高考英语专项复习完形填空设计 8页

完形填空教学设计 教学内容 完形填空第一课时 教学对象 高三2部9、10班 教学方法 小组合作法、归纳法、辨析法 教学活动组织形式 个体活动，小组活动，班级活动 教学目标 知识目标 初步掌握完形填空的方法和技巧 情感目标 体会语境，克服困难，攻克难关 教学重点 完形填空的特点及解题方法 教学难点 通过上下文解题 一、教学目标：‎ 知识能力目标：要求考生阅读一篇不完整的短文，在提供的选项中为每个空缺处找出最佳答案，培养考生弄清短文大意，通篇考虑，设想所遇空缺处应该出现的内容，随后以该题的选项验证自己的推测，选定答案的能力 ‎1. 阅读理解的能力，尤其是跳读能力；‎ ‎2. 归纳、判断、分析和推理的能力，找准主题、话题以及了解篇章结构的能力；‎ ‎3. 熟练扎实的词汇和语法知识 ‎ 情感态度和价值观目标：培养学生坚忍不拔的毅力以及把握文章人物情感的能力。‎ 二.教学重点：‎ 我把教学重点放在两个方面：‎ 1. 通读全文，掌握大意，使学生对文章的结构和完形特点有更进一步的理解 2. 掌握完形的设题规律，运用正确的做题方法 1） 根据上下文解题 2） 根据常识解题 3） 根据词语辨析解题 4） 根据语法解题 5） 根据关键词解题 三、.教学难点：‎ 1） 如何根据上下文解题 ‎2）找准文中关键词，了解文章结构 四、教学方法：‎ ‎1）归纳法。演练高考题，寻找规律，归纳方法 1） 讨论探究法：教学中采取合作探究，营造自主合作的学习气氛。分小组讨论，展示，交流，让学生自主解决问题。让学生成为学习的主体 2） 引导点拨法。针对完形时学生存在的知识障碍，思维障碍和心理障碍，我适时给与点拨，启发学生思维，从而解决问题。‎ 五、教学过程：‎ Step 1. 引入：通读全文，掌握文章主旨大意 ‎ 练习无选项填空 培养整体意识 Step2. 明确高考考点,掌握技巧和方法 Step3 归纳总结，反复演练 ‎ Teaching content: Skills of doing cloze test Teaching focus: The use of context Teaching difficulty: The introduction and application of context Teaching aids: Multi-media Teaching procedures:‎ Step1:‎ ‎ 1) Greetings:‎ ‎ Introduce the topic by listening to a song and fill in the blanks Sad movies always make me cry Sad movies always make me cry Sad movies always make me cry And so I got on up and slowly I walked on home, And Mama saw the tears and said "Baby what is wrong". And so just to keep ______(x/from telling) her a lie, I just said "______(A .My darling B.Sad movies) makes me cry". Oh Sad movies always make me cry Sad movies always make me cry Sad movies always make me cry Sad movies always make me cry ‎ ‎(The students can know that the blank should be “sad movies”‎ because sad movies is the topic of the song and it is repeated several times.)‎ 设计说明：用英文歌引出本节话题，学生很快入境，并在欣赏歌的同时，填出做完形填空时最应注意内容，使本节课完形最基本做法很快渗透给学生，使学生有章可循。‎ ‎2) Read a short passage and design a cloze.‎ Atsuko, a Japanese woman, had dreamed to go to the United States Atsuko arranged to attend college in California, When she arrived, however, she found it was not her imagined world. “People were struggling with problems and often seemed tense,” she said. “I felt very alone.” . One of her hardest classes was physical education. “We played ‎ volleyball.” she said. “The other students were good at it, but I wasn’t.”‎ Atsuko arranged to attend college in California, When she arrived, however, she found it was not her 1 world. “People were struggling with problems and often seemed 2 ,” she said. “I felt very alone.”‎ One of her hardest 3 was physical education. “We played volleyball.” she said. “The other students were 4 it, but I wasn’t.” （06 湖北）‎ 设计说明：先给出学生短文，让学生自己设题，与做完形做法相反，学生能找出关键词及设题点，并设置选项，因此，在做题时自然就能注意到关键点并将提做好。‎ ‎2) Try to fill in the blanks without looking at the choices so that the students can have a sense of the main idea and do a cloze from the context.‎ A．(07上海)Being alone in outer space can be frightening. That is one reason why astronauts on solo (单独的) space flights were given plenty of work to keep them 45 . They were also in constant communication with people on the earth. 46 , being with people from whom you cannot get away might be even harder than being alone. ‎ B.(05北京) I just heard you tell an old story of gift giving and unselfish love in your program. You doubted that such unselfish love would happen in today’s world. Well, I’m here to give you 36 . ‎ 设计说明：在以上自己设题的基础上，根据关键词进行无选项填空，使学生迅速抓住中心，抓关键词 进行试填，是练习完形的很好的方法。‎ Step2.‎ Show the cloze tests of the entrance examination to let the students know the skills of doing cloze tests.‎ ‎1）. 语境情景（上下文语境）‎ ‎1.Many old people don’t have good __ .They can’t watch TV, but they can listen to the music. (05陕西）　　　　‎ ‎ A. hearing B. health C. eyesight D. time ‎2. Many Africans are very __ and so they can’t afford to eat much meat with their cereal（谷类植物）.‎ ‎ A healthy B. poor C. rich D .weak ‎1）. 语境情景（上下段语境）‎ ‎（０５浙江高考卷） ‎ I saw their bodies, but I couldn’t feel their souls because their souls belonged to the 24 . …‎ ‎24. A. home B. world ‎ ‎ C. net D. cafe 总结：上下文解题思路 抓住上下文语境，分层次利用线索 ‎ 1）在同一句前后可以直接找到答案线索。‎ ‎ 2）逾越句子层次，在前后段落中找到作答线索。‎ ‎ 3）从全文角度出发，在把握中心和具体细节的基础上充分理解文章，才能找出正确答案 。‎ 练习巩固：(2004浙江卷) Bob had just made a “motherhood contract(合同)”—declaring that for 70 days this summer he would  37   the care of their four children and all the housework. Although he didn’t even know how to make coffee when he signed, he was very confident…. After 40 of the 70 days, he was ready to give up. “ I was beaten down, “ admits Bob. “Not only is motherhood a   40  task, it is an impossible job for any normal human being.”….‎ ‎37. A. stick to   B. set about ‎ ‎ C. think about                 D. take over ‎40. A. strange  B. pleasant C. difficult      D. serious ‎2）I climbed the stairs slowly, carrying a big suitcase, my father following with two more. By the time I got to the third floor, I was  1  and at the same time feeling lonely. Worse still, Dad   2  a step and fell, sending my new suitcase   3   down the stairs.  1. A. helpless    B. lazy     ‎ ‎ C. anxious    D. tired  2. A. took       B. minded    ‎ ‎ C. missed    D. picked  3. A. rolling      B. passing     ‎ ‎ C. dropping     D. turning 完形考点二、常识经验 ‎1） It was an early morning in summer . In the street, sleepy-eyed people were moving quickly, going towards their __.‎ ‎ A.homes B.houses ‎ ‎ C.jobs D.offices ‎2) The plane took off higher and higher and it became __.‎ ‎ A. big B.tiny C. strange D. long ‎3)…,she was always waiting at the bus stop around 8:00. On 39 days, she wore heavy clothes and a pair of woolen gloves.‎ ‎39. A.sunny B.rainy ‎ ‎ C.cloudy D.snowy ‎ 巩固练习：‎ nIn Germany, you shake hands with dozens of people every day. The __1___ hands you shake, the better. If you lived in England, you would __2___ ever shake hands with anyone, __3___ you were the Queen or politician. In Germany, you can have a ice-cold glass of beer at any time of a day. In England you can drink a glass of ___4__in a public house only a certain ___5___ and it wouldn’t be ice-cold.‎ n　1. A. bigger B. cleaner C. dirtier D. more n　2. A. exactly B. almost C. hardly D. early n　3. A. unless B. although C. when D. if n　4. A. tea B. beer C. coffee D. milk n　5. A. hours B. days C. years D. weeks 考点三、习惯搭配法 ‎1.These days, only a few people continued ‎ to take the story of the Bominable Snowman ‎ ‎___. (2001quanguo)‎ A. rightly B. actually C. seriously D. properly ‎2.The chance passed and I didn’t (1) it. ‎ ‎ A. take B. have C. lose D. find ‎3.It was 4 o’clock when the doorbell rang. Mrs. Clarke was __ tea at the time.‎ A.cooking B. making C. burning D. serving ‎4. They spend millions of dollars yearly ____ newspapers and magazines… A. in B. to C. on D.for ‎ 巩固练习：（ 06重庆高考卷）‎ As for this, there is a great difference ‎ --- between human beings and insects. The former__2__every possible effort to avoid being discovered, while the latter quickly_3__attention to themselves. ‎ ‎2. A. do B. take C. make D. try ‎3. A. give B. keep C. pay D. draw The other day I was sitting in a small restaurant ___1____ a quiet drink and a talk with a few friends when it suddenly _____2_____ me that almost everyone in the restaurant was smoking. It wasn’t long ____3_____ the whole room was filled with smoke.‎ ‎1. A. have B. had C. having D. have had ‎ 2. A. seemed B. struck C. sank D. showed ‎ 3. A. ago B. after C. before D. now 考点四、词义辨析 ‎1.He didn’t hear the bell for he was completely ______in reading the newspaper. ‎ ‎　A. interested B. centered ‎ ‎ C. addicted D.absorbed ‎ ‎2. Soon I heard a ___like that of a door burst in , and then a climb of feet. ‎ ‎ A. sound B. cry C. voice D. noise At 15, I started a magazine. It was ‎46 a great deal of time, and the headmaster of my school gave me a 47 : stay in school or leave to work on my magazine. ‎ ‎46.A. taking up　　　　B. making up　‎ ‎　C. picking up 　　　　D. keeping up ‎47. A. suggestion 　　　　B. decision　‎ ‎　C. notice 　　　　　　D. choice 词语辨析 解题策略 ‎1.准确掌握词义 ‎2. 看搭配 ‎3. 看感情色彩 ‎4. 看词的涵盖范围 巩固练习：n1. To my horror, I saw, ____ my father's shoulder, a gorilla, …… A. on B. above C. over D. form ‎06 江苏 ‎ ‎ That was thirty-eight years 52 when I was fifteen. I have never told anyone about it before, 53 have I tried to explain to myself why not. ‎ ‎ 52. A. past B. ago C. then D. before n53. A. either B. never C. nor D. so 考点五、突破难句，简化长句， He is a great chatter as well. If he did not know them, he would greet them with a few 49 about the weather , 50 he did know them , he would as k about their families or make 51 , always cutting his cloth according to his customers. (MNET2005江西卷)‎ ‎ 49. A.Saying B.questions C.words D.speeches ‎ ‎ 50. A.and then B.and so C.even if D.but if ‎ 51. A.Preparations B.jokes C.repairs D.friends ‎ ‎(05) On May 27, 1995, our life was suddenly changed. It happened a few minutes past three, 36 my husband, Chris, fell from his horse as it 37 over a fence. Chris was paralyzed (瘫痪) from the chest down, 38 to breathe normally.‎ n36.A.since B. before C. when D. while n37.A. walked B. climbed ‎ ‎ C. pulled D. jumped n38.A. able B. unable ‎ n C. suitable D. unsuitable n小结 ‎1、根据上下文解题 ‎2. 根据固定搭配、词语辨析解题 ‎3、根据逻辑推理解题 ‎4、根据生活常识解题 ‎5、分析句子结构，弄清逻辑关系 巩固练习：1.If you asked high school girls to name their ‎ favorite sports, most would probably say ‎ basketball or volleyball. I happen to be one of ‎ the few girls who would 36 : surfing(冲浪运动).‎ But isn't that a boy thing? Some people 37 ,‎ most certainly not. I started surfing about five ‎ years ago and ‎38 in love with the sport on ‎ the very first day. Riding that first 39 was the ‎ best feeling I had ever experienced. ‎ ‎36. A. tell B. answer C. give D. realize ‎37. A. wonder B. understand C. reply D. believe ‎38. A. stayed B. came C. dropped D. fell ‎39. A. wave B. storm C. sail D. boat ‎2. Imagine my surprise when I got a call from ‎ ‎ my 24-year-old son, ___ his lunch. ‎ ‎ “Did I do something _____? Don’t you ‎ love me ____, mom?” were just a few of the ‎ questions he threw at me as I ____ asked him ‎ what was wrong.‎ ‎ “My note, Mum,” He answered. “ Where ‎ is my note?”‎ ‎1.A, waiting for B. worrying about ‎ C. caring for D. asking about ‎2.A. wrong B. funny C. strange D. smart ‎3. A. any more B. enough C. once more D. better ‎4. A. interestingly B. bitterly ‎ ‎ C. politely D. laughingly 设计说明：利用高考典型题引出做题的各种技巧和思路，使学生迅速明确做完形填空的方法和技巧，并进行总结和概括，后进行综合针对训练，使学生对方法能有意识的运用和掌握。‎ 课后作业 ：‎ ‎ 08年高考全国卷完形填空。短文改错（11）‎ 设计说明：高考题完形设置巧妙，结构紧凑，练习高考题有助于学生迅速掌握方法，熟悉高考完形特征，从而做好完形填空 板书设计： The cloze test ‎ 1. Fill in the blanks without looking at the choices ‎ 2. Find out the main idea ‎ 3. The skills in doing the cloze ‎ ‎ ‎ 1. According to the context ‎ 2. According to the common knowlwdge 3. According to grammar ‎ 4. According to the distinguishing of words ‎ 5. According to the key words and the main idea ‘‎ 6. According to the development of feelings. ‎ 说明：‎ 一、教学准备：‎ 教学用具：多媒体，‎ 教学方法：1）归纳法。‎ ‎2）讨论探究法：‎ ‎3）引导点拨法。‎ 二、教学内容及其地位和作用分析：‎ 完形填空是一种测试学生语言水平和实际运用语言能力的综合性题型， 它要求学生掌握词汇知识，习惯用语， 语法知识，句法结构， 而且要有一定的语篇领悟能力，逻辑思维能力和语言感悟能力，是综合了现行的单选和阅读的考查。近年来试题所设计的知识面不断拓宽，缺少故事情节的文章增多，特别强调对语篇及上下文的理解和应用，而且完形填空题在整个高考试卷中的分值比重为全卷的五分之一，因此，可以说该题型难度大、区分度高，是“容易拉开距离”的题型。‎ 三、学生分析：‎ 完形是高考考卷中最拉分的一项内容，也是许多包括好学生都感到很困惑的题型，学生苦于没有完形填空的方法技巧和思路，丢分很多，因此，本节课的设置有利于学生迅速把握完形方法，做好完形填空。‎ 四、教法及教法选择的原因：‎ ‎1）归纳法。使学生演练高考题，寻找规律，归纳方法 ‎2）讨论探究法：教学中采取合作探究，营造自主合作的学习气氛。分小组讨论，展示，交流，让学生自主解决问题。让学生成为学习的主体 ‎3）引导点拨法。针对完形时学生存在的知识障碍，思维障碍和心理障碍，我适时给与点拨，启发学生思维，从而解决问题。‎ 五、教学效果分析： ‎ 通过对高考题完形技巧分析，学生头脑中对做完形有了初步的概念，掌握了一定的方法，为以后做题打下了很好的基础。学生课上积极讨论，针对每个问题都做到了独立思考，又同组协作，课堂气氛好，利于学生充分发挥主体作用，掌握完形难题的基本方法。达到了预期的目的，取得了很好的效果。许多学生在本课后说做完形有了思路，不再像以前一样盲目做题，多数学生掌握了本节方法，做题速度和正答率有了很大的提高