2012高考英语高频词汇单选专练3 17页

‎2012高考英语高频词汇单选专练（11）‎ ‎1. Professor Smith and Professor Brown will _____ in giving the class lectures.‎ A. exchange B. alter C. shift D. alternate ‎[答案]D. alternate.‎ ‎[注释]alternatevt./vi. 轮流，交替发生或出现：‎ ‎1)Wet days alternate with fine days.(晴雨天交替更迭。)‎ ‎2)The weather today will alternate between fine and cloudy.(今天的天气将是晴间多云。)‎ shift般动，移动（vt.）；转移到，迁移（vi.）；改变：‎ ‎1)Lend me a hand to shift the piano, will you?(请帮个忙搬一下这台钢琴。)‎ ‎2)They have shifted away from this area.(他们已从这一地区迁走了。)‎ ‎3)The candidate is constantly shifting his opinion about the problem.(这位竞选者在这个问题上不断改变他的观点。)‎ exchange交换；exchange... for ... 用.......换......；‎ alter(部分)修改。‎ ‎2. Pack the cake in a strong box, or it might get _____ in the post.‎ A. splashed B. spilt C. crushed D. crashed ‎[答案]C. crushed.‎ ‎[注释]crush压坏，压碎；弄皱；辗散；‎ ‎1)Don't crush this box; there are flowers inside.(不要把这个盒子压坏了，里面有鲜花。)‎ ‎2)Her dress was crushed.(她的衣服弄皱了。) 3)The machine crushes wheat grain to make floor.(这台机器把麦粒辗成面粉。)‎ splash溅，泼；split(中间)裂开；crash(向下)猛跌；（飞机）失事。‎ ‎3. The thief _____ the papers all over the room while he was searching.‎ A. abandoned B. vanished C. scattered D. deserted ‎[答案]C. scattered.‎ ‎[注释]scatter(=throw or put in various directions, or here and there)撒。abandon放弃，抛弃。desert遗弃（而离开）。vanish消亡，灭亡。本题句意是将小偷在搜寻钱时的情景，所以应选scattered(撒)。‎ ‎4. Today, housework has been made much easier by electrical _____.‎ A. facilities B. appliances C. instruments D. equipment ‎[答案]B. appliances.‎ ‎[注释]electric appliances电器用具，facilities公用设备。equipment设备,装备，是集合名词，指“设备”的总称，只有当数形式。instrument仪器。‎ ‎5. The _____ of the trees in the water was very clear.‎ A. mirror B. sight C. reflection D. shadow ‎[答案]C. reflection.‎ ‎[注释]reflection此处意为“映在水中的倒影”，而不是“影子”或“阴影”，故不能用shadow。其他选择均不合题意。‎ ‎6. One _____ needed when making a cake is flour; another is sugar.‎ A. container B. ingredient C. content D. equivalent ‎[答案]B. ingredient.‎ ‎[注释]ingredient(混合物的)成分。container容器，含量；内容（复数）。equivalent:相等物。‎ ‎7. They have been waiting for many hours to see the singer, but the airplane must have been _____.‎ A. behind the times B. behind schedule C. ahead of time D. in no time ‎[答案]B. behind schedule.‎ ‎[注释]behind schedule(=late, behind time)晚点：‎ The train is running behind schedule today.(=The train is not on time today.)‎ behind the times(=using things not in style; still following old ways; old fashioned)过时，跟不上时代，落后：‎ ‎1)The store is behind the times.(=The store is old-fashioned; it looks as stores looked 40 years ago.)‎ ‎2) Mary thinks her parents are behind the times because they still do the fox-trot and don't know any new dances.(=Mary's parents are old-fashioned in their dancings .)‎ ahead of time提前： They have fulfilled their production plans ahead of time in no time(=soon, quickly)立即，马上：I'll be back in no time to see you home.‎ ‎8. Neither of them thought highly of him and they both tried to _____ him in his work.‎ A. hamper B. support C. assist D. encourage ‎[答案]A. hamper.‎ ‎[注释]hamper(=hinder, prevent free movement or activity)阻碍：Lack of equipment is hampering our work.‎ 本题译文：他们两人都认为他不怎么样并极力阻碍他工作。‎ Think highly of... 对...评价很高，认为......很好。‎ ‎9. Her display of bad temper completely _____ the party.‎ A. harmed B. damaged C. spoilt D. hurt ‎[答案]C. spoilt.‎ ‎[注释]spoil指出意指“使...... 扫兴，搞糟”，如：Quarrelling spoilt the picnic.(争吵使这次野餐弄得很扫兴。)hurt伤害，damage 损坏，harm危害，均不合题意。‎ ‎10. We forgave his bad temper because we knew that his son's illness had put him under great _____.‎ A. emotion B. excitement C. crisis D. stress ‎[答案]D. stress.‎ ‎[注释]put sb. under(great) stress使某人处境（非常）紧张，使某人受（很大）压力。‎ ‎2012高考英语高频词汇单选专练（12）‎ ‎1. The reference she made to her friend, the poet, was interesting but too _____ for anyone to appreciate.‎ A. drastic B. dull C. obscure D. distinct ‎[答案]C. obscure.‎ ‎[注释]obscure(=not clearly seen or understood)模糊难懂得。drastic激烈的，严厉的；dull单调的；distinct清楚的，明显的；截然不同的（from）。‎ 本题译文：她提到她的朋友----诗人时所说的话是令人感兴趣，但没有说清楚，以致没有人为此感激。‎ ‎2. He _____ his engagement just before the wedding.‎ A. broke out B. broke away from C. broke off D. broke up ‎[答案]C. broke off.‎ ‎[注释]break off(=cease suddenly, discontinue)突然中断 break off one's engagement(解除婚约)‎ Break off(=interrupt) one's conversation(打断谈话)‎ Break out(=begin suddenly)爆发 Break away from摆脱，从......退出 ‎3. When she heard from the hospital that her father had died, she _____ into tears.‎ A. burst B. went C. exploded D. fell ‎[答案]A. burst ‎[注释]burst into tears放声大哭；又如：burst into thunderous cheers(发出雷呜般的欢呼)；burst into laughing(捧腹大笑)。‎ ‎4. Your help is _____ for the success of the project.‎ A. indispensable B. indicative C. inevitable D. inherent ‎[答案]A. indispensable.‎ ‎[注释]indispensable(to, for)不可缺少的，必需的。Indicative(of)指示的。Inevitable 不可避免的。Inherent固有的，内在的，天生的。‎ ‎5. _____ the English examination I would have gone to the concert last Sunday.‎ A. In spite of B. But for C. Because of D. As for ‎[答案]B. But for ‎[注释]but for(=without, except for)若非，要不是：But for your help we could not have finished it in time.(要不是你的帮助，我们本来不会及时完工。)‎ ‎6. It was difficult to guess what her _____ to the news would be.‎ A. impression B. comment C. reaction D. opinion ‎[答案]C. reaction.‎ ‎[注释]reaction(to)对......的反应：Our reaction to a joke is to laugh.‎ ‎7. Our attitude toward our teachers should be _____, but not slavish or superstitious.‎ A. respectable B. respected C. respective D. respectful ‎[答案]D. respectful.‎ ‎[注释]respectable(=deserving respect)值得尊敬的,品行端正的 respectful(=showing respect to)有礼貌的，表示尊敬的 Respective各个的。respected尊敬的 Respecting prep.(=relating to; concerned with)关于，说到。‎ ‎8. We could see that he was trying to _____ his own responsibility for the delay, instead of accepting his fault.‎ A. run over B. smooth over C. pass off D. turn down ‎[答案]B. smooth over.‎ ‎[注释]smooth over(=make smooth, put right, balliate)使平息，使恢复正常的，掩饰：‎ ‎1)I will try to smooth their quarrel over.(我将设法平息他们的争吵。)‎ ‎2)Don't try to smooth over your fault.（不要设法掩饰你的过错。）‎ ‎9. Glemp's heroic flight into space entitled him _____ a place in history.‎ A. for B. with C. to D. of ‎[答案]C. to.‎ ‎[注释]entitle sb. to sth.(=give a right to)给予权利：‎ ‎1)He is entitled to special treatment because of his rank(由于他的级别他有权享受特殊待遇。)‎ ‎2) Officers are entitled to travel first class.（军官们有权乘头等车旅行。）‎ ‎10. He's _____ drink and never does a stroke of work.‎ A. gone to B. taken to C. taken up D. gone for ‎[答案]B. taken to.‎ ‎[注释]take to养成（某种习惯）。A stroke of一件。‎ 本题译文：他以成了酒徒，从来没有干过一件工作。‎ ‎2012高考英语高频词汇单选专练（13）‎ ‎1. "Who is responsible for sending out misinformation?"‎ ‎"Most of the fault lies _____ the administration."‎ A. in B. to C. on D. with ‎[答案]D. with.‎ ‎[注释]lie with应由.......（承担责任）；（作出决定等）得靠......‎ ‎1)The responsibility lies with the driver.(责任应由这个司机承担。)‎ ‎2)It lies with you to accept or reject he the proposal.(接受还是拒绝这项建议由你决定。)‎ lie in在于：‎ ‎1)The difficulty lies in their great poverty.(困难在于他们非常贫困。)‎ ‎2)the solution lies in social and political reform.(解决方法在于社会政治改革。)‎ ‎2. People who live in a small village are bound to see a good _____ of each other.‎ A. sum B. quantity C. deal D. amount ‎[答案]C. deal.‎ ‎[注释]see a good deal of each other 经常见面。‎ ‎3. Maria _____ missed the first train so as to travel on the same one as John.‎ A. deliberately B. intensively C. decisively D. objectively ‎[答案]A. deliberately.‎ ‎[注释]deliberately(=on purpose, intentionally)故意地；存心地。‎ ‎4. They always kept on good _____ with their next-door neighbors for the children's sake.‎ A. friendship B. relations C. intentions D. terms ‎[答案]D. terms.‎ ‎[注释]keep (be) on good terms with与......和睦相处。‎ ‎5. Do you think a wife should _____ her habits and tastes to those of her husband?‎ A. comply B. confirm C. consent D. conform ‎[答案]D. conform.‎ ‎[注释]conformvi遵守，符号：‎ All the students must conform to the rules.(全体学生必须遵守规章。)‎ conform sth. to sth. else(vt)使符合：‎ He conformed the plans to the new specifications.(他使这些集合符合新规范。)‎ comply with遵守；confirm使坚定，确认，证实；consent (to)同意，赞同。‎ ‎6. He was afraid that the branch might bend over and break, and he would be sent _____ to the ground.‎ A. crashing B. throwing C. rushing D. dropping ‎[答案]A. crashing.‎ ‎[注释]crash(to the ground)猛跌（到地上）。Crash n.‎ 常指飞机等的“失事”，如：He was killed in an aircraft crash.(他在飞机失事中丧生。)本句中用falling不妥，fall指“落下，掉下”，本身并不强调落下的速度，而crash使“猛跌”，故本题用crashing最佳。‎ ‎7. High interest rates _____ people from borrowing money.‎ A. discourage B. decrease C. disturb D. disgust ‎[答案]A. discourage ‎[注释]discourage sb. from doing sth.使认为某事不值得做：Tht wet weather discouraged people from going to the sports meeting.(下雨天使人觉得不值得去看运动会。)‎ ‎8. Despite their good service, most inns are less costly than hotels of _____ standards.‎ A. equivalent B. uniform C. alike D. likely ‎[答案]A. equivalent.‎ ‎[注释]equivalent相等的，相当的：He exchanged his pounds for the equivalent amount of dollars. uniform 相同的,一样的。Likely adj.很可能的，有希望的。Alike(表语形容词)相同的，相象的。‎ ‎9. The two things are the same in outward form but different _____.‎ A. in addition B. in brief C. in common D. in essence ‎[答案]D. in essence.‎ ‎[注释]in essence本质上；in addition此外；in brief简短地，简言之；in common共同。‎ ‎10. _____ it is a good thing I did not get the post I had applied for, though I must admit that I was disappointed at the time.‎ A. By the way B. In a way C. In the way D. In no way ‎[答案]B. In a way.‎ ‎[注释]in a way(-to some extent)在某种程度上；in no way决不；by the way 顺便提一下；in the way 碍事。此题不能选by the way，因为by the way 做插入语其后应加逗号。‎ 本题译文：我没有得到我申请得工作在某种程度上说是件好事，尽管我承认当时我很失望。‎ ‎2012高考英语高频词汇单选专练（14）‎ ‎1. _____ inviting guests and not treating them properly!‎ A. Strangely B. Fantastically C. Surprisingly D. Fancy ‎[答案]D. Fancy.‎ ‎[注释]fancy doing没想到.......竟然：‎ ‎1)Fancy your him!(没想到你竟然认识他！)‎ ‎2)Fancy spending the day in here!(没想到竟在这里过了一天！)‎ 本题译文：没想到邀请了客人竟没有好好招待！‎ ‎2. With sufficient scientific information a manned trip to Mars should be _____.‎ A. obtainable B. potential C. considerable D. feasible ‎[答案]D. feasible.‎ ‎[注释]feasible(=that can be done)可行的，可做到的：‎ ‎1)Your plan sounds quite feasible.(你的计划听起来很可行。)‎ ‎2)It's not feasible to make the trip in one day.(一天内要进行这次旅行是做不到的。)‎ obtainable可得到的；considerable相当的，可观的；potential潜在的，可能的。‎ ‎3. The generation _____ makes it difficult for parents to understand their children's opinions.‎ A. division B. gap C. separation D. interval ‎[答案]B. gap.‎ ‎[注释]generation gap 代沟。‎ division分，划分；separation分开；interval间隔，间隙；（幕间或工间）休息。at intervals 不时，时时 ‎4. If the boy had _____ the dog alone it wouldn't have bitten him.‎ A. set B. left C. had D. put ‎[答案]B. left.‎ ‎[注释]leave sb./sth. alone不惹，不管，不碰：Leave the box alone.(别碰那个盒子。)‎ ‎5. They were so far away that I couldn't _____ their faces clearly.‎ A. see through B. make up C. see off D. make out ‎[答案]D. make out.‎ ‎[注释]make out(=identify and see with effort or difficulty)辨认出。‎ see through此处see through还可表示“看穿......(=understand the real meaning of or reason for; realize the falseness of)”：‎ ‎1)The teacher saw through the boy's story of having to help at home. (=The teacher knew his story was not true; it was just an excuse.)‎ ‎2) He can't fool her. She sees him through every time.‎ see off送行；‎ make up构成，组成，拼凑；弥补，赔偿；化装，编造：‎ ‎1)编造：John made up the joke about the talking dog.‎ ‎2)弥补：Bob must make up the work he missed.‎ ‎3)凑足： We need one more to make up the dozen.‎ ‎4)化装： The actors were making up when we arrived.‎ ‎5)构成：Nine players make up a team.‎ ‎6. Achieving a high degree of proficiency in English as a foreign language is not a mysterious _____ without scientific basis.‎ A. process B. practice C. procedure D. program ‎[答案]A. process.‎ ‎[注释]process(=connected series of actions, or series of operations) 过程：‎ By what process is cloth made form wool?(经过什么过程羊毛织成呢料？)‎ practice(=the doing of something of, performance or repeated exercise, etc.)实习，练习；开业:‎ She is doing her practice at the piano.(她在练习弹钢琴。)‎ procedure(=the regular order of doing things)程序：‎ the usual procedure at a meeting(开会的通常程序)。‎ Program(=plan of what is to be done or list of items or events)课程，计划，大纲：‎ What is the program for tomorrow ?(明天上什么课?)‎ ‎7. I must go now. _____, if you want that book I'll bring it next time.‎ A. Incidentally B. Accidentally C. Occasionally D. Subsequently ‎[答案]A. Incidentally.‎ ‎[注释]incidentally(=by the way)附带地，顺便：‎ Fred said, incidentally, that he had no dinner.(顺便提一下，福来德那时说，他还没吃晚饭。)‎ accidentally(=by chance)偶然地：‎ I met with an old friend of mine accidentally last week.(上星期我偶然碰到一位老朋友。)‎ occasionally(=from time to time, not regularly)不时地，偶尔：‎ We get visitors here occasionally.(我们偶尔在此接游客。)‎ subsequently(=afterwards, later) 随后：‎ At first we thought we would go; but subsequently we learned we were needed at home.(起初,我们想离开；但随后我们得知家里需要我们。)‎ ‎8. A completely new situation is likely to _____ when the school leaving age is raised to 16.‎ A. arouse B. rise C. arise D. abide ‎[答案]C. arise.‎ ‎[注释]arise(=come into being, appear, happen)产生，发生：Difficulties will arise as we do the work.(我们做这项工作时将会发生困难。)‎ arouse 唤起，激起，唤醒；rise 上升;abide (by)遵守。‎ 本题译文：当中学毕业年龄上升到16岁时，很可能产生完全新的情况。‎ ‎9. The illness from which Mary is suffering has now been _____ as hepatitis (肝炎).‎ A. diagnosed B. determined C. deduced D. discovered ‎[答案]A. diagnosed.‎ ‎[注释]diagnose...as 把......诊断为......。‎ 本题译文：玛丽的病现已诊断为肝炎。‎ ‎10. These continual _____ in temperature make it impossible to decide what to wear.‎ A. alterations B. vibrations C. waves D. fluctuations ‎[答案]D. fluctuations.‎ ‎[注释]fluctuations波动；waves波浪；alterations(部分)改变，变更；vibrations(物理学上)振动。‎ ‎2012高考英语高频词汇单选专练（15）‎ ‎1. All foreign visitors are requested to _____ with the regulations in this area.‎ A. agree B. comply C. consent D. conform ‎[答案]B. comply.‎ ‎[注释]comply with(=act in accordance with a demand, order, rule, etc.)遵守：‎ People who refuse to comply with the law will be punished.(拒绝遵守法律者将受到惩罚。)‎ conform(to)使一致，符合；‎ conform to rules符合规则；‎ conform to the customs of society(遵从社会习俗)；‎ consent to 同意，赞同；‎ consent to a plan(赞同计划)。‎ ‎2. Thomas Edison considered genius to be _____ one per cent inspiration and ninety-nine percent perspiration.‎ A. composed of B. constituted in C. consisted of D. comprised in ‎[答案]A. composed of.‎ ‎[注释]be composed of由......组成。Consist of由......组成，是不及物动词，不能用被动语态，故不合题意。‎ ‎3. Although Lucy was slimming, she found cream cakes quite _____.‎ A. irregular B. inevitable C. incredible D. irresistible ‎[答案] D. irresistible ‎[注释]irresistible不可抵抗的，诱人的，‎ ‎1)I had a irresistible desire to run away ‎2)I can't refuse this offer; it is irresistible.‎ Irregular不规律的, 不合规则的：‎ ‎1)the trains from here are irregular.(这里发的火车是不规律的。)‎ ‎2)These procedures are highly irregular.(这些程序是非常不合规矩的。‎ incredible 不可避免的，不可信的：‎ ‎1)Old superstitions are incredible to educated people.（旧的迷信对受过教育的人来说是不可信的。）‎ ‎2)His story of rescuing six drowning men is incredible.(他说他救了6个溺水者，这是难以置信的。)‎ inevitable不可避免的：‎ ‎1)Traffic delays are inevitable at a holiday weekend.（假日周末交通耽搁是难免的。）‎ ‎2)Pain is Inevitable when one breaks a bone.（骨折是疼痛是难避免的。）‎ 本题译文：虽然露西正在减轻体重，但她觉得奶油蛋糕是诱人的。‎ ‎4. In order to _____ the rising production costs, the subscription rates have been increased.‎ A. add up to B. look up to C. cut shortD. keep up with ‎[答案]D. keep up with.‎ ‎[注释] keep up with跟上 look up to(=admire, respect)赞美，尊敬：We look up to the old workers as our teacher.（我们把这位老工人尊为我们的老师。）本题中rates意为“价格，费用”。‎ 本题译文：为了跟上生产成本的上升，预定费已提高。‎ ‎5. Your essay is quite good: just _____ it _____ with a few illustrations and quotations.‎ A. put .. up B. touch .. up C. cut .. out D. write .. off ‎[答案]B. touch up.‎ ‎[注释] touch up(=improve or perfect by small additional strokes or alterations)润色，修饰：‎ ‎1)The last part of the article needs to be touched up.(这篇文章的最后一部分需要润色。)‎ ‎2)He touched up the picture by strengthening and shadows.(他把画修饰了一下，使光明部分和阴暗部分的对比度更鲜明。)‎ put up留宿；cut out 删掉；write off报销，勾消。‎ 本题译文：你的文章很好；只要用些例证和引语修饰一下。‎ ‎6. I hope my teacher will take my recent illness into _____ when judging my examination.‎ A. regard B. account C. thought D. observation ‎[答案]B. account.‎ ‎[注释] take sth. into account(=consider)考虑到：We must take local conditions into accoutn.‎ ‎7. There are three basic ways of _____ language to writing, and all known graphic systems use one or a combination of these.‎ A. committing B. attaching C. comparing D. relating ‎[答案]A. committing.‎ ‎[注释] commit...to托付，交付：‎ ‎1)He was committed to the care of his aunt.(他被托付给他的姨妈照管。)‎ ‎2)I have already committed the rules to memory.(我早已记住这些规则了。)‎ commit sth. to writing(把......写下来)。‎ ‎8. Roses are quite _____ flowers in English gardens.‎ A. ordinary B. common C. usual D. general ‎[答案]B. common.‎ ‎[注释]common(=usual and ordinary; happening of found often and in many places)普通的；常见的；常常发生的；到处可见的：‎ a common experience(普通的经历)；a common tree(常见的树木)。‎ ‎1)This bird is common throughout Europe.(这种鸟在欧洲很常见。‎ ‎2)They can treat most of the common diseases.(他们能治疗大多数常见病。)‎ usual(=done, found, used or existing most of the time) 经常的，通常的，惯例的，习以为常的；强调时间习惯方面，例如：‎ This is the usual state of the house.(这房子里平常就是这种样子。)‎ ordinary正常的，普通的，正常的；an ordinary day(平凡的一天)，ordinary people(普通人), a piece of ordinary dance music(一首普通的舞曲)。‎ General普通的。它与common比较，语气稍强，含有很少例外的意外。可见本题中用common是最佳的选择。‎ ‎9. American women were _____ the right to vote until 1920 after many years of hard struggle.‎ A. ignored B. refused C. neglected D. denied ‎[答案]D. denied.‎ ‎[注释] deny1)否认：‎ A. He didn't deny the facts.‎ B. They couldn't deny that it was a serious blow to them.‎ C. He denied having ever there.(他否认曾到过那里。)‎ ‎2)(=say 'no' to a request; refuse to give sth. asked for or needed)不给予；‎ ‎1)Lots of people were denied the right to vote.(许多人被剥夺了选举权。)‎ ‎2)He denies his wife nothing.(他对他的妻子有求必应。)‎ ‎10. On turning the corner, we saw the road _____ steeply.‎ A. departing B. decreasing C. descending D. depressing ‎[答案]C. descending.‎ ‎[注释] descend(=come or go down)走下来；传下来：‎ ‎1)He descended from the top of the mountain.‎ ‎2)Are men descended from apes?(人是不是猿的后代？)depress 压抑，使沮丧。‎ Depart出发，起程。‎