2014年版高考英语二轮复习随堂达标测试18 10页

限时精练五45分钟综合性过关小练习(三)‎ 注意事项:‎ ‎1. 答题前,考生务必将学校、班级、姓名写在密封线内。‎ ‎2. 请将选择题的答案根据老师批改需要填写在试卷第3页所附的答题栏内。‎ 一、 完形填空 请认真阅读下面短文,从短文后各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中,选出最佳选项。‎ The concept of solitude(独处) in the digital world is almost non-existent. In the world of digital technology, e-mail, social networking and online video games, information is meant to be 　1　. Solitude can be hard to discover 　2　 it has been given up. In this respect, new technologies have 　3　 our culture. ‎ The desire to be connected has brought solitude to a(an)　4　 as we’ve known it. People have become so 　5　 in the world of networks and connections that one can often be contacted 　6　 they’d rather not be. Today we can talk, text, e-mail, chat and blog(写博客), not only from our 　7　, but from our mobile phones as well. ‎ Most developed nations have become　8　 on digital technology simply because they’ve grown accustomed to it, and at this point not 　9　 it would make them an outsider. 　10　, many jobs and careers require people to be 　11　. From this point of view, technology has changed the culture of work. Being reachable might feel like a 　12　 to those who may not want to be able to be contacted at all times. ‎ I suppose the positive side is that solitude is still possible for anyone who　13　 wants it. Computers can be shut 　14　 and mobile phones can be turned off. The ability to be “connected” and “on” has many 　15　, as well as disadvantages. Travelers have ended up 　16　 on mountains, and mobile phones have saved countless lives. They can also make people feel 　17　 and forced to answer unwanted calls or 　18　 to unwanted texts. ‎ Attitudes towards our connectedness as a society　19　 across generations. Some find today’s technology a gift. Others consider it a curse. Regardless of anyone’s view on the subject, it’s hard to imagine what life would be like 　20　 daily advancements in technology. ‎ ‎(　　)1. A. updated B. received C. shared D. collected ‎(　　)2. A. though 　　　B. until C. once D. before ‎(　　)3. A. respected B. shaped C. ignored D. preserved ‎(　　)4. A. edge 　　　B. stage C. end D. balance ‎(　　)5. A. sensitive B. intelligent C. considerate D. reachable ‎(　　)6. A. even if 　　　B. only if C. as if D. if only ‎(　　)7. A. media 　　　B. computers C. databases 　D. monitors ‎(　　)8. A. bent 　　　B. hard　　 C. keen 　D. dependent ‎(　　)9. A. finding 　　　B. using C. protecting　D. changing ‎(　　)10. A. Also 　　　B. Instead C. Otherwise　 D. Somehow ‎(　　)11. A. connected B. trained C. recommended D. interested ‎(　　)12. A. pleasure B. benefit C. burden D. disappointment ‎(　　)13. A. slightly B. hardly C. merely D. really ‎(　　)14. A. out 　　　B. down C. up 　　　D. in ‎(　　)15. A. aspects B. weaknesses　 C. advantages 　　D. exceptions ‎(　　)16. A. hidden B. lost C. relaxed D. deserted ‎(　　)17. A. trapped B. excited C. confused D. amused ‎(　　)18. A. turn 　　　B. submit C. object D. reply ‎(　　)19. A. vary 　　　B. arise C. spread D. exist ‎(　　)20. A. beyond B. within C. despite D. without 二、 阅读理解 请认真阅读下列短文,从短文后各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中,选出最佳选项。‎ A Petroleum, consisting of crude oil(原油) and natural gas, seems to originate from organic matter in marine sediment(海洋沉淀物). Tiny organisms settle to the seafloor and gather in marine mud. The organic matter may partially break down, using up the dissolved oxygen in the sediment. As soon as the oxygen is gone, decay stops and the remaining organic matter is preserved.‎ Continued sedimentation buries the organic matter and subjects it to higher temperatures and pressures, which change the organic matter to oil and gas. As muddy sediments are pressed together, the gas and small drops of oil may be squeezed out of the mud and may move into sandy layers nearby. Over millions of years, accumulations of gas and oil can collect in the sandy layers. Both oil and gas are less dense than water, so they generally tend to rise upward through rock and sediment.‎ Oil pools are valuable underground accumulations of oil, and oil fields are regions underlain by one or more oil pools. When an oil pool or field is discovered, wells are drilled into the ground. When the well reaches a pool, oil usually rises up the well because of its density difference(密度差) with water beneath it or because of the pressure of expanding gas trapped above it. Although this rise of oil is almost always carefully controlled today, strong natural flows of oil were common in the past. Gas pressure gradually dies out, and oil is pumped from the well. Water or steam may be pumped down neighboring wells to help push the oil out.‎ As oil becomes increasingly difficult to find, the search for it is extended into more unfriendly environments. The development of the oil field on the North Slope of Alaska and the construction of the Alaska pipeline are examples of the great ‎ expense and difficulty involved in new oil discoveries. Offshore drilling platforms extend the search for oil to the ocean’s continental shelves. More than one-quarter of the world’s oil and almost one-fifth of the world’s natural gas come from offshore, even though offshore drilling is six to seven times more expensive than drilling on land.‎ Of course, there is far more oil underground than can be recovered. Even given the best exploration techniques, only about 30 to 40 per cent of the oil in a given pool can be brought to the surface. The rest is far too difficult to reach and has to remain underground.‎ ‎(　　)21. Which of the following is TRUE about petroleum formation?‎ A. Microscopic organisms that live in mud produce crude oil and natural gas.‎ B. Large amounts of oxygen are needed for petroleum formation to begin.‎ C. Petroleum is formed when organic material in sediments combines with decaying organisms.‎ D. Petroleum formation appears to begin in marine sediments where organic matter exists.‎ ‎(　　)22. What does the development of the Alaskan oil field mentioned illustrate?‎ A. More petroleum is extracted from the sea than from land.‎ B. Drilling for oil requires huge financial investments.‎ C. The global demand for oil has been increasing over the years.‎ D. The North Slope of Alaska has substantial amounts of oil.‎ ‎(　　)23. What does the author mainly intend to tell us in the passage?‎ A. The formation, processing and exploration of petroleum.‎ B. The specific techniques involved in oil exploration.‎ C. The changing relationships between countries.‎ D. The future intense situation in oil product markets.‎ ‎(　　)24. What can we infer from the passage?‎ A. Available exploration techniques serve our purpose of exploring oil very well.‎ B. More and more public regions will be further protected from being drilled in the future.‎ C. Countries may suffer from unpleasant relationships for respective benefits in exploring oil.‎ D. Powerful flows of oil is a phenomenon which can be witnessed rarely now.‎ B The early lack of exposure to science, technology, engineering and mathematics(STEM)can be harmful to achieving gender(性别) balance in these fields. It begins when we are young and continues throughout our time in high school.‎ While at home, girls generally don’t get to experience the level of exposure or encouragement in STEM fields that their male counterparts do. It is often subtle, but it’s the first hurdle that faces and confuses so many women. Boys, on the other hand, get on their path, and are encouraged to do so, generally earlier than girls. For example, boys are more often given science sets as toys, which spark an interest in these subjects.‎ In school, boys are often pushed to take the more challenging math and science classes. So if we want to attract the best and brightest minds into the fields that will advance us as a people, a country, and a planet, we can no longer look to only half of the population. Young girls cannot possibly consider opportunities they do not know exist. If girls are not exposed to certain subject and career paths, they are highly unlikely to choose to follow them in college.‎ Our bias(偏见) towards girls, either from families or from schools, is so rooted in our culture that we often don’t even recognize it. Although the situation has ‎ changed greatly in the past 20 or 30 years, there is still a sense, that girls aren’t as good at math, for instance, even though there is almost no evidence to support such a belief.‎ It is important that as a society we deal with gender stereotypes long before young people are faced with a decision to declare or choose a major in college. Without making efforts to break them, we are limiting the potentials of our youth, both male and female. Providing the necessary resources, exposure, and encouragement would help young women understand that their gender shouldn’t determine the career path they choose, and that pursuing a STEM career does not make them less feminine.‎ ‎(　　)25. According to the passage, not many girls grow to enter STEM fields because 　　　　. ‎ A. girls are not as good at STEM as boys B. girls do not like to take science classes C. girls get fewer chances to know about STEM D. girls seldom survive the high pressure positions ‎(　　)26. The underlined word “it” in Para.4 refers to 　　　　. ‎ A. our bias B. our culture C. the situation D. a sense ‎(　　)27. The main purpose of the passage is to 　　　　. ‎ A. show women’s potentials in STEM fields B. praise women’s contributions to STEM fields C. describe the present gender bias in STEM fields D. call for more involvement of women in STEM fields ‎(　　)28. Which of the following shows the structure of the passage?‎ ACP: Central Point　　　BP: Point　　CSp: Sub-point(次要点)　　DC: Conclusion 三、 书面表达 请根据右图写一篇150词左右的短文,要求如下:‎ ‎1. 描述图片的内容;‎ ‎2. 这幅图片给你的启示;‎ ‎3. 你的建议。‎ 参考词汇:艺术学院Academy of Arts;独木桥single-plank bridge ‎  ‎ ‎　　　　　　　　　‎ ‎45分钟综合性过关小练习(三)‎ 一、 完形填空 本文是一篇议论文。在现代社会中，由于数字技术的发展，我们独处的概念几乎不复存在。尽管人们对现代技术的发展持有不同的看法，但是技术的进步改变了我们的生活。让我们尽情地享受生活。‎ ‎1. C　‎ ‎2. C　‎ ‎3. B　‎ ‎4. C ‎5. D ‎6. A ‎7. B ‎8. D ‎9. B ‎10. A　‎ ‎11. A　‎ ‎12. C ‎13. D ‎14. B ‎15. C ‎16. B ‎17. A　‎ ‎18. D　‎ ‎19. A ‎20. D　‎ 二、 阅读理解 A 本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了石油的成分、形成过程和开发使用等相关内容。‎ ‎21. D ‎22. B　‎ ‎23. A　‎ ‎24. D B 本文是一篇议论文。由于受传统偏见的影响，女孩最终进入STEM(科学、技术、工程、数学)领域的人数不多，直接导致了这些领域中男女比例失衡。作者呼吁，让更多的女性参与到STEM领域中去。‎ ‎25. C ‎26. A ‎27. D ‎28. D 三、 书面表达 As is vividly shown in the picture， there are lots of students with money in their hands crowding into the vehicle for the college entrance examination of an Academy of Arts to realize their dreams of being future stars in the show business. This apparently reveals the heat of arts examinations in today’s society.‎ What accounts for it? For most of young students， it would open the door of becoming famous. In their mind， to be a star would bring them not only a rich material life but also a great fame.‎ However， gaining fame is comparable to walking on a single-plank bridge， and ‎ only a small number of people have such good chance. For the majority of people， it is just a dream. As a young man， one couldn’t live in a dream and should face the reality. What’s the most important is to be realistic and be happy with what can be done.‎