2020版高考英语一轮基础习选题 Unit 3 Computers（含解析）新人教版必修2 10页

Unit 3 Computers 李仕才 一、阅读理解 The wedding tradition of“something old，something new，something borrowed and something blue”has been around for hundreds of years.The tradition of carrying or wearing one of each item is said to bring luck and fortune to the newly married couple.Have you ever stopped to think what the saying really means？What is its origin and what does each item represent?‎ The original saying dates back to the Victoria times and states，“something old，something new，something borrowed，something blue and a silver sixpence in your shoe.”‎ Something old A bride may wear or carry something old to represent her continued ties to her family and her old life.Many brides wear a piece of family jewelry as their old item.Some brides wear the wedding dress worn by their mother or grandmother.In many cases，something old may also be something borrowed.‎ Something new Wearing something new is supposed to represent success and hope in the bride's new life and in her marriage.If the bride purchases her wedding dress，it may represent her new item，but any item that is new may be used.Something“new” is usually the easiest kind to fill.‎ Something borrowed The borrowed item should be something borrowed from a friend that is happily married.It is said that their happiness will rub off on you and bring lasting happiness to your marriage.Some brides borrow an item of clothing，a piece of jewelry，a handkerchief or perhaps a beaded(饰以珠子的)purse.‎ Something blue Wearing something blue dates back to ancient times when a blue wedding dress was worn to represent purity，fidelity and love.‎ A silver sixpence Placing a silver sixpence in the bride's left shoe is said to be a symbol of wealth.This not only refers to financial wealth，but also a wealth of happiness and joy throughout her married life.Since most brides probably don't even know what a sixpence is，this part of the tradition is not used very often in modern times.However，if a bride would like to include it in her wedding，she can purchase a silver sixpence from many companies that sell bridal supplies such as garters (袜带)and invitations.‎ ‎1．Why does the first paragraph end with two questions?‎ A．To invite readers to answer them at once.‎ 10‎ B．To show the importance of this tradition.‎ C．To have readers' interest and attention.‎ D．To test readers' knowledge about wedding.‎ ‎2．Which of the following statements is TRUE?‎ A．Something old might also be something borrowed actually.‎ B．The part of the tradition“a silver sixpence”is never used now.‎ C．The borrowed item can be something borrowed from any friend.‎ D．Something new is usually the most difficult and expensive kind to fill.‎ ‎3．What can we infer from the passage?‎ A．No brides now are not familiar with the silver sixpence.‎ B．Every item represents something good for the new couple.‎ C．The bride will be more beautiful with all these five items.‎ D．Of the five items，something blue is the most important one.‎ ‎4．Which word can replace the underlined word“fidelity” in the sixth paragraph?‎ A．Success.　 B．Wealth.‎ C．Loyalty. D．Opportunity.‎ ‎【解题导语】本文是一篇总分结构的说明文，介绍了西方一种传统的婚礼习俗的起源和含义。‎ ‎1．C　考查推理判断。根据文章内容可知，这两个问句承上启下，引起读者的阅读兴趣和注意力。‎ ‎2．A　考查细节理解。根据第三段中的“In many cases, something old may also be something borrowed”可知，一些老的物件也可以是借来的。根据最后一段中的“this part of the tradition is not used very often in modern times”可知，B选项错误；根据第五段中的“The borrowed item should be something borrowed from a friend that is happily married ”可知，C项错在“any friend”； D项与文中的“Something‘new’is usually the easiest kind to fill”不符，故排除。‎ ‎3．B　考查推理判断。通读全文可推测出，这几样新婚佩戴的物件都会给新婚夫妇带来好处。根据最后一段中的“Since most brides probably don't even know what a sixpence is”可知，现在大部分新娘都不知道六便士硬币是什么，故A选项“现在，新娘都熟悉六便士硬币”错误；C选项错误，文中只说这些物件会给新婚夫妇带来好处，并未涉及新娘佩戴这些物件后是否漂亮的问题；这五种物件哪个更重要文中并未提及，因此D项错误。‎ ‎4．C　考查词义猜测。根据语境并结合画线词前的purity和其后的love可推知，“fidelity”此处意思为“忠诚”，即“loyalty”。‎ 10‎ 二、单句语法填空 ‎1．Every year a flood of farmers arrive in Shenzhen for the moneymaking jobs they ________(promise) before.‎ 答案：have been promised　由主句谓语动词的时态及从句的时间副词before可知，本从句的谓语动词应用现在完成时，且they和promise之间存在被动关系，故填have been promised。‎ ‎2．________(person), I think he is a very good man, but you may not agree.‎ 答案：Personally　副词personally “就我个人而言”，相当于personally speaking。‎ ‎3．It won't be long ________we know the result of the experiment.‎ 答案：before　It won't be long before ... “不久之后就……”，是固定句式。‎ ‎4．He was ________(total) uninterested in sports.‎ 答案：totally　应用副词修饰形容词uninterested，故填totally。‎ ‎5．An hour later, I woke up suddenly with the ________(solve) clearly in mind.‎ 答案：solution　由空前the可知此处应用名词solution “解决方法”。‎ ‎6．A man stood up and crossed his arms over his head, ________ (signal) that he was strongly opposed.‎ 答案：signalling　句中已有谓语动词stood和crossed，由空前逗号知应用非谓语动词形式，且signal与逻辑主语A man之间是主动关系，且signal和句子谓语stood up及crossed所表示的动作同时发生，因此填signalling。‎ ‎7．Several problems like those ________(arise) at the power plant so far.‎ 答案：have arisen　由“so far”可知应用现在完成时。‎ ‎8．The students are looking forward to having an opportunity ________(explore) society for reallife experience.‎ 答案：to explore　have an opportunity to do sth. “有机会做某事”。‎ ‎9．The law needs to be ________(simple)．‎ 答案：simplified　need to do sth. “需要做某事”，由设空前的be动词及句意可知，此处需用动词的过去分词构成被动语态，故填simplified。‎ ‎10．We received 400 ________(apply) for the job.‎ 答案：applications　由修饰限定词400可知，此处应填名词，且用其复数形式。‎ 三、完形填空 Walking through the park one autumn day, I passed some children selling hot ‎ 10‎ chocolate. One girl, 1 , asked, “Would you like to help 2 our park and playground? It’s only 50 cents a cup.” Of course, I couldn’t resist it, and felt 3 that kids this young had such a(an) ‎4 in improving their community. It seems that this group of kids, who were having great fun pouring hot chocolate and feeling 5 that they were helping a local cause, already grasped a fundamental idea about 6 out to help others: It feels great! No matter your age or the size of your gesture, whether it is giving out drinks, baking cookies, 7 toys to underprivileged(贫困的)kids, ‎8 a pet from a shelter, or giving clothing to homeless people, giving does a heart good.‎ This valuable 9 usually shines brightest around the holidays--a time when we pause to 10 on our good fortune and on those not so 11 . But it’s really an important year-round lesson, and not just because being charitable(仁慈的)is the 12 thing to do. Giving to others helps lessen two major 13 on today’s families.‎ The onslaught(狂轰烂炸)of materialism with its 14 on self-centeredness. From a constant onslaught of 15 —on TV, in the movies, and on computer screens—we are 16 to “need” the next cool gadget(小玩意), pair of sports shoes, or toys. Our children are particularly 17 influenced by advertisers who focus on their desire to fit in, which in turn can lead to a “give me” mindset(心态)early.‎ The over-exposure to bad news, which causes 18 . In the past few years, terrifying images of violence and chaos have been difficult to 19 . These tragic events upset our children and can leave them feeling powerless and sad.‎ We can’t completely shelter our children from these 20 . But we can combat their influence by teaching our children to give their time and talents to help others—an act that changes the way of the world.‎ ‎1. A. sighing B. weeping C. smiling D. bargaining 10‎ ‎【答案】C ‎【解析】根据本空后的“Would you like”可知，这个小女孩是笑着(smile)问“我”的，故C项正确。‎ ‎2. A. support B. promote C. reply D. trust ‎【答案】A ‎【解析】根据本空后的“our park and playground”可知，这个小女孩是笑着问“我”是否愿意帮助支持(support)他们的公园和操场的建设，故A项正确。‎ ‎3. A. confused B. absorbed C. urged D. impressed ‎【答案】D ‎【解析】根据本空前的“I couldn’t resist it”可知，这个小女孩的请求让“我”觉得印象是深刻的(impressed)，故D项正确。‎ ‎4. A. interest B. investment C. hatred D. adventure ‎【答案】A ‎【解析】根据本空后的“in improving their community. ”可知，让“我”印象深刻的是这个小女孩对改善社区有如此大的兴趣(interest)，故A项正确。‎ ‎5. A. awful B. desperate C. proud D. doubtful ‎【答案】C ‎【解析】根据本空后的“they were helping a local cause”可知，这些孩子为帮助地方事业建设而感到骄傲(proud)，故C项正确。‎ ‎6. A. blowing B. leaking C. breaking D. reaching ‎【答案】D ‎7. A. abandoning B. classifying C. selling D. donating ‎【答案】D ‎【解析】根据本空后的“to underprivileged kids”可知，此处是说给贫困儿童捐赠(donate)玩具，故D项正确。‎ ‎8. A. adopting B. adapting C. adjusting D. abusing 10‎ ‎【答案】A ‎【解析】根据本空后的“a pet from a shelter”可知，此处是说从庇护所领养(adopt)一个宠物，故A项正确。‎ ‎9. A. suggestion B. lesson C. academy D. determination ‎【答案】B ‎【解析】根据本空后的“usually shines brightest around the holidays”及下文中“lesson”的提示可知，这个宝贵的教训(lesson)在整个假期闪闪发光，故B项正确。‎ ‎10. A. depend B. comment C. feed D. reflect ‎【答案】D ‎【解析】根据本空后的“on our good fortune”可知，此处是说我们停下来思考(reflect on)我们的好运，故D 项正确。‎ ‎11. A. worn-out B. eye-catching C. laid-off D. well-off ‎【答案】D ‎【解析】根据本空前的“good fortune”可知，此处是说那些并不富裕的(well-off)人，故D项正确。‎ ‎12. A. ambiguous B. convenient C. right D. innocent ‎ ‎【答案】C ‎【解析】根据本空前的“being charitable”可知，此处是说仁慈是正确的(right)事情，故C项正确。‎ ‎13. A. illnesses B. stresses C. chances D. burdens ‎【答案】B ‎【解析】根据本空前的“Giving to others helps lessen”可知，此处是说帮助他人缓解生活中的两大压力(stress)，故B项正确。‎ ‎14. A. effect B. emphasis C. advice D. analysis ‎【答案】B 10‎ ‎【解析】根据本空后的“self-centeredness”可知，此处是说物质主义强调(emphasis)自我为中心，故B项正确。‎ ‎15. A. advertising B. competing C. meeting D. negotiating ‎【答案】A ‎【解析】根据下文中的“advertisers”可知，此处是说广告(advertising)的狂轰滥炸，故A项正确。‎ ‎16. A. prohibited B. encouraged C. frightened D. threatened ‎【答案】B ‎【解析】根据本空后的“to ‘need’ the next cool gadget(小玩意), pair of sports shoes, or toys. ”可知，广告的狂轰滥炸目的是鼓励(encourage)我们买东西，故B项正确。‎ ‎17. A. easily B. slightly C. increasingly D. indirectly ‎【答案】A ‎【解析】上文说广告的狂轰滥炸鼓励我们买东西，此处是说我们的孩子特别容易(easily)受其影响，故A项正确。‎ ‎18. A. advance B. embarrassment C. disagreement D. fear ‎ ‎【答案】D ‎19. A. win B. avoid C. persuade D. defeat ‎【答案】B ‎【解析】根据本空后的“These tragic events upset our children and can leave them feeling powerless and sad. ”可知，暴力和脏乱的画面很难避免(avoid)，故B项正确。‎ ‎20. A. realities B. requests C. profits D. applications ‎【答案】A 10‎ ‎【解析】根据本空后的“But we can combat their influence by teaching our children to give their time and talents to help others”可知，此处是说我们虽然不能让孩子们免受这些现实(reality)的冲击，但可以通过教他们帮助他人来对抗这种影响，故A项正确。‎ 四、单句改错 ‎1．We are sure that everything will be better with time goes by.‎ ‎________________________________________________________‎ 答案：with→as或goes→going　as time goes by与with time going by均表示“随着时间的推移”。as在此为连词，后接句子；with为介词，可看作with的复合结构作状语。‎ ‎2．Can you give me some advice on what to deal with this problem?‎ ‎________________________________________________________‎ 答案：what→how或deal→do　what to do with ... ＝how to deal with ... “如何处理……”。‎ ‎3．There is very much homework that I can't have much time to experience nature.‎ ‎________________________________________________________‎ 答案：very→so　so ... that ... “如此……以至于……”。‎ ‎4．He was late as a result the heavy snow.‎ ‎________________________________________________________‎ 答案：result后加of　as a result of ... “由于……”。‎ ‎5．I am always dreaming of visiting China, and now my dream has been come true.‎ ‎________________________________________________________‎ 答案：去掉been　come true是不及物动词短语，不能用于被动语态。‎ 五、七选五 Everyone makes mistakes.1.___________ Making a mistake at work，however，can be more serious. It may cause problems for your employer and even affect the company’s bottom line.Evil consequences will finally come down to you.Simply correcting your mistake and moving on may not be an option. When you make a mistake at work, your career may depend on what you do next.‎ Admit your mistake.‎ Tell your boss about your mistake immediately.The only exception is if you make an insignificant error that will not affect anyone.Otherwise，don’t try to hide 10‎ ‎ your mistake. 2.___________ ．‎ Present your boss with a plan to fix your mistake.‎ When you go to your boss’s office to admit your mistake，you must have a plan for correcting it.Present your plan clearly.Tell your boss how long it will take to carry out your plan and if there are any costs involved. ‎ Don’t blame anyone else for your mistake.‎ ‎3．___________ ．Encourage those who may share responsibility to follow your lead in admitting to your boss. ‎ ‎4．___________ ．‎ There’s a big difference between admitting your mistake and beating yourself up about it.Take responsibility but don’t blame yourself for making it，especially in public.‎ Correct your mistake on your own time.‎ If you have to spend extra hours at work to correct your mistake，don’t expect to be paid for that time.5.___________ ．‎ A．Apologize for your mistake but don’t beat yourself up B．Usually you can correct your error or just forget about it and move on C．You can use your lunch hour or come into work early D．Pointing fingers won’t help you if you make a mistake E．Strengthen your friendship with your boss F．You’ll feel ashamed if your colleague takes the responsibility for you G．You will look terrible if someone else discovers it ‎【解题导语】　每个人都会犯错误，但是在工作中犯错常常导致严重的后果。如何改正工作中所犯的错误呢？本文给出了五点建议。‎ ‎1．B　解析：根据空处前句“每个人都会犯错误”并结合下文的“Simply correcting your mistake and moving on may not be an option.”可知，空处与下文对应，故此处应选B。你通常会改正错误，或者干脆忘记它继续前行。‎ ‎2．G　解析：由空前一句可知，不要掩盖错误；据此可以判断，选G项，陈述掩盖错误的后果。‎ ‎3．D　解析：根据该段标题“Don’t blame anyone else for your mistake.”可知，不要为你的错误指责他人；据此可知，该段主要阐述“不要推卸责任”这一建议，故选D项。‎ ‎4．A　解析：根据空处位置可知，空处为该段标题，即该段的主旨；根据该段的第一句“There’s a big difference between admitting your mistake and beating yourself up about it.”可知，该段主要阐述“为自己的错误道歉但是不要太责怪自己”，故选A项。‎ 10‎ ‎5．C　解析：根据该段标题“Correct your mistake on your own time.”可知，该段主要阐述“用自己的时间去改正错误”这一建议；C项中的“your lunch hour or come into work early”与“your own time”对应，故C项正确。‎ 10‎