高考英语真题试题及答案精校版湖北卷 14页

2015 年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试（湖北卷） 英 语 第一部分：听力（共两节，满分 30 分） 第一节（共 5 小题；每小题 1.5 分，满分 7.5 分） 听下面 5 段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的 A、B、C 三个选项中 选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你都有 10 秒钟的时 间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。 1.What does Tom plan to do next week? A. To make a robot. B. To enter a competition. C. To surprise the woman. 2. What is the woman? A. A waitress. B. A tour guide. C. A saleswoman. 3. What is the woman's problem? A. She forgot her seat number. B. She got on the wrong train. C. She lost her train ticket. 4. Why has the man stopped exercising? A. He is busy moving house. B. He lives far away from the gym. C. He dislikes going to the gym alone. 5. How is Janet probably feeling now? A. Disappointed. B. Confused. C. Stressed. 第二节（共 15 小题；每小题 1.5 分，满分 22.5 分） 听下面 5 段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的 A、B、 C 三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段对话或独白前，你 将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题 5 秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出 5 秒钟的作答时 间。每段对话或独白读两遍。 听第 6 段材料，回答第 6、7 题。 6. How long is the woman going to stay at the hotel? A. Two nights. B. Three nights. C. Four nights. 7. Why are the prices for the two rooms different? A. The rooms are different in size. B. The rooms have different views. C. The rooms are of different shapes. 听第 7 段材料，回答第 8、9 题。 8. How did the man come to the place? A. By car. B. On foot. C. By train. 9. Why is the man here? A. To have an interview. B. To discuss traffic problems. C. To share his work experience. 听第 8 段材料，回答第 10 至 12 题。 10. Where are the speakers? A. In a bank. B. On a lake. C. At a hotel. 11. Why does David's father want to spend Christmas in the countryside? A. He can enjoy the lake view. B. He can be freed from housework. C. He can have some peace and quiet. 12. Why is David unhappy? A. He can't attend the party. B. He isn't allowed to skate. C. He has to cook for his parents. 听第 9 段材料，回答第 13 至 16 题。 13. How does Steven describe his music? A. It's hard rock. B. It's folk music. C. It's modern pop. 14. Why does Steven love Australian audiences? A. They never throw things at him. B. They buy more of his records. C. They are more friendly. 15. What's Steven's attitude towards people downloading his music? A. He doesn't mind. B. He feels upset. C. He is puzzled. 16. What advice does Steven give to songwriters? A. Listen to more music. B. Stick to their own style. C. Make use of the Internet. 听第 10 段材料，回答第 17 至 20 题。 17. Which can best describe a tension headache? A. It occurs repeatedly. B. It lasts over a month. C. It causes severe pain. 18. Which is a symptom of tension headaches? A. Loss of consciousness. B. Increased blood pressure. C. A pain at the back of the head. 19. What is the cause of rebound headaches? A. Stressful events. B. Tension in the muscles. C. Too much use of pain medicine. 20. Why is a headache diary helpful for the treatment? A. It helps one find the cause of his headaches. B. It reminds one to take medicine on time. C. It helps remove constant pain. 第二部分：词汇知识运用（共两节，满分 30 分） 第一节：多项选择（共 10 小题；每小题 1 分，满分 10 分） 从 A、B、C、D 四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上 将该项涂黑。 21. When he was running after his brother, the boy lost his ______ and had a bad fall. A. balance B. chance C. memory D. place 22. He gave himself a new name to hide his ______ when he went to carry out the secret task. A. emotion B. talent C. identity D. treasure 23. The team are working hard to ______ the problem so that they can find the best solution. A. face B. prevent C. raise D. analyze 24. In order not to be heard, she pointed her finger upwards to ______ that someone was moving about upstairs. A. whisper B. signal C. declare D. complain 25. There is no doubt that this candidate's advantage ______ his ability to communicate with foreigners in English. A. leaves out B. goes against C. lies in D. makes up 26. Don't worry. I'm sure your missing glasses will ______ sooner or later. A. stand out B. break up C. get out D. turn up 27. Even though the conference hall is near his apartment, he has to hurry a little if he wants to be ______. A. accurate B. punctual C. efficient D. reasonable 28. I don't think what he said is ______ to the topic we are discussing. He has missed the point. A. faithful B. parallel C. relevant D. similar 29. The girl used to be shy, but is ______ getting active in group work and is more willing to express herself. A. gradually B. usually C. previously D. merely 30. This meeting room is a non-smoking area. I would like to warn you ______ that if you smoked here you would be fined. A. in advance B. in detail C. in total D. in general 第二节：完形填空（共 20 小题；每小题 1 分，满分 20 分） 阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的四个选项（A、B、C 和 D）中，选出可以 填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。 “Daily Star, sir,” called Jason, carrying some newspapers under his arm. The little boy had been running up and down the street, but there were still twenty 31 left. His voice was almost gone and his heart was 32 . The shops would soon close, and all the people would go home. He would have to go home too, carrying the papers 33 money. He had hoped to sell more papers tonight to make more money to buy a 34 for his mother and some seeds for his bird. That was why he had bought the papers with all his money. He 35 as he thought of his failure to sell all his papers. “You don't know the 36 of selling papers. You must shout, ‘Hot news! Bomb bursting!'” another newsboy Chad told Jason. “ 37 it's not in the paper at all,” replied Jason. “Just run away quickly 38 they have time to see, and you'll 39 out and get your money,” Chad said. It was a new 40 to Jason. He thought of his bird with no 41 and the cake he wanted to buy for his mother, but was 42 that he would not tell a lie. Though he was 43 a poor newsboy, he had been 44 some good things. The next afternoon Jason went to the office for his papers 45 . Several boys were crowding around Chad, who declared with a 46 smile that he sold six dozen the day before. He added that Jason 47 money because he would not tell a lie. The boys 48 at Jason. “You wouldn't tell a lie yesterday, my boy?” A gentleman at the office came up and patted Jason's shoulder 49 . “You're just the boy I am looking for.” A week later Jason started his new 50 . He lost the sale of twenty papers because he would not tell a lie, but got a well-paid job because he told the truth. 31. A. shops B. coins C. people D. papers 32. A. open B. heavy C. pure D. weak 33. A. instead of B. in return for C. regardless of D. in exchange for 34. A. cup B. card C. comb D. cake 35. A. gave in B. broke down C. got away D. showed up 36. A. difficulty B. process C. goal D. secret 37. A. And B. But C. For D. So 38. A. before B. since C. Though D. unless 39. A. call B. drop C. sell D. reach 40. A. edition B. idea C. policy D. task 41. A. bread B. insects C. seeds D. water 42. A. concerned B. amazed C. excited D. determined 43. A. still B. already C. just D. also 44. A. taught B. handed C. awarded D. allowed 45. A. at once B. by chance C. as usual D. on purpose 46. A. proud B. gentle C. warm D. polite 47. A. borrowed B. lost C. made D. saved 48. A. laughed B. shouted C. nodded D. stared 49. A. bravely B. gratefully C. fondly D. modestly 50. A. duty B. business C. job D. method 第三部分：阅读理解（共 20 小题；每小题 2 分，满分 40 分） 阅读下列短文，从每篇短文后各题所给的四个选项（A、B、C 和 D）中，选出 最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。 A “I see you've got a bit of water on your coat,” said the man at the petrol station. “Is it raining out there?” “No, it's pretty nice,” I replied, checking my sleeve. “Oh, right. A pony (马驹) bit me earlier.” As it happened, the bite was virtually painless: more the kind of small bite you might get from a naughty child. The pony responsible was queuing up for some ice cream in the car park near Haytor, and perhaps thought I'd jumped in ahead of him. The reason why the ponies here are naughty is that Haytor is a tourist-heavy area and tourists are constantly feeding the ponies foods, despite signs asking them not to. By feeding the ponies, tourists increase the risk of them getting hit by a car, and make them harder to gather during the area's annual pony drift (迁移). The purpose of a pony drift is to gather them up so their health can be checked, the baby ones can be stopped from feeding on their mothers' milk, and those who've gone beyond their limited area can be returned to their correct area. Some of them are also later sold, in order to limit the number of ponies according to the rules set by Natural England. Three weeks ago, I witnessed a small near-disaster a few miles west of here. While walking, I noticed a pony roll over on his back. “Hello!” I said to him, assuming he was just rolling for fun, but he was very still and, as I got closer, I saw him kicking his legs in the air and breathing heavily. I began to properly worry about him. Fortunately, I managed to get in touch with a Dartmoor's Livestock Protection officer and send her a photo. The officer immediately sent a local farmer out to check on the pony. The pony had actually been trapped between two rocks. The farmer freed him, and he began to run happily around again. Dartmoor has 1,000 or so ponies, who play a critical role in creating the diversity of species in this area. Many people are working hard to preserve these ponies, and trying to come up with plans to find a sustainable ( 可 持 续 的 ) future for one of Dartmoor's most financially-troubled elements. 51. Why are tourists asked not to feed the ponies? A. To protect the tourists from being bitten. B. To keep the ponies off the petrol station. C. To avoid putting the ponies in danger. D. To prevent the ponies from fighting. 52. One of the purposes of the annual pony drift is ______. A. to feed baby ponies on milk B. to control the number of ponies C. to expand the habitat for ponies D. to sell the ponies at a good price 53. What was the author's first reaction when he saw a pony roll on its back? A. He freed it from the trap. B. He called a protection officer. C. He worried about it very much. D. He thought of it as being naughty. 54. What does the author imply about the preservation of Dartmoor's ponies? A. It lacks people's involvement. B. It costs a large amount of money. C. It will affect tourism in Dartmoor. D. It has caused an imbalance of species. B What Theresa Loe is doing proves that a large farm isn't a prerequisite for a modern grow-your-own lifestyle. On a mere 1/10 of an acre in Los Angeles, Loe and her family grow, can (装罐) and preserve much of the food they consume. Loe is a master food preserver, gardener and canning expert. She also operates a website, where she shares her tips and recipes, with the goal of demonstrating that everyone has the ability to control what's on their plate. Loe initially went to school to become an engineer, but she quickly learned that her enthusiasm was mainly about growing and preparing her own food. “I got into cooking my own food and started growing my own herbs (香草) and foods for that fresh flavor,” she said. Engineer by day, Loe learned cooking at night school. She ultimately purchased a small piece of land with her husband and began growing their own foods. “I teach people how to live farm-fresh without a farm,” Loe said. Through her website Loe emphasizes that “anybody can do this anywhere.” Got an apartment with a balcony (阳台)? Plant some herbs. A window? Perfect spot for growing. Start with herbs, she recommends, because “they're very forgiving.” Just a little of the herbs “can take your regular cooking to a whole new level,” she added. “I think it's a great place to start.” Then? Try growing something from a seed, she said, like a tomato or some tea. Canning is a natural extension of the planting she does. With every planted food, Loe noted, there's a moment when it's bursting with its absolute peak flavor. “I try and keep it in a time capsule in a canning jar,” Loe said. “Canning for me is about knowing what's in your food, knowing where it comes from.” In addition to being more in touch with the food she's eating, another joy comes from passing this knowledge and this desire for good food to her children: “Influencing them and telling them your opinion on not only being careful what we eat but understanding the bigger picture,” she said, “that if we don't take care of the earth, no one will.” 55. The underlined word “ prerequisite ” (Para. 1) is closest in meaning to “ ”. A. recipe B. Substitute C. requirement D. challenge 56. Why does Loe suggest starting with herbs? A. They are used daily. B. They are easy to grow. C. They can grow very tall. D. They can be eaten uncooked. 57. According to Loe, what is the benefit of canning her planted foods? A. It can preserve their best flavor. B. It can promote her online sales. C. It can better her cooking skills. D. It can improve their nutrition. 58. What is the “the bigger picture”(Para. 6) that Loe wishes her children to understand? A. The knowledge about good food. B. The way to live a grow-our-own life. C. The joy of getting in touch with foods. D. The responsibility to protect our earth. C Hilversum is a medium-sized city between the major cities of Amsterdam and Utrecht in the Gooi area of North Holland, the Netherlands. Unlike most of the Netherlands, Hilversum is actually in a hilly area with the soil mostly consisting of sand. Once called the Garden of Amsterdam, it still attracts travelers to come over to cycle and walk through the surrounding forests. They visit it for a relaxing day off from the urban madness. For Dutch people, Hilversum is all about textile (纺织) and media industries, and modern architecture. In history, Hilversum was largely an agricultural area. Daily life was marked by farming, sheep raising and wool production. A railway link to Amsterdam in 1874 attracted rich traders from Amsterdam to Hilversum. They built themselves large villas (别墅) in the wooded surroundings of the town. One of the families moving in was the Brenninkmeijers, currently the wealthiest family of the Netherlands. They moved in after big success in the textile industry and aided a substantial textile industry in Hilversum. But the textile boom lasted only several decades. The last factory closed in the 1960s. The change to a media economy started in 1920, when the Nederlandse Seintoestellen Fabriek (NSF) established a radio factory in Hilversum. Most radio stations settled in the large villas in the leafy areas of the town. Television gave another push to the local economy. Hilversum became the media capital of the Netherlands, and Dutch television stars moved into the leafy neighborhoods surrounding the town. In the early 1900s, modern architects W. M. Dudok and J. Duiker placed hundreds of remarkable buildings in Hilversum. These modern architectural masterpieces (杰作) are so many that Hilversum almost feels like an open air museum. Dudok alone shaped most of 20th century Hilversum and approximately 75 buildings still bear his unique characteristics. His masterpiece, Hilversum Town Hall, was built in 1928-1931. It has wide international fame and is included in many architecture textbooks. The building has a remarkable shape and looks like a combination of “blocks”. Actually, one may start his journey of modern architecture by walking or biking the W. M. Dudok Architectural Route in Hilversum. 59. Hilversum is different from most of the Netherlands in that ______. A. it has a large population B. it is cut off from big cities C. it has many beautiful gardens D. it is in a hilly area with sandy soil 60. What was the greatest contribution of the Brenninkmeijers to Hilversum? A. Building a railway link to Amsterdam. B. Helping its textile industry to develop. C. Constructing large villas for the poor. D. Assisting its agricultural industry. 61. The beginning of the media industry in Hilversum was marked by the establishment of ______. A. a radio factory B. the media capital C. a radio station D. a TV station 62. What is known about W. M. Dudok's Hilversum Town Hall? A. It consists of approximately 75 buildings. B. It looks like an open air museum in the city. C. It is a classic example in architecture textbooks. D. It has shaped most of 20th century Hilversum. D The oddness of life in space never quite goes away. Here are some examples. First consider something as simple as sleep. Its position presents its own challenges. The main question is whether you want your arms inside or outside the sleeping bag. If you leave your arms out, they float free in zero gravity, often giving a sleeping astronaut the look of a funny ballet (芭蕾) dancer. “I'm an inside guy,” Mike Hopkins says, who returned from a six-month tour on the International Space Station. “I like to be wrapped up.” On the station, the ordinary becomes strange. The exercise bike for the American astronauts has no handlebars. It also has no seat. With no gravity, it's just as easy to pedal violently. You can watch a movie while you pedal by floating a microcomputer anywhere you want. But station residents have to be careful about staying in one place too long. Without gravity to help circulate air, the carbon dioxide you exhale (呼气) has a tendency to form an invisible (隐形的) cloud around your head. You can end up with what astronauts call a carbon-dioxide headache. Leroy Chiao, 54, an American retired astronaut after four flights, describes what happens even before you float out of your seat. “Your inner ear thinks you're falling. Meanwhile your eyes are telling you you're standing straight. That can be annoying—that's why some people feel sick. ” Within a couple of days—truly terrible days for some—astronauts' brains learn to ignore the panicky signals from the inner ear, and space sickness disappears. Space travel can be so delightful but at the same time invisibly dangerous. For instance, astronauts lose bone mass. That's why exercise is considered so vital that National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) puts it right on the workday schedule. The focus on fitness is as much about science and the future as it is about keeping any individual astronaut healthy. NASA is worried about two things: recovery time once astronauts return home, and, more importantly, how to maintain strength and fitness for the two and a half years or more that it would take to make a round-trip to Mars. 63. What is the major challenge to astronauts when they sleep in space? A. Deciding on a proper sleep position. B. Choosing a comfortable sleeping bag. C. Seeking a way to fall asleep quickly. D. Finding a right time to go to sleep. 64. The astronauts will suffer from a carbon-dioxide headache when ______. A. they circle around on their bikes B. they use microcomputers without a stop C. they exercise in one place for a long time D. they watch a movie while pedaling 65. Some astronauts feel sick on the station during the first few days because ______. A. their senses stop working B. they have to stand up straight C. they float out of their seats unexpectedly D. their brains receive contradictory messages 66. One of NASA's major concerns about astronauts is ______. A. how much exercise they do on the station B. how they can remain healthy for long in space C. whether they can recover after returning home D. whether they are able to go back to the station E Science has a lot of uses. It can uncover laws of nature, cure diseases, make bombs, and help bridges to stand up. Indeed science is so good at what it does that there's always a temptation ( 诱 惑 ) to drag it into problems where it may not be helpful. David Brooks, author of The Social Animal: The Hidden Sources of Love, Character, and Achievement, appears to be the latest in a long line of writers who have failed to resist the temptation. Brooks gained fame for several books. His latest book The Social Animal, however, is more ambitious and serious than his earlier books. It is an attempt to deal with a set of weighty topics. The book focuses on big questions: What has science revealed about human nature? What are the sources of character? And why are some people happy and successful while others aren't? To answer these questions, Brooks surveys a wide range of disciplines (学科). Considering this, you might expect the book to be a dry recitation of facts. But Brooks has structured his book in an unorthodox (非常规的), and perhaps unfortunate, way. Instead of introducing scientific theories, he tells a story, within which he tries to make his points, perhaps in order to keep the reader's attention. So as Harold and Erica, the hero and heroine in his story, live through childhood, we hear about the science of child development, and as they begin to date we hear about the theory of sexual attraction. Brooks carries this through to the death of one of his characters. On the whole, Brooks's story is acceptable if uninspired. As one would expect, his writing is mostly clear and, to be fair, some chapters stand out above the rest. I enjoyed, for instance, the chapter in which Harold discovers how to think on his own. While Harold and Erica are certainly not strong or memorable characters, the more serious problems with The Social Animal lie elsewhere. These problems partly involve Brooks's attempt to translate his tale into science. 67. The author mentions the functions of science at the beginning of the passage to ______. A. illustrate where science can be applied B. demonstrate the value of Brooks's new book C. remind the reader of the importance of science D. explain why many writers use science in their works 68. According to the author, which of the following could be a strength of the book? A. Its strong basis. B. Its convincing points. C. Its clear writing. D. Its memorable characters. 69. What is the author's general attitude towards the book? A. Contradictory. B. Supportive. C. Cautious. D. Critical. 70. What is the author likely to write about after the last paragraph? A. Problems with the book. B. Brooks's life experiences. C. Death of the characters. D. Brooks's translation skills. 第四部分：书面表达（共两节，满分 50 分） 第一节：完成句子（共 10 小题；每小题 2 分，满分 20 分） 阅读下列各小题，根据汉语提示，用句末括号内的英语单词完成句子，并将答案 写在答题卡上的相应题号后。 71. If she had been aware that the mushrooms were poisonous, she ______ them for dinner. (pick) 要是知道这些蘑菇有毒，她就不会采来做晚餐了。 72. ______ the beef being cooked on the stove, the mother pictured the whole family having meals together. (look) 看着炉子上炖着的牛肉，妈妈想象着一家人在一起吃饭的画面。 73. The director, ______ a dorm-room in the Film Academy, has already made four films. (share) 这位导演已经执导了四部影片，在电影学院求学时杰克(Jack)与他同住一间寝 室。 74. Into the complete silence of the waiting class ______, “Good morning, children.” (come) 在全班同学静静的等待中传来了老师甜甜的嗓音：“孩子们，早上好。” 75. ______ will not make any difference to our arrangements. (say) 无论她说什么都不会对我们的安排有影响。 76. We must act as quickly as possible now. Just tell us ______ the task or not. (undertake) 现在我们必须尽快采取行动。你就告诉我们你能否承担这项任务吧。 77. The professor was delighted to find that two thirds of the project ______ by the students independently. (finish) 教授高兴地发现学生们已独立完成了该项目三分之二的工作。 78. ______ that they found the long lost sword of the Ming Dynasty. (be) 就是在这个湖里，他们发现了失踪已久的明代宝剑。 79. ______ to only a few people here, his reputation abroad is very great. (know) 虽然这里只有几个人知道他，但他在国外的名气却很大。 80. Many bad habits can be especially difficult to cure because they are likely ______ at a very young age. (form) 许多坏习惯特别难以纠正，因为它们可能是人们在年幼时就形成了的。 第二节：短文写作（共 1 题；满分 30 分） 请根据以下提示，并结合具体事例，用英语写一篇短文。 Questioning is a bridge to learning. When you begin to doubt something and search for an answer, you will learn. 注意：①无须写标题； ②除诗歌外，文体不限； ③内容必须结合你生活中的具体事例； ④文中不得透露个人姓名和学校名称； ⑤词数不少于 120，如引用提示语则不计入总词数。 答案 第一部分：听力（每小题 1.5 分，满分 30 分） 1. B 2. A 3. B 4. C 5. C 6. B 7. B 8. A 9. A 10. C 11. C 12. A 13. A 14. C 15. A 16. B 17. A 18. C 19. C 20. A 第二部分：词汇知识运用 第一节：多项选择（每小题 1 分，满分 10 分） 21. A 22. C 23. D 24. B 25. C 26. D 27. B 28. C 29. A 30. A 第二节：完形填空（每小题 1 分，满分 20 分） 31. D 32. B 33. A 34. D 35. B 36. D 37. B 38. A 39. C 40. B 41. C 42. D 43. C 44. A 45. C 46. A 47. B 48. A 49. C 50. C 第三部分：阅读理解（每小题 2 分，满分 40 分） A 篇：51. C 52. B 53. D 54. B B 篇：55. C 56. B 57. A 58. D C 篇：59. D 60. B 61. A 62. C D 篇：63. A 64. C 65. D 66. B E 篇：67. D 68. C 69. D 70. A 第四部分：书面表达 第一节：完成句子（每小题 2 分，满分 20 分） 71. would not have picked 72. Looking at /When/While (she was) looking at 73. with whom Jack shared/who shared with Jack 74. came the teacher's sweet voice 75. Whatever she says 76. whether/if you can undertake 77. had (already) been finished 78. It was in this lake 79. Although/Though he is known 80. to have been formed 第二节：短文写作（满分 30 分） One Possible Version Questioning can lead to searching for an answer. If we are in the habit of raising doubts as to whether what we are told is true, we can find the correct answer and learn more. Two years ago, our teacher offered us an answer to a difficult math problem in class. Although the answer seemed a little strange, nobody but I doubted it. Thinking that his solution might be wrong, I carefully analyzed the problem and tried to work it out in a different way. Half an hour later, I managed to find the correct answer. When I showed my answer to him, the teacher praised me for my independent thinking. From this experience I have learnt that questioning can serve as a bridge that helps us to seek the truth.