名师导学系列高考英语人教版第一轮复习学案配套练习必修一 8页

‎【名师导学系列】2013年高考英语人教版第一轮精品复习 学案配套练习【必修一】‎ Ⅰ.单词拼写 ‎1．Bill Gates is a ______(大方的)person，who has given millions of dollars to help many poor children.‎ 答案：generous ‎2．He was involved in a bank robbery and was ______(判刑)to three years in prison.‎ 答案：sentenced ‎3．Under the teacher’s________(指导)，we successfully finished the chemistry experiment.‎ 答案：guidance ‎4．It does serious harm to children’s character that too much________(暴力)is shown on television.‎ 答案：violence ‎5．The man who ________(逃跑)from prison 10 years ago was arrested last week.‎ 答案：escaped Ⅱ.翻译句子 ‎1．因为大量的人失业，所以需要新的工作岗位。(out of work)‎ ‎________________________________________________________________________‎ 答案：New jobs are needed because a number of people are out of work.‎ ‎2．事实上，我不喜欢在公众面前受表扬。(as a matter of fact)‎ ‎________________________________________________________________________‎ 答案：As a matter of fact，I don’t like to be praised before the public.‎ ‎3．他们成立了一个组织来帮助那些无法接受医疗的人。(set up)‎ ‎________________________________________________________________________‎ 答案：They set up an organization to help those who can’t receive medical care.‎ ‎4．杰克因为盗窃被判处两年监禁。(be sentenced to)‎ ‎________________________________________________________________________‎ 答案：Jack was sentenced to two years in prison for stealing.‎ ‎5．那时，我才意识到自己犯了个错误。(only then)‎ ‎________________________________________________________________________‎ 答案：Only then did I realize I had made a mistake.‎ Ⅲ.易错模块 ‎1．My mother used to________her teaching when she was young.‎ A．devoting to B．devote to C．be devoted to D．being devoted to 解析：选C。sb.be devoted to sth./doing sth.专心致志于，忠于，很喜欢。used to“过去常常”，后接动词原形。‎ ‎2.________to his research work，the professor cared little about any other things.‎ A．Devoting B．Devoted C．Having devoted D．To devote 解析：选B。devote是及物动词，一般用法是sb.is devoted to(doing)sth.或devote oneself to(doing)sth.。本句中the ‎ professor和devote之间存在逻辑上的动宾关系，故用过去分词形式devoted作原因状语。本句话意思是“教授致力于研究工作，对其他任何事情都关心甚少”。‎ ‎3．Mr.Reed made up his mind to devote all he had to________some schools for poor children.‎ A．set up B．setting up C．have set up D．having set up 解析：选B。此题中的had to与set up并不构成搭配，因为he had 为定语从句，修饰先行词all，set up应与devote all...to构成搭配(devote...to...中的to为介词，后接名词、代词或动名词)，即devote all to setting up。‎ ‎4．Lei Feng was a soldier who________the people and Chairman Mao used to speak highly of him.‎ A．devoted himself to serve B．devoted himself to serving C．was devoted to serve D．devoted himself in serving 解析：选B。表示“致力于，献身于”应使用devote oneself to或be devoted to，其中的to是介词，之后必须接动名词、名词和代词，不能接动词原形。‎ ‎5．It is said that her life was devoted to________homeless children.‎ A．care for B．helping C．look after D．caring of 解析：选B。to是介词，后面接动名词。‎ Ⅳ.语法专练 本单元语法——定语从句(Ⅱ)‎ ‎1．(2012年重庆巴蜀中学月考)Mark was a student at this university from 2006 to 2010，________he studied very hard and was made Chairman of the Students’ Union.‎ A．during which time B．for which time C．during whose time D．by that time 解析：选A。考查定语从句。此句考查“介词＋关系词”引导的定语从句。during which time在那期间，符合语意。‎ ‎2．(2012年成都树德中学月考)Last week，only two people came to look at the house，________wanted to buy it.‎ A．none of them B．both of them C．none of whom D．neither of whom 解析：选D。考查代词用法。none表示三者或三者以上都不，根据本句中的two people可排除A、C两项；选B项的话构成完整句子，两个句子之间缺连词，由此排除B项。所以答案是D项。“neither of whom wanted to buy it”是定语从句，表示“两人中没有一人想买下它”。‎ ‎3．(2012年四川调研)She may have missed the train，________ she won’t arrive for another hour.‎ A．in which case B．in her case C．in any case D．in that case 解析：选A。考查定语从句。这是一个非限制性定语从句，所以要用in which case。‎ ‎4．(2012年东城检测)After visiting China，most of the foreign friends said they would never forget the time________they had spent in China.‎ A．that B．what C．when D．at which 解析：选A。考查定语从句。that they had spent in China是定语从句，修饰先行词the ‎ time，关系代词that在从句中作spent的宾语，可以省略。‎ ‎5．(2012年西城检测)More wild tigers have been seen in the forest around this area，________there used to be very few.‎ A．when B．where C．what D．which 解析：选B。考查定语从句。分析题干和含义可知，空格处连词引导非限制性定语从句并在从句中作地点状语，故选B。‎ Ⅰ.单项填空 ‎1．Don’t________what he says.________yourself，and you can do it very well.‎ A．believe in；Believe　　　　　B．believe；Believe in C．believe in；Believe in D．believe；Believe 解析：选B。believe“相信某人(所说的话)”；believe in“信任；信仰”。‎ ‎2．The________of service in this restaurant has improved a lot since I last had a dinner with my friends there.‎ A．method B．attitude C．quality D．cost 解析：选C。the quality of service意为“服务质量”，表示“这个饭店的服务质量已经有了很大改善。”method指办事的方法；attitude虽然有“态度”的意思，但service本身就含有“服务态度”的意思；cost指商品或服务的价格或成本。‎ ‎3．Their supporters believe in them so deeply that they are________to go to war in support of them.‎ A．willing B．afraid C．anxious D．curious 解析：选A。考查词义辨析。be willing to do乐意做某事。句意：他们的支持者非常信任他们，以至于乐意去帮他们作战。‎ ‎4．Children in the country should have the right to ask for ________education opportunities as those in the city.‎ A．equal B．unfair C．common D．usual 解析：选A。equal“相等的，平等的”。unfair“不公平的”；common“常见的”；usual“通常的，普通的”。‎ ‎5．The old man became very worried，standing at the gate，unable to find a man________ he could turn for help.‎ A．from whom B．at whom C．into whom D．to whom 解析：选D。本题考查“介词＋关系代词”引导的定语从句，此处介词的判断很关键，由句意“老人想求助于(turn to)别人”可知介词为to，故选D。正常的语序为“...unable to find a man whom he could turn to for help”。‎ ‎6.People________a monument to honour those people who devoted their lives to their country.‎ A．set out B．set down C．set up D．set on 解析：选C。set out“开始；出发”；set down“着手”；set up“建立”；set on“攻击；前进”。‎ ‎7．—I’ve lost in the game again.‎ ‎—________，you still have more chances.‎ A．What a pity B．Don’t lose heart C．Don’t lose your heart D．I’m sorry for you 解析：选B。由语境可知应用B项来鼓励对方。What a pity“真遗憾”；I’m sorry for you“真为你难过，可惜”，与题意不符。‎ ‎8．Ms Black is considered a ________lady by her neighbors for she often helps the poor old man next door.‎ A．generous B．hopeful C．mean D．selfish 解析：选A。结合语境“for she often helps the poor old man”推断出她很“慷慨(generous)”。‎ ‎9．As________ matter of fact，________beauty of________nature there made an excellent impression on me.‎ A．a ；the；不填 B．a ；the；the C．the；the；不填 D．a；不填；the 解析：选A。考查冠词用法。as a matter of fact是固定搭配，意为“实际上”；beauty后边有限定成分要用定冠词表特指，而nature是抽象名词，不表特指时不加冠词，故答案为A。‎ ‎10．The owner of the mine was________to twenty years because he had broken the law to employ children as miners.‎ A．sentenced B．trapped C．sheltered D．buried 解析：选A。be sentenced to...被判处……。句意：这个矿主因为非法雇佣童工被判处二十年的徒刑。‎ Ⅱ.阅读理解 A ‎ (2012年重庆江北八校联考)Do you know about a series of books that say they are for dummies? These American selfhelp books have been translated into more than thirtynine languages including Chinese, Arabic, Russian, French, German, Greek and Spanish.‎ ‎“Dummy” is a word for a stupid person.The dummy books are not really for stupid people.They are designed to show people how to do something they may never have tried before, like painting a house or learning a language.The books all say in a funny way that they are for dummies, such as World History for Dummies, Rabbits for Dummies, Chinese Cooking for Dummies, and Wedding Planning for Dummies. The first such book，DOS for Dummies, was published in 1991.It helped people learn how to use the DOS operating system for computers.Since then, more than one hundred and fifty million dummy books have been sold.‎ The dummies.com website explains the idea behind the books.It says that they show that people can be taught to do anything.First they can make fun of ideas that are difficult to understand.Then they show how the information can be interesting and easy.The publishers say that the books do not provide more information than necessary.They give readers just enough information to do what they want.They say that the dummy books give the best and easiest way to do something.And the books use simple and easy language.‎ There are more than one thousand different dummy books.A report in New York Times says that the topselling dummy books are those that explain technology and personal finance.‎ The publishers say that the bestselling dummy books are those providing information many people need—like information about diseases，education and cooking.People interested in opera，car repair and wine can also find dummy books to help them.And there are even more dummy ‎ books to come.The publishers say that they publish about two hundred new dummy books every year.‎ ‎【解题导语】　for dummies系列书籍用简单的语言告诉人们怎么做一些常见的事情，很受读者欢迎。‎ ‎1．Which of the following can be the best title of the passage?‎ A．Books for Dummies B．The Easiest，the Best C．Books for Stupid People D．New Ideas Behind the Books 解析：选A。标题概括题。由文章第一句话再结合下文内容可知，本文主要是对for dummies系列书籍的介绍。‎ ‎2．According to the dummies.com website，people can________with the help of dummy books.‎ A．do some personal things　 　B．learn any foreign language C．become expert in cooking D．do anything they want 解析：选D。细节理解题。根据第三段前两句话可知，D项正确。‎ ‎3．The dummy books have been popular because________.‎ A．they provide just what is needed and are easy to understand B．they provide abundant information on the concerning subject C．people can learn to do anything with just one copy D．people can save lots of money through selfteaching 解析：选A。推理判断题。根据文章第三段的内容可知，这个系列的书提供必要的信息，用简单易懂的语言告诉人们怎么做事。这正是它们受欢迎的原因。‎ ‎4．According to New York Times，we know that books on_______sell best.‎ A．diseases and education B．opera and car repairing C．technology and personal finance D．cooking and world history 解析：选C。细节理解题。由倒数第二段第二句话可知答案为C。‎ B ‎(2012年重庆外语校一调)One of the goals of American education officials is to have all public schools connected to the Internet computer system and to have computer for all students.Government studies show that in 1994 only thirtyfive percent of American public schools were connected to the Internet.Last year，that number reached eightynine percent.‎ Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University is a large university in the southern state of Virginia.Officials atVirginia Tech say computers are very important to a student’s education.All students at Virginia Tech have been required to have a computer since 1998.‎ Each student’s living area at Virginia Tech has necessary wires to link a computer to the Internet.The students can send and receive electronic mail, use the Internet and link with other universities, all without leaving their room.They can also use their computers to send electronic copies of their schoolwork to their teachers.And they can search for books in the school’s huge library.‎ ‎ Most major American universities and colleges strongly urge or require new students to have a computer.Most colleges and universities also have large rooms where students can use computers ‎ for class work.‎ ‎ American high schools also have computers.Many have their own areas on the World Wide Web.If you have a computer you can learn about FremontUnionHigh School in Sunnyvale, California, for example.Its website provides information about the school, the teachers and their electronic mail addresses.It also lists student events and organizations.‎ ‎ Young children also use computers in school.Smoketree Elementary School in Lake Havasu, Arizona has given us a good example.The school also has a website.It tells about the school and the teachers and has an area for young children.These young children use computers in school to learn numbers and letters.They also learn how to use the computer they will need later in their education.‎ ‎【解题导语】　本文主要介绍了美国学校普及电脑及联网的情况。‎ ‎5．From the passage we know________.‎ A. how to use computers to connect to the Internet B．students in Virginia Tech can use computers to send electronic copies of their homework C．how to connect students and teachers by computers D．how the teachers use computers to give their lessons 解析：选B。细节理解题。根据第三段倒数第二句话可知B项正确。‎ ‎6．What is NOT mentioned in the passage?‎ A. Every student in Virginia has access to the Internet.‎ B．All students at Virginia Tech have been required to have a computer.‎ C．Students at Virginia Tech can search for books in their school library in their own room.‎ D．If you want to learn about Fremont Union High School, you can read information in its website.‎ 解析：选A。细节理解题。通读全文可知，B、C、D三项内容文章都有提及，但是没有提到Virginia的每一个学生都可以上网，故选A。‎ ‎7．Which of the following statements is NOT right according to the passage?‎ A．It is required that all students at Virginia Tech have a computer of their own.‎ B．Pupils in Smoketree Elementary School use computers to learn arithmetic.‎ C．Every pupil in Smoketree Elementary School knows how to send electronic mail.‎ D．Many high schools have their own areas on the World Wide Web.‎ 解析：选C。细节理解题。文章最后一段只是说Smoketree Elementary School这个学校的学生使用电脑学习数字和字母，而没有说他们会发送电子邮件，C项说法与其内容不一致，故选C。‎ ‎8．Which is the best title of the passage?‎ A．Every student should have a computer B．Computer is used by university students C．Every school has been connected to the Internet D．Computer use in American schools 解析：选D。标题归纳题。文章讲述的主要内容是美国学校的电脑使用情况，故D项作为标题最合适。‎ C ‎(2012年重庆八中过关考试)Do you love holidays, but hate the increase in weight that follows？You_are_not_alone.Holidays are time for splendid meals and celebrating, especially with the traditional cultural foods.‎ With proper planning, though, it is possible to keep normal weight during the holidays.The idea is ‎ to enjoy the holidays and think about moderation(节制)．Whether it is celebrating at the office party or sitting down for the traditional family dinner, regard eating as a time for tasting a variety of foods.Here are some tips to carry you through the round of celebrations and your social calendar without feeling having done wrong.‎ ‎ Set some goals that you can reach.Unless you have special needs to go on a diet, there are no forbidden foods.Don’t turn down the foods you enjoy, but be sensible.‎ Before you leave home, have a small, lowfat meal or a snack.This can help you to avoid eating or drinking much.Use a small luncheonsize plate and avoid the large ones that may encourage you to“load up”．You should be most comfortable eating an amount of food about the size of your fist.Once you have had your“tasting”serving，move away from the dining room.Doing so will make it easy to stop yourself eating constantly at the sight of food.‎ Eat slowly and fill up beforehand with clear soup and raw fruit or vegetables and fruit in a yogurt(酸奶)dressing rather than cream and cheese sauces.You can also drink a large glass of water before you eat to help you feel full.‎ If you have a sweet tooth，try mints，hard candies，and fruit.These don’t have the fat content of creamy desserts and chocolate.‎ Avoid highfat foods.Dishes that look oily or creamy may have a generous amount of fat.Choose lean meats.Fill your plate with salad and green vegetables.‎ Don’t let exercise take a break during the holidays.A 20minute walk after a meal can help burn off extra calories.‎ ‎【解题导语】　享受假期时可能发胖，作者提出了一些避免发胖的建议。‎ ‎9．The underlined sentence“You are not alone.”here means that________.‎ A．you are firmly supported by a lot of people B．many people are with you and you’ll never be alone C．the situation mentioned above is common among many people D．many people enjoy holidays and seldom hate putting on weight 解析：选C。句意理解题。根据第一段可知，喜欢假期但是讨厌发胖是很多人遇到的问题，并不是一个人所独有的，因此C项与之意思最接近。‎ ‎10．What does the writer actually tell you when he says“Don’t turn down the foods you enjoy，but be sensible.”？‎ A．You can enjoy your favorite foods but don’t eat too much.‎ B．You must pour down the foods you enjoy，for it is reasonable.‎ C．You shouldn’t refuse anything you like and eat it as much as possible.‎ D．You ought to accept what you enjoy and refuse what you don’t.‎ 解析：选A。细节理解题。根据第三段可知作者不主张节食，除非有特殊的原因，但是吃的时候要理性，也就是不要吃得太多。因此选择A项。‎ ‎11．Which of the following may be a great favorite of a person who has a sweet tooth?‎ A．Clear soup and raw fruit.‎ B．Salad and green vegetables.‎ C．Mints，hard candies and fruit.‎ D．Creamy desserts and chocolate.‎ 解析：选D。细节理解题。根据文章倒数第三段可知，喜欢吃甜食的人喜欢吃含有奶油的甜食或巧克力，因此作者建议他们可以吃薄荷糖、硬糖或水果，这样有助于保持体重。‎ ‎12．The writer mainly wants to tell you________during the holidays.‎ A．how to follow a healthy diet B．how to control your portions(食量)‎ C．how to maintain your normal weight D．how to maintain physical activity 解析：选C。写作意图题。从本文的第二段首句再结合全文内容可以知道本文的写作目的是告诉人们假期里如何保持正常的体重。‎