高考英语复习13 16页

Unit 3　The Million Pound Bank Note Ⅰ.重点单词聚焦 ‎1．Bob earned his________(船费) on an English boat when he traveled to China.‎ 答案：　passage ‎2．Usain Bolt set an________(难以置信的) world record in the 100meter race at the Beijing Olympics.‎ 答案：　unbelievable ‎3．We missed the first few________(场景) of the play because we were caught in a traffic jam.‎ 答案：　scenes ‎4．It wasn’t your________(过错)．You needn’t apologize to him.‎ 答案：　fault ‎5．The job is not tiring at all.On the________(相反)，it’s very relaxing.‎ 答案：　contrary ‎6．By law，youth under eighteen are not________(允许) to enter Net bars.‎ 答案：　permitted ‎7．These children are very naughty，so you need________(耐心) to deal with them.‎ 答案：　patience ‎8．Good________(态度，举止) are a very important key to your social success.‎ 答案：　manners ‎9．I don’t like to talk with him；he has a very________(粗鲁的) manner.‎ 答案：　rude ‎10．Recent pressure at work may________(解释) for his strange behavior.‎ 答案：　account Ⅱ.重点短语扫描 ‎1． accident/chance　　 偶然；无意中；不小心 ‎2．stare at　　　 盯着看；凝视 ‎3．account 　　　 导致；做出解释 ‎4． rags　　　 衣衫褴褛 ‎5． for/to　　　 关于；至于 ‎6．bring 　　　 抚养；培养；教育；提出 ‎7．go 　　　 前进；可以；往下说 ‎8．on the 　　　 与此相反；正相反 ‎9．to be 　　　 说实话 ‎10．take a 　　　 冒险 ‎11．from the of one’s heart　　　从心底 ‎12．take one’s 　　　 点菜 by for in as up ahead contrary honest chance bottom order Ⅲ.课文原句突破 ‎1．快到黄昏的时候，我发现自己被一阵大风刮到了大海上。‎ Well，towards nightfall I________ ________ ________ ________to sea by a strong wind.‎ 答案：　found myself carried out ‎2．第二天早上，我正感到绝望的时候，一艘船发现了我。‎ The next morning I’d just about ________ ________ ________ for lost________ I was ________by a ship.‎ 答案：　given myself up；when；spotted ‎3．是那艘船把你带到英国来的。‎ And ________ ________ ________ ________ ________brought you to England.‎ 答案：　it was the ship that ‎ ‎4．事实上，我是靠做义工来顶替船费，这正是我为什么衣冠不整的原因。‎ ‎________ ________ ________ ________I earned my passage by working as an unpaid hand，which accounts for my appearance.‎ 答案：　The fact is that ‎ ‎5．真的，先生，我希望您想来的时候，您就来。‎ Indeed，sir，I hope you’ll come here ________ you like.‎ 答案：　whenever ‎6．至于账单嘛，先生，请把它忘了吧。‎ ‎________ ________ the bill，sir，please forget it.‎ 答案：　As for scene n．(戏剧)一场；现场；场面；景色；(电影，电视的)一个镜头；(事件发生的)地点 on the scene在现场；当场 appear/come on the scene出场；登场 behind the scenes在幕后；暗中 the scene of the accident事故现场 ‎①Reporters were soon on the scene after the accident.‎ 那事故发生后不久记者们就赶到了现场。‎ ‎②The happy scene of children playing in the garden disappeared，and it was quiet again.‎ 孩子们在花园里高兴地玩得场面消失后，花园又安静下来。‎ ‎③The students were able to go behind the scenes to see how programmes are made.‎ 学生们可以到后台去看看节目是怎么制作出来的。‎ ‎④They rushed to the scene of the traffic accident.‎ 他们火速赶到车祸的现场。‎ 辨析：scene，scenery与view ‎(1)scene指都市景观或室内陈设，还可指舞台场面或部分布景，是可数名词。‎ ‎(2)scenery指山河湖海等自然景观，也可指舞台全部，是不可数名词。‎ ‎(3)view指从远处或高处看到的风景。‎ ‎1.用scene，scenery与view填空：‎ ‎(1)When I was a little boy，I lived in a small fishing village.The visit to the village reminded me of the________of my childhood.‎ ‎(2)On the top of Mount Tai，you can get a wonderful________of the sunrise.‎ ‎(3)We passed through some beautiful________on our journey through this district.‎ 答案：　(1)scene　(2)view　(3)scenery permit v．允许；容许；许可；n.许可证；执照；通行证 教材原句P18：Permit me to lead the way，sir.‎ 先生，请让我来带路吧。‎ ‎①Visitors are not permitted to take photographs.‎ 参观者请勿拍照。‎ ‎②After the law was passed，the prisoners in that state are permitted two hours’ outdoor exercise a day.此项法律通过后，那个州的犯人允许每天有两个小时的户外活动。‎ ‎③My parents didn’t permit my going with you.‎ 我父母不准我和你一起去。‎ ‎④We’ll have a picnic in the woods，weather permitting.‎ 如果天气好，我们将在树林里野餐。‎ ‎2.(2011·宁夏银川一中高三月考)The local government announced that only when the fire was under control________to return to their homes.‎ A．the residents would be permitted B．had the residents been permitted C．would the residents be permitted D．the residents had been permitted 解析：　“only＋状语”位于句首要用部分倒装的结构，另外本句用了permit sb.to do的结构，其被动语态形式为sb.be permitted to do。‎ 答案：　C fault n．责任；过错；缺点；vt.对……挑毛病 教材原句P18：It was all my fault.这都是我的错。‎ It’s one’s fault.是某人的错。‎ ‎ find fault in看出……的缺点，找出……的毛病 find fault with对……不满，挑剔 ‎①I wonder how they got lost and whose fault it was.‎ 我想知道他们是怎么迷路的，又是谁的过错。‎ ‎②Somehow，people seem to think it’s my fault for letting him in.‎ 不知怎的，人们似乎认为让他进来是我的过错。‎ ‎③He is such a man who is always finding fault with other people.‎ 他是一个总爱挑剔别人毛病的人。‎ ‎3.完成句子 ‎(1)我希望你不要再对我做的一切吹毛求疵了。‎ I wish you’d stop trying to ______________________I do.‎ ‎(2)从你的文章里我找不到错误，它完美无瑕。‎ I can’t ________________________your paper.It is perfect.‎ 答案：　(1)find fault with everything　(2)find fault in spot vt.发现；认出；点缀；n.斑点；污点；地点 教材原句P18：The next morning I’d just about given myself up for lost when I was spotted by a ship.‎ 第二天早上，我正感到绝望的时候，一艘海船发现了我。‎ ‎①I had just sat down to work when I spotted something moving on the wall.我刚刚坐下来工作就发现有东西在墙上挪动。‎ ‎②He spotted a serious mistake in the accounts.‎ 他在账目中发现了一个严重的错误。‎ ‎③I easily spotted him in the crowd because he was very tall.‎ 因为他个子非常高，我在人群中很容易就认出了他。‎ ‎④I was on the spot when the accident happened.‎ 事故发生时我在场。‎ ‎⑤This is the very spot where the accident happened.‎ 这就是事故发生的地点。‎ ‎4.完成句子 When the man was trying to break into the bank，he________________________(当场被警察抓住)．‎ 答案：　was caught by the police on the spot account vi.& vt.认为；说明；总计有；n.说明；理由；计算；账目；报道 教材原句P18：The fact is that I earned my passage by working as an unpaid hand，which accounts for my appearance.‎ 事实上我靠做义工来顶替船费，这就是我为什么衣冠不整的原因了。‎ ‎①How do you account for your absence from school yesterday?‎ 你如何解释你昨天没上学呢？‎ ‎②On no account must employers make personal telephone calls from the office.‎ ‎＝Employees must on no account make personal telephone calls from the office.雇员们决不允许在办公室打私人电话。‎ ‎③His exam results were not very good，but we must take his long illness into account.‎ 他的考试成绩不是很好，但我们必须考虑到他曾长期生病。‎ ‎④The train was delayed on account of snow.‎ 火车因下雪而延误了。‎ ‎⑤He paid the money into his account.‎ 他把钱存入他的账户里。‎ ‎5.完成句子 缺钱是她辍学的原因。‎ ‎____________________________her not continuing her studies.‎ 答案：　Lack of money accounts for ‎6．Since we are not wealthy now，we’d better take our daily expenses into________.‎ A．thought　　　 B．account C．position　　　 D．effect 解析：　考查名词辨析。take...into account/consideration为固定搭配，表示“把……考虑进去”。thought思索，想法，观点；account账户，描述，报道；position位置，方位，境况，形势，(社会)地位，职务；effect结果，效果，影响。句意为：我们现在并不富裕，因此我们应把日常的花销考虑在内。‎ 答案：　B bring up培养；抚养；教育；提出；呕吐 教材原句P17：He was brought up in Hannibal，Missouri，along the Mississippi River.他在密西西比河边的密苏里州的汉尼拔长大。‎ ‎①She has three young children to bring up on her own.‎ 她独自一人要抚养三个孩子。‎ ‎②Some people laughed at the idea when I first brought it up.‎ 我第一次把这想法提出来时受到一些人的嘲笑。‎ ‎③He was so sick that he brought up his lunch.‎ 他病得很严重，以至于把吃的午饭都吐了出来。‎ bring about引起；产生；导致；带来 bring sth.back带回某物；使想起 bring down让……降下来；使倒下 bring forward提前 bring in引入 ‎④The photographs brought back many pleasant memories.‎ 那些照片给人带来很多美好的回忆。‎ ‎⑤Science and technology has brought about many changes in our lives.科学技术给我们生活带来了诸多变化。‎ ‎⑥He made every effort to bring down the cost of living.‎ 他竭力降低生活费用。‎ ‎7.His parents died when he was five years old，so he was________by his grandparents.‎ A．taken up　　　 B．given up C．grown up　　　 D．brought up 解析：　此题考查词语辨析。句意为：他的父母在他五岁时去世，因此他由爷爷奶奶抚养大。take up占用；give up放弃；grow up长大；bring up抚养，抚育；带大。‎ 答案：　D ‎8．完成句子 The discussion came alive when an interesting topic__________________(引入)．‎ 答案：　was brought in go ahead前进；(用于祈使句)可以；往下说 教材原句P18：Go right ahead.请问吧。‎ ‎①Go ahead！I want to hear more about your plan.‎ 往下说，我想知道更多你的计划。‎ ‎②—I wonder if I could possibly use your car tonight.‎ ‎——我今天晚上能不能用你的汽车？‎ ‎—Sure，go ahead.I’m not using it anyhow.‎ ‎——当然可以，用吧。反正我也不用。‎ go against违背，反对/对……不利(无被动式)‎ go around/round/about(疾病、消息等)传播 go by过去 go over审查；查阅；复习 go through遭受；经历；通过 go without没有……也行；将就……‎ ‎③She went against her mother’s wishes.‎ 她违背了她母亲的意愿。‎ ‎④As time went by，I was made smaller.‎ 随着岁月的流逝，我被做的越来越小。‎ ‎⑤Smokers cannot go without cigarettes even a day.‎ 吸烟者哪怕一天没有香烟都不行。‎ ‎9.(全国高考)—Could I ask you a rather personal question?‎ ‎—Sure，________.‎ A．pardon me　　　 B．go ahead C．good idea　　　 D．forget it 解析：　句意为：——我可以问你一个私人问题吗？——当然可以，说吧。pardon me请再说一遍；go ahead干吧，说吧，用吧；good idea好主意；forget it没关系，不必在意；(表示不想重复说过的话)别提它了；住嘴。‎ 答案：　B ‎10．(陕西高考)—Could I use your computer for a few moments，please?‎ ‎—________.I’m not using it myself.‎ A．Come on　　　 B．It depends C．Go ahead　　　 D．That’s great 解析：　本题考查交际用语。由前置语境“我能不能用会儿你的电脑”以及后置语境“我自己现在不用”可知应选C项Go ahead用吧！去吧！干吧！而Come on加油，It depends看情况而定，That’s great太棒了，均不合题意。‎ 答案：　C The next morning I’d just about given myself up for lost when I was spotted by a ship.‎ 第二天早上，我正感到绝望的时候，一艘船发现了我。‎ had just done...when...刚做完某事，这时……‎ be doing...when...正在做……这时……‎ be about to do...when...正要做……这时……‎ be on the point of doing...when...‎ 正要做……这时……‎ ‎①He had just gone to bed when the telephone rang.‎ 他刚上床睡觉，这时电话响了。‎ ‎②He was reading newspapers when he heard his name called.‎ 他正在读报，这时听到有人叫他的名字。‎ ‎③I was about to go out when an unexpected visitor came.‎ 我正要出门，一位不速之客来访了。‎ ‎④She was on the point of leaving when I arrived.‎ 她正要离开，这时我来了。‎ when用作连词，意为“既然”。‎ ‎⑤How can they expect to learn anything when they never listen?‎ 既然他们从不听讲，他们怎么能指望学到东西呢？‎ ‎11.(2010·全国卷Ⅱ)Tom was about to close the window　　　　his attention was caught by a bird.‎ A．when　　　 B．if C．and　　　 D．till 解析：　句意为：汤姆正要关上窗户，就在这时一只鸟引起了他的注意。在句式“...be about to do when...”中，when作并列连词，相当于and at that time，句中was about to do为标志词，故答案为A项。‎ 答案：　A ‎12．(2009·福建卷)She had just finished her homework________her mother asked her to practise playing the piano yesterday.‎ A．when　　　 B．while C．after　　　 D．since 解析：　句意为：昨天她刚做完作业，她妈妈就让她练钢琴。when在本句中作并列连词，意为：and at that time。while作并列连词，表示“对比转折”；after为从属连词或介词，意为“在……之后”；since自从……时候，既然……。‎ 答案：　A ‎13．(四川高考)There were some chairs left over________everyone had sat down.‎ A．when　　　 B．until C．that　　　 D．where 解析：　句意为：虽然所有人都坐下了，但还有一些椅子剩下。when放在句中时有even though之意。‎ 答案：　A ‎14．(辽宁高考)I used to love that film________I was a child，but I don’t feel it that way any more.‎ A．once　　　 B．when C．since　　　 D．although 解析：　句意为：当我是个小孩的时候我曾经很喜欢那部电影，但现在我再也没有那种感觉了。A.一旦；B.当……的时候；C.自从……以来；既然；D.尽管，根据句意选B。‎ 答案：　B Indeed，sir，I hope you’ll come here whenever you like.真的，先生， 我希望您想来的时候，您就来。‎ whenever意为“在任何时候，无论何时”。‎ ‎(1)whenever，wherever，however引导让步状语从句，相当于no matter when/where/how。‎ ‎(2)whatever，whoever，whichever，whomever既可引导名词性从句，也可引导让步状语从句，在引导让步状语从句时相当于no matter what/who/which/whom。‎ ‎(3)however用作连接副词，相当于no matter how，引导让步状语从句，意思是“不管怎样……；无论如何……”，具体结构为：however＋形容词/副词＋主语＋谓语。‎ ‎①Whenever we met with difficulties，they came to help us.‎ 每当我们遇到困难的时候，他们都会帮助我们。‎ ‎②However great the difficulties are，we must complete the task in time.不管困难有多大，我们都必须及时完成任务。‎ ‎③Whatever your problems are，you mustn’t lose heart.‎ 不管你面临的是什么问题，都不要失去信心。‎ ‎④Whoever breaks the law should be punished.(whoever不能换成no matter who)无论谁触犯法律，都应受到惩罚。‎ whichever，whatever在句中还可作定语。‎ The content is the same whichever book you choose.‎ 不管你选哪一本书，内容都是一样的。‎ ‎15.(2010·上海卷)________you may have，you should gather your courage to face the challenge.‎ A．However a serious problem B．What a serious problem C．However serious a problem D．What serious a problem 解析：　句意为：不论你的问题有多严重，你都应该鼓起勇气，接受挑战。考查状语从句。分析题干可知逗号前是让步状语从句，what不能用来引导状语从句，所以排除B、D两项；however＋adj.＋a/an＋单数名词＝whatever＋a/an＋adj.＋单数名词，故C项正确。‎ 答案：　C Well，towards nightfall I found myself carried out to sea by a strong wind. ‎ 哦，快到黄昏的时候，我发现自己被一阵大风刮到了大海上。‎ find oneself...发现自己处于某种境地，而且含有一种“在不知不觉中……”的意思。‎ ‎①When day broke，we found ourselves in a small village at the foot of the mountain.‎ 天亮时，我们发现自己来到了那座山脚下的一个小村子里。‎ ‎②When he came to himself，he found himself lying in hospital.‎ 当他醒来时，发现自己躺在医院里。‎ ‎③I found myself surrounded by a group of children.‎ 我发现自己被一群孩子围住了。‎ ‎④A group of children were found playing on the playground.‎ 有人发现一群孩子正在操场上玩耍。‎ ‎16.He found his son________by letters and papers and________very worried.‎ A．surrounding；looked　　　‎ B．surrounded；looked C．surrounding；looking　　　‎ D．surrounded；looking 解析：　动词的过去分词充当宾补，表示被动；动词的现在分词充当宾补，表示主动。根据句意应选D。‎ 答案：　D ‎17．A cook will be immediately fired if he is found ________ in the kitchen.‎ A．smoke　　　 B．smoking C．to smoke　　　D．smoked 解析：　句意为：如果发现厨师在厨房里吸烟，他将马上被解雇。本题考查的是“find＋宾语＋宾补”的结构，主语补足语的选择与宾语补足语的选择方法相同。由“发现厨师在厨房里吸烟”，可知“厨师”与“吸烟”之间在逻辑上是主谓关系(或主动关系)且强调“吸烟”这一动作正在进行之中。所以smoking是最佳答案。‎ 答案：　B Ⅰ.完成句子 ‎1．His grandmother and his father______________________(将他抚养成人)．‎ 答案：　brought him up ‎2．I’ll see you after the meeting__________________(如果时间允许的话)．‎ 答案：　if time permits ‎3．__________________________(我偶然碰见她) in the street.‎ 答案：　I met her by accident ‎4．He lifted his head and______________________(盯着她看)．‎ 答案：　stared at her ‎5．Even in New York you still see______________________(很多人穿得破破烂烂)．‎ 答案：　many people in rags ‎6．__________________(关于我的过去)，I’m not telling you anything.‎ 答案：　As for/to my past ‎7．Though，he was told it was hard to find job there，he still decided to______________(冒险)．‎ 答案：　take a chance/risk ‎8．You didn’t bother me.__________________(相反) I like your company.‎ 答案：　On the contrary Ⅱ.巧思妙解 ‎1．(2009·陕西卷)The howto book can be of help to________wants to do the job.‎ A．who　　　　　　　　　　 B．whomever C．no matter who　　　 D．whoever 解析：　句意为：指南类的书对想从事这项工作的任何人都会有帮助。本题考查名词性从句。首先排除C项，no matter who只能引导状语从句；who表特指；whomever与whoever同样可以表示任何人，但设空处连接代词需作宾语从句的主语，故排除B项。‎ 答案：　D ‎2．(浙江高考)________wants to stay in a hotel has to pay their own way.‎ A．Anyone　　　 B．The one C．Whoever　　　 D．Who 解析：　句意为：任何一个想住在旅馆里的人必须支付自己的费用。whoever此处引导名词性从句，相当于anyone who。anyone和the one后少who，who表特指，故被排除。‎ 答案：　C ‎3．(2011·东城第一学期检测)The magnificent tower must be saved，________the cost!‎ A．however　　　 B．whichever C．whatever　　　 D．wherever 解析：　考查连词。该句是省略句，省略了谓语动词is，补充完整就是whatever the cost is，由此可以看出从句中缺少的是表语。whichever表示在特定范围内选择，而句中没有可供选择的范围，所以要用whatever，相当于no matter what，在此引导让步状语从句。‎ 答案：　C ‎4．(辽宁高考)________hungry I am，I never seem to be able to finish off this loaf of bread.‎ A．Whatever　　　 B．Whenever C．Wherever　　　 D．However 解析：　句意为：无论我多饿，看来我都吃不了那大片面包。A.无论什么，常与名词连用或引导名词性从句；B.无论什么时候；C.无论在哪里；D.无论多么或怎样，常与形容词或副词连用，故选D。‎ 答案：　D ‎5．________we gave him something to eat，he would save it up for his little sister.‎ A．Whatever　　　 B．However C．Whichever　　　 D．Whenever 解析：　考查连词。句意为：“无论何时我们给他东西吃，他总是留下一些给他小妹妹。”‎ 答案：　D Ⅲ.语法专练 本单元语法——宾语从句和表语从句 ‎1．(2011·安徽皖南八校联考)—You know，I’m poor in Chinese，you are not good at English，and...‎ ‎—That’s________we should help each other.‎ A．when　　　 B．where C．how　　　 D．what 解析：　考查名词性从句。where引导的从句作表语，where在句中的意思是“……的地方”。‎ 答案：　B ‎2．(2011·北京东城区期末)Water，which seems so simple and common，is________makes life possible.‎ A．what　　　 B．that C．which　　　 D．how 解析：　考查表语从句。名词性从句的解题原则是“缺什么补什么”，此处表语从句“________makes life possible”中缺少“主语”，同时“主语”不表示“人”，用what(表示人时应该选用who)。‎ 答案：　A ‎3．(2011·北京海淀区期末)Sorry I’m so late，but you cannot imagine________great trouble I took to find your house.‎ A．what　　　 B．how C．which　　　 D．why 解析：　考查宾语从句。take great trouble to do something表示“不辞辛劳地做某事”。在此，what引导的宾语从句同时是一个感叹句，what修饰名词trouble。而how在感叹句中修饰形容词或副词。‎ 答案：　A ‎4．(2010·成都毕业班诊断性检测)Professor Backman took up scientific research for decades，and this is________he devoted all his life to.‎ A．which　　　 B．what C．where　　　 D．how 解析：　考查名词性从句。what引导表语从句且在从句中作介词to的宾语，表示“什么”。‎ 答案：　B ‎5．(2010·绵阳三诊)After five hours’ drive，they reached________they thought was the place they had been dreaming of.‎ A．where　　　 B．what C．which　　　 D．that 解析：　考查宾语从句。句意为：驱车五个小时之后，他们来到了他们认为是他们一直梦寐以求的地方。句中what引导宾语从句，且作从句的主语，其中they thought是插入语。‎ 答案：　B