高考一轮复习高考英语语法综合训练22 7页

‎2019年高考一轮复习语法综合训练（二十二）‎ 一 语法填空 A 篇 ‎ ‎【2019届山东省聊城市高三二模】‎ Seborga(塞波加) is a small village that declared itself independent in the 1960s, claiming it was never 42．(proper) incorporated(合并) into Italy. 43． (it) founders argued that the deal was not really registered. They claimed that it could therefore not 44． (consider) part of the nation.‎ The principality’s(公国) founder was a flower grower 45． (call) Giorgio Carbone, who ruled until his death in 2009. Its independence is not recognised outside 46． village but Mr. Dezzani, a campaigner(竞选者) for the throne, says it is important that they themselves believe 47． it, describing it as “a state of mind”.‎ This unusual story, 48． was the subject of a televised documentary, has attracted tourism to the region. Its current ruler, Marcello I, appears publicly 49． (wear) a suit but Mr. Dezzani wants to introduce ceremonial uniform.‎ Mr. Dezzani added: “Without being too pretentious or50． (show) about it, I think we can promote the 51． (value) of peace, tolerance and openness.”‎ ‎【解析】本文是一篇说明文。本文主要介绍了小村庄塞波加在二十世纪六十年代宣布自己独立，尽管它的独立不被这个村子之外所承认。‎ ‎42．考查副词。修饰动词incorporated，用副词，所以填properly。‎ ‎43．考查代词。这里表示“它的创建人”，所以填Its。‎ ‎44．考查语态。“它”和“认为”之间是被动关系，用被动语态，情态动词could之后用动词原形，所以填be considered。‎ ‎45．考查非谓语动词。call与其逻辑主语a flower grower之间是被动关系，所以用过去分词作定语，填called。‎ ‎46．考查冠词。这里表示“它的独立不被这个村子之外所承认。”特指“这个村子”，用定冠词the。‎ ‎47．考查固定短语。这里表示“但是Dezzani，王权的竞选者，认为他们自己相信很重要。”believe in相信，是固定短语，所以填in。‎ ‎48．考查非限制性定语从句。___7___ was the subject of a televised documentary作定语，修饰This unusual story，且有逗号隔开，所以___7___ was the subject of a televised documentary是一个非限制性定语从句，关系词在从句中作主语，指物，所以填which。‎ ‎49．考查非谓语动词。wear与其逻辑主语Marcello I之间是主动关系，所以用现在分词，填wearing。‎ ‎50．考查形容词。be动词之后，用形容词作表语，所以填showy。‎ ‎51．考查名词。这里表示“我认为我们可以提升和平、容忍和开放的价值。”这里是复数意义，所以用名词复数，填values。‎ B篇 ‎【2019届山东省祁县中学高三12月月考】‎ Xi Jinping, on behalf41．the 18th Central Committee of the Communist Party of China(CPC),42．(deliver) a work report to the 19th CPC National Congress,43．opened on Wednesday morning at the Great Hall of the People in Beijing.‎ The closed-door summit, which takes place once44．five years, determines who rules China and the country’s direction for the next term. Mr. Xi, who became the leader in 2019, has been consolidating(巩固) power and is45．(wide) expected to remain as chief of the ruling Communist Party. He continues to enjoy widespread support among ordinary46．(citizen) in China. The 19th National Congress of the Communist Party of China(CPC) will map out overall reform measures47．(concern) the country’s political system and other areas. 2.280 delegates(代表)48．(chose) from a group of nearly 89 million Party members across the nation will attend the 19th CPC National Congress.‎ ‎“Today, we are closer, more confident, and more capable than ever before of making the goal of national rejuvenation(民族复兴)49．reality,” Xi said, adding that the Party is working even harder50．(achieve) the goal.‎ ‎【解析】本文是习近平同志代表十八届中央委员会在中国共产党第十九次全国代表大会上做的报告，他继续享受在中国普通民众中的广泛支持。在这次代表大会上他告诉我们：今天，我们比历史上任何时期都更接近、更有信心、更有能力把中华民族伟大复兴这个目标变成一个现实。党正在更加努力地实现这个目标。‎ ‎41．固定词组：on behalf of代表，为了，故答案为of。‎ ‎42．句意：习近平同志代表十八届中央委员会在中国共产党第十九次全国代表大会上做报告，这次代表大会于星期三上午在北京人民大会堂开幕。根据句意可知句子用一般过去时态，故答案为delivered。 ‎ ‎43．此处the 19th CPC National Congress做先行词，指物，在后面的非限制性定语从句中做主语，故答案为which。‎ ‎44．句意：每五年举行一次。every five years每五年，故答案为every。‎ ‎45．此处是副词修饰动词，故答案为widely。‎ ‎46．句意：他继续享受在中国普通民众中的广泛支持。用名词复数形式，故答案为citizens。‎ ‎47．句意：中国共产党第十九次全国代表大会将制定全国政治体制改革的总体措施。此处是现在分词做后置定语，故答案为concerning。‎ ‎48．此处是过去分词做后置定语，故答案为chosen。‎ ‎49．句意：今天，我们比历史上任何时期都更接近、更有信心、更有能力把中华民族伟大复兴这个目标变成一个现实。根据句意可知答案为a。‎ ‎50．句意：党正在更加努力地实现这个目标。此处是动词不定式做目的状语，故答案为to achieve。‎ ‎【名师点睛】‎ every +基数词+名词复数，every four years每四年；every +序数词+名词单数，every fourth year每第四年；every other +名词单数，每隔一---；every few + 名词复数，每隔几---。‎ C篇 ‎【2019届山东省寿光市第一中学高三12月月考】‎ China has always been famous for being a “State of Etiquettes（礼仪）.” According to historical documents, as early as 2,600 years ago, this nation has already established a thorough set 41． dining etiquettes.‎ A famous 19th century Russian writer, Anton Chekhov, once invited a Chinese man 42．(have) a drink in a bar. Chekhov said, “Before drinking from his cup, he held 43． with his hands and presented to me and the bar owner and bar tenders, 44． (say) ‘qing (please).’ This is the custom of China. They are not like us to finish it in one drink, 45． prefer to drink by taking a small amount at a time. With every sip （一小口）, he 46． (eat) some food. Afterwards he handed me some Chinese 47． (coin) to show gratitude. This is a rather interestingly polite nationality…” This was the most valuable opinion of a Chinese person ‎48． was given by a foreigner two centuries ago. Chinese traditional dinner procedures used to be long and dealt 49． (serious) with; the 50． (important) the occasion, the more complex the procedures were.‎ ‎【解析】本文属于社会类文章。中国自古就是“礼仪之邦”，文章通过讲述19世纪俄国作家契科夫对酒吧里中国人饮酒礼仪的描述，说明了中国人们对礼仪的重视。‎ ‎41．of考查固定搭配。。句意：中国一直是一个“礼仪这邦”。据记载，早在2600年前，这个国家已经建立了一套完备的用餐礼仪。A set of ，为固定搭配“一套”故用of .‎ ‎42．to have考查动词不定式。句意：一位著名的十九世纪俄国作家Anton Chekhov曾经邀请一位中国男人到酒吧喝酒。搭配invite sb. to do sth.“邀请某人做某事”，可知要用to have。‎ ‎43．it考查代词。指代上文中的cup，为同一物。‎ ‎44．saying考查非谓语动词。Say在此表伴随，且与主语he之间是主动关系，故填动词-ing形式。在他喝酒之前，…说，“请”,故用saying.‎ ‎45．but考查连词。not … but… 不是……而是……。句意：他们不像我们一样，一次喝完一杯，而是每次喝一点。故用but.‎ ‎46．ate 考查时态。本文是叙述过去发生的事情用一般过去时。句意：他每喝一小口酒，就吃些东西。故要用ate。‎ ‎47．coins 考查名词的数。coin为可数名词，被some修饰，用复数。‎ ‎48．that考查定语从句关系代词。本句的先行词为opinion，且被形容词最高级修饰，故用that来引导。‎ ‎49．seriously考查副词。修饰动词用副词。句意：中国传统的晚餐程序很长还要认真对待。Serious用于修饰动词deal with，形容词不修饰动词，故要用副词seriously。‎ ‎50．more important考查形容词比较级分析句意可知，场合越重要，程序越复杂。本句为句型The more… the more….“越…,,,越……”，因此要用比较级more importnat 二 短文改错 A篇 ‎【2019届山东省聊城市高三二模】‎ Thank you so much for inviting me to take part in the winter camp organizing by your school in the coming winter ‎ holiday. Quite interested, I am writing to learn about farther details.‎ Above all, I wonder that it is convenient for you to inform me for the specific schedule in advance. Beside, this will be my first experience to participate in such a activity. Would you be kind enough to offer with any suggestions on whose items I specially need to take with me?‎ I am really excited and looking forward to it. I would appreciate if you could give me a reply at your earliest convenient.‎ ‎【答案】第一句 organizing 改成 organized第二句 farther改成 further 第三句 that 改成 whether/if；for改成of第四句 Beside 改成 Besides第五句 a 改成 an 第六句 删掉 with；whose改成what第九句 if 前面加上 it ；convenient改成convenience ‎【解析】本文是一篇记叙文。本文主要讲了作者很高兴被邀请去参加冬令营，同时想要更多地了解冬令营的信息。‎ 第一处：考查非谓语动词。organize与其逻辑主语the winter camp之间是被动关系，故用过去分词作定语，所以第一句 organizing 改成 organized。‎ 第二处：考查further和father的区别。further可用于抽象的引申义，如时间，程度和数量等，表示“进一步，更进一层”，此时，不能与farther换用，所以farther改成 further。‎ 第三处：考查宾语从句。句意：我想知道你是否方便提前告知我具体的日程安排。根据语境，引导词表示“是否”的含义，所以that 改成 whether/if。‎ 第四处：考查固定句型。it is convenient of sb.对某人很方便，是固定句型，所以for改成of。‎ 第五处：考查副词。句意：此外，这是我第一次参加这样的活动。beside意思是“在……旁边”，这里表示“此外”，所以第四句 Beside 改成 Besides。‎ 第六处：考查冠词。泛指“一次这样的活动”，且activity首字母发音是元音音素，所以用不定冠词an，第五句 a 改成 an。‎ 第七处：考查动词。offer当“提供”讲时，是及物动词，后面直接接宾语，所以第六句 删掉 with。‎ 第八处：考查宾语从句。根据后面的I specially need to take with me及上文可知，是“我”要携带什么东西，不是“我”要携带谁的东西，故把whose改成what。‎ 第九处：考查固定句型。I would appreciate it if“如果能……的话，我将不胜感激”，是固定句型，所以第九句 if 前面加上it。‎ 第十处：考查固定短语。at one’s convenience“在某人方便的时候”，是固定短语，所以convenient改成convenience。‎ ‎【点睛】宾语从句连接词的用法：‎ 一、当由陈述句充当宾语从句时，用that引导，that 无词义，在口语或非正式文体中常省略。如：‎ She said that she would leave the message on the headmaster's desk. 她说她会把留言条放在校长桌子上。‎ He said that he could finish his work before supper.他说他会在晚饭前完成工作。‎ 二、当由一般疑问句充当宾语从句时，用if 或whether 引导，意为“是否”。如：‎ Alice wanted to know if/whether her grandmother liked the bag. 爱丽斯想知道她祖母是否喜欢这个包。‎ I don't know whether he'll come the day after tomorrow. 我不知道他后天是否会来。‎ 但在下列情况下只能用whether：‎ ‎1. 在具有选择意义，又有or或or not时，尤其是直接与or not连用时，往往用whether(if …or not 也可以使用)。如：Let me know whether / if he will come or not.(=Let me know whether or not he will come ) 让我知道他是否能来。I don't know whether / if he does any washing or not.(= I don't know whether or not he does any washing. ) 我不知道他在家洗不洗衣服。I wonder whether we stay or whether we go. 我想知道我们是去还是留。‎ ‎2. 在介词之后用whether。如：I'm interested in whether he likes English. 我关心的是他是否喜欢英语。We're thinking about whether we can finish the work on time. 我们正在考虑是否能按时完成这项工作。I was worried about whether I hurt her feelings. 我担心是否伤害了她的感情。‎ ‎3. 在不定式前用whether。如：‎ He hasn't decided whether to visit the old man. 他尚未决定是否拜访那位老人。‎ I don't know whether to go. 我不知去否。‎ He hasn't decided whether to go by bus or by train. 他还未决定是乘公共汽车去还是坐火车去。‎ ‎4. whether 置于句首时，不能换用if。如：‎ Whether this is true or not , I can't say. 这是否是真的我说不上来。‎ ‎5. 引导主语从句和表语从句时宜用whether。如：‎ Whether she will come or not is still a question. 她是否能来还是个问题。‎ The question is whether we can catch the bus. 问题是我们能否赶上公共汽车。‎ ‎6. 若用if会产生歧义时，要用whether。如：‎ Please let me know if you like the book.可理解为：①Please let me know whether you like the book. 请告诉我你是否喜欢这本书。‎ ‎② If you like the book, please let me know. 你如果喜欢这本书，请告诉我。‎ 三、如果宾语从句原来是特殊疑问句，只需用原来的疑问词引导。如：‎ Could you tell me where we will have the meeting this afternoon? 你能告诉我我们今天下午将在哪儿开会吗？‎ I don’t know who bought the present for me. Is it Jack? 我不知道谁给我买了礼物。是杰克吗？‎ B篇 ‎【2019届山东省祁县中学高三12月月考】‎ Dear Tom,‎ Very happy to have heard you. In your last e-mail, you asked me for the advices on how to travel casually in China. Now I’d like to share my opinion.‎ Nowadays, take China’s high-speed trains is a popular way to travel. Firstly, it’s fast and convenient. By the end of last year, the high-speed railways have been built in most of the cities in China, which could help people travel to different ‎ places fast than ever. Up to now, the high-speed railway network has covered the total of 22,000 kilometers. Secondly, it’s stable. In 2019, which a Swedish man videoed surprised the whole world. She erected(竖立) a coin on the windowsill or it stood for 8 minutes. How amazing! So, buddy, why not to have a try?‎ Yours,‎ Li Hua ‎【解析】1.句意：很高兴收到你的来信。hear from收到某人的来信，故在heard后面加from。‎ ‎2.advice 是不可数名词，故答案为advice。‎ ‎3.第二段第一句话没有主语，所以用动名词做主语，故把take---taking。‎ ‎4.根据By the end of last year,可知句子用过去完成时态，故把have---had。‎ ‎5.根据后面的than可知句子用比较级，故把fast---faster。‎ ‎6.固定搭配：a total of总数为---，故答案为a。‎ ‎7.句意：一个瑞典人的录制的视频震惊了全世界。根据句意可知此处是what引导的主语从句，从句缺少引导词，缺少宾语，故把which---what。‎ ‎8.根据前面的a Swedish man可知把She---He。‎ ‎9.句意：他在窗台上立了一枚硬币，并立了8分钟。根据句意可知此处是并列句，故把or---and。‎ ‎10.固定句式：Why not do sth. ?故把to去掉。‎ C篇 ‎【2019届山东省寿光市第一中学高三12月月考】‎ It is essential to take an useful summer vacation after the exam. There are many kinds of activity for us to take part. First, we can visit our relatives and friends or spend a happily time with our family. Second, seeing a film, listening to music or hang out with our friends will also be excited. Third, we should take more exercise to keep healthy. What’s more, we’d better to review what we had learned at school. Finally, it is necessary of us to do some housework, that can help our parents a lot. Above all, I hope all of us can have a pleasant vacation.‎ ‎【解析】1. an改为a考查冠词。useful不是元音读音开头的单词，因此要用不定冠词用a。故把an改为a.‎ ‎2. activity改为activities 考查名词的复数形式。句意：我们有许多活动可以参加。 many后边加可数名词复数 ，因此 activity改为activities。‎ ‎3. take part后加in 考查固定搭配。句意：我们有许多活动可以参加。take part in activities，为固定短语，为“参加活动。”‎ ‎4. happily改为happy考查形容词作定语。句意：我们可以与家人共度美好时光。用形容词修饰名词time，happily是副词，故把happily改为happy。‎ ‎5. hang改为hanging考查前后一致原则。句意：看电影、听音乐或和朋友出去玩也会很兴奋。本句中seeing a film, listening to music or hang out with our friends 在句中作主语，但动词原形不能作主语，根据前后一致原则，要用动词的ing形式作主语。因此hang改为hanging ‎6. excited改为exciting考查形容词辨析。句意：看电影、听音乐或和朋友出去玩也会很兴奋。excited修饰人，人做主语。而本句主语是一件事，用exciting修饰，因此把 excited改为exciting。‎ ‎7. 删掉we’d better后的to考查固定用法。句意：我们最好复习一下我们在学校学的知识。had better do sth，为固定短语，意味最好做某事。因此删掉we’d better后的to。‎ ‎8. had改为have考查时态。 全文一般现在时，所以用have，因此把had 改为have。 ‎ ‎9. of改为for考查固定搭配。句意：我们有必要做些家务活。It’s adj. for/sb. to do sth中的形容词是修饰一件事的。.而It is+adj+of sb to do sth中的 adj是对做这件事的人的评价，adj多用形容人的。本句是做些家务有必要，形容词necessary是用于修饰做家务这件事的，要用介词for。故of 改为for。‎ ‎【名词点睛】It's adj.for sb to do sth.与It's adj. of sb. to do sth的区别 ‎1.含义上的区别:‎ 两种句型的主谓关系不一样.‎ It is+adj+for sb to do. adj应该是对做这件事的评价;‎ It is+adj+of sb to do sth. adj应该是对做这件事的人的评价,adj多用形容人的.‎ ‎①It is +adj+for sb to do sth. 形容词(for前的)是多用来形容一件事情(动词不定式所表示的动作),即修饰的是 to do sth. adj是do sth.的属性; sb.跟adj.没有直接联系. for是指干谋事会如何.‎ It's plesant for us to take a walk after supper.‎ ‎②It is+adj+of sb to do sth. 形容词(of前的)是多用来形容人的;修饰的是介词of后面接的宾语. sb.跟adj.有直接联系.‎ ‎③实例辨析:‎ It's very difficult for me to do it. (difficult 指事情很难)‎ It's very kind of you to do it for me. (kind指人的品质好)‎ ‎10. that改为which考查非限制性定语从句的引导词。句意：我们有必要做些家务，这能帮助我们的父母很多。Which指代前面做家务这件事，故要用which引导非限制性定语从句,而不能用that，因此that改为.which。‎