2014高考被动语态专项练习 12页

Luna 被动语态 一、被动语态概述 ‎　　语态是动词的一种形式，用以说明主语与谓语动词之间的关系。英语的语态共有两种：主动语态和被动语态。主动语态表示主语是动作的执行者，被动语态表示主语是动作的承受者。被动语态是动词的一种特殊形式，一般说来，只有需要动作对象的及物动词才有被动语态。汉语往往用"被"、"受"、"给"等词来表示被动意义。‎ ‎　　如：He opened the door.他打开了这扇门。(主动语态)‎ ‎　　 The door was opened.这扇门被打开了。(被动语态)‎ ‎　　二、被动语态的构成 ‎　　被动语态由"助动词be+及物动词的过去分词"构成。被动语态的时态变化只改变be的形式，过去分词部分不变。疑问式和否定式的变化也如此。‎ ‎　　1、被动语态的时态较常见的八种，现以动词clean为例列表说明：‎ ‎　　2、被动语态的句式变化：‎ ‎　　以一般现在时和动词invite为例，列表说明被动语态的句式变化：‎ ‎　　3、含有情态动词的被动语态 ‎　　情态动词的被动语态结构为：情态动词+be+过去分词;其时态及句型的变化仅由情态动词完成，"be+过去分词"部分不变。如：‎ ‎　　Tables can be made of stone.桌子可由石头制造。‎ ‎　　Tables could be made of stone at that time.那时桌子可由石头制造。(一般过去时)‎ ‎　　Can tables be made of stone? 桌子能用石头制造吗?(疑问句)‎ ‎　　三、被动语态的用法：‎ ‎　　1、不知道或没有必要指出谁是动作的执行者时。‎ ‎　　The bridge was built last year.这座桥是去年建造的。‎ ‎　　He was elected chairman.他被选为主席。‎ ‎　　2、 当更加强调动作的承受者时。此时动作的执行者由by引导置于谓语动词之后，不需要时可以省略。‎ ‎　　The room hasn't been cleaned yet.房间还没有打扫。‎ ‎　　The tiger was killed by him.老虎被他杀死了。‎ ‎　　3、当动作的执行者不是人时，多用被动语态。如：‎ ‎　　The window was blown by wind.窗户被风吹开了。‎ ‎　　The whole village has been washed away by the flood.整个村庄都被洪水冲走了。‎ ‎　　4、表示客观的说明常用"It is + 过去分词."句型。‎ ‎　　It is said that Lucy has gone abroad.据说露茜已经出国了。‎ ‎　　It is believed that he is a spy. (=He is believed to be a spy.)大家相信他是个间谍。‎ ‎　　其它常见的"It is + 过去分词+ that"句型还有 ‎　　It is reported that…据报道 ‎　　It is said that…据说 ‎　　It is believed that…大家相信 ‎　　It is suggested that…有人建议 ‎　四、主动语态变为被动语态的注意事项：‎ ‎　　(1)主动句中的主语如果是people, we, you, they, somebody等含糊地表示"人们"、"大家"的单词，变为主动句时，通常删去"by…"，但原主语被强调者除外。如：‎ ‎　　They set up this hospital in 1975. → This hospital was set up in 1975.‎ ‎　　这所医院建于1975年。‎ ‎　　Only he can finish the job. → 只有他能完成这项工作。‎ ‎　　The job can be finished only by him.这项工作只能由他来完成。‎ ‎　　(2)含有双宾语，即直接宾语和间接宾语的句子，每个宾语都可变为被动语态的主语，即其被动语态有两种形式。但多以间接宾语作主语。‎ ‎　　Jack told us the truth.杰克告诉了我们真相。‎ ‎　　We were told the truth by Jack.‎ ‎　　The truth was told (to) us by Jack.‎ ‎　　五、动词的主动形式表示被动之意 ‎　　以主动形式表示被动之意的动词多为连系动词，如：look, feel, smell等。下列动词没有被动式：happen，　cost，take，have ‎　　An accident was happened yesterday.(×)昨天发生了一起事故。‎ ‎　　An accident happened yesterday.( )‎ ‎　　The flower smells sweet.这花闻起来很香。‎ ‎　　The watch looks good.这表看起来很好。‎ ‎　　六、各种时态的被动语态举例(以动词do为例)‎ ‎　　1.一般现在时(am/ is/ are +done)‎ ‎　　English is spoken by lots of people in the world. 世界上的许多人都说英语。‎ ‎　　Class meeting is held every Thursday. 每周四都举行班会。‎ ‎　　2.一般过去时(was/ were+done) ‎ The cup was broken by the boy. 杯子被那个男孩打碎了。‎ ‎　　He was saved at last. 他最终获救了。‎ ‎　　3.一般将来时与过去将来时(will/ shall be +done; would/should be +done)‎ ‎　　A speech will be given this afternoon. 今天下午有一个演讲。‎ ‎　　A new road will be built next year. 明年要修一条新马路。‎ ‎　　4.现在进行时与过去进行时(am/ is/ are being +done; was/ were being +done)‎ ‎　　The machine was being repaired at this time yesterday. 昨天这时，机器正在被修理。‎ ‎　　The problem is being discussed now. 问题正在被讨论。‎ ‎　　　5.现在完成时(have/ has been + done)‎ ‎　　Two hundred trees have been planted by now. 到现在为止，已经种了二百棵树了。‎ ‎　　The book has been read many times by me. 这本书已经被我读了许多遍了。‎ ‎　　6.过去完成时(had been+done)‎ ‎　　They said they had been invited to the party. 他们说已经被邀请参加晚会了。‎ ‎　　She found the house had been destroyed by the storm. 她发现房子已经被暴风雨摧毁。‎ ‎　被动语态专项练习 ‎　　单项选择 ‎　　1. Good books ____ again and again.‎ ‎　　A. should be readed B. should be read ‎　　C. must read D. ought to read ‎　　2. The children ____ by the nurse.‎ ‎　　A. were looked B. looked after ‎　　C. were looked after D. looked ‎　　3. He ___ some pieces of advice, but he ____ to them.‎ ‎　　A. gave, didn't listen B. was given, wasn't listened ‎　　C. give, wasn't listened D. was given, didn't listen ‎　　4. When____ the accident _____ ?‎ ‎　　A. was, happen B. did, happen ‎　　C. is, happen D. was, happened ‎　　5. The question ____ by us soon.‎ ‎　　A. is going to discuss B. will discuss ‎　　C. is going to be discussed D. has been discussed ‎　　6. The lab ____ about five years ago.‎ ‎　　A. was builded B. was built C. builds D. has been built ‎　　7. A lot of tall buildings _____ in his hometown in the last three years.‎ ‎　　A. have set up B. have been set up C. were set up D. set up ‎　　8. They ____ printing 500 copies by the end of last month.‎ ‎　　A. had finished B. have finished C. had been finished D. have been finished ‎　　9. Rice ___ also _____ in their hometown.‎ ‎　　A. is…grown B. is…grew C. was…grew D. was…grown ‎　　10. He ____ by the teachers.‎ ‎　　A. is always praised B. praises ‎　　C. have been praised D. always is praised ‎　　11. Great changes ____ place. Many new schools____ .‎ ‎　　A. have taken, have been opened B. take, are open ‎　　C. are taken, open D. have been taken, are opened ‎　　12. The picture______ in October, 1996.‎ ‎　　A. was taking B. had been taken C. was taken D. had taken ‎　　13. We can't use the bridge now, because it______ .‎ ‎　　A. has been repaired B. is repairing C. is repaired D. is being repair ‎14. I ______the way to the railway station by a policeman.‎ ‎　　A. was shown B. showed C. have shown D. was showing ‎　　15. The war______ in 1941.‎ ‎　　A. broke out B. had been broken out ‎　　C. was broken out D. had broken out ‎　　16. When water______ , it will be changed into vapour.‎ ‎　　A. is heated B. heating C. has heated D. heats ‎　　17. We can't enter the room because its door______ .‎ ‎　　A. locked B. locks C. is locked D. is locking ‎　　18. They ______day and night.‎ ‎　　A. are made work B. are made to work ‎　　C. made to be worked D. are making to work ‎　　‎19. Chang'an Road is ______of people.‎ ‎　　A. filled B. fill C. full D. fulled ‎　　20. Man-made satellites ______into space by many countries.‎ ‎　　A. was sent up B. is sent up ‎　　C. have been sent up D. has been sent up ‎　　21. This English song _____ often _____ by the children.‎ ‎　　A. is, singing B. is, sung C. will, sing D. was, sung ‎　　22.The windows of our house _____once a week.‎ ‎　　A. must clean B. have cleaned C. is cleaned D. are cleaned ‎　　23. When ______ the People's Republic of China_____ ?‎ ‎　　A. was, found B. was, founded C. did, found D. does, found ‎　　24. Mary's radio ______ by my brother just now.‎ ‎　　A. will be mended B. has mended C. was mended D. mended ‎　　25. Your exercise books _____ after class.‎ ‎　　A. will hand in B. must hand in C. handed in D. must be handed in ‎　　26. Some trees may ______ at other times of the year.‎ ‎　　A. be planted B. plant C. are planted D. will be planted ‎　　27. The sun _____ at night as usual.‎ ‎　　A. can be seen B. can't see C. can't be seen D. doesn't see ‎　参考答案 ‎　　Ⅰ单项选择 ‎　　1. B 2. C 3. D 4. B 5. C ‎　　6. B 7. B 8. A 9. A 10. A ‎　　11. A 12. C 13. D 14. A 15. A ‎　　16. A 17. C 18. B 19. C 20. C ‎　　21.B 22. D 23.B 24. C 25.D ‎　　26. A 27. C 28. B 29. C 30. B 被动语态专项训练：‎ ‎1. I’ll be going to work on foot while my bicycle------.‎ ‎(a) is being repaired (b) is repaired ‎ ‎(c) will repaired (d) has been repaired ‎2. The radar sets------for a long time without any trouble.‎ ‎ (a) have been running (b) have been run ‎ (c) have run (d) were running ‎3. While the ice box------, a lot of defects were found.‎ ‎ (a) was being examined (b) was examined ‎ ‎(c) was examining (d) had been examined ‎4. Do you remember------to Dr. Henry during your last visit?‎ ‎ (a) to be introduced (b) being introduced ‎ ‎（c）having introduced (d) to have introduced ‎5. The book if worthy of------.‎ ‎ (a) reading (b) read (c) having read (d) being read ‎6. I dislike------while try to learn skiing.‎ ‎ (a) being looked at (b) looking at ‎ ‎(c) to look at (d) having looked at ‎7. “Do you have any clothes------today?” my mother asked.‎ ‎ (a) to wash (b)be washed (c) wash (d) to be washed ‎8. Excuse me, but it is time to have your temperature------.‎ ‎ (a) taking (b) to take (c) take (d) taken ‎9. Let teachers’ words------.‎ ‎ (a) being remembered (b) remembering ‎ ‎ (c) he remembered (d) remember ‎10. He has come to------.‎ ‎ (a) checked his blood pressure (b) having his blood pressure checked ‎ (c) have his blood pressure checked (d) have checked his blood pressure Keys:‎ A A A B D A D D C C 被动语态专项训练2‎ ‎1)It is said that a new robot ____by him in a few days. ‎ ‎　　A) designed　　B) has been designed 　　C) will be designed　　D) will have been designed ‎ ‎2)We are late. I expect the film ____by the time we get to the cinema. ‎ ‎　　A) will already have started 　　B) would already have started ‎ ‎　　C) shall have already started 　　D) has already been started ‎ ‎3) She will stop showing off if no notice____ of her. ‎ A) is taken 　　B) takes　　C) will be taken　D) has taken ‎ ‎4) Diamond ____in Brazil in 1971. ‎ ‎　　A) is found　　B) has been found 　　C) was found 　　D) had been found ‎ ‎5)“Have you movedsintosthe new flat?”“Not yet. The room____.” ‎ ‎　　A) has been painted 　　B) is painted 　　C) paints 　　D) is being painted ‎ ‎6) My pictures ____until next Friday. ‎ ‎　　A) won't develop 　　B) aren't developed 　　C) don't develop 　　D) won' t be developed ‎ ‎7) Tim ____since he lost his job three weeks ago. ‎ ‎　　A) had been unemployed　　B) was unemployed　C) has been unemployed D) has unemployed ‎ ‎8) A great number of colleges and universities ____since 1949. ‎ ‎　A) has been establish B) have been established C) have established 　　D) had been established ‎ ‎9) I'll have to push the car to the side of the road because we ____if we leave it here. ‎ ‎　　A) would be fined 　　B) will be fined 　　C) will being fined 　　D) will have been fined ‎ ‎10)“____two tickets for the new play at the Grand Theatre on Saturday. Shall we go and see it together?” ‎ ‎　　A) They have been given 　B) I have been given　C) I am given　　D) They have given to me ‎ ‎11) The subject of these lectures ____by the lecture committee. ‎ ‎　　A) is announced 　B) have been announced 　　C) are announced 　　D) has been announced ‎ ‎12) I found an aspirin bottle ____dropped on the floor of David's room. ‎ ‎　　A) was　　B) had　　C) had been 　　D) is ‎13)The goods ____when we arrived at the airport. ‎ A) were just unloadingB) were just been unloading C) had just unloaded D) were just being unloaded ‎ ‎14) If one ____by pride, he will reject useful advice and friendly assistance. ‎ ‎　　A) overcomes 　　B) is overcome 　　C) has been overcome 　　D) overcome ‎ ‎15) Most environment problems exist because adequate measures for preventing them ____taken in the past. ‎ ‎　　A) was not 　　B) were not　　C) were not being 　　D) had not been ‎ ‎16) You ought to have put the milk in the refrigerator, now ____sour. ‎ ‎　　A) I smell 　　B) it is smelt 　　C) it smells 　　D) it is smelling ‎ ‎17) After the race____, the celebration began. ‎ ‎　　A) had been won 　　B) is won 　　C) will be won 　　D)has been won ‎ ‎18) He was here for a little while, but I don't knowswhereshe ____now. ‎ ‎　　A) is 　　B) was 　　C) had been 　　D) has been ‎ ‎19) The young teacher has ____ competent. ‎ ‎　　A) been proved to be 　　B) proved to be 　　C) been proved　　D) proved being ‎ ‎20) Pluto, the outermost planet of the solar system, ____photographically in March 1930. ‎ ‎　　A) discovered 　　B) was discovered 　　C) by discovery 　　D) when discovered ‎ ‎21) To get a better view of the stage, ____. ‎ ‎　　A)our seats had to be changed 　　B) our seats were changed ‎ ‎　　C) we had to change our seats 　　D) our seats were changed by us ‎ ‎22) After synthetic____, engineers had a better choice of material. ‎ ‎　　A) created 　　B) has created 　　C) has been created 　　D) had been created ‎ ‎23) I think much attention ____your pronunciation. ‎ ‎　　A) must be paid to 　　B) ought to be paid to 　　C) must pay to 　　D) should be paid to ‎ ‎24) Since 1970, millions of enthusiasts ____Vitamin C, which they believe can remedy the common cold. ‎ ‎　　A) have taken 　　B) have been taken 　　C) have been taking 　　D) have been taking ‎ ‎25) I don't remember ____the chance to try this method. ‎ ‎　　A)shavingsbeen given 　　B) to have been given 　　C)shavingsgiven 　　D) to have given ‎ ‎26) We could ask someone to do the work privately without it____. ‎ ‎　　A) know 　　B) be known 　　C) being known 　　D) to be known ‎ ‎27) The construction of the laboratory ____by the end of next month. ‎ A) must be completed B) must have been completed C) will be completing D) will have been completing ‎ ‎28) They would tell how the African ____on a ship to an American port. ‎ A) was brought 　　B) could have been brought 　　‎ C) had been brought 　　D) was to be brought ‎ ‎29) He does not possess a bicycle, this one he uses ____to Peter. ‎ ‎　　A) is belonged to 　　B) belonged 　　C) belongs 　　D) is belonging ‎ ‎30) Negotiation ____again with Moscow tomorrow, a great event will be discussed then. ‎ ‎　　A) is to be opened 　　B) is on the point of opening 　　C) is going to open 　　D) opens ‎ ‎31) The reason for all the changes being made ____to us yet. ‎ ‎　　A) has not explained 　　B) has not been explained 　　C) did not explained 　　D) were not explained ‎ ‎32) Experiments in the photography of moving objects ____in both the United States and Europe well before 1900. ‎ ‎　　A) were conducting 　　B)were conducted 　　C) had been conducted 　　D) had conducted ‎ ‎33) When he turned the corner, he found himself ____by a man in black. ‎ ‎　　A) tailed 　　B) been tailed 　　C) was tailed 　　D) had been tailed ‎ ‎34) A candidate for the democratic presidential nomination ____at this moment. ‎ A) is interviewing 　　B) being interviewed 　‎ ‎　C) is being interviewed 　　D) interviewing ‎ ‎35) As we approached the work site, the workers were seen ____the new house. ‎ ‎　　A) building 　　B) build 　　C) built 　　D) to build ‎ ‎36) As we know, all the regulations in school ____. ‎ ‎　　A) must keep to 　　B) must be kept 　　C) must keep 　　D) must be kept up ‎ ‎37) The composition ____any more. ‎ ‎　　A) need not to be corrected 　　B) doesn't need to be corrected ‎ ‎　　C) doesn't need be corrected 　　D) need not correct ‎ ‎38) The bank is reported in the local newspaper ____in broad daylight yesterday ‎ ‎　　A) to be robbed 　　B) to have keen robbed 　　C) robbed 　　D)shavings been robbed ‎ ‎39) Hurry up, or the tickets ___out by the time we get there. ‎ ‎　　A) will have sold 　　B) will sell 　　C) have sold 　　D) will have been sold ‎ ‎40) He cleaned the glasses carefully for fear that it ____. ‎ ‎　　A) was damaged 　　B) should be damaged　　C) damaged D) would be damaged ‎ ‎　‎ ‎　被动语态部分练习题答案： ‎ ‎　　1)C 2)A 3)A 4)C 5)D 6)D 7)C 8)B 9)B 10)B11)D 12)C 13)D 14)B 15)B 16)C 17)A 18)A 19)B20)B 21)C 22)D 23)A 24)C 25)A 26)C 27)A 28)C29)C 30)A 31)B 32)C 33)A 34)C 35)A 36)B 37)B38)B 39)D 40)B