2020版高考英语一轮基础习选题 Unit 3 Life in the future（含解析）新人教版必修5 8页

Unit 3 Life in the future 李仕才 一、阅读理解。‎ Since 1985，Johnny Jennings,86，has been selling newspapers and magazines to a recycling center with his son.By the time Jennings' only child was 17，he stopped joining his father.Even though his son is all grown up now，Jennings hasn't slowed down his efforts.In fact，he has turned his recycling money into something bigger.‎ The Ringgold，Georgia native visits local churches and businesses to collect paper，which he brings to a recycling center for money.But instead of putting those earnings in his own bank account，he sends every dollar to Georgia Baptist Children's Homes&Family Ministries.Once a year，he'll give the organization a check somewhere between$10,000 and$35,000.By 2016，that tallied up to$400,000.‎ These days，Jennings' recycling has turned into a community effort.After he has made his own rounds recycling paper from businesses and churches，he'll find more items waiting for him at home.Community members drop off other recyclables at his house so he can sell them，along with books，food，clothes，and other items to give away.‎ Recycling centers typically pay just onehalf to three cents per pound of paper，but Jennings' visits have added up the big time.In 2016 alone，he sold more than 400,000 pounds of paper and 51,000 aluminum cans(铝罐)，and collected more than 32,000 pennies.Over the course of 32 years he has recycled more than 9.8 million pounds of paper，saving an estimated 79,000 trees in the process.‎ Jennings‎ says he'll continue raising money for charity as long as his health allows.‎ ‎1．How old was Johnny Jennings when he started recycling?‎ A．17. B．32.‎ C．54. D．86.‎ ‎2．The underlined word “tallied”in Paragraph 2 probably means “________”．‎ A．added B．looked C．made D．mixed ‎3．What is community members' attitude towards Johnny Jennings?‎ A．Unclear. B．Doubtful.‎ C．Tolerant. D．Supportive.‎ ‎4．What makes Johnny Jennings special?‎ A．His long life and hobby.‎ 8‎ B．His recycling work and donation.‎ C．The pennies he collects.‎ D．The amount of trees he plants.‎ ‎【解题导语】文章讲述了乐于助人的Johnny Jennings常年回收废旧物品资助慈善机构的故事。‎ ‎【难句分析】The Ringgold，Georgia native visits local churches and businesses to collect paper，which he brings to a recycling center for money.‎ 分析：这是一个主从复合句。句中which引导非限制性定语从句。‎ 译文：这个佐治亚州Ringgold市的本地人去当地的教堂和企业收集废纸，带到废品回收中心换钱。‎ ‎【背景知识】佐治亚州(Georgia，简称GA)，美国东南部7个州之一。北界田纳西州和北卡罗来纳州，南邻佛罗里达州，东北与南卡罗来纳州接壤，东南临大西洋，西毗亚拉巴马州，州府是亚特兰大。‎ ‎1．C　考查细节理解。根据第一段中的“Since 1985，Johnny Jennings,86，has been selling newspapers and magazines to a recycling center with his son”和第四段中的“Over the course of 32 years he has recycled”可知，Johnny Jennings开始回收废旧物品时应该是54岁。‎ ‎2．A　考查词义猜测。根据该词所在句及前一句“Once a year, he'll give the organization a check somewhere between$10,000 and$35,000.By 2016, that tallied up to $‎400,000”‎中的数据可知，tallied意为：计算总数。所以A项正确。‎ ‎3．D　考查推理判断。根据第三段中的“Community members drop off other recyclables at his house so he can sell them，along with books，food，clothes, and other items to give away”可知，Johnny Jennings所在社区的成员们支持他回收废旧物品资助慈善机构的工作。‎ ‎4．B　考查推理判断。文章讲述Johnny Jennings常年回收废旧物品资助慈善机构的故事。所以是回收废旧物品资助慈善机构的故事让Johnny Jennings与众不同。‎ 二、单句语法填空 ‎1．She can't tolerate ________(treat) that way.‎ 答案：being treated　tolerate doing sth.“容忍做某事”。主语she与treat之间为被动关系，故填动名词的被动形式，即being treated。‎ ‎2．Your art skills are excellent and admirable, which leave me a deep ________(impress)．‎ 答案：impression　leave sb. a deep impression “给某人留下深刻印象”。‎ 8‎ ‎3．________(devote) to his research work, the professor cared little about other things.‎ 答案：Devoted　本句中含有be devoted to的结构，结合句子结构可知，应用过去分词短语作状语，描述一种状态，即“潜心于研究工作”，故填devoted。‎ ‎4．Please pass the papers on to the students ________(seat) at the back of the classroom.‎ 答案：seated　分析句子结构可知，设空处作定语，修饰the students，因此用所给词的形容词形式表示“入座的，就座的”这种状态。故填seated。‎ ‎5．Sales director is a position ________communication ability is just as important as sales skills.‎ 答案：where　设空处所填词引导定语从句，指代表抽象地点的先行词position，关系词在从句中作状语，意为“在此职位上”，故填where。‎ ‎6．In ________(come) the headmaster, followed by a group of students.‎ 答案：came　表示方向的副词位于句首，且句子主语为名词，句子应采用全部倒装结构。‎ ‎7．He tried to run away but gave up when he found himself ________(surround)．‎ 答案：surrounded　本句中宾语himself和surround存在被动关系，应用过去分词作宾补，故填surrounded。‎ ‎8．The old man got on the bus, ________(support) by a girl.‎ 答案：supported　the old man与support之间为被动关系，故填过去分词supported，在此处作方式状语。‎ ‎9．He is always ready to take ________heavy responsibilities.‎ 答案：up　take up “开始担当(新的责任)”。take up responsibility “承担责任”。‎ ‎10．No one in the carriage had ________(previous) spoken to the ticket owner before.‎ 答案：previously　句意：事先车上没人和这个持票人说过话。副词作状语修饰动词短语had spoken to。‎ 三、完形填空。‎ Mildred Webinga Freeman was an English teacher at the new middle school I attended in the ninth grade. She wasn't my __1__ ; she was the adviser to the safety patrol(巡逻队) on which I __2__. I loved being around her and __3__ her sense of humor and kind personality. She was __4__ a good listener.‎ At the end of the year, she __5__ that she was moving to Florida, and I was very sad. We exchanged __6__ and became pen pals. I could tell her __7__， and she treated 8‎ ‎ me __8__ respect even though I was a teenager.‎ ‎ In Florida, Mrs. Freeman became a Realtor (房地产经纪人), __9__ she managed to find time to write letters. She wrote __10__ stories and always took my concerns __11__. She had given me a(n) __12__ invitation to visit, and I missed her so much. When I __13__ to take her up on the __14__， she answered, “Get your shoes on and your bags __15__ ! You are welcome anytime！”‎ ‎ I spent three weeks with her in Miami. Her __16__ of poetry, music, and creative writing __17__ me to follow these endeavors (努力). One day __18__ hanging sheets on the clothesline, she __19__ and said, “You know, the sky is fuel for the soul.” I had never looked at the __20__ before hearing those words. Two years later, I received a call that Mrs. Freeman had passed away.‎ ‎【文章大意】'本文主要讲述了作者在中学期间和一名英语老师之间的故事。‎ ‎1．A.mother B．friend ‎ C．classmate D．teacher 答案与解析：D'根据上文中的“Mildred Webinga Freeman was an English teacher at the new middle school I attended in the ninth grade.”和空后的“she was the adviser to the safety patrol(巡逻队)”可推知，Mildred Webinga Freeman不是作者的老师(teacher)，下文中的“and became pen pals”也是提示。‎ ‎2．A.served B．advised ‎ C．expected D．led 答案与解析：A　根据语境并结合选项可知，作者当时也在巡逻队里。serve“为……工作”。‎ ‎3．A.shared B．enjoyed ‎ C．imagined D．found 答案与解析：B　根据空前的“I loved being around her”可知，作者喜欢(enjoyed)老师的幽默感和善良的品质。‎ ‎4．A.never B．just ‎ C．still D．also 答案与解析：D　根据上文中的“an English teacher”和“the adviser”可知，本句是对这位老师身份的补充说明，指她也(also)是一个好的倾听者。‎ ‎5．A.knew B．announced C．thought D．realized 答案与解析：B　根据语境可知，老师宣布(announced)了一个消息，她要搬到佛罗里达州了，作者感到很伤心。‎ 8‎ ‎6．A.addresses B．gifts ‎ C．views D．roles 答案与解析：A　根据上文中的“At the end of the year, she '5' that she was moving to Florida”和空后的“and became pen pals”可推知，作者和老师互换了地址(addresses)，成了笔友。‎ ‎7．A.many B．much C．everything D．something 答案与解析：C　根据上文中的“and became pen pals”与空后的“she treated me '8' respect even though I was a teenager”可推知，作者与老师无话不谈，这与上文作者乐于和老师相处的背景呼应。故选C。‎ ‎8．A.in B．as ‎ C．with D．to 答案与解析：C　固定搭配：treat sb. with sth.意为“以某种态度/方式对待某人”，符合语境，故选C。‎ ‎9．A.so B．but ‎ C．or D．for 答案与解析：B　根据空后的“she managed to find time to write letters”可推知，上下文表示转折关系。故选B。‎ ‎10．A.amusing B．different C．emotional D．ordinary 答案与解析：A　根据上文中的“I loved being around her and '3' her sense of humor and kind personality.”可推知，老师很幽默，总是给作者讲一些好笑的(amusing)故事。‎ ‎11．A.immediately B．carefully ‎ C．seriously D．privately 答案与解析：C　take sb./sth. seriously为固定搭配，意为“认真对待某人/某事”。老师认真对待作者所关切的事情。‎ ‎12．A.urgent B．lucky C．ambiguous D．open 答案与解析：D　根据下文中的“You are welcome anytime！”可推知，老师欢迎作者随时来访，an open invitation为习语，意为“随时可以来访的邀请”，符合语境，故选D。urgent“急迫的”；ambiguous“模棱两可的”。‎ ‎13．A.decided B．hesitated C．wrote D．hurried 答案与解析：C　根据上文中的“We exchanged '6' and became pen 8‎ ‎ pals.”可推知，作者写信(wrote)告诉老师，他接受她的提议(offer)。‎ ‎14．A.offer B．promise ‎ C．excuse D．message 答案与解析：A　参见上题解析。offer“提供，提议”。‎ ‎15．A.bought B．found ‎ C．filled D．packed 答案与解析：D　因为作者要去看望老师，因此老师建议作者收拾行李(packed)，随时欢迎作者的到来。‎ ‎16．A.love B．dream ‎ C．sense D．feeling 答案与解析：A　老师对诗歌、音乐和文学创作的热爱(love)激励(encouraged)着作者去努力。‎ ‎17．A.persuaded B．encouraged C．forced D．allowed 答案与解析：B　参见上题解析。‎ ‎18．A.before B．once ‎ C．while D．after 答案与解析：C　一天，当老师正在把床单挂在晒衣绳上的时候，她抬头看(looked up)到了天空而有所感悟。while“当……时”。‎ ‎19．A.looked over B．looked out ‎ C．looked up D．looked down 答案与解析：C　参见上题解析。‎ ‎20．A.clouds B．flowers ‎ C．people D．houses 答案与解析：A'根据上文中的“You know, the sky is fuel for the soul.”并结合选项可知，当时老师看了天空，此处指的应是天上的云(clouds)。‎ 四、单句改错 ‎1．Despite his lack experience, he got the job.‎ ‎_____________________________________________________‎ 答案：lack后加of　lack of... “缺少……；……的缺乏”，该短语中lack为名词，常与of连用。‎ ‎2．As far as I know, the government will speed the pace of our economic reform.‎ 8‎ ‎_____________________________________________________‎ 答案：speed后加up　speed up “加速”。‎ ‎3．Giving another hour, I can also work out this problem.‎ ‎_____________________________________________________‎ 答案：Giving→Given　give与I之间为逻辑上的动宾关系，故应用过去分词作状语，表被动意义。‎ ‎4．The place was so crowded and we soon lose sight of him.‎ ‎_____________________________________________________‎ 答案：lose→lost　and连接两个并列的简单句，由前一句中的was可知，后一分句应用一般过去时。‎ ‎5．At sight of the snake, the girl burst into tears.‎ ‎_____________________________________________________‎ 答案：sight前加the　at the sight of “一看见……”。‎ 五、七选五 Are you having trouble concentrating when you're reading a book or listening to a lecture？This list of activities might help to improve your study habits.‎ Make a list.We often have trouble paying attention to one thing because our brain wants to think about something else. 1 You don't worry about whatever else you should be doing.‎ Sleep more.Studies show that people who sleep fewer than eight hours a night for a period of time have slower response systems and more difficulty recalling information. 2 ‎ Eat healthier foods.Many people enjoy foods high in fats and sugars. 3 They might give you a temporary burst of energy.However，that energy is soon followed by a crash.‎ Reduce screen time.This may be the most unpopular suggestion among young people.Screen time— time spent looking at cell phones，televisions，computer screens，has a clear effect on the attention span. 4 ‎ ‎ 5 Concentration improves for students who participate in team sports.It could be that being active is helpful in this way.Participating in a sport trains your brain to concentrate on specific tasks，and shut out other thoughts.‎ 8‎ A．Be active.‎ B．Practice more.‎ C．These foods can provide enough energy for focusing.‎ D．But these foods can't be helpful enough when it comes to focusing.‎ E．That is bad news for teens who stay up studying the night before a test.‎ F．Researchers advise parents to limit it when their children need to be focused.‎ G．By writing down all the things you need to do，you'll gain a sense of control.‎ ‎【语篇解读】　本文是一篇说明文。介绍了几种提高注意力的方法。‎ ‎1．G　[根据本段的主题句“列清单”以及空后的“You don't worry about whatever else you should be doing.”可知，选G项。]‎ ‎2．E　[根据本段的主题句“Sleep more.”和空前一句的内容可知，选E项。]‎ ‎3．D　[下文的“that energy is soon followed by a crash”与D项中的“can't be helpful enough”相对应，故答案为D。]‎ ‎4．F　[本段的主题句“Reduce screen time.”与选项F中的“limit it”对应，故答案为F。]‎ ‎5．A　[空处为本段的主题句，由下文的“It could be that being active is helpful in this way.”可知，答案为A。]‎ 8‎