高考英语语法专题精讲精练名词性从句 3页

‎ 语法专题二：名词性从句 ‎1. 名词性从句的基本概念：‎ ‎1) 主语从句：在句中充当主语；亦可用it作形式主语，主语从句置于句末。‎ ‎2) 宾语从句：在句中充当及物动词或介词的宾语；亦可用it作形式宾语，宾语从句置于句末。‎ ‎3) 表语从句：在句中充当系动词的表语。‎ ‎4) 同位语从句：常置于fact, idea, news, promise, doubt, suggestion, possibility, belief等表示有内容的名词后，起解释、说明作用。‎ ‎2. 注意：‎ ‎1) 名词性从句要用陈述句语序。‎ ‎2) 名词性从句中缺少主语、表语、宾语时：常用what 导，亦可用which表示选择，用who/whom/whoever指人。‎ ‎ 缺少状语：用where（表地点）, when（表时间）, how（表方式）, why（表原因）。‎ ‎3) 如不缺成份：主语从句、同位语从句用that引导，不能省略；‎ ‎ 表从、单个动词宾从可省略引导词that；‎ ‎ 介词宾从、第二个宾从，引导词that一般不省略；‎ ‎ it作形式主语或宾语时，引导实际主从或宾从，一般that不省略；‎ ‎ 当主从、宾从本身为复合句时，引导词that不省略。‎ ‎ 如：He told us sadly that what he had done secretly was discovered by his parents.‎ ‎4) 含宾从的复合句中，主句和从句的时态保持一致，但如果从句中表示是客观现象，虽然主句是过去时态，从句仍用一般现在时。‎ ‎5) 主语从句做主语，谓语动词用单数；如果由and 连接两个或两个以上的主语从句做主语时，谓语动词用复数；由两个或多个连接词引导一个主语从句，谓语动词用单数。‎ ‎6) 当主句是I/We think（或suppose, expect, believe, imagine, guess）时，其后的宾语从句如果是否定的，常常把否定词not从从句中移到主句中。‎ ‎7) 只能用whether，不能用if表示“是否”的情况如下：‎ ‎(1) 在表语从句和同位语从句中；‎ ‎(2) 在主语从句中，如果用it做形式主语，whether和if都能引导主语从句，否则，只能用whether ‎ ‎ (3) 在介词之后；‎ ‎ (4) 后面直接跟动词不定式；‎ ‎ (5) 与or not连用；‎ ‎ (6) 引导让步状语从句，只能用whether。‎ ‎8) 同位语从句与定语从句的区别：‎ 同位语从句常放在表示具体含义的名词后，解释名词的含义或内容，该名词在从句中不充当成份；定语从句是对先行词限定和修饰，先行词在定语从句中充当成分。‎ 巩固练习：‎ ‎1. We should think carefully about ______ Mr. Needham said at the meeting.‎ ‎ A. that B. what C. which D. /‎ ‎2. ______ you have seen things like these before doesn’t matter.‎ ‎ A. If B. Whether C. What D. When ‎3. She took it for granted ______ I’d be back home an hour ago.‎ ‎ A. that B. whether C. if D. when ‎ ‎4. At that time I had no idea ______ I could hand it to him without being seen.‎ ‎ A. if B. how C. which D. that how ‎5. Last Sunday he promised ______ today, but he hasn’t appeared yet.‎ ‎ A. that he would come B. that he will come C. he will come to see me D. whether he would come ‎6. What a pity ______ is ______ you didn’t arrive by daylight.‎ ‎ A. there; because B. it; that C. he; when D. that; for ‎7. Father made a promise ______ I passed the examination he would buy me a new dictionary.‎ ‎ A. that B. if C. whether D. that if ‎ ‎8. ______ is the most useful invention?‎ ‎ A. Do you think which of these B. Which of these do you think C. Which of these you think D. You think which of these ‎9. ---I believe ______ you’ve done your best and ______ things will improve.‎ ‎ ---Thank you.‎ ‎ A. that; / B. /; / C. what; that D. /; that ‎10. It depends on ______ we have enough time.‎ ‎ A. if B. if or not C. that D. whether ‎ ‎11. You will realize ______ breaks the law will be punished.‎ ‎ A. that those who B. that those that C. whoever D. those whoever ‎12. I don’t doubt ______ he will come.‎ ‎ A. that B. if C. what D. whether ‎13. When and why he came here ______ yet.‎ ‎ A. is not known B. are not known C. has not known D. have not been known ‎14. The city is no longer ______.‎ ‎ A. what it is B. that it used to be C. which it was D. what it used to be ‎ ‎15. ______ was the idea ______ the wife thought of ?‎ ‎ A. What; that B. That; what C. How; why D. Why; how ‎ ‎16. One of the men held the view ______ the book said was right.‎ ‎ A. what that B. that what C. that which D. which that ‎17. ______ you don’t like him is none of my business.‎ ‎ A. What B. Who C. That D. Whether ‎18. ______ he really means is ______ he disagrees with us.‎ ‎ A. What; that B. That; what C. Why; that D. If; what ‎19. --- Don’t you believe me?‎ ‎---______. I’ll believe ______ you say.‎ ‎ A. No; whatever B. Yes; no matter what C. Yes; whatever D. No; no matter what ‎20. Lei Feng was always thinking of ______ he could help others.‎ ‎ A. that B. how C. when D. which ‎21. Can you tell me ______?‎ ‎ A. who is that woman B. who the woman is C. whom is the woman D. that woman is ‎22. Output is now six times ______ it was before liberation.‎ ‎ A. that B. which C. what D. those ‎23. After months of research there was little hope ______ the lost car might be found.‎ ‎ A. that B. which C. when D. how 名词性从句：BBABABDBDDCAADABCACBBCA