2019高考英语一轮达标Unit5Travellingabroad练题含解析新人教版选修720180917186 9页

Travelling abroad 李仕才 一、阅读理解。‎ Johannes Vermeer is such a quiet and introspective(内省的)artist that it took hundreds of years for anyone to notice he was a genius.‎ A major Vermeer exhibition opens this month at the Louvre in Paris，whose permanent collection includes his great painting of a woman absorbed in close，visually demanding work，The Lacemaker(about 1669－1670)．Like other paintings by Vermeer，this image represents modern culture.‎ So attracted are today's art lovers by Vermeer that it was thought shocking when a recent survey found that 82% of Americans can't name who painted Girl with a Pearl Earring.Well，maybe they don't go to the movies much.‎ It is not true to say he was forgotten—that would suggest he was famous in his lifetime.He was not.Vermeer was one more painter among the many who worked for money in the Dutch Republic in the 17th century.He was not a star like Rembrandt.He obviously took himself and his art seriously.His selfreferential painting The Art of Painting proves that.Even though he worked all his life in Delft，he painted only 35 known works and left his family poor when he died in 1675 at the age of 43.‎ It is fitting that Paris is celebrating Vermeer，because it was the French avantgarde(先锋派)in the 19th century who saved him from being completely forgotten.Compare his painting Woman in Blue Reading a Letter or The Little Street with，say，Edouard Manet's A Bar at the FoliesBergère(1882)or Camille Pissarro's The Boulevard Montmartre at Night(1897)and it is easy to see why the art of Vermeer found its natural audience in Parisian bohemia.‎ All these artists are likely to have known about and admired Vermeer due to the efforts of the critic ThoréBürger，a veteran of the 1848 Revolution.‎ Vermeer's rediscovery is part of the history of modern French art.Vermeer is not only a great artist.He is a great modern artist.‎ ‎1．How many paintings produced by Vermeer are mentioned in the text?‎ A．Four. B．Five.‎ C．Six. D．Seven.‎ ‎2．What can we know about Vermeer from Paragraph 4?‎ A．He was wellknown when he was alive.‎ B．He gained a good fortune for his family.‎ C．He didn't witness the popularity of his works.‎ D．He considered painting as a way to have fun.‎ ‎3．Who made a great contribution to introducing Vermeer to other artists?‎ A．Rembrandt. B．His family.‎ C．American art lovers. D．ThoréBürger.‎ ‎4．Which of the following can be the best title for the text?‎ A．Rediscovery of Vermeer B．Anecdotes about Vermeer C．Great Modern French Art D．The Tough Way to Success in Art ‎【解题导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了著名画家Johannes Vermeer的生平和他的艺术特点。‎ ‎【难句分析】So attracted are today's art lovers by Vermeer that it was thought shocking when a recent survey found that 82% of Americans can't name who painted Girl with a Pearl Earring.‎ 分析：该句为主从复合句。主句使用了so...that...结构，表示“如此……以至于”，that引导结果状语从句；该从句中又含有when引导的时间状语从句when a recent survey found that 82% of Americans can't name who painted Girl with a Pearl Earring，在该时间状语从句中，who painted Girl with a Pearl Earring为who引导的宾语从句，作及物动词name的宾语。‎ 译文：尽管现今有许多艺术爱好者被Vermeer吸引，但是最近的一项调查发现，82%的美国人不知道《戴珍珠耳环的少女》是谁的作品，这一发现令人们震惊。‎ ‎1．B　考查细节理解。通读全文可知，本文共提及Vermeer的五幅画作，包括第二段提及的The Lacemaker、第三段提及的Girl with a Pearl Earring、第四段提及的The Art of Painting、第五段提及的Woman in Blue Reading a Letter和The Little Street，故B项正确。‎ ‎2．C　考查推理判断。根据第四段最后一句“Even though he worked all his life in Delft，he painted only 35 known works and left his family poor when he died in 1675 at the age of ‎43”‎可知，尽管他终身在代尔夫特工作，但是直到他在43岁去世时仅留下了35件被人们所知的作品，他是在贫困中离世的；结合第一段第一句“Johannes Vermeer is such a quiet and introspective(内省的)artist that it took hundreds of years for anyone to notice he was a genius”可知，人们在数百年后才发现他的艺术价值；据此可以判断，他没能看到他的作品受欢迎，故C项正确。根据第四段第四句“He was not a star like Rembrandt”可知，他在世时并不出名，故A项错误；根据第四段最后一句“Even though he ‎ worked all his life in Delft，he painted only 35 known works and left his family poor when he died in 1675 at the age of ‎43”‎可知，他在贫困中离世，并没有给家人带来财富，故B项错误；根据第四段第五句“He obviously took himself and his art seriously”可知，他对艺术是严肃认真的，故D项错误。‎ ‎3．D　考查细节理解。根据第六段“All these artists are likely to have known about and admired Vermeer due to the efforts of the critic ThoréBürger，a veteran of the 1848 Revolution”可知，由于评论家ThoréBürger的努力，Vermeer才被这些艺术家认可，故D项正确。‎ ‎4．A　考查标题判断。通读全文可知，本文主要介绍了画家Johannes Vermeer的生平和他的艺术特点。Johannes Vermeer在世时，画作并不为人所知，在贫困中死去；数百年后人们才发现他是艺术天才。故A项最适合作本文的标题。‎ 二、单句语法填空 ‎1．Choosing an ________ (occupy) takes time, and there are a lot of things you have to think about.‎ 答案：occupation　occupy为动词“占用；占领；占据”；occupation名词“占领；职业；工作”。由设空前的冠词an可知此处应填名词。‎ ‎2．Were it not for science, we could not live a ________ (comfort) life.‎ 答案：comfortable　此处需用形容词修饰名词life。live a comfortable life “过一种舒适的生活”。‎ ‎3．It is ________ (acknowledge) that China has become one of the strongest countries in the world.‎ 答案：acknowledged　It is acknowledged that ... “人们认为/据认为……”。‎ ‎4．I recommend him ________ (think) very carefully before he does anything foolish.‎ 答案：to think　recommend sb. to do ... “建议某人做某事”。‎ ‎5．It is required that the new employees ________ (provide) safety training before they start to work.‎ 答案：(should) be provided　It is required that ... (should) do ... “据要求……”为固定句式；此处从句主语employees与所给动词之间为被动关系，故用被动语态。‎ ‎6．To finish the job in an hour is out of ________ question.‎ 答案：the　out of the question “不可能的”。‎ ‎7．As far as I'm ________ (concern), it's time to share some secrets with you.‎ 答案：concerned　as far as I'm concerned “在我看来；就我而言”。‎ ‎8．He got the first prize in the competition, ________ was a surprise to his parents.‎ 答案：which　该句为which引导的非限制性定语从句，指代主句提到的整件事，在从句中作主语。‎ ‎9．Who do you ________ (think) is fit for the job?‎ 答案：think　do you think在句中作插入语，构成“特殊疑问词＋do you think＋陈述语序”结构。‎ ‎10．She wondered ________ to win the game.‎ 答案：how　“特殊疑问词＋to do”在该句中充当宾语，此外还可以充当主语、表语等。‎ 三、完形填空。‎ Something quite tragic(悲剧的)happened in our home.It had a __1__ effect on our lives.It __2__ the way we relax and even where we sit.There was no fire or flood...we __3__ our WiFi service，for over a week.‎ I was raised in the preWiFi era，so I was relatively __4__ to the situation.My children，__5__，did not have this training.When given the news that there was no WiFi in the house，their first __6__ was：“But，what will we do？”Fortunately，the TV still worked，although the children were __7__ to find that it had only 70＋ channels.‎ For the children，a(n) __8__ challenge was homework，most of which is now given online.The lack of broadband seemed to provide a new __9__ of “the dog ate my homework”excuse.My daughter __10__ that one of her friends had her water supply temporarily __11__ due to a leak，but she thought that our lack of WiFi was __12__.“Because you can go to the shop and buy water，right？”‎ My husband and I need the Internet to __13__ us to work at home.Luckily，I've found out that these days you can go to the shop to __14__ WiFi.Although expensive，it allows you to set up your own WiFi network __15__.Buying 1 GB of data makes you view your broadband differently.I don't want to __16__ it like leaving a tap running.We log on to the WiFi network and do what we have to do as __17__ as possible and log off.‎ The changes that __18__ has created in our daily life have occurred without us really __19__.The __20__ part of our time without WiFi was seeing the children make forts(堡垒)out of the sofa cushions，which they haven't done in years.‎ ‎1．A.possible B．modest C．positive D．huge ‎2．A.explored B．challenged C．improved D．guaranteed ‎3．A.received B．booked C．lost D．bought ‎4．A.addicted B．accustomed C．admitted D．attached ‎5．A.however B．therefore C．otherwise D．besides ‎6．A.impression B．inspiration C．response D．request ‎7．A.excited B．grateful C．embarrassed D．desperate ‎8．A.avoidable B．major C．enjoyable D．simple ‎9．A.version B．translation C．dimension D．collection ‎10．A.repeated B．promised C．observed D．ignored ‎11．A.fixed up B．cut off C．used up D．laid in ‎12．A.worse B．better C．clearer D．more ‎13．A.force B．encourage C．remind D．enable ‎14．A.look into B．search for C．purchase D．borrow ‎15．A.easily B．securely C．firmly D．constantly ‎16．A.share B．analyze C．store D．waste ‎17．A.steadily B．quickly C．properly D．smoothly ‎18．A.technology B．information C．knowledge D．intelligence ‎19．A.reflecting B．hearing C．appreciating D．noticing ‎20．A.rigid B．tough C．bright D．necessary ‎【解题导语】本文是一篇夹叙夹议文，讲述了WiFi对“我”家生活的影响。‎ ‎【核心词汇】have an effect on对……有影响　temporarily adv.暂时地　log on登录　occur v．发生 ‎1．D　根据上下文可知，家里没有WiFi对我们生活的影响是巨大的(huge)。possible“可能的”；modest“谦虚的”；positive“积极的”。‎ ‎2．B　根据前一句“It had a __1__ effect on our lives”和下文的“But，what will we do”可知，平时家里离不开WiFi，现在没有了，当然对我们平时的生活方式产生挑战。explore“探索”；improve“提升”；guarantee“保证”。‎ ‎3．C　根据下文的“When given the news that there was no WiFi in the house”可知，我们家里失去(lost) WiFi一个多星期；receive“收到”；book“订购”；buy“购买”。‎ ‎4．B　根据第二段第一句“I was raised in the preWiFi era”可知，“我”是在没有WiFi的时代长大的，因此对于没有了WiFi也是比较习惯的(accustomed)，be accustomed to表示“习惯于”。‎ ‎5．A　根据上下文可推知，“我”习惯无WiFi的生活，但是孩子们不习惯。上下文是转折关系，因此选however。‎ ‎6．C　根据空后的“But, what will we do”可知空处指的是他们的第一反应(response)。‎ ‎7．D　根据上下文可知，没有WiFi只有电视，且电视频道只有70多个，孩子们很绝望。excited“兴奋的”；grateful“感激的”；embarrassed“尴尬的”；desperate“绝望的”。‎ ‎8．B　根据本句的定语从句“most of which is now given online”可知，家庭作业应是孩子们的主要(major)挑战。avoidable“可避免的”；enjoyable“令人愉快的”；simple“简单的”。‎ ‎9．A　空后的“the dog ate my homework”表示“狗吃了我的作业”，此处表示没有网络是这种借口的一个新提法，故选A。‎ ‎10．C　根据空后的宾语从句“that one of her friends had her water supply temporarily__11__ due to a leak”可知，这些内容应该是女儿讲出来(observed)的。 repeat“重复”；promise“承诺”；ignore“忽略”；observe“观察，说，评论”。‎ ‎11．B　根据该空后的“due to a leak”可推知，水管漏水了，供水会被暂时中断(cut off)。‎ ‎12．A　根据上下文可知，女儿认为我们没有WiFi更糟糕(worse)。‎ ‎13．D　根据上下文可知，为了能够在家工作，丈夫和“我”需要互联网。enable sb.to do sth.表示“使某人能做某事”。‎ ‎14．C　根据下文的“Although expensive”可知，“我”去商店买(purchase)WiFi。 look into“调查”；search for“寻找”；borrow“借”。‎ ‎15．A　根据语境可知，买了WiFi，“我”建立自己的网络就容易了。‎ ‎16．D　根据本句中的“like leaving a tap running(像让水管的水不停地流着一样)”可知，我们知道让水管的水不停地流着意味着“浪费”，故选D。‎ ‎17．B　根据上下文可知，当“我”上网做事时，“我”是尽快地做，as quickly as possible表示“尽快地”。‎ ‎18．A　根据语境可知，技术已经引起了我们日常生活的改变，这些改变在我们没有注意(noticing)的情况下发生了。‎ ‎19．D　参见上题解析。reflect“反思”；hear“听到”；appreciate“欣赏”。‎ ‎20．C　根据该空后的“without WiFi was seeing the children make forts(堡垒)out of the sofa cushions，which they haven't done in years”可知，没有了WiFi，孩子们可以在一起玩，这是愉快的(bright)事情。‎ 四、单句改错 ‎1．Rose is really comfort to all of us. She brings us a lot of fun and happiness.‎ ‎______________________________________________________‎ 答案：comfort前加a　comfort表示“舒适；舒服；安慰”讲时为不可数名词，作“令人安慰的人或事”讲时为可数名词，即此处为“抽象名词具体化”的用法。‎ ‎2．Occupying with various research projects all day, he was tired out.‎ ‎______________________________________________________‎ 答案：Occupying→Occupied　(be) occupied with ... “忙着做……；忙于某事物”，形容词短语在句中作状语。‎ ‎3．Since he arrived in Beijing, he has adjusted to eat the northern food gradually.‎ ‎______________________________________________________‎ 答案：eat→eating　该词组中的to为介词，故后接名词或动名词。adjust to (doing) sth. “适应(做)某事”。‎ ‎4．The question that many students are puzzled about is how improve their oral English.‎ ‎______________________________________________________‎ 答案：how后加to　“特殊疑问词＋to do不定式短语”在该句中作表语。‎ ‎5．Charlie chaplin is acknowledged of one of the most outstanding comedians in the history of cinema.‎ ‎______________________________________________________‎ 答案：第一个of→as　be acknowledged as ... “被公认为/被认为是……”。‎ 五、短文改错 With the development of science and technology，intelligent robots will be wide used in the future. At home，robots will help people do some housework and taking care of the elderly，babies and patients.In addition to these task，robots will even be able to play the chess and do exercise with people.In factories，robots will be used to perform some dangerous jobs avoid accidents.‎ Robots will change our future life by many ways，what will make it more colorful and comfortable.Therefore，we shouldn't depend on intelligent robots too much，for they were made to help humans rather than replace us.As helpers of we humans，robots should be used properly.‎ ‎【答案】　‎ With the development of science and technology，intelligent robots will be used in the future. At home，robots will help people do some housework and care of the elderly，babies and p atients.In addition to these ，robots will even be able to play chess and do exercise with people.In factories，robots will be used to perform some dangerous jobs avoid accidents.‎ Robots will change our future life many ways， will make it more colorful and comfortable.，we shouldn't depend on intelligent robots too much，for they made to help humans rather than replace us.As helpers of humans，robots should be used properly.‎ 第一处：wide→widely。考查副词。修饰动词，故用副词。wide也可作副词，意为“尽可能广地”，不符合语境。‎ 第二处：taking→take。考查固定用法。根据该句中的“help people do some housework and”可知，此处应用原形；help sb.(to) do sth.为固定用法。‎ 第三处：task→tasks。考查名词的数。task为可数名词，根据该词前的these可知，应用复数形式。‎ 第四处：删除the。考查冠词。play chess为固定用法，意为“下象棋”；棋类名词前不用冠词。‎ 第五处：jobs后加to。考查动词不定式。在工厂里，机器人将被用于执行危险任务，以避免事故。分析句子结构可知，应用动词不定式表目的。‎ 第六处：by→in。考查介词。in many ways意为“在很多方面”。‎ 第七处：what→which。考查关系代词。分析该句结构可知，该句为非限制性定语从句，且先行词为ways，故用which引导该定语从句。‎ 第八处：Therefore→However。考查副词。上句说，机器人将改变我们未来的生活，使我们的生活多彩而舒适；该句说，我们不能过度依赖智能机器人；据此可知，两句间为转折关系，故用However。‎ 第九处：were→are。考查动词的时态。机器人是被用来帮助人类的，而不是来代替人类的。该句陈述的是客观事实，故用一般现在时。‎ 第十处：we→us。考查代词。of后接宾语，故用宾格us。‎