高考英语一轮巩固达标练Unit3Traveljournal含解析新人教版必修1201810131154 7页

‎3 Travel journal 李仕才 ‎***阅读理解 Nowadays more and more people are talking about genetically modified foods ( GM foods). GM foods develop from genetically modified organisms (有机体), which have had specific changes introduced into their DNA by genetic engineering techniques. These techniques are much more precise where an organism is exposed to chemicals to create a nonspecific but stable change. For many people, the hightech production raises all kinds of environmental, ethical, health and safety problems. Particularly in countries with long farming traditions, the idea seems against nature.‎ In fact, GM foods are already very much a part of our lives. They were first put on the market in 2019. A third of the corn and more than half the cotton grown in the U. S.‎ last year was the product of biotechnology, according to the Department of Agriculture. More than 65 million acres of genetically modified crops will be planted in the US this year. The genetic genie is out of the bottle.‎ However, like any new product entering the food chain, GM foods must be subjected to careful testing. In wealthy countries, the debate about biotech is not so fierce by the fact that they have a large number of foods to choose from, and a supply that goes beyond the needs. In developing countries desperate to feed fastgrowing and underfed populations, the matter is simpler and much more urgent: do the benefits of biotech outweigh the risks?‎ The statistics on population growth and hunger are disturbing. Last year the world's population reached 6 billion. The UN states that nearly 800 million people around the world are unhealthy. About 400 million women of childbearing age don' t have enough iron, which means their babies are exposed to various birth defeats.As many as 100 million children suffer from vitamin A deficiency, a leading cause of blindness.‎ How can biotech help? Genetic engineering is widely used to produce plants and animals with better nutritional values. Biotechnologists have developed genetically modified rice and they are working on other kinds of nutritionally improved crops.‎ ‎ Biotech can also improve farming productivity in places where food shortages are caused by crop damage attributable to drought, poor soil and crop viruses.‎ ‎1.The passage mainly talks about________.‎ A. the world's food problem B. the development in biotech C. the genetically modified foods D. the way to solve food shortages ‎2.According to the passage, GM foods________.‎ A. will replace naturally grown foods B. are far better than naturally grown foods C. may help to solve the problem of poor nutrition D. can cause serious trouble in developing countries ‎3.The underlined sentence “The genetic genie is out of the bottle.” in Paragraph 2 probably means that________.‎ A.GM foods are available everywhere B. the technology in producing GM foods is advanced C. genetic technology may have uncontrollable powers D. genetic technology has come out of laboratories into markets ‎4.What's the writer's attitude towards GM foods?‎ A. Enthusiastic. B. Cautious. ‎ C. Disapproving. D. Unbelievable.‎ ‎【文章大意】本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了转基因食品及其对人类生活的影响。‎ ‎1.C 【解析】主旨大意题。根据文章内容，特别是第一段中的“Nowadays more and more people are talking about genetically modified foods ( GM foods).”可知，本文主要介绍的是转基因食品。‎ ‎2.C 【解析】细节理解题。根据最后一段中的“Genetic engineering is widely used to produce plants and animals with better nutritional values.”可知，转基因食品有助于解决营养不良问题。‎ ‎4.B 【解析】观点态度题。根据第三段中的“However, like any new product entering the food chain, GM foods must be subjected to careful testing.”可知，作者认为转基因食品进入市场前需要严格的检测，由此可见作者对转基因食品的态度是谨慎的。‎ ‎***语法填空 Over the years, I have met some interesting people. Two of __1__ most interesting people were two elderly sisters, Joan and Bernice, __2__ way of talking about people inspired me.‎ It was always a __3__ (pleasant) to visit these two sisters. Just being greeted at the door was a joy. They couldn't be __4__ (happy) when seeing me. I always heard about the people who were there before me. Every person __5__ (talk) about in a positive way. The conversation would go something like this, “Oh, Kay, soandso was here yesterday, she __6__ (be) just ‘the salt of the earth’， isn't she? ” The other sister would reply, “Oh, yes! You just can't believe __7__ wonderful she is. ” I never heard they said a negative word about anyone. NEVER!‎ I understood why these two had so much company when other people complained that no one cared about __8__ (they). It was their attitude __9__ people. There was no doubt that when the next person came to visit, he was going to hear how I was “the salt of the earth”．‎ What a wonderful example these two elderly sisters were to me! I will always be __10__ (thank) that I had the opportunity to know them.‎ ‎1．________　2.________　3.________　4.________5．________　‎ ‎6.________　7.________　8.________ 9．________　10.________‎ 篇章导读：本文是一篇夹叙夹议文。全文主要介绍了作者所认识的一对很有趣且极具正能量的姐妹的故事。‎ ‎1．the　考查冠词。由空后的“most interesting”的提示可知，此处为形容词的最高级，应用定冠词修饰。‎ ‎2．whose　考查定语从句的引导词。whose引导非限制性定语从句，在从句中作定语，先行词为Joan and Bernice。‎ ‎3．pleasure　考查词性转换。结合语境和冠词a的提示可知，此处应用名词形式。‎ ‎4．happier　考查形容词的比较级。否定词与比较级连用表达最高级含义，与上文的joy呼应。‎ ‎5．was talked　考查动词的时态和语态。由语境可知，Every person和talk之间是被动关系；再由前一句的时态可知，应用一般过去时的被动语态。‎ ‎6．is　考查动词的时态。由附加问句“isn't she？”可知，此处应用is。‎ ‎7．how　考查宾语从句的连接词。how引导宾语从句且在从句中修饰形容词wonderful。‎ ‎8．them　考查代词。介词about后应跟代词的宾格形式且表示“他们”，故填them。‎ ‎9．toward(s)/to　考查介词。attitude toward(s)/to sb.‎ ‎ 意为“对某人的态度”，符合语义。‎ ‎10．thankful　考查词性转换。be动词后一般跟形容词作表语，故此处用形容词形式。‎ ‎***完形填空 Falling off a boxcar and landing on my head，I lost my sight when I was four years old.Now I am thirtytwo.I can __1__ remember the brightness of sunshine.It would be wonderful to see again，__2__ a tragedy can do strange things to people.‎ It __3__ to me that I might not have come to love life as I do now if I hadn't been blind.My parents and my teacher saw something __4__ me，and they made me want to __5__ against blindness.‎ The hardest __6__ I had to learn was to believe in myself.If I hadn't been able to do that，I would have __7__ down for the rest of my life.When I say __8__ in myself I am not talking about __9__ the kind of selfconfidence that __10__ me down an unfamiliar staircase(楼梯)alone.But I mean something bigger than that：the assurance that I am a real positive person __11__ imperfections.‎ It took me years to obtain this __12__.It had to start with the __13__.Once a man gave me an indoor __14__.“I can't use this，”I said.“Take it with you，” he __15__ me，“and roll it around.”The __16__ stuck in my head.“Roll it around！” By rolling the ball I could hear where it went.This gave me an idea how to achieve a goal I had thought __17__. At the School for the Blind I __18__ a new kind of baseball called the “ground ball”．All my life I have set a series of goals and then tried to reach them，one at a time.I had to learn my __19__.I would fail sometimes anyway but on the average I made __20__.‎ ‎1．A.randomly B．abruptly C．roughly D．completely ‎2．A.so B．but C．thus D．and ‎3．A.occurred B．referred C．brought D．turned ‎4．A.of B．for C．to D．in ‎5．A.get B．fight C．find D．drop ‎6．A.method B．experience C．lesson D．manner ‎7．A.broken B．put C．settled D．lay ‎8．A.courage B．ambition C．belief D．power ‎9．A.firmly B．simply C．fairly D．slightly ‎10．A.stops B．helps C．finds D．gives ‎11．A.despite B．besides C．without D．unlike ‎12．A.description B．existence C．accusation D．recognition ‎13．A.intelligence B．incident C．trouble D．determination ‎14．A.chair B．baseball C．game D．design ‎15．A.urged B．blamed C．greeted D．teased ‎16．A.goals B．words C．images D．ideas ‎17．A.valuable B．reasonable C．impossible D．unbearable ‎18．A.discovered B．equipped C．formed D．invented ‎19．A.limitations B．advantages C．puzzles D．personalities ‎20．A.sense B．progress C．mistakes D．decisions ‎【解题导语】本文是一篇夹叙夹议文。文章主要讲述了“我”在四岁的时候失去了视力，但通过一件小事，“我”学会了自信，并逐渐取得进步的过程。‎ ‎【核心词汇】tragedy悲剧　imperfection缺点 on the average一般来说　roughly粗略地 ‎1．C　考查副词。“我”四岁时失去视力，现在已经三十二岁了。由此可推知，此处表示“我”粗略地记得，故选C。roughly“粗略地，大致上”。‎ ‎2．B　考查连词。根据语境可知，上下文之间是转折关系，故选B。‎ ‎3．A　考查动词。“我”想到如果“我”没有失明“我”可能不会像现在这样热爱生活。It occurs to sb.that...为固定句型，意为“某人想到……”。‎ ‎4．D　考查介词。“我”父母以及老师看到了“我”内在的一些东西，他们让“我”想要与失明作斗争。根据语境可知，此处应选D。‎ ‎5．B　考查动词。参见上题解析。fight against...“与……作斗争”。‎ ‎6．C　考查名词。“我”学到的最困难的一课(lesson)就是要相信“我”自己。‎ ‎7．A　考查动词。如果“我”做不到那样的话，“我”可能已经精神崩溃了。break down“(在健康或精神等方面)垮掉”。‎ ‎8．C　考查名词。根据上文中的“to believe in myself”可知，此处应选C项与上文相照应。‎ ‎9．B　考查副词。“我”说的信心并不仅仅(simply)指帮助(helps)“我”走下陌生楼梯的自信。‎ ‎10．B　考查动词。参见上题解析。‎ ‎11．A　考查介词。尽管“我”是一个不完美的人，但是“我”是一个积极的人。despite“尽管”，符合语境。‎ ‎12．D　考查名词。“我”花了很多年才认识到这一点。A项意为“描述”；B项意为“存在”；C项意为“控告”；D项意为“认识”。‎ ‎13．B　考查名词。这从一件小事开始。A项意为“智慧”；B项意为“小事”；C项意为“麻烦”；D项意为“决心”。‎ ‎14．B　考查名词。根据下文中的“a new kind of baseball”可知，此处指棒球。‎ ‎15．A　考查动词。根据语境可知，此处指他一直在敦促“我”。urge“强烈要求，敦促”。‎ ‎16．B　考查名词。他所说的话(words)印在“我”的脑海中，故选B。‎ ‎17．C　考查形容词。这给了“我”一个如何实现”我”认为不可能(impossible)的目标的想法。A项意为“有价值的”；B项意为“合情理的”；C项意为“不可能的”；D项意为“无法容忍的”。‎ ‎18．D　考查动词。在盲人学校“我”发明(invented)了一种新的被称之为“地滚球”的棒球。A项意为“发现”；B项意为“配备”；C项意为“形成”；D项意为“发明”。‎ ‎19．A　考查名词。“我”不得不了解自己的不足之处。limitation“(某人或某物的) 局限性，不足之处”。‎ ‎20．B　考查名词。“我”有时会失败，但一般说来“我”取得了进步。make progress“取得进展”。‎ ‎***短文改错 Li Ming is a friend of mine. I'm glad he changed greatly in the past two years. I clearly remember he was quite fat two years before. He got tired so easy that he couldn't take exercise, that made him very upset. Later, he realized unless he went on like that, he would end up achieve nothing. So he made up his minds to make a change. He went running every morning and played the basketball every afternoon. Besides, he followed a diet of more vegetables or less meat. Gradually he began to lose weight. He is now an energetic boy in good health. So when faced with problems, we should overcome it with great determination and strong willpower.‎ 答案：‎ Li Ming is a friend of mine. I'm glad he changed greatly in the past two years. I clearly remember he was quite fat two years . He got tired so that he couldn't take exercise, made him very upset. Later, he realized he went on like that, he would end up nothing. So he made up his to make a change. He went running every morning and played basketball every afternoon. Besides, he followed a diet of more vegetables less meat. Gradually he began to lose weight. He is now an energetic boy in good health. So when faced with problems, we should overcome with great determination and strong willpower.‎ 难项分析：‎ 第一处：changed前加has　考查动词的时态。根据时间状语in the past two years可知，此处表示从过去开始发生的动作，并对现在造成了影响。因此，应用现在完成时。故在changed前加has。‎ 第二处：before→ago　考查副词。before指从过去某刻起若干时间以前，常与完成时连用，ago指从此刻起若干时间以前，常与过去时连用。根据上下文可知，此处讲述的是过去的事情，故将before改为ago。‎ 第五处：unless→if　考查连词。“he went on like that (他继续像那样)”是“he would end up ... nothing”的条件，因此应用if引导条件状语从句。故将unless改为if。‎