高考英语作文 遣词造句与谋篇布局 10页

高考英语作文 遣词造句与谋篇布局 一． 英语作文常用的高级写作词汇 1. sad(depressed; upset)‎ 2. happy(cheerful; delighted; thrilled)‎ eg. I’m absolutely delighted to hear from you.‎ 3. bad(annoying; awful; unpleasant)‎ eg. Smoking in public is an annoying habit.‎ 4. important(vital;; essential; significant; be of great importance )‎ eg. Education is of much importance.‎ ‎ A balanced diet is absolutely essential forto everyone.‎ ‎ Parents play an important role in children’s learning.‎ ‎ Chinese parents attach much importance to children’s education.‎ 5. surprising(astonishing; amazing; extraordinary)‎ 6. necessary(a must; essential)‎ eg. A raincoat is a must in the rainy season.‎ 7. good(amazing; fantastic; impressive; splendid)‎ eg. The view from my bedroom window was absolutely fantastic.‎ ‎ This is a unique opportunity to learn about American culture.‎ 8. can(be capable of; have the ability to do sth)‎ eg. I am perfectly capable of looking after myself.‎ ‎ He has the ability to finish the task on time.‎ 9. use(take advantage of; make goodfull of)‎ eg. You are supposed to make good use of your time to improve yourself.‎ 10. do one’s best(spare no effort to do)‎ eg. We should spare no effort to make our city more and more beautiful.‎ 11. influence(have /make a +adj+effect/influence on)‎ eg. The mother’s behavior has a profound effect on the developing child.‎ 12. be good for(do sb good; be beneficial to) ‎ eg. A bit more exercise can do you good.‎ ‎ We will benefit a lot from the activity.‎ 13. remember(keep sth in mind)‎ Eg. You must always keep the rule in mind.‎ ‎ You must keep it in mind that you should study hard.‎ 1. in order to do(with the intention of; with the aim of;)‎ eg. He wrote the letter with the intention of asking for some advice.‎ ‎ We started a campaign with the aim of helping those homeless children.‎ 2. I firmly believe that(I was convinced that; I have the firm/strong belief that)‎ Eg. I firmly believe that you will be admitted into a key university.‎ 3. be bad for(be harmful to; do harm/damage to.)‎ 4. attract(appeal to; fascinate;)‎ Eg. The idea of working abroad really appeals to me.‎ ‎ The children were attracted by the toys in the shop.‎ ‎ What fascinated/attracted me most was the beautiful scenery.‎ 5. cause(lead to; result in; account for; contribute to)‎ Eg. His actions could lead to his failure.‎ ‎ Several reasons may account for the strange phenomenon.‎ ‎ His carelessness contributed to the accident.‎ 6. want to do(intend to; would like to do; feel like doing; have a strong desire to do)‎ Eg. I intend to study abroad next month.‎ ‎ The boy has a strong desire to win the match.‎ 7. decide(make up one’s mind to do; make a decision to do)‎ Eg. He made up his mind to study harder than before.‎ 8. pay attention to(attach much/great importance to; lay/put great stress on) 重视，关注……‎ Eg. Everyone should pay more attention to his own behavior in public places.‎ ‎ The whole society should attach importance to protecting the environment.‎ 9. pay no attention to(overlook; neglect; turn a blind eye to)‎ Eg. People always overlook/turn a blind eye to the problem.‎ 10. about(concerning; regarding; with regard to)‎ Eg. I wrote a letter to him about/concerning/regarding/with regard to the problem.‎ 11. because of(thanks to/owing to/as a result of/as a consequence of+n/doing)‎ Eg. Thanks to your help, we’ve reached our goal.‎ ‎ The fishes in the river have died as a result/consequence of water pollution.‎ 12. Many(many a+单数名词；a large number of+复数名词; a great/good many +复数名词)‎ Eg. Many a student is addicted to playing computer games.‎ ‎ A good many students are crazy about playing computer games.‎ 1. In this way(by doing so; by this means; with this method) ‎ Eg. By doing so, we can face challenges from all aspects.‎ ‎ Only in this way/by this means/with this method can we improve our ability.‎ 2. If(as long as/ provided/providing that/ on condition that/supposing that+句子)‎ Eg. I will help you with your English as long as/provided that I have enough time.‎ ‎ We shall go on condition that the weather is fine.‎ 3. not(by no means; in no way; under no circumstances; on no account)‎ Eg. By no means/on no account should we lose heart when we face failures.‎ 4. many kinds of(various; a variety of; a wide range of)‎ Eg. There are various/a wide range of after-class activities in our school.‎ 5. support(be for; be in favor/support of; subscribe to )‎ 6. oppose(be against; be opposed to; object to)‎ 7. very+(extremely; absolutely; considerably;more than; nothing but; anything but)‎ Eg. Self-confidence is extremely vital to our success.‎ ‎ Earthquakes are absolutely/considerably difficult to predict.‎ ‎ The film we saw last night was nothing but/anything but interesting.‎ 8. thing(matter; affair)‎ 9. more and more+adj(increasingly+adj)‎ Eg. Nowadays, studying abroad is becoming increasingly popular in China.‎ 10. should(be supposed to; be expected to)‎ Eg. We are supposed to study hard in order to be admitted to a key university.‎ 重要句式 1. ‎ 表示“重要性”‎ ‎1）It is important for sb to do 2）It is important/essential that sb should do sth.‎ Eg. It is important for you to learn some knowledge about first aid in your daily life. ‎ It is essential that we should learn a foreign language.‎ ‎3）Sth/Doing sth is essential to sth/doing sth. ‎ Eg. Memorizing words is essential to improving our reading ability. ‎ ‎4）Sth undoubtedly plays an important/essential role/part in Eg. Computers undoubtedly play an essential part in our daily life.‎ ‎5）Sth +be of great/much importance.‎ ‎6）Nothing is more important than +n/to do ‎ Eg . Nothing is more important than to receive education.‎ 1. ‎ 表示“益处”‎ 1） Sth is beneficial to sb/sth 2) Sth does good to sb/sth ‎3) Sth +contribute to sth eg. Honesty and hard work contribute to success and happiness.‎ 4) Sb benefit a lot/a great deal from sth eg. We benefited a lot from the activity.‎ 5) As we know, cellphones bring many benefits and convenience to us.‎ 3. ‎ 表示“危害”‎ ‎1) Sth is harmful to sb eg. It is generally accepted that smoking is harmful to our health. ‎ ‎2) Sth dose harm/damage to eg. Reading in bed will do harm to your eyes.‎ ‎4. 表示“原因”‎ ‎1）There are many reasons for this/why +句子 Eg. There are many reasons why teenagers are addicted to playing computers games.‎ ‎2）The reasons for this/why+句子 are as follows.‎ Eg. The reasons why teenagers are addicted to playing computers games are as follows.‎ ‎3) The reason for this/why+句子 is that +句子 Eg. The reason why we have to grow trees is that they can supply fresh air for us.‎ ‎4) The most important reason is that +句子 ‎5) 句子(结果)；that is because+句子（表示原因）‎ Eg.Tom was late for work this morning. That is because he overslept.‎ ‎6）Because/As/Since+句子，主句 ‎5. 表示“结果”‎ ‎1）句子（表示原因）；as a result/consequence,句子（结果）‎ Eg. He didn't work hard; as a result, he failed in his exam.‎ ‎2）句子（表示原因）；that is why + 句子（表示结果）‎ Eg. Tom overslept ; that is why he was late for work this morning ‎3）句子（表示结果）+ because of/ as a result of/ on account of +n/doing ‎6. 表示“目的”‎ ‎1）In order to do sth, sb should do sth/ sb did sth Eg. In order to do great things, we have to perfect the small things.‎ ‎2) Sb should do sth/ sb did sth in order that/ so that……‎ Eg. My son saved his money in order that he might buy a new car. ‎ ‎3) The aim of sth is to do sth Eg. The aim of the activity is to encourage students to read more books.‎ ‎4）Sb do sth/did sth with the aim/intention of doing sth Eg. We started it mainly with the aim of helping lonely people.‎ ‎5) Sth is intended to do sth ‎7. 表示“号召”“希望”‎ ‎1）I sincerely hope that +句子 eg. I sincerely hope that you will have a wonderful time tonight.‎ ‎2) It is advocated that +句子 Eg. It is advocated in China that a couple has two childen.‎ ‎3) I would like to appeal to sb to do sth Eg. I would like to appeal to everyone to save electricity and water.‎ ‎8. 表示“建议”‎ ‎1) You had better/ should/be supposed to/be expected to Eg. You are supposed to be responsible for them.‎ ‎2) I think it is a good idea to do sth Eg. I think it would be a good idea to ask your mother for advice.‎ ‎3) Why not do sth? / Why don’t you do sth?‎ ‎4) If I were you, I would do sth.‎ Eg. If I were you, I should tell him the truth.‎ ‎5) I hope my suggestions will be of some help to you.‎ ‎9. 表示“感谢”‎ ‎1）Thank you for doing sth.‎ Eg. Thank you for doing so much to make my trip to New York interesting ‎ ‎2) I would like to express my thanks/gratitude to you.‎ ‎3) I would appreciate it if you could do sth.‎ ‎10. 表示“歉意”‎ ‎1） I am sorry to do/ that + 句子 Eg. I am sorry to say I cannot come to the party.‎ ‎ I am sorry that you failed in the examination.‎ ‎2）I would like to apologize to you for doing sth Eg. I would like to apologize to you for the inconvenience that I have caused you ‎11. 表示“真实条件”‎ ‎1）If +条件句，主句（主将从现）‎ ‎2）主句+on condition that/ providing that/ supposing that/as long as+句子 ‎12. 表示“尽管”“虽然”‎ ‎1）Although/Though+句子，主句 Eg. Although he failed, he has done his best. ‎ ‎2）Despite/ In spite of+名词，句子 或 句子+despite/ in spite of+名词 Eg. Despite/ In spite of the bad weather, we enjoyed ourselves.‎ I went shopping in spite of the rain. ‎ ‎3) 形容词/名词+as+sb/sth is/was, 主句 Eg. Young as he is, he knows a lot.‎ ‎13. 表示“时间”‎ ‎1）This is/was the first/last time that sb have done/had done sth’‎ Eg. This is the first time that our whole class have gone out together for a picnic.‎ ‎2) It is high time that sb should do/did sth Eg. It is time that the government took/should take measures to protect the rare birds and animals.‎ ‎3) There was a time when+句子 Eg. There was a time when this song was very popular.‎ ‎4）It is/has been+时间段+since sb did sth Eg. It’s / has been three months since we met last time.‎ ‎5) It was not until+n/句子+that+sb did sth Eg. It was not until he got seriously ill that he knew the importance of health.‎ ‎6) It will（not）be +时间段+before+句子（现在时）‎ Eg. It will not be long before we meet again.‎ ‎14. 表示“比较”‎ ‎1）Compared to/with+ sb/sth, 句子 Eg. Compared to/with his classmates, he studies much harder.‎ 2） 句子+while/whereas+句子 Eg. Some students are in favor of it, whereas others are against it.‎ ‎3）In contrast to/with+ sb/sth, 句子 Eg. In contrast to his brother, he looks healthier.‎ ‎4) On one hand,句子. On the other hand, 句子（矛盾的两方面）‎ Eg. On the one hand, they’d love to have kids, but on the other hand, they don’t want to give up their freedom.‎ ‎15. 表示“列举”“举例”‎ ‎1）for example/for instance,句子(可换成插入语) 一般只以“一个”为例，可置于句首、句中和句末 Eg. Noise, for example,is a kind of pollution.‎ ‎ There are many kinds of pollution ,air pollution, for example.‎ 2） 句子（最后一个单词是名词复数）+such as/like+（两个或三个）名词、动名词 Eg. There are many kinds of pollution, such as air pollution, water pollution and light pollution.‎ ‎16. 表示“要求”“请求”‎ ‎1）Sb are requested/asked to do sth Eg. You are requested to come on time.‎ 2) I wonder if/whether you would like to do/can do Eg. I wonder if you would like to give a performance to us.‎ ‎17. 表示“遗憾”“懊悔”‎ ‎1）To one’s regret, 句子 eg. To my regret, I can’t attend your birthday.‎ ‎2）I regret to tell you that+句子 ‎ Eg. I regret to tell you that I can’t attend your birthday.‎ ‎3）It is a pity/shame that+句子 ‎ Eg.It is a pity/shame that I can’t attend your birthday.‎ ‎4）I feel ashamed of myself/that.‎ Eg. I feel ashamed of myself that I made such a foolish mistake.‎ ‎18. 表示“最……”‎ ‎1）Nothing is +比较级+than+n/doing sth.‎ Eg. Nothing is more interesting than reading books.‎ 2) What impressed/ attracted/disappointed me most is/was +n/that+句子 Eg. What impressed me most is the beautiful scenery .‎ 3) Sth is the+最高级+n+that sb have ever done ‎ Paris‎ is the most romantic/beautiful city that I have ever visited.‎ ‎19. 表示“兴趣爱好”‎ ‎1）I like/enjoy/am fond of /am interested in/am addicted to/am crazy about doing ‎2) I have/great interest in sth/doing ‎ ‎3) I have a preference for sth eg. I have a preference for playing football.‎ ‎20. 表示“花费时间、金钱”‎ ‎1）Sth cost sb some money.‎ ‎2) Sb spend/spent some time/money on sth/in doing sth ‎3) It takes/took sb some time to do ‎21. 表示“变化、发生、出现”‎ ‎1）A problem came up.‎ ‎2) Sth occur/happen/break out +（地点+时间）‎ ‎3）Great changes have taken place in my hometown/city/school in the past 10 years.‎ ‎22. 表示“影响”‎ ‎1） Sth/Sb +have a +adj+ effect/influence on sth Eg. Your words had a deep effect on me.‎/Your words made a big difference to me.‎ 2) It doesn’t matter/ makes no difference to me （+whether+句子）‎ Eg. It makes on difference to me whether you will come or not.‎ 3） Sth makes/made a big difference to sb/sth Eg. Changing schools made a big difference to my study and life.‎ ‎23. 表示“责任”‎ ‎1）It is one’s duty to do sth.‎ Eg. It is our duty to make our school clean and beautiful.‎ 2) The most important duty for sb is to do sth Eg. The most important duty for us is to make our school clean and beautiful.‎ 3) Sb feel it his duty to do sth‎ Eg. We feel it our duty to make our school clean and beautiful.‎ ‎4) Sb should be responsible for sth/ to do sth ‎24. 表示“代表、欢迎”‎ ‎1）You are welcome to China!‎ ‎2) On behalf of sb, I would like to express our warm welcome to you.‎ ‎25. There be句型 ‎1) There +be/will be/used to be+n+地点状语/时间状语 Eg. There will be an important speech in our school next week.‎ 2) There be+n(doing/done后置定语/定从)+地点状语/时间状语 Eg. There are a large number of students addicted to playing games in our school.‎ ‎ There are a large number of students who are addicted to playing games in our school.‎ ‎ A large number of students are addicted to playing games in our school.‎ ‎ There are a large quantity of foreigners visiting The Great Wall every year.‎ ‎ There are a large quantity of foreigners who visit The Great Wall every year.‎ ‎ A large quantity of foreigners visit The Great Wall every year.‎ 3) There is no need to do 没有必要做什么 Eg. There is no need for you to worry about this.‎ 4) There is a rise/an increase in…… 在……方面有增长 Eg. There is a rise/an increase in the number of the students who are addicted to playing games.‎ 5) There is no point doing…… 做……没有意义 2) There is no doubt/ There is no denying that…… 毫无疑问……‎ 句型篇(几种重要句式)‎ ‎1. 强调句：可以轻松地将时间、地点、原因、方式等类型的状语从句转变为强调句。‎ It was not until I arrived home that I realized I had left the bag on the shop counter.‎ It was then that I realized the importance of English.‎ It was because her mother was ill that she didn't go with us. ‎ It is the mobile phone that enables people to keep in touch anywhere and anytime.‎ It is your jealousy of her that ruined your friendship. 正是你对她的嫉妒破坏了你们的友谊。‎ It was his ability to cope with difficult problems at work that made him successful. ‎ 正是他处理工作中难题的能力他获得了成功。‎ ‎2. 倒装句 Only in this way can we solve the issue properly.‎ He can not only speak English, but also he can speak French./‎ Not only did he speak correctly，but he spoke easily.‎ Not only can he speak English, but also he can speak French.‎ By no means/on no account should we lose heart when we face failures.‎ ‎3. with引导的伴随结构：可以将状语从句或并列句中的其中一个分句变成with结构。‎ With the advance of the society/ technology/education With time going by/ With time permitting ‎ He always likes to sleep with the windows open.‎ With the teachers helping us, we could make great progress in our study.‎ With everything finished, we went home.‎ With a lot of homework to do, I can’t go to bed early.‎ With Wechat becoming more and more popular, many students spend much time on it.‎ 4. 非谓语动词：可以将状语从句或并列的动词简化为非谓语动词。‎ ‎1.因为在这国家又没有朋友，她觉得要想找到工作是不可能的。‎ Because she has no friend in the country, she found it impossible to find a job.‎ Having no friend in the country, she found it impossible to find a job ‎2.发现学生下午昏昏欲睡的样子，老师竭尽所能来激发(arouse)他们的兴趣。‎ The teacher found students sleepy in the afternoon and did everything he could to arouse their interest.‎ Finding students sleepy in the afternoon, the teacher did everything he could to arouse their interest.‎ ‎3.尽管我承认他所说的，但我仍然怀疑他没尽力。‎ Though I admit what he has said, I still doubt he didn’t do his best.‎ Admitting what he has said，I still doubt he didn’t do his best.‎ ‎4.这本用简易英语写成的书很容易读懂 The book, which was written in simple English, is easy to understand.‎ The book , written in simple English, is easy to understand .‎ ‎5. Because I missed the bus, I went to school late. ‎ Missing the bus, I went to school late.‎ ‎6. If he was given another chance, he will do better.‎ Given another chance, he will do better.‎ ‎7.The lady returned home, and she was followed by two policemen. ‎ The lady returned home, followed by two policemen. ‎ ‎5. 独立主格：将主从句去掉连词，前句动词变为分词即可。‎ The weather being fine, a large number of people went to climb the Western Hills. ‎ Time/Weather permitting, we will go on an outing to the beach tomorrow.‎