高考英语试题湖南卷完整解析版 18页

‎2011年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试（湖南卷）‎ 英语试题 Part Ⅱ Language Knowledge(45 marks）‎ Section A (15 marks)‎ Directions：for each of the following unfinished sentences there are four choices marked A,B,C and D. Choose the one that best completes the sentence.‎ Example:‎ The wild flowers looked like a soft orange blanket _______ the desert.‎ A. covering B. covered C. cover D. to cover ‎ The answer is A.‎ ‎21. The ability _______ an idea is as important as the idea itself.‎ A. expressing B. expressed C. to express D. to be expressed 答案C 考察非谓语动词作定语的用法，express修饰的是ability，为主动关系，所以答案锁定在A，C之间；ability作为一抽象名词，通常使用动词不定式做定语；当然我们还可以联系短语be able to，不难判断正确选项是C ‎22.--------Joan, What _______in your hand?‎ ‎-----------Look! It’s a birtyday gift for my grandma.‎ A. had you help B.are you holding C. do you hold D.will you hold 答案 B 考察时态用法，通过语境判断是现在的时间，并且表达动作正在发生，故选B ‎23. The players _______ from the whole country are expected to bring us honor in this summer game.‎ A. selecting B. to select C. selected D. having selected ‎【答案】C ‎【解析】考察非谓语动词做定语的用法。Select修饰players, 为被动关系，只有C选项表被动。‎ ‎24. I knew that _______ would over discourage him; he would never give up wanting to be a director.‎ A. something B. anything C. everything D. nothing ‎27. In 1492, Columbus _______ on one of the Bahama Islands, but the mistook is for an island off India.‎ A. lands B. landed C. has landed D. had landed ‎【答案】B ‎【解析】考察时态。动作前已经给出具体的过去时间in 1492，所以排除A和C。另外根据题目没有明确说明"登陆"是发生在"误解"之前的动作，排除D；选B。‎ ‎28. -----No one _______ be compared with Yao Ming in playing basketball.‎ ‎-----Oh, you are really his big fan.‎ A. can B. need C. must D. might ‎【答案】B ‎【解析】考察情态动词。need表示“需要”。根据句意，选A。‎ ‎29. Do you wake up every morning _______ energetic and ready to start a new day?‎ A. feel B. to feel C. feeling D. felt ‎32. Only after they had discussed the matter for several hours _______ a decision.‎ A. they reached B. did they reach C. they reach D. do they reach ‎【答案】B ‎【解析】考察only前置的倒装句。Only引导状语从句前置，主句主谓要部分倒装。又因为从前文中的"had discussed"判断出是过去时间，故选B。‎ ‎33. Jack wasn’t saying anything, but the teacher smiled at him _______ he had done something very clever.‎ A. as if B. in case C. while D. though ‎【答案】A ‎【解析】考察状语从句的用法。根据句意，空格处需要填入"好像，仿佛"。故选A。‎ ‎34. In the near future, more advances in the robot technology _______ by science.‎ ‎ A. are making B. are made C. will make D. will be made ‎【答案】D ‎【解析】考察时态语态。从给出的时间状语"in the near future"可以看出，说的是将来的事情。又因"进步"是被取得的，故选D。‎ ‎35. It’s not what we do once in a while _______ shapes our lives, but what we do consistently.‎ A. which B. that C. how D. when ‎【答案】B ‎【解析】考察强调句型。故选B。‎ Section B (18 marks)‎ Directions：For each blank in the following passages there are four words or phrases marked A,B,C and D. Fill in each blank with the words or phrases that best fits the context.‎ People in communities have slowly been pushed apart through the years, mostly because ‎ people simply aren’t taking the time to say a simple “ hello. ” After considering this phenomenon, I decided I was going to 36 the way I was doing things.‎ My 37 came one morning when I was in the community library. I passed by a girl who 38 her books out of her locker. Thinking like most that someone else would help her pick them up, I continued my way. However, when I had to 39 because I stupidly forgot my book, I noticed she had just finished packing them up by herself. No one had stopped to 40 her.‎ ‎ “OK,” I thought to myself, “this is where I should have changed.”‎ My best opportunity came a few days later when I saw a man 41 by himself waiting for the library to open, so I sat down next to him and began a 42 . It was difficult to get started, and even when I had to say goodbye, almost every 43 from my new friend had a tone (语气) of doubt in it. And who could blame him?‎ People aren’t used to making an 44 chat with a stranger. But a change, no matter how 45 it is needed, doesn’t just happen. It takes people like us to make it possible. I 46 you to take a small step out of your comfort zone and try to make someone’s day a little brighter. Together, we can really make society come 47 as a whole.‎ ‎36. A. change B. explain C. learn D. show ‎37. A. trouble B. doubt C. wish D. opportunity ‎38. A. took B. dropped C. got D.pulled ‎ ‎39. A. come out B. stand by C. go back D. turn up ‎ ‎40. A. please B. greet C. help D. praise ‎ ‎41. A. sitting B. walking C. riding D. running ‎ ‎42. A. discussing B. lesson C. report D. conversation ‎ ‎43. A. joke B. response C. cry D. story ‎ ‎44. A. unchangeable B. unprepared C. unforgettable D. unfinished ‎ ‎45. A. desperately B. frequently C. simply D. widely ‎ ‎46. A. allow B. warm C. order D. advise ‎ ‎47. A. later B. straighter C. closer D. slower ‎40.答案C。考察动词。前文someone else和后文的no one对应，所以动作也应该对应，所以选help。‎ ‎41.答案A。考察动词。后文so是解题点，说明作者的动作与男人的动作一致，故选sitting。‎ ‎42.答案D。考察名词。第44题后面一个词chat即为本题答案，因此选chat的同义词conversion。‎ ‎43.答案B。考察名词。文章说我的新朋友的每个…中都显示出怀疑的语气。首先joke，cry，和story文中均未提及，直接排除，选response。‎ Section C (12marks)‎ Directions: Complete the following passage by filling in each black with one word that best fits the context.‎ Dose going to college really 48 English class in college on the short story. Our first assignment was to read 49 short stories and then discuss which one was better. After reading both, I wasn’t sure. Over the 50 several months, my professor taught me 51 one story was so much better than the other. 52 was rich in mclaphor（隐喻）and character development, while the other was humorous 53 too shallow. I couldn’t see this at first. Yet, in a few months, my brain got reeducated and 54could see the difference between good and bad writing and could appreciate literature at a whole new level.‎ Going to college helps build a strong mind, which leads 55 greater success in one’s life.‎ ‎【文章大意】本文一篇记叙文。作者通过记录自己在大学的一个片段，得出大学 对于学生的重要作用。‎ ‎48. 答案。an，名词前缺少冠词修饰，留意English前的冠词应填an。‎ ‎49. 答案。two，后文的better，both以及the other均有所提示。‎ ‎50. 答案。next，按照记叙文时间发展先后顺序，填next，此题略有难度。‎ ‎51. 答案。why，教授告诉我的是如何判断一个比另一个更好，所以应填why。‎ ‎52. 答案。one，后文while the other给与提示。‎ ‎53. 答案。but，while前后对比得出答案。‎ ‎54. 答案。I，此句缺少主语，容易得出答案I。‎ ‎55. 答案。to，固定搭配lead to。‎ Part Ⅲ Reading Comprehension (30marks)‎ Directions: Read the following passages. Each passage is followed by several questions or unfinished statements .For each of them there are four choices marked A, B,C, and D .Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage.‎ A When first entered, Vanak Restaurant does not look like much of a restaurant, but once the pleasant smells of kabob （烤肉串）hit the senses, you are incapable of calling it anything less.‎ Owned by a local couple, this Persian restaurant has an inviting, homelike atmosphere that many restaurants lack.‎ The space is small with only a few dining tables and nearly no decoration, but the environment is truly chaiming.‎ Lying in a hardly noticeable street corner, the restaurant still attracts all customer especially those experienced in the delights of Middle Easrern cooking.‎ A common sight is that of old Persian men sitting in the corner talking loudly about world topics, wathcing news events on TV, drinking a black tea known as Persian chai, an reading local Persian nespapers all the while trying to finish off their plates piled wit food.‎ The variety of food at the restaurant is limited, but the amount of each dish is fairly large. Most of the meals can serve two people and are under $10, so not only is it affordably but practical as well.‎ The food, especially appeals to health-conscious eaters because each dish is very healthy, made with limited fat and oil and served straight off the grill（烤肉架）.‎ The main dish that the restaurant is popular for is its kabobs, which are different style of grilled meat.‎ One delicious and extemely healthy dish is the Jooieh Kabob, which is made of grille chichen picccs served with either rice or bread. Another great kabob is the Chelo Kabob, kabob consinting of grilled beef.‎ Although the restaurant is samall, the atmosphere and the food is delicious. It is a plan that should not be overlooked.‎ ‎56.When first entering the restaurant ,one can find that it A. is splendidly decorated. B. has pleasant smells of kabobs. C. is crowded with dining table. D. looks like a common restaurant. 57.What activity is also mentioned apart from dining in the restaurant? A. Watching news events on TV. B. Drinking a kind of black coffee. C. Reading local English newspaper. D. Discussing world topics in low voices. 58.The food of the restaurant A. is served in small amounts. B. is rather expensive. C. is rich in varity. D. is very heslthy ‎ ‎59.What is the dish Joojeh Kabob mainly made of ？‎ A. Rice B. Chicken C. Bread D. Beef ‎60.It can be inferred from the passage that restaurant 。‎ A. occupies ‎ B. owns a favorable location C. is popular for its special food ‎ D. has a quiet environment inside ‎ ‎【文章大意】说明文：餐厅的介绍。‎ ‎56. 【答案】B ‎【解析】细节理解题。由第一段的but once the pleasant smells of kabob （烤肉串）hit the senses, you are incapable of calling it anything less.得出答案。‎ B My father was chief engineer of a merchant ship ，which was sunk in world war ？？？the book night of the U-boats told the story。‎ Memories In September ，1940，my mother ,sister and I went to Swansea ,where my father ‘s ship was getting ready to sail ,we brought him a family photography to be kept with him at all times and keep him safe .‎ Then I remember my mother lying face down ,sobbing .she had heard from a friend that the ship had been sunk by a torpedo (鱼雷).‎ I can remember the arrived of the telegram（电板），which in those days always brought bad news .my grandmother opened it ,it read ,safe .love ted.”‎ My most vivid memory is being woken and brought down to sit on my father’s knee, his arm in a bandage .‎ He was judged unfit to return to sea and took a shore job in Glasgow for the rest of the war, for as long as I can remember ,he had a weak heart ,mother said it was caused by the torpedoes .he said it was because of the cigarette ,whichever ,he died suddenly in his early 50s.‎ Ten years later I read night of the U-boat and able to complete the story . ‎ A toast ‎ In my room is the book and the photograph .often , glass in hand, I have wondered how I would have dealt with an explosion ,a sinking ship ,a jump into a vast ocean and a wait for rescue ?lest (以免 )we forget ,I have some more whisky and toast the heroes of the war.‎ ‎ 61.we can infer that the mother and children went to Swansea ______.‎ A. to meet a friend ‎ B. to see the father ‎ C. to take a family ‎ D. to enjoy the sailing of the ship ‎ ‎62.what did the author learn about the father from the telegram ?‎ A. he was still alive ‎ B. his knee was broken ‎ C. his ship had been sunk ‎ D. he had arrived in Glasgow ‎ ‎63.the underlined word “it ” in paragraph 6 refers to the father ‘s _____ .‎ A. weak heart ‎ B. taking a shore job ‎ C. failure to return ‎ D. injury caused by a torpedo ‎ ‎64.what can we know about the author ‘s father after his ship was attacked ?‎ A. he lost his arm B. he repaired the engines ‎ C. he managed to take a lifeboat ‎ D. he was the last to leave the ship ‎ ‎65what is the passage mainly about ?‎ A. a group of forgotten heroes ‎ B. a book describing a terrifying battle ‎ C. a ship engineer’s wartime experience ‎ D. a merchant’s memories of a sea rescue ‎ C A recent study of ancient and modern elephant has come up with the unexpected conclusion that the African elephant is divided into two distinct (不同的 )species ‎ The discovery was made by researchers at York and Harvard University when they were examing the genetic relationship between the ancient woolly mammoth and mastodon modern elephants—the Asian elepphant, African forest elephant, and African savanna elephant.‎ Once they obastain DNA sequences（序列）from two fossils（化石）,mammoths and mastodons, the team comparted them with DNA from modern elephants. They found their amazement that mordern forest and savanna elephants are as distinct from each other as Asian elephants and mammoths.‎ The scientists used detailed genetic analysis to prove that the African savanna elephant and the African forest elephant have been distinct species for several million years. The divergence of the two species took place around the time of the divergence of Asian elephants and woolly mammoths. This result amazed all the scientists.‎ There has long been debate in the scientific community that the two might be separate species, but this is the most convincing scientific evidence so far that they are indeed different species.‎ Previously, many naturalists believed that African savanna elephants and African forest elephants were two populationgs of the same species, despite the elephants’ significant size differences. The savanna elephant has an average shoulder height of 3.5 metres while the forest elephant has an averate shoulder double the weight of the forest elephant. But the fact that they look so differrent does not neccssarily mean they are different species. However the prooflay in the analysisi of the DNA.‎ Alfried Roca, assitant professor in the Department of Animal Sciences at t he University‎ of ‎Illinois, said, “We now have to treat the forest and savanna elephants as two difficult units for conservation purpose. Since 1950, all Afican elephants have been conserved as one species. Now that we know the forest and savanna elephants have been distinct animals, the forest elephant should become a bigger priority（优先）for conservation purposes.”‎ ‎66.One of the fossiles studied by the researchers is that of .‎ A. the Asian elephant B. the forest elephant C. the savanna elephant D. the maslodon elephant ‎67. The underlined word “divergence” in Paragraph 4 means “ .”‎ A. evolution ‎ B. exhibition C. separation D. examination ‎68. The researchers’ conclusion was based on a study of the African elephant’s .‎ A. DNA B. height C. weight D. population ‎69. What are Alfred Roca’s words mainly about?‎ A. The conservation of Afican elephant B. The purpose of studying Afican elephant C. The way to divide Afican elephants into two units D. The renson for the distinction of African elephants ‎70.Which of the following can be the best tille for the passage?‎ A. Naturalist’ Beliefs about Elephants B. Amazing Experiments about Elephants C. An Unexpected Finding ahout Elephants D. A Long Scientifif Debate about Elephants Part Ⅳ Writing （45 marks）‎ Section A（10 mark）‎ Directions: Read the following passage. Fill in the numbered blanks by using the information from the passage.‎ Write NO MORE THAN THREE WORDS for each answer.‎ A person searches various websites for different reasons, such as school, work, or entertaiment. For teenagers, many information resousces on the Internet can be used. As a matter of fact, there are educational, music and art websites that are truly helpful to teeagers, because they can help make one’s life easier.‎ Education websites are helpful to a teenager in doing school work and searching for a colleag. Some can help studying for testes ,explaining a lesson , and doing homeward .Some can help find the right school based on one’s interests. And still others have pages devoted to the social life at each colleges or the species activities that at a certain school. Some free music sites enable a teenager to diversify their musical_ tastes. On these sites, all types of music are available such as pop, jazz and country．One can type in a song，category or artist and his or her entire catalog appears. Then．The listener can make multiple play lists without creating an account(账户) with the site. There various art web, sites that can help students to appreciate and create art pieces. On these sites , a student can view numerous photos and art pieces from different．Mediums or create an account with the website to upload their art pieces for people to see. In addition, one can enjoy various art people have created on display for the rest of the world . Truly informative resources offered on the Internet. The best suggestion one can receive is to try to look for new websites that can help in the educational ，music, or art area so one can become well-rounded and informed.‎ Truly Helpful Websites for Teenagers Many 71 are available on various websites.‎ I. Educational sites: helping one 72 and search for a college ‎ ‎·Study for tests, explain a lesson , and do homework ‎·Find the right school that one 73 ‎ ‎·learn information about college social life and 74 ‎ II Free music sites; 75 to diversify musical tastes ‎ ‎·Listen to all types of music ‎·Type in a song, category, or artist to get an entire catalog ‎·make multiple playlists 76 ‎ III. 77 ；helping one appreciate and create works ‎·View photos and works from mediums ‎· 78 for others to see ‎· 79 on display Helpful websites can make teenagers 80 ‎ ‎77. 【答案】Art sites ‎【解析】第四段第一句There are various art website that… 。‎ ‎78. 【答案】Upload art pieces ‎【解析】第四段第二句后半部分…to upload their art pieces for people to see 。‎ ‎79. 【答案】Enjoy art projects ‎【解析】第四段最后一句…one can enjoy various art projects that… 。‎ ‎80. 【答案】well-rounded and informed ‎【解析】全文最后一句：…so one can become well-rounded and informed 。‎ Section B(10 marks)‎ Directions: Read the following passage. Answer the questions according to the information given in the passage.‎ My First Long Run Two weeks ago, I had a quarrel with my husband .After he had driven off in anger, I realized that I wasn’t going to feel any better just sitting there. Feeling abandoned and guilty, I put on my gym shoes to get some fresh air.‎ Our driveway has a slope(科技) that is easier just to jog down if you are lazy, taking advantage of gravity. Instead of stopping at the end of the lope, I decided to see if I could just jog to the end of the street. I had tried a few moths ago and failed miserably. Since that first attempt I had been jogging regularly and was significantly fitter, but still very lazy. However this time around I managed to reach the stop sign with ease and I figured I would go a little further.‎ After about one kilometer, however, I noticed that my upper body was tense . To make the movement easier I had to relax my body, and tried to take deep breaths of fresh air.‎ I kept giving myself the excuse to stop. No one would be disappointed. No one would even know. But I didn’t stop . I wanted to keep going harder, better, faster, stronger, To my great surprise, I ran ‎4.9 km in 31 minutes. When I got back, I had tears in my eyes. I did some thing I thought I could never do.‎ It was the first run of my life. Since then, I have improved my stride(步幅) and time. After every run I feel fitter, happier and motivated to keep progressing. I love the runner’s high. I normally jog because I want to look good. I want to run because it makes me feel good.‎ ‎81. Why did the author feel guilty?‎ ‎(NO more than 9 words) (2 marks)‎ ‎ ‎ ‎82. What did the author fail to do miserably a few months ago?‎ ‎ (NO more than 11 words) (2 marks)‎ ‎ ‎ ‎83. What excuses did the author keep giving herself to stop ?‎ ‎ (NO more than 9 words) (3 marks)‎ ‎ ‎ ‎84. how is running different from jogging to the author?‎ ‎(NO more than 14words) (3 marks)S ‎ ‎ Section C (25 marks)‎ Directions: write on English composition according to the instructions given below in Chinese.‎ 假设你参加所在年级的英文写作比赛，请按照要求完成一篇短文：‎ ‎1.简要描述下图内容，并点明主题；‎ ‎2.联系实际，表达该图带给你的启示。‎ 注意：1.词数不少于120个；‎ ‎2. 不能使用真实姓名和学校名称。‎