2019译林牛津版高考英语一轮训练选模块6U2含答案 11页

‎2019译林牛津版高考英语一轮训练选：模块6U2含答案 一、阅读理解。‎ Old Fossils ‎ Scientists have found what they think is probably the oldest fossil on Earth, a remnant of life from 3.7 billion years ago when Earth’s skies were orange and its oceans green.‎ ‎ In a newly melted part of Greenland, Australian scientists found the leftover structure from a community of microbes（微生物）that lived on an ancient seafloor. Based on their analysis of the fossils, the researchers determined that they are 220 million years older than those discovered in Western Australia, which were 3.48 billion years old.‎ ‎ The discovery shows life may have formed quicker and more easily than once thought, about half a billion years after Earth formed. And that may also give hope for life forming elsewhere, such as Mars, said study co-author Martin VanKranendonk of the University of New South Wales and director of the Australian Center for Astrobiology. ＂It gives us an idea how our planet evolved and how life gained a foothold,＂ VanKranendonk said.‎ ‎ Scientists had thought it would take at least half a billion years for life to form after the molten Earth started to cool a bit, but this shows it could have happened quicker, he said. That’s because the newly found fossil is far too complex to have developed soon after the planet’s first life forms, he said.‎ ‎ In an outcrop of rocks that used to be covered with ice and snow which melted after an exceptionally warm spring, the Australian team found stromatolites（叠层石）, which are layered structures that are often produced by a community of microbes. The stromatolites were about 1 to 4 centimeters high.‎ ‎ ＂It is like the house left behind made by the microbes,＂ VanKranendonk said. ＂Scientists used the layers of ash from volcanoes and tiny zircon（锆石） with uranium and estimated that they date back to 3.7 billion years ago.＂‎ ‎ The dating seems about right, said Abigail Allwood, a NASA astrobiologist who found the previous oldest fossil, from 3.48 billion years ago, in Australia. But Allwood said she is not completely convinced that what VanKranendonk’s team found once was alive. She said the evidence wasn’t conclusive enough that it was life and not a geologic quirk（地质巧合）. ＂It would be nice to have more evidence, but in these rocks that’s a lot to ask,＂ Allwood said in an email.‎ ‎1. The underlined words ＂gained a foothold＂ in Paragraph 3 mean______.‎ ‎ A.continued B.changed ‎ ‎ C.increased D.Started ‎2. We can learn from Paragraph 4______.‎ ‎ A.the fossil appeared soon after the birth of the earth ‎ B.the fossil formed soon after the earth’s first life ‎ C.life formed earlier than the newly found fossil ‎ D.life appeared about half a billion years ago ‎3. What is Abigail Allwood’s attitude towards the newly found fossil?‎ ‎ A.Neutral. B.Sceptical. ‎ ‎ C.Objective. D.Supportive.‎ ‎4. According to the passage, ______.‎ ‎ A.the previous fossils are a geologic quirk ‎ B. the previous fossils are made up of stromatolites ‎ C. the newly found fossils come from Western Australia ‎ D. the newly found fossils have a history of 3.7 billion years ‎ 【语篇解析】文章介绍科学家发现距今37亿年前的化石。‎ ‎1. D【解析】词义猜测题。根据文章第三段的句子＂It gives us an idea how our planet evolved＂这让我们了解 星球是怎么形成的，下文是生命是怎么开始的。可知，＂gained a foothold＂ 意为＂开始＂。故选D。‎ ‎3. B【解析】 观点态度题。根据文章最后一段的句子＂She said the evidence wasn’t conclusive enough that it was life and not a geologic quirk(地质巧合).＂可知，Abigail Allwood 对于新发现的化石态度是怀疑的。故选B。‎ ‎4. D【解析】细节理解题。根据文章第一段的句子＂remnant of life from 3.7 billion years ago＂和第二段的句 子＂the researchers determined that they are 220 million years older than those discovered in Western Australia, which were 3.48 billion years old.＂可知，新发现的化石有37亿年历史。故选D。‎ 二、单项选择。‎ ‎1.You’d better take a pen when you go to the meeting _______ there is something important to write down.‎ A. as if B so as to C in order to D. in case ‎【答案】D。‎ ‎【解析】BC 选项后接动词原形，故排除。as if 引导方式状语从句，in case 意为“以防”可以用来引导目的状语从句。句意：去开会时你最好带上钢笔，以防有什么重要的东西可以记下来。‎ ‎2.By the time scientists _______ the fundamental structure of dark matter, I'm sure that man _______ amazing advances in science.‎ A. figure out, has made B. will figure out, will make C. figure out, will have made D. will figure out, will be making ‎【答案】C ‎【解析】句意：到科学家们弄清楚暗物质的基本结构时，我肯定人类将已经在科学上取得了惊人的进步。by 表示“到……为止”引导时间状语从句常与完成时连用，主句的谓语用将来完成时态，时间状语从句中用一般现在时表将来。‎ ‎23.—Sharon, why is the man so upset now?‎ ‎—His wallet, mobile phone and ID card _______, the police are investigating and will send him to a social assistance station.‎ A. was stolen B. stolen C. being stolen D. having stolen ‎【答案】B ‎【解析】非谓语动词独立主格结构。逻辑主语“His wallet, mobile phone and ID card”与动词“steal”存在逻辑上的被动关系，故用过去分词。句意： “莎伦，那人现在为何那么郁闷？” “他的钱包、手机以及身份证被盗。警方正在调查并会把他送到一家社会救助站去。 ”‎ ‎4._______ before bed, cellphones can result in a restless night.‎ A. To use B. Using C. Used D. Having used ‎【答案】C ‎【解析】句意：睡前使用手机，会导致睡眠质量下降。cellphones 与 use 是动宾关系，即使用手机，应该用过去分词表被动，排除 A、B、D，本句可改写为：If cellphones are used before bed, they can result in a restless night.。‎ ‎25.The parents do everything we can _______ their daughter with good education, so that she will get a good job in the future.‎ A. provide B. providing C. provided D. to provide ‎【答案】D ‎【解析】句意：那对父母做了他们能做的一切为他们的女儿提供良好的教育，为了她以后能得到一份好工作。原句应为：The parents do everything we can do to provide their daughter with good education.所以选 D。‎ ‎6.As China’s villages meet modernity, with such conveniences as the flushing toilet, the Internet and personal car ownership, some traditions are being left by the wayside, only _______ in memory.‎ A. remained B. remaining C. to be remained D. being remained ‎【答案】B ‎【解析】句意：随着中国农村步入现代化，冲水马桶、网络和私家车等便利到来，一些传统留在人们的记忆里。现在分词作状语，表示自然而然的结果，remain 一词表示“遗留”时为系动词，故没有被动形式。‎ ‎7.—Will you please tell us how you can seize the robbers?‎ ‎—I will spend a whole week _______ in your room to wait for their coming.‎ A. locking B. to lock C. locked D. to be locked ‎【答案】C ‎【解析】 过去分词短语作状语。 根据句意“把自己关在你的房间里度过一周的时间”， 即 lock myself in yourroom，lock 与主语 I 之间为逻辑上的动宾关系，故用过去分词作状语，表示方式。句意： “请问告诉我您怎样才能抓住强盗呢?” “我把自己关在你房间里一个礼拜，等待他们的到来(就抓住他们了)。 ”‎ ‎8._______ by the sad story of the child, many people offered to lend him a helping hand.‎ A. Being affected B. Having affected C. Affected D. To affect ‎【答案】C ‎【解析】许多人因受感动而伸出援助之手，故用 affect 的过去分词作状语，表示被动和完成。句意：许多人因受那个男孩悲惨故事的感动，主动伸出了援助之手。‎ ‎9._______ the teenage brain, the expert decided to write a book about how to help teenagers fight against attention problems.‎ A. To explore B. Having explored C. Exploring D. Having been explored ‎【答案】B ‎【解析】逗号后面分词的逻辑主语 expert 与 explore 之间是逻辑上的主谓关系，并且 explore 所表示的动作发生在谓语动词 decided 所表示的动作之前，因此用现在分词的完成式作状语。句意：在探究了青少年的大脑之后，这位专家决定要写一本关于如何帮助青少年与注意力方面的问题作斗争的书。‎ ‎10.The storm _______, they had to live in a cave.‎ A. has destroyed their hut B. to destroy their hut C. having destroyed their hut D. being destroyed ‎【答案】C ‎【解析】这是分词的独立主格结构句。分词的完成式表示其动作发生在主句动作之前， 根据句意可知，暴风雨毁掉草屋在前，故 C 是答案。句意：风暴摧毁了他们的茅舍，所以他们不得不住在洞里。‎ ‎11.Mr Muite refused to talk to them except _______ in the company of his legal colleagues, therefore the police officers departed A. in terms of B. in company of C. in favor of D. in view of ‎【答案】B ‎【解析】in the company of 在……陪同下。句意：缪特先生拒绝在没有其律师同事陪同的情况下和他们说话，于是警察们就离开了。‎ ‎12.Teddy came to my _______ with a check of $ 200 to pay my room rate, after I told him that my wallet had been stolen.‎ A. attendance B. Assistance C. rescue D. safety ‎【答案】B ‎【解析】句意：我告诉特迪我的钱包被偷了后，他带着 200 美元的支票来帮我付了房租。come to one’s assistance 为固定搭配， “来支援(或帮忙)某人” ，符合句意。attendance 出席，到场；rescue 援救，解救；safety 安全。‎ ‎13.You see the lightning _______ it happens, but you hear the thunder later.‎ A. the instant B. for an instant C. on the instant D. in an instant ‎【答案】A ‎【解析】句意：闪电一发生你就看见闪光，但过一会儿才听到雷声。instant 瞬间，刹那，比 moment 所指的时间更短，但用法与 moment 基本一致。the instant 一……就……，引导时间状语从句，符合题意。for an instant 一瞬间；on the instant 立即；in an instant ‎ 立刻，马上。‎ ‎14.I was late this morning because my alarm clock failed to _______.‎ A. turn off B. go after C. go off D. switch off ‎【答案】C ‎【解析】 句意： 我今天早晨迟到了， 是因为我的闹钟没响。 turn off 关掉； go after 追赶， 追求； 谋求； go off(闹钟)发出响声；switch off 关掉。‎ ‎20.I did love my mom very much but it got to a point _______ even she did not want me to see her as she was.‎ A. where B. When C. that D. which ‎【答案】A ‎【解析】句意：我确实非常爱我妈妈，但是情况发展到这样一种程度：她甚至不想让我看到她以前的样子。当先行词是 point，case，situation 等时，定语从句多用 where 引导，where 在从句中作状语。‎ 三、完形填空。‎ One day, while we were visiting my parents on a farm in late summer, Dad mentioned he’d always wanted a Crimson King Maple Tree for the yard.Mom agreed that the trees were 1 ．‎ Like many other parents, mine were hard to 2 for, so I figured this was a great opportunity to get them something they’d 3 ．I also thought two would be even better.I checked the 4 at work and decided it was a bit more than I could 5 —but all of my siblings(兄弟姐妹) agreed to give some money to buy the trees.‎ In northern Ohio，you don’t plant maple trees at Christmas, so we decided to 6 Mom and Dad with a special Christmas in October before the ground 7 ．We asked my aunt if she’d help us with the “ 8 ”， and she called my parents 9 to say she was coming for a Sunday visit.Then my sisters and sistersinlaw went into 10 ，planning a big holiday turkey dinner.‎ On the 11 Sunday, we all met at my house and 12 the trees into a truck.I 13 as Santa Claus.When we arrived at my parents’ house，Dad was 14 something was wrong first.He and Mom were amazed when we told them 15 we were there.‎ When Christmas 16 ，of course, we couldn’t go to our parents’ house emptyhanded, so Mom and Dad got 17 presents that year.Almost half a century later, I 18 drive by the old farm and smile when I see those big, handsome 19 and remember giving a special 20 to ‎ special people at Christmas in October.‎ ‎【解题导语】　本文是一篇记叙文。作者讲述了自己和亲人们一起用特别的方式给其父母带来惊喜的经历。‎ ‎1．A.distinctive　　　　　　　 B．fragrant C．expensive D．pretty D　解析：上文提及父亲想要在庭院种植一棵枫树，下文提及“those big, handsome”，故此处应是母亲也欣然同意，认为枫树很漂亮(pretty)。distinctive “与众不同的”；fragrant “芳香的”；expensive“贵的”。‎ ‎2．A.shop B．represent C．answer D．care A　解析：根据上文的“Like many other parents，mine were hard to”，下文的“so I figured this was a great opportunity to get them something”以及接下来介绍的作者兄弟姐妹几人为父母买礼物的内容可知，此处指作者觉得父母买东西是很难的，故选shop “购物”。‎ ‎3．A.deserve B．appreciate C．advertise D．imagine B　解析：根据上文的“Dad mentioned he’d always wanted a Crimson King Maple Tree for the yard...”及下文介绍的为父母买礼物的内容可知，此处指作者认为这是一个给父母买他们欣赏的东西的好机会。deserve “值得，应得”；appreciate “感激，欣赏”；advertise “为……做广告”；imagine“想象”。‎ ‎4．A.result B．number ‎ C．price D．express C　解析：根据下文的“but all of my siblings(兄弟姐妹) agreed to give some money to buy the trees”可知，作者在上班时查看了一下枫树的价格(price)，认为它的价格比自己能支付得起(afford)的还要高一点。‎ ‎5．A.afford B．expect ‎ C．fancy D．handle A　解析：参见上题解析。‎ ‎6．A.frighten B．assist ‎ C．surprise D．reward C　解析：从下文作者联合其姑姑来帮忙实施这个计划以及计划具体实施的内容可知，‎ 作者他们想给父母一个惊喜(surprise)。‎ ‎7．A.warmed B．froze C．softened D．darkened B　解析：根据上下文语境及句中的“In northern Ohio, you don’t plant maple trees at Christmas”及“a special Christmas in October before the ground”可知，作者他们决定在土地上冻之前让父母度过一个特别的圣诞节。freeze “结冰”符合语境。‎ ‎8．A.trick B．purchase C．choice D．decoration A　解析：根据上下文语境可知，作者询问姑姑是否可以帮忙实施这个“骗局(trick)”。‎ ‎9．A.in advance B．in time C．by accident D．on purpose A　解析：根据上下文语境可知，作者的姑姑提前(in advance)给作者的父母打电话说她会在周日来拜访。in time “及时”；by accident “意外地”； on purpose“故意地”。‎ ‎10．A.service B．action C．effect D．production B　解析：根据下文的“planning a big holiday turkey dinner” 可知，随后，作者的姐妹和嫂子(或弟媳)行动起来。go into action “行动起来”符合语境。go into service “投入使用”；go into effect “生效”；go into production “投入生产”。‎ ‎11．A.regular B．separate C．given D．chosen D　解析：根据语境可知，作者和亲人们在选定的(chosen)那个周日聚到自己家里。‎ ‎12．A.sorted B．loaded C．transported D．transplanted B　解析：根据下文的“the trees into a truck”可知，作者他们把树装上(loaded)卡车。sort“整理”； transport “运输，运送”；transplant “移植”。‎ ‎13．A.dressed up B．passed off C．looked on D．started out A　解析：根据下文的“as Santa Claus” 可知，作者把自己装扮(dressed up)成圣诞老人。pass sb./sth.off as...“把……冒充为……”；look on sb./sth.as... “把……当作……”；start out as...“以……开始，起初是……”。‎ ‎14．A.delighted B．annoyed C．disappointed D．convinced D　解析：根据上下文语境及句中的“something was wrong first” 可知，作者的父亲一开始坚信哪里出了问题。convinced “确信，坚信”符合语境。‎ ‎15．A.when B．how ‎ C．why D．whether C　解析：根据语境可知，当我们告诉他们我们为什么(why)会在那里的时候，父母感到很吃惊。‎ ‎16．A.came around B．dropped out C．turned up D．drew in A　解析：根据下文的内容可知，当又到圣诞节时，作者他们去探望父母。come around “再次出现，再度发生”； drop out “退出”；turn up “出现”；draw in “(白天变得)渐短”。‎ ‎17．A.generous B．additional C．double D．special C　解析：根据上文的“In northern Ohio, you don’t plant maple trees at Christmas, so we decided to...with a special Christmas in October” 可知，作者他们在十月份的时候已经为父母送上了一份特别的圣诞节礼物，而在真正的圣诞节到来的时候，他们又不能空手去拜访自己的父母，故作者的父母那年是收到了双份的(double)圣诞节礼物。‎ ‎18．A.even B．just ‎ C．once D．still D　解析：根据上下文语境可知，时隔几乎半个世纪之后，当作者看到那些高大、漂亮的枫树(trees)时依然(still)会面带微笑地驶过那个农场。‎ ‎19．A.farms B．trees ‎ C．trucks D．yards B　解析：参见上题解析。‎ ‎20．A.congratulation B．gift C．donation D．greeting B　解析：作者看着那些枫树时，会想起自己多年前在圣诞节送给父母特别的礼物(gift)。上文中的“presents that year”亦是关键提示。congratulation“祝贺”； donation “捐赠物”；greeting “问候”。‎ 四、七选五。‎ Many teenagers want to look cool.__1__ Chloe Murray，an eighthgrader at Jefferson‎ ‎Middle School in the US，realized this problem and established a charitable clothes closet(衣橱)to help her peers.‎ ‎__2__ The school let her use a room for the project.Chloe's classmates joined her as well.Last month，the charitable clothes closet，called Chloe's Closet，opened.__3__ “Confidence is a real issue in middle school，especially when it comes to clothing，”Chloe told the Chicago Tribune，a daily newspaper in Chicago，the US.‎ ‎__4__ Many people from the school's community and neighboring schools donated used and new clothes.The clothes closet is only open after school.Students can“buy”these clothes by earning“money”when they turn in their schoolwork on time，make corrections on homework，participate in a school activity or express helpfulness to their peers and teachers.Since the first week in March，about 100 items have been“sold”to students.‎ ‎“__5__ Then，they will be better able to focus on the learning material rather than paying too much attention to what they are wearing，”Shannon Arko，a language arts teacher at the school，said about the mission(使命)of the closet.“Feeling good about yourself translates into a better learning experience overall.”‎ A．Where are the clothes from?‎ B．Her school supported the idea too.‎ C．Fashion has already become an important part of students' lives.‎ D．You need to supply children with basic needs，such as clothing.‎ E．But everyone can afford to keep up with the changing fashion trends.‎ F．But not everyone can afford to keep up with the changing fashion trends.‎ G．It's filled with trendy clothes for girls and boys to help students look their best.‎ ‎【解题导语】本文主要介绍了一个美国学生发起的并得到学校支持的慈善衣橱活动。‎ ‎【难句分析】“Confidence is a real issue in middle school, especially when it comes to clothing，”Chloe told the Chicago Tribune，a daily newspaper in Chicago，the US.‎ 分析：本句是一个复合句。when引导时间状语从句；when it comes to ‎ sth.意为“当涉及某事时，在某个方面，说到某事”。‎ 译文：《芝加哥论坛报》是一家位于美国芝加哥的日报。Chloe告诉《芝加哥论坛报》：“在中学，自信心是一个真正的问题，尤其是说到衣物时。”‎ ‎1．F　此处承接上文的“Many teenagers want to look cool”，再结合下文的慈善衣橱可推知，并不是每个人都有钱去紧跟时尚潮流，所以F项符合语境。‎ ‎2．B　此处承接下文中的“The school let her use a room for the project”，由此可推知，学校对Chloe的这一举动予以支持，故B项符合语境。‎ ‎3．G　根据第一段的内容及空后一句可推知，Chloe建立这样一个慈善衣橱是为了帮助同龄人表现出最好的状态，因此衣橱里捐赠的都是时尚的衣物，所以G项符合语境。‎ ‎4．A　根据下文中的“Many people from the school's community and neighboring schools donated used and new clothes”可推知，此处介绍了捐赠的衣物的来源，所以A项符合语境。‎ ‎5．D　此处承接下文中的“Then, they will be better able to focus on the learning material rather than paying too much attention to what they are wearing”，由此可推知，只有满足学生的基本需求，比如衣物，他们才能集中注意力学习而不是过多地关注穿着，所以D项符合语境。‎