北京市密云区2014高考英语阅读理解系列训练29及答案 8页

密云区2019高考英语阅读理解系列训练（29）及答案 社会生活类---（一）[201*·宁夏六校联考] ‎ In 1986，when Carlo Petrini first coined the term “Slow Food，” he organized locally in his native Italy to preserve the food and wine culture and protest fast food.‎ Today, slow food has spread to 132 countries with over 85, 000 members, addressing worldwide issues like farmer equity and environmental_stewardship—the actions people take to respect the rights of all living things and all environments, to contribute to healthy and livablecommunities.‎ Characterized by Slow Food International as “good, clean, and fair food，” slow food must enrich the eaters' life，have no negative impact on human or environmental health，and compensatefairly for food producers' work.‎ The average American meal travels about 1,500 miles to its final destination, with producing of food traveling by plane from overseas and other items shipped across the country.‎ However，cost for food travel and heavy processing are not the only problems in the foodindustry that the environment faces. Industrial agriculture also has unsustainable practices likeinefficient water use and decreased biodiversity. Our ideas in feeding ourselves are exceptional,but at various points our technologies come into conflict with nature's ways of doing things. A great many of the health and environmental problems created by our food system owe to our attempts tooversimplify natures complexities, at both the growing and the eating ends of our food chain.‎ ‎“Slowing” food, by purchasing locally and sustainably, allows consumers to reduce theimpact of “food miles” and develop a closer relationship with their food producers.“ We need tochange our food system，” said David Prior, organizer of Slow Food Nation EatIn. “Our currentfood system is sick and we need to support farmers and agriculture to ensure that everyone has theright to nutritious food.”‎ ‎36．The main idea of the passage can be summarized as________.‎ A．why slow food is so important ‎ B．the food and wine culture is rich in ‎Italy C．what you're eating always travels a long way ‎ D．slow food makes the current food system sick ‎37．According to the second paragraph, “environmental stewardship”refers to________.‎ A．measures of environmental protections B．ways to establish healthy and livable communities C．people's admiration for all the creatures on the earth D．actions to protect the rights of all living things and environment ‎38．Slow food's characteristic doesn't lie in________.‎ A．improving the quality of eaters' life B．providing a fair pay for food workers C．being friendly to human and environmental health ‎ D．developing a loose relationship with food producers ‎39．What is David Prior's attitude towards current food system? ‎ A．Suspicious. B．Unsatisfied. ‎ C．Indifferent. D．Supportive.‎ ‎【要点综述】本文的作者告诉我们，如果想吃得更健康、更营养，那就提倡“慢食物”吧！‎ ‎36．A　主旨大意题。本文主要探讨“慢食物”的重要性，以及“慢食物”给人们带来的好处，故答案选A项。‎ ‎37．D　细节理解题。从第二段中的“environmental stewardship—the actions people take to respect the rights of all living things and all environments”可知，环境管理(environmental stewardship)的内容就是“破折号”后的解释，即“人们尊重所有生物和环境的权利的行动”，故D项正确。‎ ‎38．D　细节理解题。从第三段可知，“慢食物运动”的特色就在于改善饮食者的饮食质量；不对人类健康和环境卫生产生副作用；给食物供应商以合理的报酬。D项则没有提到，故答案选D项。‎ ‎39．B　推理判断题。从最后一段David Prior所说的话可知，他认为当前的食物系统很糟糕，需要改进，所以他的态度应该是不满意的(unsatisfied)。A项表示“怀疑的”；C项表示“漠不关心的”；D项表示“支持的”，都不符合语境。‎ ‎********************************************************结束 ‎2[来源:1]‎ The summer I was ten, my mother decided to bring us to the world of art. My brother and I were not very excited when we realized what my mother meant. What she meant was not that we could take drawing classes or painting classes but that we would have to spend one afternoon a week with her at the Fine‎ Arts ‎Museum. Before each visit to the museum, she made us read about artists and painting styles(风格). It was almost as bad as being in school. Who wants to spend the summer thinking about artists when you could be with your friends at the swimming pool?‎ ‎ First we had to read about ancient Egyptians(古埃及人) and their strange way of painting faces and then go to look at them at the museum. My 12-year-old brother thought this was so funny, but I was not interested. Later we had to learn about artists in the Middle Ages who painted people wearing strange long clothing. We had to look at pictures of fat babies with wings and curly (鬈曲的) hair and with no clothes on flying around the edges of paintings. I certainly couldn't see what was so great about art.‎ ‎ On our last visit to the museum, something happened when I saw a painting by a woman called Mary. In it, a woman was reading to a child. The colors were soft and gentle, and you could tell by the mother' s expression how happy she was just to be with the child. I couldn't stop looking at this painting ! I wanted to see every painting Mary had ever made! It was really worth looking at so many paintings to find a painter who could interest me so much.‎ ‎68. The aim of the mother' s plan was to _________.‎ ‎ A. take them to visit the museum B. introduce them to the world of art[来源:1]‎ ‎ C. ask them to read about artists D. show them different painting styles ‎69. What was the writer' s experience in the museum before the last visit?‎ ‎ A. She came to feel her mother' s love. B. She liked many paintings.‎ ‎ C. She hardly enjoyed herself. D. She could understand the pictures of fat babies.‎ ‎70. What made the writer go through a change that summer?‎ ‎ A. One of Mary's paintings. B. A strange way of painting.[来源:1ZXXK]‎ ‎ C. Artists in the Middle Ages. D. Her mother' s instruction.‎ ‎71. From the text, we can see _________.‎ ‎ A. the importance of curiosity B. the effect of art ‎ C. the value of learning D. the power of family education ‎2. 答案 68.B 69.C 70.A 71.B ‎**********************************************************结束 ‎2.（201*·重庆卷）[来源:1][来源:学&科&网Z&X&X&K]‎ Getting rid of dirt, in the opinion of most people, is a good thing. However, there is nothing fixed about attitudes to dirt.‎ In the early 16th century, people thought that dirt on the skin was a means to block out ‎ disease, as medical opinion had it that washing off dirt with hot water could open up the skin and let ills in. A particular danger was thought to lie in public baths. By 1538, the French king had closed the bath houses in his kingdom. So did the king of England in 1546. Thus began a long time when the rich and the poor in Europe lived with dirt in a friendly way. Henry IV, King of France, was famously dirty. Upon learning that a nobleman had taken a bath, the king ordered that, to avoid the attack of disease, the nobleman should not go out.‎ Though the belief in the merit of dirt was long-lived, dirt has no longer been regarded as a nice neighbor ever since the 18th century. Scientifically speaking, cleaning away dirt is good to health. Clean water supply and hand washing are practical means of preventing disease. Yet, it seems that standards of cleanliness have moved beyond science since World War Ⅱ. Advertisements repeatedly sell the idea: clothes need to be whiter than white, cloths ever softer, surfaces to shine. Has the hate for dirt, however, gone too far?‎ Attitudes to dirt still differ hugely nowadays. Many first-time parents nervously try to warn their children off touching dirt, which might be responsible for the spread of disease.On the contrary, Mary Ruebush, an American immunologist(免疫学家)，encourages children to play in the dirt to build up a strong immune system. And the latter position is gaining some ground.‎ ‎64. The kings of France and England in the 16th century closed bath houses because .‎ A. they lived healthily in a dirty environment.‎ B. they thought bath houses were too dirty to stay in ‎ C. they believed disease could be spread in public baths D. they considered bathing as the cause of skin disease ‎65.Which of the following best describes Henry IV’s attitude to bathing?‎ A. Afraid. B. Curious.‎ C. Approving. D. Uninterested.‎ ‎66. How does the passage mainly develop?‎ A. By providing examples.‎ B. By making comparisons.‎ C. By following the order of time.[来源:学_科_网Z_X_X_K]‎ D. By following the order of importance.‎ ‎67. What is the author’s purpose in writing the passage?‎ A. To stress the role of dirt.‎ B. To introduce the history of dirt.‎ C. To call attention to the danger of dirt.‎ D. To present the change of views on dirt.[来源:学#科#网]‎ ‎【答案】CA CD ‎**************************************************************结束 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的选项（A、B、C、D）中，选出最佳选项。‎ A[来源:Zxxk.Com]‎ ‎ It is obvious that doctors recognize obesity（肥胖） as a health problem. So why is it so hard for them to talk to their patients about it?‎ ‎ The results of two surveys, one of primary care physicians and the other of patients, found that while most doctors want to help patients lose weight and think it is their responsibility to do so, they often don’t know what to say.‎ ‎ “So while doctors may tell patients they are overweight, the conversation often ends there,” said Christine C. Ferguson, director of the Stop Obesity Alliance. “Patients are not told about the possibility of diabetes (a kind of disease),” she said. “And doctors don’t feel they have good information to give. They felt that they didn’t have adequate tools to address this problem.‎ ‎ The lack of dialogue hurts patients, too. The patient survey, of over 1,000 adults, found that most overweight patients don’t even know that they’re too heavy. Only 39 percent of overweight people surveyed had ever been told by a health care provider that they were overweight.‎ Of those who were told they were obese, 90 percent were also told by their doctors to lose weight, the survey found. In fact most have tried to lose weight and may have been successful in the past—and many are still trying, the survey found. And many understand that losing even a small amount of weight can have a positive impact on their health and reduce their risk of obesityrelated diseases like hypertension and diabetes.‎ Dr. William Bestermann Jr., medical director of Holston Medical Group, in Kingsport, Tenn.‎ , which ranks the 10th in obesity among metropolitan areas in the United States, said the dialogue had to be an ongoing one and could not be dropped after just one mention of the problem. “If you’re to be successful with helping your patients lose weight, you have to talk to them at actually every visit about their progress, and find something to encourage them and coach them,” he said.‎ He acknowledged that many doctors tend to be not optimistic.‎ ‎“Part of this is that there's this common belief, and doctors are burdened by it, too, that overweight people are weak-willed and just don’t have any willpower and are selfindulgent and all that business,” he said. “If you think that way, you’re not going to spend time having a productive conversation.”‎ 1. What is the Stop Obesity Alliance most probably in Paragraph 3?‎ A. An organization of doctors specializing in obesity.‎ B. An organization of patients suffering from obesity.‎ C. A research group that conducts special surveys about overweight people.[来源:Zxxk.Com]‎ D. A research group dealing with doctor-patient relationship.‎ 2. How many of the patients surveyed have been advised by their doctors to lose weight?[来源:1ZXXK]‎ A. About 350. B. About 390.‎ C. About 900. D. About 1,000.‎ ‎3. What can be inferred about obesity patients in Paragraph 5?‎ ‎ A. They are not as hopeless as doctors think they are.‎ ‎ B. Most of them have tried hard to lose weight, but in vain.‎ C. Without their doctors’ constant coaching, there is little chance of their succeeding in losing weight.‎ ‎ D. Most of them have just given up their hope of becoming less heavy.‎ ‎4. According to the passage, which factor contributes to the lack of dialogue between doctors and patients?‎ ‎ A. Most doctors just never think of warning their patients about their weight problem.‎ ‎ B. Many doctors find it difficult to persuade overweight people to lose weight[来源:学*科*网Z*X*X*K]‎ ‎ C. Most patients are too weak-willed to do anything about their weight.‎ ‎ D. Many patients tend not to trust their doctors about their weight problem +X+K]‎ ‎5. Which of the following is the best title of the passage?‎ ‎ A. Obesity in the U. S. ‎ B. Trouble of overweight Americans.‎ ‎ C. Talk more, help better. [来源:Zxxk.Com]‎ D. Doctors or patients-who to bear more blame?[来源:1]‎ 参考答案 BAABC ‎ ‎************************************************************结束 ‎（201*·湖北卷）‎ Which are you more likely to have wath you at sny given mement—your cell phone or your wallet? Soon you may be able to throw your wallet away and pay for things with a quick wave of your smart phone over an electroue scannet.[来源:Zxxk.Com]‎ In January, Starbucks announced that customers could start using their phones to buy coffee in 6,800 of its states. This is the first pay by phone practice in the U.S.‎, but we’re likely to see more witeless payment alternatives as something called ucar field communcation(NFC)GETS IN TO America’s consumet electanies. Last Deccmbet some new smart phanes which cantain an NFC chip were introduced to the midlit.‎ Already in use in part of Asia and Europe, NFCtheir plan a few incees live a payment tetminal a one a few ptaht need to be worked out, like who will get to collect the profitable trunsacian(交易)fees. Although some credit card providers have been experimenting with wave and pay systems that use NFC enabled credit cards, cellphone service providers truay try to mused their way into the point of sale (POS)market. Three big gellphone service providers have formed a joinf tenture(合资企业)that will go into opention over the next i15 months. Its goal is“to lead the U.S. payments industry from cards to mobile phone.”‎ The other big NFC sue, apart from how paymeats will be processed, is security, For instance, what’s to stop a thief from digitally pickpocketing you? “We’re still not at the point where an attacker can just brush against yee in a crowd and steal all the money out of your phone,”says Jimmy Shah. A mobile security rescarcher, “Usera may also be able to set transaction timeits,requiring a password to be enteced for larger putchases.‎ Bus siness? Keep in mund you lost your smart phone, it can be located on a located on a map and remotely ned Plus, your phone can be password protected, Your wallet isn’t.‎ ‎67.What is predicted to happen in the U.S.‎?‎ A.The expansion of cellphone companices.‎ B. The boom of pay by phone business.‎ C. The dissppearanceof credit cards.‎ D. The increase of Starbucks sales.s ‎68.The NFC technology can be used to________.‎ A. ensure the safety of shoppers B. collect transaction fees easily C. make purchase faster and smpler D. improve the quality of cellphones ‎69.Three cellphone service providers form a joint venture to__________.‎ A. strengthen their relationship B .get a share in the payments industry C .sell more cellphones D. test the NFC teehnoingy ‎70.According to the what can users do if they lose their smart phones?‎ A. Stop the luneting of niet phones.‎ B .Stop a passwant.‎ C .Cat all the money out of their phones.‎ D. Can large purchases.‎ ‎【答案】BCBA[来源:1]‎ ‎*******************************************************结束