2019高考英语人教一轮预热自练巩固题必修1U1及答案 8页

‎2019高考英语（人教）一轮预热自练巩固题必修1U1及答案 ‎***阅读理解 My mother has always lived by some simple rules:Go to church every Sunday,help people in need,and don’t worry about unchangeable things.These simple rules have allowed her to live a content life,and in doing so,she sets an example for her children to follow.However,I had broken all of these rules by the time I set off for college.‎ ‎    It was September,and I should have been ecstatic as I stood on my college campus saying goodbye to my parents and embarking my new independent life.However,I was just quietly crying.I had never been away from home without family.My mom hugged me,“Little girl,we’ll come back to get you next weekend and you can come home for a visit!”‎ ‎    My homesickness made my freshman year in college difficult,and I comforted myself by throwing myself into my academics.I spent all my time studying,including weekends when everyone else attended parties.I had always been a good student.I would not settle anything but an A,and when I got a 4.0 my first semester,a friend said to me,“That’s great,but you can only go down from there!” Suddenly,I was more driven than ever.‎ ‎    My mom was worried about my social life.She was happy that I got good grades but had always told me there was more to life.What about faith?What about helping others?She encouraged me to go to church.She believed that weekly attendance was the answer to my pathetic social situation.‎ ‎    Sometimes,I find myself being critical (批评的) of my mother’s simple ways.It’s difficult with busy schedules to go to church every Sunday.And while I admire my mom’s ability to help anyone in need,I complain that I do not have as much time as I wish to follow her example.Her simple rules have served her well,and though I don’t follow them as much as I should,they are there like a beacon(灯塔),calling for me to follow.‎ ‎1.The underlined word “ecstatic” in Paragraph 2 probably means____. A.teary B.excited C.homesick D.sad 2.What can we infer from the third ‎ paragraph? A.The author didn’t like any social activities. B.The author was angry with what her friend said. C.The author had a difficult time learning in college. D.The author couldn’t adapt to university life at first. 3.What is the author’s opinion about her mother’s life rules? A.She values the rules because they are guiding in her life. B.She ignores the rules because they are meaningless to her. C.She supports the rules because they are suitable for her. D.She disapproves the rules because they are difficult to follow.‎ 参考答案： 1.B; 2.D; 3.A 解析： ‎ 作者母亲的生活法则虽然简单,但却蕴含人生智慧,就像灯塔,指引作者在人生道路上前进。‎ ‎1.B 词义猜测题。由本句后面表示转折的“However,I was just quietly crying.”可知,ecstatic应与crying所表达的情绪相反,意为“兴奋的”,故选B项。‎ ‎2.D 推理判断题。由第三段,特别是第一句“My homesickness made my freshman year in college difficult,and I comforted myself by throwing myself into my academics.”可推断,作者由于想家,大一只能通过不断的学习来安慰自己,故在大学一开始,作者不能很好地适应大学生活,故选D项。‎ ‎3.A 细节理解题。由最后一段的最后一句 “Her simple rules have served her well,and though I don’t follow them as much as I should,they are there like a beacon,calling for me to follow.”可知,作者虽然不能完全遵守母亲的生活法则,但它们会像灯塔一样不断指引作者,故选A项。‎ ‎***语法填空 My interest in Chinese food started years ago, when I was a young reporter for the Washington Post. Our office wasn't far from Chinatown, __1__ I found some very good Chinese restaurants.‎ That was the first time that I __2__ (notice) the fresh taste of the meat and vegetables of Chinese food.‎ When I learned more about the food, I began to understand why __3__ has this special feature.‎ Many years ago, China had __4__ energy crisis because it lost much of its wood due to overpopulation and poor management of its forests. This __5__ (lose) was very bad for the country, of course, but it turned out to be very good for the food. Wood became very expensive and hard to get, so the Chinese had to either find a substitute for their __6__ (value) wood, or ‎ learn how to use it better. There weren't any substitutes, so people found ways to economize.‎ In order to economize in cooking, they had to use very little wood. So they started cutting their meat and vegetables __7__ small pieces before they put them in the hot oil. That way, the food cooked __8__ (fast) and they saved more fuel. The food __9__ (prepare) in this way kept its fresh flavor—and it's this flavor __10__ attracts people from other countries to the art of Chinese cooking.‎ ‎1．________　2.________　3.________　4.________　5.________　‎ ‎6.________　7.________　8.________　9.________　10.________‎ 篇章导读：本文是一篇说明文。这篇文章主要讲述了中国食物美味的原因。在很多年前，由于中国的木柴缺乏，人们为了节约木柴，就把食物切成小块烹饪，食物很快就熟了，而且保持了鲜美的味道。‎ ‎1．where　考查定语从句的引导词。分析句子成分可知，设空处所填词引导定语从句，补充说明先行词Chinatown，关系词在非限制性定语从句中作状语，表示地点，故填where。‎ ‎2．had noticed　考查动词的时态。在“It/This/That be the＋序数词＋time＋that ...”句型中，若前面的be动词是一般过去时，that从句使用过去完成时，故填had noticed。‎ ‎3．it　考查代词。此处it代指前面的the food，故填it。‎ ‎4．an　考查冠词。表示“一”的概念时需用不定冠词，因为energy的发音以元音音素开头，故填an。句意：很多年前，中国有一次能源危机。‎ ‎5．loss　考查词性转换。分析句子成分可知，was是谓语部分，此处应用名词形式作主语，故填loss。‎ ‎6．valuable　考查词性转换。根据空后的名词wood可知，此处应用形容词修饰名词，故填valuable。‎ ‎7．into　考查介词。cut ... into ... 是固定搭配，意为“把……切成……”，故填into。‎ ‎8．faster　考查副词的比较级。根据后面的more可知，此处应用fast的比较级，故填faster。‎ ‎9．prepared　考查非谓语动词。此处是过去分词作后置定语，表被动，修饰名词food，故填prepared。‎ ‎10．that　考查强调句型。此句去掉it's和设空处后，仍是一个完整的句子，所以是强调句型，且被强调部分是this flavor，故填that。‎ ‎***完形填空 阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可能填入空白处的最佳选项。‎ ‎(2019·长郡中学新高三实验班选拔考试)‎ When I was young，I thought that kindness was a beneficial thing.I __1__ that I could just give what I thought others __2__ and I would get a one way ticket to Happyville (快乐小镇). This ‎ thought process was __3__ changed when I suffered from clinical depression. __4__ became obvious that what I needed，as everyone did，was just the __5__ to love oneself. Apart from that，I had to learn how to make deeper and more meaningful connections __6__ people.‎ My struggle with mental health was something that __7__ into a campaign to let every single person know that they __8__ and couldn't be replaced.At high school，it could be __9__ to convey this idea，but I __10__ pursued my passions (激情). The __11__ of my effort were the habits and traditions I had created to help __12__：Every Friday，I went to school with homework treats and __13__ them to those who seemed to need a pickmeup.I tried to __14__ as many names as I possibly could.I had started a club which gave students a __15__ place to express themselves and learn __16__ to apply empathy(同感，共鸣) in their everyday lives. On my personal social media account, I posted weekly __17__ to inspire both myself and my friends.‎ When I go off the college this year，I'll be working towards a degree in college.This will help me start a nonprofit foundation in the future.My __18__ goal is to prove that the world is not a collection of __19__ problems，but something that can be changed by even the __20__ actions.‎ ‎1．A.wondered B．figured C．doubted D．predicted ‎2．A.wanted B．ignored C．lost D．ordered ‎3．A.unfortunately B．totally C．regularly D．accurately ‎4．A.It B．They C．He D．This ‎5．A.ability B．desire C．belief D．reason ‎6．A.for B．with C．from D．about ‎7．A.fell B．divided C．broke D．turned ‎8．A.mattered B．existed C．survived D．succeeded ‎9．A.difficult B．funny C．different D．perfect ‎10．A.casually B．briefly C．firmly D．surely ‎11．A.difficulty B．purpose C．fruits D．method ‎12．A.strangers B．teenagers C．friends D．families ‎13．A.led B．lent C．passed D．limited ‎14．A.write B．memorize C．prepare D．recall ‎15．A.quiet B．important C．large D．safe ‎16．A.how B．what C．where D．when ‎17．A.discussions B．suggestions C．experience D．theories ‎18．A.final B．primary C．simple D．grand ‎19．A.complex B．unsolvable C．unknown D．terrible ‎20．A.latest B．laziest C．slowest D．smallest ‎【解题导语】本文是一篇夹叙夹议文。作者与抑郁症作斗争的经历使他转变了思想，并用实际行动来帮助青少年和朋友们。他告诉大家，每个人都同样重要并且不可替代。因此我们必须做出行动，因为即使是最小的行动都可以产生影响。‎ ‎1．B　考查动词辨析。句意为：我以为只要我能给予别人我认为他们想要的东西，我就能得到一张去快乐小镇的单程票。A项意为“想知道”；B项意为“认为，以为”；C项意为“怀疑”；D项意为“预测”。短文第一句说明了作者小时候的想法，即作者认为善良是一件有益的事情，然后接着详细地解释他的想法。B项符合语境。故选B。‎ ‎2．A　考查动词辨析。A项意为“想要”；B项意为“忽视”；C项意为“丢失”；D项意为“命令，订购”。此处指作者认为给予别人他认为别人需要的东西，他就会快乐。A项符合语境。故选A。‎ ‎3．B　考查副词辨析。A项意为“不幸地”；B项意为“完全地”；C项意为“定期地”；D项意为“准确地”。由下文可知，因为作者的临床抑郁症，作者以前给予别人想要的东西的想法变成了努力用他的想法去影响别人，改变别人，所以此处表达的是“这个思维过程完全变了”。B项符合语境。故选B。‎ ‎4．A　考查代词辨析。此处为句型“It ‎ becomes/became＋adj.＋that从句”，代词it为形式主语，that引导的从句为真正的主语。故选A。‎ ‎5．A　考查名词辨析。A项意为“能力”；B项意为“渴望”；C项意为“信念”；D项意为“理由”。ability to do sth.表示“做某件事的能力”，根据语境可知，作者所需要的和每个人所需要的一样，就是爱自己的能力。A项符合语境。故选A。‎ ‎6．B　考查介词辨析。句意为：除了这一点，我必须学会如何与人们建立更深、更有意义的联系。make connection with...是固定短语，表示“与……建立联系”。故选B。‎ ‎7．D　考查动词短语辨析。各选项所给动词均可与介词into构成固定搭配：fall into意为“跌入”；divide into意为“分成”；break into意为“闯入”；turn into意为“变成”。由上文可知，作者的思维过程改变了，产生了新的想法，因此作者表达的是他在心理健康方面的挣扎变成了一场运动。turn into符合语境。故选D。‎ ‎8．A　考查动词辨析。A项意为“重要，有关系”；B项意为“存在”；C项意为“幸存”；D项意为“成功”。根据空格后面的“and couldn’t be replaced”可推知，此处表达的是“让每个人都知道他们很重要，无法被替代”。A项符合语境。故选A。‎ ‎9．A　考查形容词辨析。A项意为“困难的”；B项意为“滑稽的”；C项意为“不同的”；D项意为“完美的”。由转折连词but和第二个分句的内容可知，此处指的是“在高中，很难传递这个想法”。A项符合语境。故选A。‎ ‎10．C　考查副词辨析。A项意为“随意地”；B项意为“简短地”；C项意为“坚定地”；D项意为“确信地”。根据but表示转折可知，此处应表达“但是我坚定地追随我的激情”。C项符合语境。故选C。‎ ‎11．C　考查名词辨析。上文提到虽然在学校作者很难传递自己的思想，但是他不放弃，由此可知，作者努力的结果就是他创造了帮助……的习惯和传统。此处fruits表示“结果，成果”，符合语境。故选C。‎ ‎12．B　考查名词辨析。 ...Every Friday，I went to school with homework treats and ________ them to those who seemed to need a pickmeup.(第二段第三句) ‎ 译文：……每个星期五，我带着作业的奖品来到学校，把它们发给那些似乎需要提神的孩子们。‎ 由关键句可以推断，作者帮助的是那些青少年们。teenager意为“青年，青少年”，符合语境。故选B。‎ ‎13．C　考查动词辨析。pass sth.to sb.是固定短语，意为“把……传递/分发蛤某人”，此处表达的是作者把带来的作业奖品发给那些需要提神的孩子们。故选C。‎ ‎14．B　考查动词辨析。A项意为“写”；B项意为“记住”；C项意为“准备”；D项意为“回忆”。由语境可知，作者想帮助青少年，所以他尽可能多地记住他们的名字。故选B。‎ ‎15．D　考查形容词辨析。作者建立了一个俱乐部，学生们在这里可以表达自己的想法，由此可知这是一个安全的地方，学生们能够畅所欲言。safe意为“安全的”，符合语境。故选D。‎ ‎16．A　考查连接词辨析。此处为“疑问词＋不定式”结构作宾语。由语境可知，作者想让学生学会如何把表达的情感运用到日常生活中。how意为“怎样，如何”，符合语境。故选A。‎ ‎17．B　考查名词辨析。A项意为“讨论”；B项意为“建议”；C项意为“经验”；D项意为“理论”。在作者的个人社交网络账号上，作者每周发出的用于激励自己和朋友的帖子应是建议之类的内容。B项符合语境，其余各项均与语境不符。故选B。‎ ‎18．A　考查形容词辨析。This will help me start a nodprofit foundation in the future.(最后一段第二句)‎ 译文：这将帮助我在将来建立一个非盈利基金会。‎ 由关键句可知，作者一直坚持自己的信仰和做法，那么接着说的就是他的最终目标。final意为“最后的，最终的”，符合语境。故选A。‎ ‎19．B　考查形容词辨析。A项意为“复杂的”；B项意为“难以解决的”；C项意为“未知的”；D项意为“糟糕的”。由语境可知，作者的最终目标是要证明这个世界不是无法解决的问题的集合体。unsolvable与下文的“can be changed”相衔接且符合语境。故选B。‎ ‎20．D　考查形容词最高级辨析。A项意为“最新的”；B项意为“最懒的”；C项意为“最慢的”；D项意为“最小的”。由本句中的“even”可知，此处指的是甚至是最小的行动都会改变一些事情。D项符合语境。故选D。‎ ‎***短文改错 In order to promote participation in outdoors exercise, our school organized an activity to climb Mount Tai on April 10. The majority of my classmates joined the activity.‎ Early in the morning, having assembled outside the school gate, we head straight to Mount Tai. We set out for the top in high spirits when the moment we arrived at the foot of the mountain. In a course of the climb, we cooperated with each other to pass the rocky and steep areas. Laughing and cheering, we eventually reached the summit, which we were greeted by the bright sunshine and fresh air. Viewing from the top, the city was beautiful. Bathed in the warm sunshine, we entertained us with stories, songs, dances and game.‎ This event was extremely beneficial for not only did we take a break from our heavy school workload, but we also learned how to cooperate. Therefore, we strongly suggest that similar events are held every year!‎ 答案：‎ In order to promote participation in exercise, our school organized an activity to climb Mount Tai on April 10. The majority of my classmates joined the activity.‎ Early in the morning, having assembled outside the school gate, we straight to Mount Tai. We set out for the top in high spirits the moment we arrived at the foot of the mountain. In course of the climb, we cooperated with each other to pass the rocky and steep areas. Laughing and cheering, we eventually reached the summit, we were greeted by the bright sunshine and fresh air. from the top, the city was beautiful. Bathed in the warm sunshine, we entertained with stories, songs, dances and .‎ This event was extremely beneficial for not only did we take a break from our heavy school workload, but we also learned how to cooperate. Therefore, we strongly suggest that similar events held every year!‎ 难项分析：‎ 第一处：outdoors→outdoor　考查形容词。outdoors意为“在露天，在户外”，是副词；outdoor意为“(在)户外的，(在)室外的”，是形容词，此处需要用形容词修饰名词。‎ 第二处：joined后加in　考查介词。join的宾语一般是sb.或组织团体等，表示成为其中的一员。join in等于take part in，它们的宾语都是如比赛/竞赛/考试等各种各样的活动。‎ 第四处：去掉when　考查连词。“the moment＋句子”用来引导状语从句，意为“一……就”，所以去掉when。‎