高考英语一轮复习语言知识运用训练五 13页

语言知识运用（五）‎ 完形填空 ‎(2019·百校联盟高三联考)I was touched, so much. A while back, my three－year－old son and I settled back for his goodnight __1__. We lay down in his little bed and he said, “Daddy, when I get big can I live with you? ” I __2__ him he could live with me any time he wanted to.‎ A moment later he said, “When you die you're going to feel __3__ on your face and it will be me touching you.” Then he __4__， “I will kiss you.” He moved over, kissed me. I was aware of tears suddenly welling up in my eyes. I didn't want to explain __5__ I was crying; as I opened my eyes to look at him, he was already __6__．‎ I spent some time looking at him, __7__ the minute and wondering about the depth of the __8__ I'd had. It occurred to me that I didn't remember having much of this kind of __9__ time with my father, and that this was a time that would be __10__ short－lived. This time of __11__ that forms a three－year－old's life, would soon be __12__. What will remain, however, will be the __13__ of this short while reoccurring in my mind non－stop. It made all of the difficult __14__ of being a father worthwhile.‎ Sometimes, being a committed father can feel like you're __15__ the doorkeeper, driver, and __16__ in the house. Then you will have “a __17__”， one like this in which your child expresses absolute, pure, and __18__ love for you.‎ When your kids have __19__ home and you look back at these years, all of these will be strung together to __20__ the memories of their lives with you.‎ ‎1. A. manner B. process C. routine D. service ‎2. A. warned B. reminded C. assured D. convinced ‎3. A. something B. anything C. nothing D. everything ‎4. A. admitted B. promised C. shouted D. concluded ‎5. A. how B. why C. whether D. when ‎6. A. silent B. upset C. asleep D. calm ‎7. A. enjoying B. searching C. checking D. expecting ‎8. A. sight B. idea C. feeling D. view ‎9. A. gentle B. historic C. magical D. simple ‎10. A. possibly B. originally C. extremely D. frequently ‎11. A. cleverness B. truth C. innocence D. care ‎12. A. valued B. shaped C. changed D. gone ‎13. A. effect B. scene C. result D. mark ‎14. A. work B. dream C. reality D. career ‎15. A. just B. even C. still D. also ‎16. A. teacher B. waiter C. cleaner D. customer ‎17. A. record B. course C. period D. moment ‎18. A. unconditional B. insignificant C. sufficient D. inaccessible ‎19. A. missed B. organized C. left D. returned ‎20. A. make up B. contribute to C. consist of D. count on 答案与解析 ‎【文章大意】　本文讲述了“我”与孩子在一起度过的美好时刻，这些温馨时刻会组成美好的回忆。‎ ‎1. 答案　C 解析　根据空前的“his goodnight”和空后的“We lay down in his little ‎ bed”以及常识可知，此处指父亲给儿子睡前道晚安这一惯例(routine)。‎ ‎2. 答案　C 解析　此处指作者向儿子保证(assured) 只要他想，他随时可以和作者住在一起。‎ ‎3. 答案　A 解析　根据“it will be me touching you”可知，这里表示有某种不确定的东西，所以用something。‎ ‎4. 答案　B 解析　根据语境可知，此处指作者的儿子向自己承诺(promised) 道，“我会吻你”。‎ ‎5. 答案　B 解析　作者意识到自己突然热泪盈眶，但是不想解释自己为什么(why) 哭了。此处why引导宾语从句，表示原因。‎ ‎6. 答案　C 解析　根据语境可知，这里指当作者睁开眼看他时，他已经睡着(asleep) 了。‎ ‎7. 答案　A 解析　此处指作者看了他一会儿，享受这个时刻，故用enjoying强调这个时刻的美好。‎ ‎8. 答案　C 解析　此处指“我惊讶于刚刚的感受之深刻”。儿子说出那些话，作者会很有感触，故用feeling。‎ ‎9. 答案　A 解析　作者刚刚和儿子在一起的那一幕是温馨的，作者不记得自己和父亲曾有过这样温馨的时刻。gentle“温柔的”。‎ ‎10. 答案　C 解析　由下文的“short－lived” “would soon be” “short while”可知，作者认为这样的时刻极其短暂。extremely“极度，极其”。‎ ‎11. 答案　C 解析　此处指三岁孩童生命中的这种天真(innocence) 将会很快消失(gone)。‎ ‎12. 答案　D 解析　参见上题解析。“short－lived”和“forms a three－year－old's life ... this short while”亦是提示。‎ ‎13. 答案　B 解析　此处指“然而，留下的将会是不断浮现在作者的脑海中的这一短暂时刻的画面”。scene“景象”，符合语境。‎ ‎14. 答案　A 解析　此处指和孩子在一起度过的美好时刻让作为父亲所做的所有困难的工作(work)‎ ‎ 都变得值得了。‎ ‎15. 答案　A 解析　有时候做一个尽心尽力的父亲会让你觉得自己只是(just) 家里的看门人、司机和清洁工。‎ ‎16. 答案　C 解析　参见上题解析。根据空前的“doorkeeper, driver”和空后的“in the house”可知，此处选cleaner。‎ ‎17. 答案　D 解析　此处指“然后，你会碰到这样一个时刻”。这里用moment和上文作者与儿子之间的温馨时刻呼应。‎ ‎18. 答案　A 解析　在这一刻，你的孩子向你表达绝对的、纯粹的和无条件的爱。从“absolute, pure”可看出应用unconditional“无条件的”与之并列。‎ ‎19. 答案　C 解析　根据下文的“look back at these years” “the memories of their lives with you”可知，这里指孩子长大后离开(left) 家。‎ ‎20. 答案　A 解析　所有和孩子在一起的这些温馨时刻会串在一起，组成(make up) 美好的回忆。‎ 完形填空 ‎(2019·长春市普通高中高三质量监测四)‎ Honesty is always the best policy，especially when it comes to mental health problems.In a TV __1__，one girl gets very real about dealing with anxiety and panic.‎ ‎“I was the best student in my high school.I put so much __2__ on myself，” she said.“I never __3__ a class.But I got sick during 10th grade and I started to __4__.That was when the panic attacks began.”She goes on to describe what a panic attack __5__ like，“One day the teacher handed me my grade __6__，and I couldn't breathe.My heart was beating very __7__.I felt disconnected.I saw people trying to talk to me but I couldn't hear them.Afterwards，I was sent to __8__，”she shared.‎ It was then __9__ the attacks started happening __10__ daily，and they haven't stopped.“Last year I started college.And I can't be the best student here no matter how hard I try，”she said.“Everyone is so __11__.My panic attacks got so bad that I had to __12__ my first semester.”‎ However，now she is facing her anxiety，and things are getting better.“I used to try to hide __13__.I thought that __14__ nobody knew，it would not exist，”she said.“But the more I talk about my __15__，the more I realize that other people experience __16__ things.So I'm trying to express it more.I had a great teacher __17__ told me，‘Instead of letting anxiety keep you from doing your art，let it be the thing that __18__ your art.’”‎ Recently，women all over the world took to Twitter to __19__ what anxiety is like.We are __20__ alone.‎ ‎1．A.project B．program C．platform D．station ‎2．A.weight B．height C．pressure D．measure ‎3．A.joined B．succeeded C．failed D．attended ‎4．A.fall behind B．fall down C．leave behind D．leave alone ‎5．A.looks B．sounds C．tastes D．feels ‎6．A.report B．survey C．research D．notice ‎7．A.mildly B．wildly C．slowly D．severely ‎8．A.school B．work C．hospital D．home ‎9．A.when B．since C．before D．that ‎10．A.still B．always C．merely D．almost ‎11．A.ambitious B．anxious C．talented D．experienced ‎12．A.arrange B．perform C．operate D．cancel ‎13．A.it B．them C．me D．us ‎14．A.unless B．if C．while D．as ‎15．A.confidence B．dream C．issue D．desire ‎16．A.similar B．familiar C．various D．serious ‎17．A.who B．whom C．whose D．which ‎18．A.abandons B．quits C．motivates D．protests ‎ ‎19．A.advertise B．advise C．share D．compare ‎20．A.always B．sometimes C．seldom D．never ‎【解题导语】本文是一篇夹叙夹议文。一个女孩分享了她曾经的焦虑经历，后来，她勇敢面对焦虑，情况得以好转。作者借这个事例说明直面困难、坦诚问题往往是解决心理健康问题的良策。‎ ‎【核心词汇】deal with处理，应付 ‎ panic n．恐慌，惊恐　v．使恐慌 ‎ policy n．政策，策略，保险单 ‎ disconnected adj.分离的，断开的，不连贯的，无关联的 ‎ semester n．半学年，一学期 ‎1．B　根据“In a TV __1__，one girl gets very real about dealing with anxiety and panic”可知，在一个电视节目(program)中，一个女孩坦诚地分享了她克服焦虑和惊恐的经历，故B项正确。A项意为“项目”；C项意为“平台”；D项意为“站”，都与语境不符。‎ ‎2．C　根据前一句“I was the best student in my high school”，再结合该句“I put so much __2__ on myself”可知，该句是说，在学校里这个女孩是一位优等生，她自己给自己施加了很多压力。C项意为“压力”，符合语境，故C项正确。A项意为“体重”；B项意为“身高”；D项意为“度量单位”，都与语境不符。‎ ‎3．C　根据上文，再结合该句“I never __3__ a class”可知，这个女孩从没有考试不及格过；C项意为“不及格”，符合语境，故C项正确。A项意为“加入”；B项意为“成功”；D项意为“参加”。‎ ‎4．A　根据上下文可知，在十年级时这个女孩生病了，成绩开始落后；A项意为“落后”，符合语境，故A项正确。B项意为“不实，不能令人满意”；C项意为“留下，遗留”；D项意为“不打扰”。‎ ‎5．D　根据空处前后句可知，这个女孩是在描述焦虑症发作时的感觉。feel like为固定搭配，意为“感觉像是……”，符合语境，故D项正确。‎ ‎6．A　根据该句中“One day the teacher handed me my grade __6__，and I couldn't breathe”可知，老师将成绩单交给了这个女孩；表示“成绩单”用“grade report”，故A项正确。‎ ‎7．B　根据后一句“I felt disconnected”可以判断，这个女孩看到了她的成绩单后感觉无法呼吸，心脏疯狂地(wildly)跳动，故B项正确。A项意为“温和地”；C项意为“缓慢地”；D项意为“严格地”。‎ ‎8．C　参见上题解析并结合该句“Afterwards，I was sent to __8__”可以判断，最后，这个女孩被送往医院。故C项正确。‎ ‎9．D　根据该句“It was then __9__ the attacks started happening __10__ daily，and they haven't stopped”可知，该句使用了强调句型，被强调的部分是then，故用that引导句中的其他部分，故D项正确。‎ ‎10．D　根据空处所在句可知，从那时起焦虑几乎每天发生，没有停止过。D项意为“几乎”，符合语境，故D项正确。‎ ‎11．C　根据空处前一句可知，在大学里，无论这个女孩怎么努力都无法成为最好的学生；结合该句“Everyone is so __11__”可知，每个人都有天赋；C项意为“有天赋的”，符合语境，故C项正确。‎ ‎12．D　根据该句“My panic attacks got so bad that I had to __12__ my first semester”可知，这个女孩的焦虑症变得如此严重，她不得不休学。D项意为“取消”，符合语境，故D项正确。‎ ‎13．A　根据空处前后句可知，空处指代前一句的“anxiety”，后一句中的“it would not exist”也是提示。故此处用it。‎ ‎14．B　根据语境可知，空处引导条件状语从句，故此处用if。‎ ‎15．C　根据上下文可知，空处是指这个女孩的焦虑问题。C项意为“问题”，符合语境，故C项正确。A项意为“信心”；B项意为“梦想”；D项意为“渴望”。‎ ‎16．A　根据上下文可知，此处是指这个女孩对她的问题谈得越多，她就越意识到其他人也经历过相似的事情。文章的最后一段也是提示。故A项正确。‎ ‎17．A　分析该句结构可知，该句为定语从句，先行词为“a great teacher”，在从句中作主语，故用who引导该定语从句。‎ ‎18．C　根据语境可知，空处应用与“keep you from doing your ‎ art”意义相反的一个动词。C项意为“激励”，符合语境，故C项正确。A项意为“放弃”；B项意为“停止”；D项意为“反对”。‎ ‎19．C　根据该句“Recently，women all over the world took to Twitter to __19__ what anxiety is like”可知，最近，世界各地的女性都在推特上分享了焦虑的经历。C项意为“分享”，符合语境，故C项正确。‎ ‎20．D　参见上题解析，再结合该句“We are __20__ alone”可知，焦虑者不是孤独的，故用否定词never。‎ 语法填空 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。‎ Qianlong Emperor of the Qing Dynasty fell interested in the local drama during his tour of Southern China. __1__(celebrate) his 80th birthday in 1790, he gathered opera troupes (剧团) from different areas around China to perform for him in Beijing. __2__ the celebration came to an end, four famous troupes from Anhui‎ ‎Province __3__(ask) to stay, for audiences were particularly satisfied with their great performances, __4__(color) clothes and interesting facial makeup.‎ ‎__5__(gradual), it replaced Kunqu Opera that had been popular in the palace and among the upper ranks in Beijing. Later, some troupes from Hubei Province came to Beijing and often performed together with the Anhui troupes. The two types of singing combined on __6__ same stage and finally gave birth to a new type which was known as Beijing Opera.‎ Beijing Opera absorbed various __7__(characteristic) of its forerunners, such as singing and dancing, and adapted itself in language and style of singing to cater __8__ Beijing audiences' tastes. As time goes by, its __9__(popular) has spread all over the country, with it __10__(become) the most popular drama in China.‎ 答案与解析 ‎【文章大意】　本文是一篇说明文，介绍了京剧的由来及发展。‎ ‎1. 答案　To celebrate 解析　考查非谓语动词。此处表示“为了庆祝他80岁的生日”，故空处应用动词不定式在句中作目的状语。‎ ‎2. 答案　After/When 解析　考查状语从句。庆祝活动结束后/当庆祝活动结束时，四个安徽省的著名剧团被要求留了下来。根据语境并分析句子结构可知，此处可用after“在……之后”或者when“当……时”引导时间状语从句。‎ ‎3. 答案　were asked 解析　考查时态、语态和主谓一致。此处是在陈述发生在过去的事情，应用一般过去时；troupes与ask之间是被动关系，应用被动语态；又因句子的主语是four famous troupes，谓语动词应用复数形式。故填were asked。‎ ‎4. 答案　colorful 解析　考查形容词。根据空后的名词“clothes”可知，空处应填形容词colorful“颜色鲜艳的；五彩缤纷的”。‎ ‎5. 答案　Gradually 解析　考查副词。渐渐地，它取代了在北京的皇宫和上层阶级中盛行的昆曲。此处应用副词Gradually“逐渐地；渐渐地”在句中作状语，修饰整个句子。‎ ‎6. 答案　the 解析　考查冠词。此处表示“在同样的舞台上”。same在此处作形容词，通常和定冠词the连用，表示“同样的；相同的”。‎ ‎7. 答案　characteristics 解析　考查名词复数。京剧吸收了其先驱的各种特点。根据空前的“various”及characteristic“特点；特征”为可数名词可知，此处应用可数名词的复数形式。‎ ‎8. 答案　to/for 解析　考查介词。京剧在演唱语言和风格方面作出改变，以迎合北京观众的口味。cater to/for sb./sth.为固定搭配，意为“迎合/适合某人/某物”。‎ ‎9. 答案　popularity 解析　考查名词。随着时间的推移，京剧在全国各地受到欢迎，成为中国最受欢迎的戏剧。根据空前的“its”和空处在句中作主语可知，空处应用名词popularity“受欢迎；流行”。‎ ‎10. 答案　becoming 解析　考查非谓语动词。become与其逻辑主语it之间为主谓关系，故空处应用现在分词在句中作宾补。‎ 语法填空 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。‎ Watermelon is considered a vine－like flowering plant that is actually native to Southern Africa, __1__ the wild varieties are in the greatest __2__(abundant), ranging from super sweet to bitter, and varying in size as well. They moved north to Egypt, and __3__(plant) in the Nile River Valley, and eventually moved east into China, roughly 1，000 years ago. Now, watermelon is grown around the world. It is __4__(specific) selected to grow larger and juicy, __5__(result) in the huge fruit that many of us are familiar with. The green outer skin is hard and fleshy, and rarely eaten, while the inner part is soft, red or pink flesh containing many seeds; this ‎ is the part of watermelon which is typically eaten.‎ Watermelon is __6__(effect) in reducing both your body temperature and blood pressure. Many people in tropical __7__(region) eat this fruit every day in the afternoon during summer to protect themselves from heatstroke. In India, you will find __8__ being sold in almost every street during the summer season. The high amount of water __9__ (contain) in watermelon also causes a release of excess (多余的) liquid __10__ the form of sweat, which cools your body further during hot summer days.‎ 答案与解析 ‎【文章大意】　本文是一篇说明文，介绍西瓜的特点、种植历史及食用价值。‎ ‎1. 答案　where 解析　考查定语从句。事实上，西瓜原产于非洲南部，在那里，野生的西瓜种类非常丰富。分析句子结构可知，空处在此引导非限制性定语从句，且在从句中作地点状语，先行词是Southern Africa，故填where。‎ ‎2. 答案　abundance 解析　考查名词。根据空前的“are in the greatest”可知，此处应填名词。abundance“充裕；丰富”。‎ ‎3. 答案　were planted 解析　考查动词的时态和语态。根据句中的时间状语“roughly 1，000 years ago”可知，此处描述发生在过去的事情，应用一般过去时；且They与plant之间是被动关系，应用被动语态。故填were planted。‎ ‎4. 答案　specifically 解析　考查副词。应用副词修饰动词。specifically“特定地；专门地”。‎ ‎5. 答案　resulting 解析　考查非谓语动词。分析句子结构可知，result与其逻辑主语之间是主谓关系，故此处应用现在分词作结果状语。‎ ‎6. 答案　effective 解析　考查形容词。西瓜在降低体温和血压方面很有效。空处在句中作表语，故填形容词effective“产生预期结果的；有效的”。‎ ‎7. 答案　regions 解析　考查名词复数。热带地区的许多人在夏季的每天下午都吃西瓜。region“地区；区域”是可数名词，且其前无限定词修饰，故应用其复数形式。‎ ‎8. 答案　it 解析　考查代词。在印度，你会发现在夏季几乎每条街道上都有人在卖西瓜。空处指代上文中的“this fruit”，故填it。‎ ‎9. 答案　contained 解析　考查非谓语动词。西瓜中含有的大量水分也能促使你的身体以汗的形式排出体内多余的液体。contain与其逻辑主语The high amount of water之间是动宾关系，故应用过去分词作后置定语。‎ ‎10. 答案　in 解析　考查介词。in the form of“以……的形式”，是固定用法。‎ 短文改错 ‎(2019·湖北省武汉市高中毕业生调研测试)‎ How time flies！I had hardly had time to enjoy the warmth of my home while it's time go back to school.This winter I spend ten days studying maths，chemistry and physics，none of which was easily for me.‎ And I still had some fun during the Spring Festival.I had attended my uncle's wedding and my new aunt was very beautiful.To my disappoint，I didn't get many lucky money as I had expected.I also went to the cinema with several classmates.We played jokes on each other and had a big meal in a restaurant calling“Red Lobster”．The food there was very delicious and we all really enjoyed myself.‎ ‎【答案】‎ How time flies！I had hardly had time to enjoy the warmth of my home it's time go back to school.This winter I ten days studying maths，chemistry and physics，none of which was for me.‎ I still had some fun during the Spring Festival.I attended my uncle's wedding and my new aunt was very beautiful.To my ，I didn't get lucky money as I had expected.I also went to the cinema with several classmates.We played jokes on each other and had a big meal in a restaurant “Red Lobster”．The food there was very delicious and we all really enjoyed .‎ 第一处：while改为when。考查状语从句的引导词。分析句子结构可知，该句用了“hardly...when...”句型。‎ 第二处：在time后加to。考查动词不定式。it is/was time to do sth.为固定句型，意为“该做某事的时候到了”。‎ 第三处：spend改为spent。考查动词的时态。根据该句中的时间状语“This winter”可知，该句陈述的是过去发生的事情，故用一般过去时。‎ 第四处：easily改为easy。考查形容词。根据该句中的系动词was可知，该处应当用形容词作表语。‎ 第五处：And改为But。考查连词。上文陈述寒假我花了很多时间学习数学、物理和化学，但没有一门对于我来说是简单的；该句陈述在春节期间仍然玩得很开心。据此可知，此处表示转折关系。‎ 第六处：删除had。考查动词时态。此处描述过去发生的事情，应用一般过去时。‎ 第七处：disappoint改为disappointment。考查名词。to one's disappointment 为固定搭配，意为“令某人失望的是……”。‎ 第八处：many改为much。money为不可数名词，应当用much修饰；many修饰可数名词。‎ 第九处：calling改为called。考查过去分词。名词restaurant和动词call之间为动宾关系，该处意为“一家被称为‘Red Lobster’的饭店”，故用过去分词作后置定语。‎ 第十处：myself改为ourselves。考查反身代词。根据该句主语we可知，应用ourselves。‎ 短文改错 ‎(2019·潍坊高考模拟)‎ Last weekend，I went to visit my English teacher，who was already in his fifty, He gives me a lot of help when I was a junior middle school student.Delighting to see me，he asked my senior middle school life.Then he advised me to make fully preparations for the coming entrance examination.It was so a pleasure to see him again that I didn't notice it was pretty later.I had to say goodbye to each other.‎ He is not only a good teacher but my close friend.Wherever I will go，I will always treasure a time that I spent with my teacher.‎ ‎【答案】‎ Last weekend，I went to visit my English teacher，who was already in his ， He me a lot of help when I was a junior middle school student. to see me，he asked my senior middle school life.Then he advised me to make preparations for the coming entrance examination.It was a pleasure to see him again that I didn't notice it was pretty . had to say goodbye to each other.‎ He is not only a good teacher but my close friend.Wherever I go，I will ‎ always treasure time that I spent with my teacher.‎ 第一处：考查固定搭配。in one's fifties为固定搭配，意为“在某人五十多岁时”。‎ 第二处：考查动词的时态。根据该句中的“when I was a junior middle school student”可知，该处陈述的是过去发生的事情，故用一般过去时。‎ 第三处：考查形容词。根据该句主语“he”可知，该处形容人“很高兴”，故用Delighted；delighting意为“令人高兴的”，形容事物。‎ 第四处：考查介词。句意为：……他询问了我高中生活的相关情况。ask about意为“询问关于……”，符合语境。‎ 第五处：考查形容词。make full preparations for为固定搭配，意为“为……做好充分准备”preparation为名词，应用形容词full修饰。‎ 第六处：考查固定搭配。该句是说，再次看到他让“我”如此高兴以至于没有注意到时间已经很晚了。“a pleasure”为名词短语，故用such修饰；so修饰形容词或副词。‎ 第七处：考查形容词。句意为：再次看到他让我如此高兴以至于没有注意到时间已经很晚了。该处不构成比较关系，故用形容词原级。‎ 第八处：考查人称代词。根据该句中“say goodbye to each other”可知，“我们”不得不互说再见。故主语用We。注意首字母大写。‎ 第九处：考查动词的时态。该句主句用了一般将来时，根据句意可知，从句应用一般现在时。‎ 第十处：考查冠词。根据该句中的“that I spent with my teacher”可知，该处特指“我”和老师在一起的时间，故用定冠词the。‎