作，所以大家都很担心。anxious意为“担忧的”，符合语境。confident意为“自信的”；useless意为“无用的”；peaceful意为“平静的”，均与语境不符。故答案选A。‎ ‎12．A.relaxed B．drew C．switched D．involved 解析：选B。考查动词辨析。句意为：一天晚上正在工作时，一件红色夹克衫吸引了我的注意。draw意为“吸引”，符合语境。relax意为“放松”；switch意为“转换”；involve意为“包含，牵涉”，均与语境不符。故答案选B。‎ ‎13．A.imagination B．relation C．experience D．pressure 解析：选A。考查名词辨析。句意为：我发挥想象力把它改成了一件圣诞老人的衣服。imagination意为“想象力”，符合语境。relation意为“关系”；experience意为“经历，经验”；pressure意为“压力”，均与语境不符。故答案选A。‎ ‎14．A.spoke B．acted C．laughed D．returned 解析：选C。考查动词辨析。根据第六段中的“Thanks for the laugh”可知，第二天同事们围在“我”身边，这是几个星期以来第一次大笑。laugh意为“笑”，符合语境。speak意为“讲话”；act意为“行动”；return意为“返回”，均与语境不符。故答案选C。‎ ‎15．A.took B．caused C．forgot D．suffered 9‎ 解析：选B。考查动词辨析。句意为：我以为我引起了麻烦。cause意为“引起”，符合语境。take意为“拿”；forget意为“忘记”；suffer意为“遭受”，均与语境不符。故答案选B。‎ ‎16．A.fell B．appeared C．dried D．swallowed 解析：选B。考查动词辨析。句意为：当我默默地坐着，感到困惑时，他的眼睛里泛着泪花。appear意为“出现”，符合语境。fall意为“落下，下降”；dry意为“弄干”；swallow意为“吞没”，均与语境不符。故答案选B。‎ ‎17．A.confidence B．anger C．control D．strength 解析：选C。考查名词辨析。根据上文可知，他热泪盈眶，所以此处表示他重新控制住自己的情绪。control意为“控制”，符合语境。confidence意为“自信”；anger意为“生气”；strength意为“力量，力气”，均与语境不符。故答案选C。‎ ‎18．A.chose B．knew C．accepted D．needed 解析：选D。考查动词辨析。根据上文“it’s been hard to enjoy the Christmas.Thanks for the laugh”可知，“我”需要这份欢笑。need意为“需要”，符合语境。choose意为“选择”；know意为“知道”；accept意为“接受”，均与语境不符。故答案选D。‎ ‎19．A.luckily B．eagerly C．naturally D．proudly 解析：选D。考查副词辨析。根据下文“I made those people smile after a long day at work”可知，“我”很自豪地站在窗子那里。proudly意为“自豪地”，符合语境。luckily意为“幸运地”；eagerly意为“急切地”；naturally意为“自然地”，均与语境不符。故答案选D。‎ ‎20．A.because B．but C．although D．if 解析：选A。考查连词辨析。句意为：我的心里充满了快乐，因为我能够使那些工作了一天的路人露出微笑。根据语境可知，此处表示因果关系。because意为“因为”，符合语境。but意为“但是”；although意为“尽管”；if意为“如果”，均与语境不符。故答案选A。‎ Part B：短文语法填空 Over the years I've been teaching kids about a simple but powerful concept — the ant philosophy (哲学), an 1.________ (amaze) fourpart philosophy.‎ First, ants never quit. If they're heading somewhere and you try to stop them, they'll climb over. they'll climb under, or they'll climb around. They never quit 2.________ (look) for a way to get where they 3.________ (suppose) to go! Second, ants think 9‎ ‎ about winter and summer. They are always gathering in their winter food in the middle of summer and they are making 4.________ (prepare) for the long cold winter. So you have to think about storms in summer; think about rocks 5.________ you enjoy the sand and sun. Third, ants think about summer all winter. During the winter, they remind 6.________， “This won't last long and we'll soon be out of here.” On 7.________ first warm day, the ants are out. If it 8.____ ____ (turn) cold again, they'll dive back down. But they come out again if it is warm. Last, how much will an ant gather during the summer to prepare for the winter? All that it 9.________ (possible) can. 10.________ you can learn from the ant philosophy is: Never give up, look ahead, stay positive and do all you can.‎ ‎【参考答案】‎ ‎1．amazing　考查动词的现在分词形式。令人惊叹的哲学。故填amazing。‎ ‎2．looking　考查quit的用法。quit doing sth.“放弃/停止做某事”。‎ ‎3．are supposed　考查supposed的用法。be supposed to do sth.“应该做某事”。‎ ‎4．preparations　考查固定搭配。make preparations for“做好……的准备”。句意：他们总是在仲夏的时候，准备冬天的食物，为漫长而寒冷的冬天做准备。‎ ‎5．when/as　考查连词的用法。句意：因此，在夏天，你必须考虑暴风雨；当你享受阳光和沙滩的时候，考虑砂石。“当……时”，可以用时间连词when或者as。故填when/as。‎ ‎6．themselves　考查反身代词。在冬天的时候，他们会提醒他们自己。故填themselves。‎ ‎7．the　考查定冠词the的用法。定冠词the在句中表示已经出现过的人或物，表示特指。在第一个温暖的一天，蚂蚁们都会出来。这里特指第一个暖和的一天。故填the。‎ ‎8．turns　考查一般现在时的用法。在if引导的条件状语从句中，从句用一般现在时表示条件，主句用将来时表示结果。句意：如果天气再一次变冷，他们将会潜回去。故填turns。‎ ‎9．possibly　考查副词的用法。这里是一个省略句，省略掉can后面的动词，而修饰动词要用副词。故填possibly。‎ ‎10．What 　考查what引导的主语从句。what引导的主语从句中，what在从句中作主语，‎ 9‎ 表示“你所……的”。你可以从蚂蚁哲学中学到的是：永远不要放弃，向前看，保持积极的心态，尽你所能。故填What。‎ 9‎