2014高考英语一轮复习综合解析训练22 8页

‎2019高考英语一轮复习综合解析训练22‎ Ⅰ. 单项填空 ‎1. —I want to go camping in the mountains, just for a change. ‎ ‎— OK, _______‎ A. who cares? B. whatever you say. ‎ C. what’s up? D. it’s nice of you. ‎ ‎2.—You shouldn’t have made _______ appointment with her that you couldn’t keep. ‎ ‎—What _______ pity! It was not my fault. It was she who was to blame. ‎ A. an; the B. the; a C. an; a D. the; the ‎3. You naughty boy! You _______ get what you deserve! ‎ A. should B. can C. shall D. may ‎4. James Cameron is considered one of the greatest directors in the world _______ his influence in the film industry. ‎ A. in exchange for B. in spite of C. on behalf of D. in terms of ‎ ‎5. Listen to the music! That’s what I _______ in a competition last July. ‎ A. played B. had played C. have played D. was playing ‎6. _______ is obviously right is to give all children equal opportunities to develop their special gift. ‎ A. Which B. As C. That D. What ‎7. _______ to a lot of new ideas when studying in college, Mary always does something that others can’t understand to realize her dream. ‎ A. Exposing B. Exposed C. Being exposed D. Having exposed ‎8. It is vital to _______ to teenagers the simple fact that being addicted to the Internet will to some extent do harm to both mental and physical health. ‎ A. get across B. get through C. get down D. get over ‎ ‎9. The CEO always tries his best to create an atmosphere _______ his employees can express their opinions freely. ‎ A. for which B. which C. where D. of which ‎10. This restaurant, _______ by an old couple, has an inviting, homelike atmosphere that many restaurants lack. ‎ A. owning B. to own C. having owned D. owned ‎ ‎11. Provide your doctor with a detailed medical history _______ he can give you the accurate treatment. ‎ A. even if B. in case C. so that D. as though ‎12.—We have to stop talking here outside. Listen，_______！‎ ‎—Hurry up，or we’ll be late. ‎ A. there goes the bell B. there does the bell go C. there the bell goes D. goes the bell there ‎13.There is no _______ that I’ll apologize to him again. It’s totally his fault this time. ‎ A. use B. wonder C. way D. doubt ‎14.A person, when _______, can often do what is normally beyond his ability. ‎ A. challenged B. challenges C. challenging D. to challenge ‎ ‎15. — I want to make a kite to fly.‎ ‎—_______ You can easily buy one on the market. ‎ A. Why not? B. Good idea! ‎ C. Why bother? D. No way! ‎ Ⅱ. 阅读理解 第一节 ‎ 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项(A、B、C和D)中，选出最佳选项。‎ Nowadays women appear to have a positive image of themselves as safer drivers than men. ‎ In a survey done by insurer MetLife, 51% of women said they drive more safely. The evidence is on their side: Men are 3. 4 times more likely than women to get a ticket for careless driving and 3.1 times as likely to be punished for drunk driving. “Women are on average less aggressive and more law abiding (守法的) drivers, which leads to fewer accidents, ” the report says. However, not all male drivers share the same opinion. Of the men surveyed by MetLife, 39% claimed male drivers were safer. The findings did back them up on one point: automotive knowledge. The report showed that more men are familiar with current safety equipment such as electronic stability control, which helps prevent rollover accidents. ‎ Auto safety unavoidably matters to money. Insurance companies focus on what classes of drivers have the lowest dollar amounts of claims, and for now, that mainly includes women. In general, women pay about 9% less for auto insurance than men. A study by the website Insweb also showed that auto insurance rates are lower for women in most states. Among individual states, women get the greatest advantage in Wyoming (where they pay 20% less), South Dakota and Washington D. C. , where their insurance costs are 16% lower. ‎ ‎“More than 11, 900 male drivers died in U. S.‎ traffic accidents in 2009, compared with just under 4, 900 women drivers, ” according to the study. “Based on miles traveled, men died at a rate of 2. 5 deaths per 100 million miles traveled, vs 1. 7 deaths for women. ”‎ ‎16. According to the study, female drivers _______. ‎ A. are more aggressive while driving B. are more interested in auto knowledge C. are more likely to stick to driving laws D. are more familiar with safety equipment ‎17. Insurance companies focus on female driver clients probably because they _______. ‎ A. cause more accidents on the road B. pay more money to the insurance companies C. take the most part of the insurance clients D. have the lowest amount of money on insurance claims ‎18. We can infer from the passage that _______. ‎ A. men are 3. 1 times more likely to get tickets than women B. all women in the USA pay the same for their auto insurance C. more female drivers die every year than male drivers D. women are generally safer drivers than the opposite gender ‎19. The writer mainly develops paragraphs by _______. ‎ A. giving examples B. making comparisons C. drawing a conclusion D. presenting an argument 第二节 根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。‎ Should Good Sportsmanship Be Taught in School?‎ Almost everyone feels that it is important for young people to win fairly and show respect toward others. Should good sportsmanship, then, be taught in school? Critics do not think so. 20 Presented here are the most important benefits of teaching sportsmanship. ‎ Teaching good sportsmanship and having a positive attitude in activities like sports, class elections, and science fair competitions are critical to success in school. 21 Acting calmly under pressure helps young adults succeed not only in sports but also in life. ‎ ‎22 A‎ person cannot play by the rules if he or she does not understand what the rules are. Knowing the rules also applies to other activities. If students enter a science fair competition, for example, they must follow the guidelines. Those who know the rules are much more likely to succeed. When students learn sportsmanship, they discover, how knowing the rules relate to achievement. ‎ Good players become skilled at handling responsibility. When people accept responsibility, they achieve their best. Positive thinkers, moreover, influence ‎ others, especially those who are struggling with a problem. A gifted basketball player, for example, might teach skills to a less-talented player. Helping others raise the performance of the entire team. The team, consequently, could reach new heights and set new records. 23 Those who do not practice sportsmanship pass off responsibility. For them, if an opportunity is lost, it is someone else’s fault. When students participate in a team, they benefit by learning to accept responsibility, encourage others and own up to mistakes. ‎ Sportsmanship is a winning idea. It must be taught in school. Students need direction to become good sportsmen. Students will be responsible for their own actions and will have a positive influence on others. As students enter the workforce, businesses benefit. The community also benefits because these students will someday become leaders. 24 ‎ A. We need to educate students about how sportsmanship pays off for everyone. ‎ B. However, the stronger argument favors teaching good sportsmanship. ‎ C. Sports help young adults learn how to team up with others. ‎ D. Good sportsmanship also means admitting mistakes. ‎ E. Activities involving winning or losing can be tense. ‎ F. It is natural that players should be eager to win. ‎ G. Good team players know the rules of the game. ‎ 答案解析 ‎1.【解析】选B。考查情景交际。句意：——我想到山里去野营，就是为了改变一下。——好的，随你的便。 whatever you say. 随你的便，你说了算。；who cares? 谁在乎呢？；what’s up? 怎么了？出了什么事？；it’s nice of you. 为致谢用语，意为“你真好，谢谢你”。‎ ‎2.【解析】选C。考查冠词用法。句意：——你不应与她进行一个你自己都不能遵守的约会。——多么遗憾的一件事啊！这不是我的错。这是她的责任。make an appointment with sb. 与某人约会； pity之前加不定冠词表示“一件让人感到遗憾的事”。故正确答案为C。‎ ‎3.【解析】选C。考查情态动词的用法。句意：你这不听话的孩子！你将得到你应得的。本句中shall用于说话人给对方予以警告，故选C。‎ ‎【方法指导】高中阶段各种语法测试中对情态动词shall的考查经常从以下几个角度进行：‎ ‎①用于第一人称表示将来， 意为“将，会”。‎ ‎ 例如：We shall go through these papers together. 我们将一起审阅这些论文。‎ ‎②用在问句中表示征求对方意见, 主要用于第一、三人称，意为“……好吗? 要不要……? ”。‎ 例如：Shall I take him in right now? 我现在把他带进来好吗？‎ ‎③用于陈述句中的第二、三人称, 表示说话人的意图、允诺、警告、命令、威胁等，意为“必须, 应, 可”。‎ 例如：You shall have it back next week. 下星期你一定得还。‎ ‎④ (用在条约、规章、法令等文件中表示义务或规定, 一般用于第三人称)应, 必须。‎ 例如：According to the new traffic regulation, whoever breaks the law shall be punished. ‎ 根据新交通规则，任何违犯法律的人都要受处罚。‎ ‎4.【解析】选D。考查介词短语辨析。句意：从在电影业方面的影响而言，詹姆斯·卡梅隆被人们认为是世界上最伟大的导演之一。in terms of 从……角度而言，根据……；in exchange for 作为……的交换；in spite of 不管，不顾；on behalf of 代表，为了。‎ ‎5.【解析】选A。考查动词时态。句意：听那音乐！那是去年七月我在一个比赛上所演奏的。根据句中的last July可知，句子谓语动词指的是过去发生的动作，要用一般过去时，故选A。‎ ‎6.【解析】选D。考查名词性从句的用法。句意：显然正确的是给所有的孩子平等的培养他们特殊天赋的机会。what在句中引导主语从句，同时又是主语从句的主语。本句也可以改写为It is obviously right to give all children equal opportunities to develop their special gift. 。‎ ‎7.【解析】选B。考查非谓语动词。句意：在大学学习时接触了大量的新观点，玛丽经常做其他人不能理解的事情以实现自己的梦想。句中expose与主句主语之间为动宾关系，故要用被动，本题中过去分词短语作原因状语。‎ ‎8.【解析】选A。考查动词短语辨析。句意：让青少年理解这一个简单的事实至关重要，那就是：对互联网上瘾从某种程度上会对精神健康和身体健康都有害。get across 使被理解；get through 通过，完成，穿过，接通；get down 下来，吞下，使沮丧；get over 克服；恢复。故选A。‎ ‎9.【解析】选C。考查定语从句。句意：总裁总是努力创造一种他的雇员能自由表达自己观点的氛围。句中atmosphere之后所接的定语从句缺少表示地点的状语，可以用where或in which来连接，故选C。‎ ‎10.【解析】选D。考查非谓语动词。句意：这家餐馆归一对老夫妇所有，它有一种其他饭店所欠缺的诱人的、家一样的氛围。句中的owned by an old couple为过去分词短语作定语，相当于定语从句which is owned by an old couple。‎ ‎11.【解析】选C。考查状语从句。句意: 向你的医生提供你的详细病历，以便他能为你提供精确的治疗。 so that 用于引导目的状语从句，意为“以便于，为了”，与句意相符；even if 即使；in case 万一，以免；as though=as if 好像，均与句意不符。故选C。‎ ‎12.【解析】选A。考查完全倒装句。句意：——我们不能在外面聊了。听，铃响了！——快点，要不我们就迟到了。以表示方位的副词there开头的句子，如果主语是名词，句子要用完全倒装，故选A。‎ ‎【易错提醒】‎ 对于完全倒装句的解读一定要准确，比如同学们常会将完全倒装和部分倒装混淆，将完全倒装的句子理解成部分倒装，所以记住完全倒装句的特点十分重要：①句子开头是表示时间的now, then, 表示方位的副词，如there, here, out, in, down, up以及表示方位的介词短语；②句子的谓语动词也一般只有一般现在时和一般过去时，且动词为不及物动词；③句子的主语是名词，而不是代词。当句子的主语是人称代词而不是名词时，则不采用倒装，只是将副词提前。‎ ‎13.【解析】选C。考查句型搭配用法。句意：我不可能向他再次道歉。这次完全是他的错。There is no way that. . . 意为“不可能……，决不……”；There is no doubt that 毫无疑问……；use常用于it is no use doing sth. 意为“做某事没有用”；wonder常用于It is no wonder that. . . 意为“难怪……，……不足为奇”。‎ ‎14.【解析】选A。考查省略句结构。句意：当一个人受到挑战时，经常会做超出自己能力的事情。句中“when________, ”部分为省略句，其完整内容为when a person is challenged, 从句的主语和主句主语一致，且从句谓语动词部分含有be动词，故采用省略句结构，只保留了过去分词形式。‎ ‎15.【解析】选C。考查情景交际。句意: ——我想制作一个可以放飞的风筝。——何必呢？你在市场上很容易就能买到一个。Why bother? “没必要吧? 费这心干吗? 何必呢? ” 表示某事没有必要去做；Why not? 为什么不呢？表示同意对方提出的建议；Good idea！ 好主意！表示接受对方的建议； No way! 决不！没门！是拒绝对方建议的一种口语表达形式。‎ 第一节 ‎【文章大意】调查表明，开车时女性要比男性更遵守交通规则，事故率更低, 开车更安全。‎ ‎16.【解析】选C。细节理解题。从文章第二段中的“Women are on average less aggressive and more law abiding drivers及The findings did back them up on one point: automotive knowledge和more men are familiar with current safety equipment可知，女性驾驶员更可能去遵守交通规则，其他三项均为男性驾驶员所具备的特点。 ‎ ‎17.【解析】选D。细节理解题。从文章第三段中的Insurance companies focus on what classes of drivers have the lowest dollar amounts of claims, and for now, that mainly includes women. In general, women pay about 9% less for auto insurance than men. 可知，保险公司之所以关注女性客户是因为她们在索赔时付出的保费要比男性低。 ‎ ‎18.【解析】选D。推理判断题。从文章最后一段所提供的数据比较来看，女性驾驶员的事故率与死亡率远低于男性，因此可推断与男性驾驶员相比较，她们是更安全的驾驶员。‎ ‎19.【解析】选B。篇章结构题。本文作者从文章第二段开始就以比较的方法对女性驾驶员在安全方面的优势与男性驾驶员进行比较，通过保险公司的调查以及最后一段的数据比较，说明女性驾驶员比男性驾驶员在道路安全方面更具优势。故选B。 ‎ 第二节 答案：20~24. BEGDA