英语高考常见动词词组归纳辨析 10页

高考动词短语归纳辨析 一、 break ‎ 1. break away(from) 突然离开，放弃； （与……）脱离 eg: The wing of the plane broke away in mid-air and the plane crashed. 机翼在空中脱落，飞机坠落了。‎ Can’t you break away from old habits? 你不能戒除旧习惯吗？‎ 2. break down vi. 损坏；（汽车）抛锚；失败 vt. 分解（强调物理变化） ‎ eg: Negotiations have broken down. 谈判已经破裂了。‎ ‎ The car/ engine broke down. 汽车/引擎坏掉了。‎ ‎ Sugar and starch are broken down in the stomach.糖和淀粉在胃里被分解。‎ ‎ A better method is to take the waste far out to the sea in ships where the wind and waves break it down. 一个较好的办法是用船把废物运到远海，利用那里的海风和海浪分解这些物质。‎ 3. break in/into 闯入, 打断, 开始工作 eg: His house was broken into in the midnight.半夜有人闯入他家。‎ 4. break off 中断, 折断, 突然停止, 脱落, 暂停, 断绝, 解除 eg: He broke off in the middle of a sentence. 他一句话还没说完就中断了。‎ break off an engagement / conversation 突然解约/ 终止谈话 ‎ 5. break out （fire, disease, war, violence）突发, 爆发,‎ ‎ 相当于不及物动词，不带宾语，也没有被动语态。‎ Eg: A fire broke out during the night. 晚上发生一场火灾。‎ 6. break up 打碎, 破碎, 分裂, 结束, 衰落, 分解(强调化学变化), 变坏, 驱散 ‎ eg: The gathering broke up in disorder. 聚会一哄而散。‎ The marriage is breaking up. 婚姻濒临破裂。‎ The police broke up the crowd. 警察驱散人群。‎ 二、 bring 1. bring about 使发生, 致使 eg: Science has brought about many changes in our lives. 科学为我们的生活带来许多变化。‎ What has brought about the quarrel? 这场争吵是怎么引起的？‎ 2. bring back 拿回来, 使回忆起来, 使恢复 eg: Please bring back the book tomorrow. 请于明天把书拿回来。‎ ‎ Your letter brought back many memories. 你的来信唤起了许多回忆。‎ ‎ Her stay in the mountains brought her back to health. 她在山里暂住使她恢复了健康。‎ 3. bring down 打倒, 击落, 打死, 降低 eg: He brought the bird down with one shot. 他一枪就把鸟打了下来。‎ ‎ The government of that country is trying to bring down the prices for food to please the people. 那国的政府正努力降低食品价格以取悦民众。‎ 4. bring in 生产, 挣得, 介绍引进 eg: He does odd jobs that brings him in 10 to 15 pounds a week. 他打零工每周可赚十到十五镑。‎ ‎ They brought in experienced people to help./ They brought experienced people in to help. 他们请有经验的人来帮忙。‎ 5. bring…into… 使……处于某种状态，使卷入 eg: The two countries were brought into war. 两个国家都被卷入了战争。‎ 6. bring on 引起, 导致, 使发展, 提出 eg: He was out in the rain all day and that brought on a bad cold. 他整天在外面淋雨，因此患了重感冒。‎ ‎ bring out 取出，使显示, 出版, 生产, 鼓励说出 eg: The company began to bring out a new kind of soap.这家公司开始生产一种新肥皂。‎ ‎ Alice is very shy, try to bring her out. 爱丽丝很怕羞，要设法鼓励她说话。‎ 1. bring (…) to light 揭露，暴露； 使了解到 eg: The investigation brought to light many new facts. 调查揭露了许多新情况。‎ 2. bring up 教育, 培养, 提出, (军队等)调上来,呕吐 eg: He was brought up by his aunt. 他是由他姑姑养大的。‎ ‎ These are matters that you can bring up in the committee. 这些问题你可以在委员会里提出来。‎ ‎ He brought up his dinner. 他把晚饭吃的东西都吐了。 ‎ 二、 call ‎ 1. call at +地点/ call on/upon +sb. 访问，走访，拜访；要求 eg: We called at Mr Johnson’s house yesterday. 我们昨天到约翰家拜访。‎ ‎ We were called on by our neighbours before we had been settled in our new home a week. 我们迁入新居还不到一周，邻居都来探望我们了。‎ They called on the writer to make a speech. 他们要求那位作家讲几句话。‎ 2. call away 叫走, 转移, 排解 （常用于被动语态）‎ eg: He was called away before I could speak to him. 我还没来得及和他说话，他就被叫走了。 ‎ ‎ The doctor is often called away at night. 这位大夫经常夜里被请去出诊。‎ 3. call for 要求；需要 eg: Success calls for hard work. 成功需要勤奋。‎ 4. call forth 使产生, 引起, 使起作用 ；振作起，鼓起（勇气、精神等）‎ eg: His behaviour called forth numerous protests. 他的行为引起许多抗议。‎ ‎ You will have to call forth all your energy. 你必须全力以赴。‎ 5. call in 召集, 召来, 来访；收回（出借的图书、债款、旧币等）‎ eg: The army was called in to help. 部队应召而来帮忙。‎ The makers have called in some cars with dangerous faults. 制造商收回了一些有危险性缺陷的车。‎ 6. call off 叫走, 放弃, 使转移走, 取消 eg: Please call off your dog. 叫走你的狗。‎ ‎ They had to call off the match because of the heavy rain. 由于大雨，他们不得不取消比赛。‎ 7. call out 出动, 唤起, 大声叫唤，给……下令罢工 eg; Why is calling out? 他为什么在叫喊？‎ The miners’ leader called out his men.   矿工领袖下令矿工罢工。‎ 8. call up 召唤, 使想起, 提出, 打电话给 eg: I’ll call you up if anything happens. 有事我会打电话给你。‎ ‎ This song called up memories of my childhood. 这首歌勾起了我对童年的回忆。‎ 三、 carry 1. carry away 运走, 使失去自制力 eg: Their houses were carried away by the flood. 他们的房屋被洪水冲走了。‎ ‎ She was carried away by the music and started to sing it herself. 她被那乐曲迷住了，情不自禁也唱了起来。‎ 2. carry off 获得, 赢得 ‎ eg: Tom carried off all the school prizes. 汤姆赢得了学校所有的奖 3. carry on (with) 继续开展, 坚持, 举止失常 eg: Let’s carry on (with) our work. 让我们把这项工作继续下去吧。‎ ‎ Did you notice how they were carrying on? 你注意到他们的行为多奇怪了吗？‎ 4. carry out 完成, 实现, 贯彻, 执行 ‎ carry out a promise /plan 实践诺言/实施计划 ‎ carry out an experiment 做实验 5. carry through 进行, 贯彻, 使度过（危险、困难等）‎ eg: Their courage will carry them through. 他们的勇气会使他们度过难关。‎ ‎ Despite powerful opposition, they managed to carry their reforms through. ‎ ‎ 尽管遇到了强大的阻力，他们还是设法进行了改革。‎ 一、 come 1. come about 产生，发生 ‎ eg: How did it come about ? 那事是怎么发生的？‎ ‎ Sometimes it is hard to tell how a quarrel comes about. 有时很难说清是怎么吵起来的。‎ 2. come across来到, 偶遇, <口>给人印象深刻 （无被动形式）‎ eg: A man was walking through a wood when he came across a woodcutter. 一个人正在林子里走着，这时他偶然遇见了一位樵夫。‎ ‎ Your speech came across very well. 你的演说很受欢迎。‎ 3. come along 出现, 发生, 进步（不及物动词词组）‎ eg: When the right opportunity comes along, he’ll take it. 当良机出现时，他会抓住的。‎ ‎ How is your English coming along? 你的英语学得怎么样？‎ ‎ come down 下来, 倒塌, 没落, 病倒, 捐钱, 流传下来, 垂下 eg: The rain came down in bucketfuls. 大雨倾盆。‎ My rich uncle comes down generously. 我那有钱的叔叔出手很大方。‎ I love those legends that have come down to us. 我喜爱那些流传下来的传说。‎ Her hair comes down to her waist. 她的头发下垂到腰部。‎ 4. come into being 形成, 产生　　（无被动形式）‎ eg: Thus the Great Wall came into being. 长城就这样形成了。‎ 5. come off 离开, 举行, 实现, 成为 eg: The trip came off on schedule.  　旅行按计划得以实现。‎ It was a clever joke but it didn’t quite come off.那笑话不错，但未达到预期效果。‎ 6. come on 突然产生, 要求, 跟着来, 开始, 出台, 上演，快点, ‎ eg: You go first, I’ll come on later. 你先去，我随后就来。‎ ‎ How’s your garden coming on? 你的花园发展的情形如何？‎ ‎ I can feel a headache coming on. 我觉得快头疼了。‎ ‎ “Mecbeth” is coming on again next month. 《麦可白》下月将再度上演。‎ 7. come out 出来, 长出, 传出, 出版, 被解出, 露出, 真相大白 eg: The stars come out . 星星出来了。‎ ‎ Flowers have come out. 花开了。‎ ‎ When the news came out, …. 当消息传出的时候，….‎ ‎ The meaning of the passage came out clearly in his interpretation. 这段文字的意义经他的解释后就明白了。‎ ‎ When will her book come out ? 她的新书什么时候出版？‎ ‎ come over 过来（常和介词tofrom 连用），被理解（=come across）；突然感到（~ sb.）‎ eg: When did you first come over to England? 你第一次来英国是什么时候？‎ ‎ A feeling of faintness came over me, so I had to lie down. 我突然觉得头昏，所以只好躺下了。‎ 8. come around/round 恢复知觉, 回来，过访，绕道而来 eg: When he came round he found himself lying on bed.‎ 9. come to 复苏(=come around ,动副结构), 达到, 继承, 停止，想起,共计（动介）‎ eg: At last they came to a small village. 最后他们来到一个小村庄。‎ ‎ I can’t remember her name now---it’ll come to me later. 我一时记不起她的名字，过会儿我会想起来的。‎ ‎ What does the bill come to ? 帐单上共有多少钱？‎ 10. come up 走近, 上来, 发芽, 流行, 发生, 被提出，上升, 讨论 , 出现（不及物，无被动）‎ The seeds haven’t come up. 种子还没发芽。‎ She came up to ask what it was about. 她走过来问是怎么回事。‎ The question hasn’t come up yet. 问题尚未被提出或被讨论。‎ 一、 cut ‎ 1. cut down 砍倒, 胜过, 削减, 删节 eg: I haven’t given up drinking but I’m cutting down. 我没有戒酒，但是减少了酒量。‎ ‎ He wanted to have his trousers cut down. 他想把裤子改短一点。‎ 2. cut in （on） 插嘴, 插入, 把...插进 eg: I’m sorry to cut in on your conversation. 很抱歉打断你们的谈话。‎ ‎ You nearly caused an accident by cutting in (on me) like that. 你那样超我的车，差点造成事故。‎ 3. cut off 切断, 断绝 eg: His little finger was cut off in an accident at the factory. 他的小手指在工厂的一次事故中被切掉了。‎ ‎ cut off the gas/ electricity supply 切断煤气/电力供应 4. cut through 抄近路走过, 刺穿 eg: Let’s cut through the woods and get ahead of them. 让我们抄近路穿过树林，赶在他们前面。‎ ‎ The workers are cutting through the hill to build a road.工人们在凿山建路。‎ 5. cut up 切碎, 使丧气, ‎ eg: She has bought a machine to cut up vegetables. 她买了一台切菜机。‎ ‎ Alice was really cut up when her friend died. 爱丽丝的朋友去世了，她伤心极了。‎ 二、 get 1. get along/on(with) 生活, 融洽相处, 进展, 有起色 eg: How’s the work getting along/ on? 工作进展如何？‎ ‎ Do you get along well with your classmates? 你和同学们相处得好吗？‎ 2. get away 逃脱, 离开, 把...送走 ‎ eg: I caught a really big fish but it got away. 我钓到一条大鱼，可是它逃跑了。‎ 3. get down (从...)下来, 吞下, 写下, 使沮丧 eg: Try to get the medicine down. 设法把药吞下去。‎ ‎ Get down every word she says. 记下她说的每一句话。‎ 4. get down to 开始认真考虑 eg: It’s hard to get down to work after a nice holiday. 度过了愉快的假日后，很难认真投入工作。‎ ‎ I really must get down to writing my report. 我真的要认真写我的报告了。‎ 5. get in 进入, 到达, 收获, 插入, 陷入 eg: The plane get in late. 飞机晚点到达。‎ ‎ The students went to help the farmers get in crops.学生们去帮农民收割庄稼。‎ ‎  She got in with the criminals. 她和犯罪分子有瓜葛。‎ ‎ ‎ 6. get off 下来, 脱下, 出发, 开始 eg: I’d better be getting off now. 我现在该动身了。‎ ‎ Please get those things off, sir, and throw them into the fire.先生，请把你身上那些东西脱下来扔进火里。‎ ‎ I’m getting off the train at the next station. 我在下个车站下车。‎ ‎ The plane got off at eight on time. 飞机于八点准时起飞。‎ 7. get out 出去, 离开, 逃脱, 泄露, 摆脱, 弄出来, 说出, 出版 eg: Somehow the secret got out. 总之秘密被泄露了。‎ ‎ One of the tigers has got out (of the zoo). 一只老虎（从动物园）跑出来了。‎ ‎ We hope the get the report out soon. 我们希望很快发表这一报告。‎ ‎ He managed to get out some words. 他费力地说了几句话。‎ 1. get over 爬过, 克服, 熬过, 恢复, 原谅 eg: She finally got over the divorce. 她最终从离婚的创伤中恢复了。‎ ‎ How shall we get over all these difficulties? 我们如何克服所有这些困难？‎ 2. get through 到达, 做完, 通过, 度过, 打通 eg: I left as soon as your message got through to me. 一接到你的信我就离开了。‎ ‎ As soon as I get through (with) my work, I’ll join you. 我一干完活就去找你们。‎ ‎ Tom failed his exam but his sister got through. 汤姆不及格，但他妹妹及格了。‎ ‎ I tried to telephone, but I couldn’t get through. 我给你打电话但是打不通。‎ 3. get up 起床，（风、火等）变得猛烈；筹办；演出；研究；穿起 eg: The wind is getting up. 风势开始增强了。‎ ‎ They planned to get up a party. 他们计划筹办一个聚会。‎ ‎ She has got up in a new costume. 她穿起一件新装。‎ ‎ She got herself up like a girl of eighteen. 她把自己打扮得像个十八岁的女孩。‎ 二、 give ‎ 1. give away 送掉, 分发, 放弃, 泄露, 出卖, 让步, 陷下 eg: She gave away all her money to the poor. 她把所有的钱都给了穷人。‎ ‎ She made me promise not to give away while it was hidden.她叫我答应不要泄露它藏在哪里。‎ ‎ He was given away to the police. 他被人向警方告发了。‎ ‎ ‎ 2. give in 投降, 屈服, 让步, 交上 eg: He has given in to my views. 他已经接受了我的观点。‎ ‎ Please give in your examination papers now. 现在请将你们的试卷交上来。 ‎ ‎ ‎ 3. give off 发出(蒸汽、液体、雾等)，长出（枝、杈等）‎ eg: Water always gives off steam when boiled. 水煮开后就冒出蒸汽。‎ ‎ The cake gave off a terrible smell. 蛋糕散发出难闻的气味。‎ ‎ ‎ 4. give out 分发, 发出(气味、热等), 发表, 用尽, 精疲力竭 eg: The teacher is giving out the examination papers.老师正在分发试卷。‎ The radio is giving out a strange signal. 无线电正在发出一种奇特的信号。‎ ‎ The sun gives out light and heat to the earth. 太阳向地球散发出光和热。‎ ‎ Our food supplies began to give out. 我们的食品要吃完了。‎ ‎ ‎ 5. give up 放弃(念头、希望等), 停止, 抛弃, 认输, 把...送交, <口>对...绝望 eg: The doctors have given him up. 医生说他的病已不能治了。‎ ‎ I have given up smoking.我已经戒烟了。 ‎ ‎ She gave up a lot of her friends when she got married.她结婚后跟许多朋友断绝了来往。‎ ‎ Shall we let the thief go or give him up to the police? 我们是将窃贼放走呢还是将他交给警察？‎ 6. give way （to） 撤退, 让路, 退让, 垮掉, 倒塌, 屈服, 跌价 eg: Give way to traffic coming in from the right. 让从右面来的车子先走。‎ ‎ Tears gave way to smiles. 破涕为笑。‎ ‎ We mustn’t give way to these unreasonable demands. 我们不能向这些不合理的要求让步。‎ 一、 go 1. go against 反对, 违反, 不利于/z ‎ eg: Don’t go against your father. 不要违背你父亲的意愿。‎ The war is going against them. 战争对他们不利。‎ 2. go along(with) 前进, 进行, 赞同, 支持 eg: You may have some difficulty first but you’ll find it easier as you go along. 最初你或许有些困难，但过些时你会觉得较为容易。‎ ‎ They were quite happy to go along with our suggestion. 他们很乐意赞成我们的建议。‎ 3. go by (从...旁)走过, 依照, 顺便走访 eg: A car went by. 一辆汽车驶过。‎ ‎ He always goes by the rules. 他总是根据规则办事。‎ 4. go down 下去, 下沉, 坠落, 下降, 平静下来, 被咽下, 被接受, 被记录下来 eg: The value of the dollar has gone down again. 美圆又贬值了。‎ ‎ The pills wouldn’t go down. 这药丸吞不下。‎ ‎ He will go down in history as a great statesman. 他将在历史上成为伟大的政治家。‎ 5. go in for 参加, 追求, 爱好 eg: go in for an examination 参加考试 ‎ go in for golf/ stamp-collecting/ growing tulips 爱好高尔夫/集邮/种郁金香 6. go off 离开, 去世, 消失, 睡去, 爆炸, 被发射, 进行, 变质 eg: The gun went off by accident. ‎ ‎ Meat and fish go off quickly in hot weather.‎ ‎ She went off into a faint.‎ ‎ He has gone off to Leeds with his master’s money. 他带着主人的钱偷偷逃亡利兹了。‎ ‎ How did the sports meeting go off? 运动会进行情况如何？‎ 7. go over (渡过...)转变, (对...进行)仔细检查, 润色, 复习 eg: He has gone over to the Democrats. 他已投入民主党。‎ We went over the building. 我们查看了这座大楼。‎ ‎ Go over the lesson again. 把功课再复习一遍。‎ ‎ ‎ 8. go round 到处走动, 顺便去, 流传, 足够分配 eg: There aren’t enough computers for the whole grade of students to go around. 计算机不够整个年级学生用的。‎ ‎ Is there enough food to go around? 食物够分配吗？‎ 9. go through 经历, 经受, 仔细检查, 用完, 被通过, 参加, 搜查, 履行 eg: These countries have gone through too many wars. 这些国家饱经战火。‎ ‎ Their plans went through. 他们的计划被通过了。‎ ‎ Have you gone through all your money? 你用完了所有的钱了吗？‎ ‎ He went through his pockets and eventually found his keys. 他仔细检查了口袋，终于找到了钥匙。 ‎ 10. go with 伴随, 与...相配, 和(异性)交朋友 eg: Happiness doesn’t always go with money. 幸福未必总是伴随金钱而来。‎ ‎ This color does not go with that. 这颜色和那颜色不配。‎ ‎ He goes with a different girl every week. 他每星期与不同的女孩交往。‎ 二、 keep ‎ 1. keep back 落在后面, 阻止, 隐瞒, 留下 eg: The police tried to keep the crowd back from the injured man. 警察试图挡住人群，不让他们靠近受伤的人。‎ ‎ He can keep nothing back from his friends. 他什么也瞒不住他的朋友。‎ ‎ The boss keeps back $‎50 a month towards my uniform. 老板每月扣我50美圆服装费。‎ 2. keep down 卧下, 镇压, 控制, 缩减, 保留 eg: They are taking steps to keep down the rabbit population. 他们采取措施控制兔子的繁殖。 ‎ ‎ We must keep down expenses. 我们必须缩减开支。 ‎ ‎ I feel ill, doctor, and I can’t keep any food down. 我病了，医生，吃的东西都吐了。‎ 3. keep in with 不断讨好，和……保持友谊 eg: She still keeps in with her former husband. 她仍和前夫保持友谊。‎ 4. keep on 继续, 留用， 穿着...不脱 eg: The rain kept on for several days. 雨一连下了几天。‎ ‎ Don’t lose courage. Keep on trying. 别丧气，继续努力。‎ 5. keep to 遵循， 坚持，不离开 eg: He always keeps to his promises. 她总是说话算数的。‎ ‎ We kept to the roads we knew. 我们不离开我们认识的路。‎ ‎6． Keep …to oneself 对 …守口如瓶 eg: He kept his conclusions to himself. 他对他的结论守口如瓶。‎ ‎ I’m resigning ---but keep it to yourself. 我要辞职了——但你不要传出去。‎ 7． ‎ keep up(with) 不低落, 维持, 继续 eg: If this rain keeps up, the garden will be ruined.如果这雨继续下，花园就完蛋了。‎ ‎ It is difficult to keep on a conversation with a man who will only say Yes and no. 跟一个只会说“是、不是”的人很难谈下去。‎ 十一、put ‎ 1. put away 放好, 储存...备用, 处理掉, 放弃, 抛弃 eg: The boy put the food away in the cupboard after he finished his dinner.那个男孩吃完晚饭后把食物放进橱里。‎ ‎ He put some money away every month. 他每月存一些钱。‎ ‎ He’s had to put away all ideas of becoming a pianist. 他不得不放弃做钢琴演奏家的一切念头。‎ ‎ ‎ 2. put down 放下, 镇压, 写下 eg: The army put down al opposition. 军队把所有的反抗活动都镇压下去了。‎ ‎ Put it down to my account, please. 请记在我帐上。‎ ‎ Here is my address——put it down before you forget it. 写下来免得忘了。‎ ‎ ‎ 3. put forward 放出, 拿出, 提出, 推举出 eg: put forward a new theory 提出一个新理论 put a friend forward as a candidate 推荐一位朋友为候选人 4. put off 推迟, 拖延, 搪塞, 扔掉, 脱掉, 妨碍 eg: put off going to see a dentist 延期去看牙医 He tried to put me off with vague promises. 他企图以含混的许诺来敷衍我。‎ You must put off your doubts and fears. 你必须消除疑惧。‎ The smell put me off eating for a week. 那味道使我一个星期吃不下东西。‎ 5. put on 穿上, 把...放在上, 上演, 打开，假装, 增加, 欺骗, 添上 eg: They will put on a play in English this month. 他们这个月将演出英文剧。‎ Put on the light. 开灯。‎ I put on a lot of weight while I was on holiday. 度假时我胖了很多。‎ She was a shy girl, but she put on a bold front and went to the party. 她是一个害羞的女孩，然而却装出一副勇敢的样子去参加舞会。‎ So many people wanted to go to the match that another train had to be put on. 要去观看比赛的人那么多，只好增开一列火车。‎ 1. put out 扑灭， 生产，消除, 出版， 做出努力, 使退场 eg: Please put out the light before you go to bed. 上床前请把灯关掉。‎ ‎ It took them six hours to put the fire out. 他们花了六个小时才把火扑灭。‎ ‎ The government has put out a statement denying these rumours. 政府发表声明否认了这些谣言。‎ 2. put through(to) 接通电话 eg: Can you put me through to this number? 你能给我接通这个号码吗？‎ 3. put up 举起, 抬起, 进行, 提供, 张贴 eg: They began to put up a tent after they got there.他们到那儿开始架起帐篷。‎ ‎ Put your hands up! 举起手来！‎ He put a “No parking” sign outside his gate. 他在大门外挂了一块“禁止停车”的牌子。‎ I’ll supply skill and knowledge if you will put up the $2000 capital. 如果你提供两千美圆的资本，我就提供技术与知识。‎ 4. put up with 忍受, 容忍 eg: I can’t put up with your rudeness any more. 我不能再忍受你的无礼了。‎ 十二、set ‎ 1. set about 开始，着手（后接名词、代词和动名词）‎ eg: The sooner we set about it the sooner we’ll finish. 我们越早开始就越早可以完成这件事。‎ 2. set out 出发, 开始, 陈列 eg: When are we setting out on our trip? 我们什么时候动身去旅行？‎ ‎ This is what they set out to say. 这就是他们要说的话。‎ ‎ The meal was set out on a long table. 饭菜摆在一张长桌子上。‎ 3. set to 开始认真干, 开始大吃 eg: We have set to learning Japanese grammar. 我们开始学习日语语法。‎ ‎ If we set to, we can finish cleaning the room in an hour. 如果我们认真干起来，我们只要一个小时就能把房间打扫干净。‎ ‎ We were all hungry and at once set to. 我们都饿了，立刻狼吞虎咽地吃起来。‎ 4. set aside 留出, 不顾, 取消, 驳回 eg: Each month he tried to set aside part of his salary. 每个月他都设法留出工资的一部分。‎ ‎ Setting aside my wishes in the matter, what would you really like to do? 不要理会我对此事的愿望，你自己究竟想干什么？‎ 5. set off (for) 出发, 动身, 使爆炸, 引起, 衬托 eg: We shall set off for town together. 我们将一起进城。‎ ‎ As a traditional way to celebrate the new year, setting off firecrackers is justifiably welcomed by most Chinese people. 作为一种传统的庆贺新年活动，燃放鞭炮当然受到大多数中国人的欢迎。‎ ‎ The news set off a rush of activity. 这消息令人蜂拥而来。‎ ‎ This gold frame sets off your oil painting very well. 这个金色镜框把你的油画衬托得很美丽。‎ 1. set up 设立, 竖立, 架起, 开业 eg: Edison set up a chemical lab of his own at the age of ten.爱迪生十岁就建立了自己的化学实验室。‎ ‎ He has set himself up as a bookseller. 他成了书商。 ‎ ‎ ‎ 十三、take ‎ 1. take after 像, 学样 ‎ eg: She takes after her mother; she is always cheerful.她像她妈妈，总是乐呵呵的。‎ ‎ ‎ 2. take along 随身带着，带领 eg: Why don't you take your mother along to the concert? 你为什么不把你母亲带到音乐会上来呢？‎ 3. take away 取走，减去，使离去 eg: Take away 3 from 10 you get 7. 十件三等于七。‎ ‎ What takes you away so early? 为什么你这么早就走？‎ 4. take back 送还, 收回, 取消, 使回忆起 eg: Sorry, I take back what I said. 对不起，我收回我说的话。‎ ‎ The photo took him to his early days in youth. 照片使他又回到了青年早期。‎ ‎ take down 拿下, 记下, 拆卸, 病倒 eg: He took down an old picture from the wall. 他从墙上取下一张旧画。‎ ‎ Did you take down his phone number? 你记下他的电话号码了吗？‎ ‎ A dangerous bridge was taken down. 一座危险的桥梁已拆掉。‎ 5. take in 接受, 接待, 吸收, 理解, 包括, 轻信, 注意到, 欺骗 eg: He had nowhere to sleep so we offered to take him in. 他没地方睡觉，于是我们就提出让他留宿。‎ ‎ This is the total cost of the holiday, taking everything in. 这是假日的全部费用，一切都包括在内。‎ ‎ She took in the waist on the pair of trousers. 她把裤子的腰身改小了。‎ 6. take off 拿掉, 脱衣, 起飞, 减弱, 离开, 休假 eg: The plane took off on time. 飞机准时起飞。‎ He took off in a hurry. 他匆匆离去。‎ I’m taking off three days during May. 五月我将会休假三天。‎ 7. take on 披上, 呈现, 具有, 雇用, 承担, 同…较量 eg: These insects can take on the colour of their surroundings. 这些昆虫能够呈现与其周围环境相适应的颜色。‎ ‎ His face took on a worried expression. 他的脸上露出担忧的表情。‎ ‎ We’ve decided to take on a new typist in our office. 我们决定办公室里雇佣一名新的打字员。‎ ‎ Why don’t you take on someone of your own size? 你怎么不跟你一样高的人较量？‎ ‎ ‎ 8. take over 接收, 接管 eg: Our chairman has left, so Peter will take over (his job).我们的主席走了，彼德将接任。‎ ‎ ‎ 9. take up 拿起, 开始从事, 继续, 吸收, 责备, 拘留, 占据, 认购 eg: He took up the receiver when the telephone rang. 电话铃响了，他拿起听筒。‎ ‎ He took up acting while he was at college. 他在大学时开始喜欢上演戏。‎ ‎ Let’s take up where we left off. 让我们从我们停止的地方继续下去。‎ ‎ No one took up my suggestion. 没人理睬我的建议。‎ ‎ The extra duties took up most of my time. 额外工作占据了我绝大部分时间。‎ 十四、turn ‎ 1. turn away 不准...入内, 走开, 转过脸, 解雇 eg: The cinema was full and many people were turned away. 电影院爆满，许多人被拒之门外。‎ ‎ The worker was turned away by his boss. 那个工人被老板打发走了。‎ 2. turn down 向下折转, 拒绝，调低，关小 eg: He turned down the corner of a page. 他把页角向下折。‎ ‎ The boy wanted to join the basketball team but was turned down. 那个男孩想参加篮球队但被拒绝了。‎ ‎ Turn the radio down at once！ 快把收音机声音关小点！‎ 3. turn into 进入, (使)变成(主要指物质形态、性质等的转变)‎ eg: Water turns into ice when it freezes. 水遇冷结冰。‎ ‎ In fifty years this places has turned from a little village into a large town. 经过五十年，这个地方从一个小村庄变成了大城镇。‎ 4. turn off 关掉, 避开, 使转变方向, 生产, 使厌烦, 变成 eg: He turned off the gas. 他关掉了煤气。‎ ‎ We turned off the freeway at Detroit. 我们在底特律离开高速公路。‎ ‎ I turned off when they started talking about computers. 当他们谈起电脑时，我便厌烦了。‎ 5. turn on 开启, 依赖， 开始 eg: She turned on the water. 她打开了自来水龙头。‎ ‎ The success of the negotiations turns on getting the agreement of the Italian delegation. 谈判的成功倚赖于取得意大利代表团的同意。‎ 6. turn out 打扫, 驱逐, 使外倾, 生产, 起床, 翻出, 制造, 关掉 eg: The boy was turned out of the house by his stepfather. 那男孩被继父赶出家门。‎ ‎ The factory turns out 2,000 bicycles a month. 这工厂一个月生产2000辆自行车。‎ ‎ Please turn out the gas. 请把煤气关上。‎ ‎ The policeman told him to turn out his pockets. 警察叫他把口袋里的东西统统拿出来。‎ ‎ It turns out that this method does not work well. 结果，这种方法效果不佳。‎ 7. turn over 打翻, 反复考虑, 翻身, ‎ eg: She turned over and went to sleep. 她翻过身去睡着了。‎ She turned the problem over in her mind. 她在脑中反复思考这个问题。‎ 8. turn to 翻到，转向, 变成, 求助于, 致力于, 开始行动 eg: Please turn to page 40. 请翻到40页。‎ I just can’t find a person that I can turn to. 我找不到可以求助的人。‎ Some farmers have turned to keeping deer. 一些农场主已经转向养鹿业。‎ 9. turn up 调高，找到, 发现, 出现, 折起, 突然发生 eg: Turn the radio up. I can’t hear it. 把收音机声音调高点，我听不见。‎ ‎ The missing bag turned up, completely empty, in the lake. 丢失的包在湖里找到了，里面空空的。‎ ‎ The police have turned up a lot of new information about the wanted man. 警方发现了许多有关这个通缉犯的新资料。‎ ‎ ‎