高考英语二轮阅读理解基础训练题目18 9页

‎2014高考英语阅读理解基础二轮训练题（18）及答案 阅读理解-----A A different sort of generation gap is developing in the workplace. Someone --- specifically the father-daughter team of Larry and Meagan Johnson --- has figured out that on some American job sites, five generations are working side by side.‎ In their new book about generations in the workplace the pair argue that while such an age difference adds a lot of texture and a variety of life experiences, it can also bring tensions and conflicts.‎ The Johnsons are human-resource trainers and public speakers. Dad Larry is a former health-care executive; daughter Meagan is a onetime high-level sales manager.‎ Here are the oldest and youngest of the five generations they identify:‎ They call the oldest group Traditionals, born before 1945. They were heavily influenced by the lessons of the Great Depression and World War Two. They respect authority, set a high standard of workmanship, and communicate easily and confidently. But they’re also stubbornly independent. They want their opinions heard.‎ At the other extreme are what the Johnsons call Linksters, born after 1995 into today’s more complicated, multi-media world. They live and breathe technology and are often social activists.‎ You won’t find many 15-year olds in the offices of large companies, except as volunteers, of course, but quite old and quite young workers do come together in sales environments like bike shops and ice-cream stores.‎ The Johnsons, Larry and Meagan, represent a generation gap themselves in their work with jobsite issues. The Johnsons’ point is that as the average lifespan continues to rise and retirement dates get delayed because of the tight economy, people of different generations are working side by side, more often bringing with them very different ideas about company loyalty and work values.‎ The five generations are heavily influenced by quite different events, social ‎ trends, and the cultural phenomena of their times. Their experiences shape their behavior and make it difficult, sometimes, for managers to achieve a strong and efficient workplace.‎ Larry and Meagan Johnson discuss all this in greater detail in a new book, “Generations, Inc.: From Boomers to Linksters --- Managing the Friction Between Generations at Work,” published by Amacom Press, which is available in all good bookstore from this Friday.‎ ‎11. The type of generation gap in paragraph 1 refers to the difference in beliefs ________.‎ A. between managers and workers B. among family members C. among employees D. between older and newer companies ‎12. Which of the following statements is NOT true about Traditionals?‎ A. They’ve learned much from war and economic disaster.‎ B. They’re difficult to work with as they are stubborn.‎ C. They respect their boss and hope to be respected.‎ D. They’re independent workers with great confidence.‎ ‎13. According to the passage, the Linksters are usually ________.‎ A. found working in the offices of large companies B. influenced by media and technology C. enthusiastic multi-media activists D. ice-cream sellers ‎14. According to the passage, modern workforces are more diverse because ________.‎ A. people want to increase their average lifespan B. many young people are entering the workforce C. employees with different values can benefit their companies D. retirement dates are being delayed for economic reasons ‎15. What’s the main purpose of the passage?‎ A. To promote a new book by Larry and Meagan Johnson.‎ B. To describe the five different workplace generations.‎ C. To introduce the Johnsons’ research about diverse workforces.‎ D. To identify a major problem in modern workforces.‎ ‎【参考答案】11—15、C B B D A ‎ C4 [2013·新课标全国卷Ⅰ] ---------D The National Gallery Description：‎ ‎ The National Gallery is the British national art museum built on the north side of Trafalgar Square in London. It houses a diverse collection of more than 2，300 examples of European art ranging from 13th－century religious paintings to more modern ones by Renoir and Van Gogh.The older collections of the gallery are reached through the main entrance while the more modern works in the East Wing are most easily reached from Trafalgar Square by a ground floor entrance.‎ Layout：‎ The modern Sainsbury Wing on the western side of the building houses 13th－ to 15th－century paintings，and artists include Duccio，Uccello，Van Eyck，Lippi，Mantegna，Botticelli and Memling.‎ The main West Wing houses 16th－century paintings，and artists include Leonardo da Vinci，Cranach，Michelangelo，Raphael，Bruegel，Bronzino，Titian and Veronese.‎ The North Wing houses 17th－century paintings，and artists include Caravaggio，Rubens，Poussin，Van Dyck，Velázquez，Claude and Vermeer.‎ The East Wing houses 18th－ to early 20th－century paintings，and artists include Canaletto，Goya，Turner，Constable，Renoir and Van Gogh.‎ Opening Hours：‎ The Gallery is open every day from 10 am to 6 pm(Fridays 10 am to 9 pm)and is free, but charges apply to some special exhibitions.‎ Getting There：‎ Nearest underground stations: Charing Cross(2－minute walk), Leicester ‎ ‎ Square(3－minute walk)，Embankment(7－minute walk)，and Piccadilly Circus(8－minute walk)．‎ ‎68．In which century's collection can you see religious paintings?‎ A．The 13th.‎ B．The 17th.‎ C．The 18th.‎ D．The 20th.‎ ‎69．Where are Leonardo da Vinci's works shown?‎ A．In the East Wing.‎ B．In the main West Wing.‎ C．In the Sainsbury Wing.‎ D．In the North Wing.‎ ‎70．Which underground station is closest to the National Gallery?‎ A．Piccadilly Circus.‎ B．Leicester Square.‎ C．Embankment.‎ D．Charing Cross.‎ ‎【要点综述】 本文是一篇应用文。作者介绍了英国伦敦国家美术馆。分四大板块进行介绍：整体描述、布局、开放时间以及可以到达美术馆的地铁站。‎ ‎68．A　细节判断题。根据文章第一段中的“It houses a diverse collection of more than 2，300 examples of European art ranging from 13th－century religious paintings to more modern ones by Renoir and Van Gogh.”可以断定宗教美术作品是13世纪的。故选A。‎ ‎69．B　细节判断题。根据文章第三段中的“The main West Wing houses 16th－century paintings，and artists include Leonardo da Vinci…”可知B正确。‎ ‎70．D　细节判断题。根据文章最后一段中的“Nearest underground stations: Charing Cross(2－minute walk), Leicester Square(3－minute walk), Embankment(7－minute walk)，and Piccadilly Circus(8－minute walk)．”可以断定Charing Cross是最近的。故选D。‎ C4 [2013·重庆卷] ----------B ‎　　One of the greatest gifts one generation can give to other generations is the wisdom it has gained from experience.This idea has inspired the award－winning photographer Andrew Zuckerman.He interviewed and took photos of fifty over－sixty－five－year－olds all over the world.His project explores various aspects of their lives.The photos and interviews are now available on our website.‎ Click on the introductions to read the complete interviews.‎ Let us now have a culture of peace.‎ ‎—Federico Mayor Zaragoza，Spain Federico Mayor Zaragoza obtained a doctorate in pharmacy(药学)from the Complutense University of Madrid in 1958.After many years spent in politics，he became Director－General of UNESCO in 1987.In 1999，he created the Foundation for a Culture of Peace，of which he is now the president.In addition to many scientific publications, he has published four collections of poems and several books of essays.‎ Writing is a discovery.‎ ‎—Nadine Gordimer，South Africa Due to a weak heart，Nadine Gordimer attended school and university briefly.She read widely and began writing at an early age.She published her first short story at the age of fifteen，and has completed a large number of works, which have been translated into forty languages.In 1991，Gordimer won the Nobel Prize for Literature.‎ Jazz is about the only form of art today.‎ ‎—Dave Brubeck，USA Dave Brubeck studied music at the University of the Pacific and graduated in 1942.After World War Two he was encouraged to play jazz.In 1951，he recorded his first album(专辑)．Brubeck's 1959 album has become a jazz standard. He received a Grammy Lifetime Achievement Award in 1996.‎ For more figures CLICK HERE.‎ ‎60.Why did Andrew Zuckerman choose the fifty elders for his project?‎ A．Because their wisdom deserves to be passed on.‎ B．Because they are physically impressive.‎ C．Because their accomplishments inspired him.‎ D．Because they have similar experiences.‎ ‎61．According to the web page, Federico Mayor Zaragoza ________．‎ A．has won many awards for his work in politics B．has served as the president of a university C．has devoted all his life to the field of science D．has made achievements in different areas ‎62．Who most probably said “My education has been the library and books” in the interview when reflecting on his/her experience?‎ A．Andrew Zuckerman.‎ B．Federico Mayor Zaragoza.‎ C．Nadine Gordimer.‎ D．Dave Brubeck.‎ ‎63．What is the main purpose of this web page?‎ A．To show Zuckerman's awards.‎ B．To publicize Zuckerman's project.‎ ‎ C.To spread the wisdom of the three people.‎ D．To celebrate the achievements of the three people.‎ ‎【要点综述】 本文是一则网络广告。短文通过陈列多位名人的成功实例来吸引读者对Andrew Zuckerman项目的关注。‎ ‎60．A 　细节理解题。第一段第一句说明了Andrew Zuckerman采访几位智者的目的：传承智慧。‎ ‎61．D 　推理判断题。Federico Mayor Zaragoza专业为药学，但后来从政多年，接着担任联合国教科文组织领导人，又创建和平文化基金并担任会长，除多部科学出版物以外，还有诗歌小说集多部，可谓颇多建树。‎ ‎62．C　推理判断题。Nadine Gordimer的教育背景比较简单， 但她取得了巨大的文学成就。‎ ‎63．B　综合推理题。通过在网站上发布这几位智者的简介来推介Andrew Zuckerman的项目。‎ 阅读理解------D Batteries can power anything from small sensors to large systems. While scientists are finding ways to make them smaller but even more powerful, problems can arise when these batteries are much larger and heavier than the devices themselves. University‎ of ‎Missouri(MU) researchers are developing a nuclear energy ‎ source that is smaller, lighter and more efficient.‎ ‎“To provide enough power, we need certain methods with high energy density”，said Jae Kwon, assistant professor of electrical and computer engineering at MU. “The radioisotope(放射性同位素) battery can provide power density that is much higher than chemical batteries.”‎ Kwon and his research team have been working on building a small nuclear battery, presently the size and thickness of a penny, intended to power various micro / nanoelectromechanical systems (M/NEMS). Although nuclear batteries can cause concerns, Kwon said they are safe.‎ ‎“People hear the word ‘nuclear’ and think of something very dangerous,” he said, “However, nuclear power sources have already been safely powering a variety of devices, such as pace-makers, space satellites and underwater systems.”‎ His new idea is not only in the battery’s size, but also in its semiconductor(半导体). Kwon’s battery uses a liquid semiconductor rather than a solid semiconductor.‎ ‎“The key part of using a radioactive battery is that when you harvest the energy, part of the radiation energy can damage the lattice structure of the solid semiconductor,” Kwon said, “By using a liquid semiconductor, we believe we can minimize that problem.”‎ Together with J. David Robertson, chemistry professor and associate director of the MU Research Reactor, Kwon is working to build and test the battery. In the future, they hope to increase the battery’s power, shrink its size and try with various other materials. Kwon said that battery could be thinner than the thickness of human hair.‎ ‎16. Which of the following is true of Jae Kwon?‎ A. He teaches chemistry at MU.  B. He developed a chemical battery.‎ C. He is working on a nuclear energy source. D. He made a breakthrough in computer engineering.‎ ‎17. Jae Kwon gave examples in Paragraph 4_________.‎ A. to show chemical batteries are widely applied. B. to introduce nuclear batteries can be safely used.‎ C. to describe a nuclear-powered system. D. to introduce various energy sources.‎ ‎18. Liquid semiconductor is used to _________.‎ A. get rid of the radioactive waste   B. test the power of nuclear batteries.‎ C. decrease the size of nuclear batteries D. reduce the damage to lattice structure.‎ ‎19. According to Jae Kwon, his nuclear battery _______.‎ A. uses a solid semiconductor        B. will soon replace the present ones.‎ C. could be extremely thin           D. has passed the final test.‎ ‎20. The text is most probably a ________.‎ A. science news report        B. book review    ‎ C. newspaper ad   D. science fiction story ‎【参考答案】16—20、CBDCA