高考英语一轮复习Unit2Robots习题 18页

Unit 2　Robots ‎【热点话题】‎ Interpersonal relationship(人际关系)‎ 父母与孩子缺乏交流 体裁：说明文 写作思路：‎ 提出问题——分析原因 ‎【美文诵读】‎ Recently，many teenagers like to spend more time in playing mobile phones，sleeping，hanging out with their friends or staying in their rooms instead of talking to their parents.‎ Why does it occur？I_think_it_is_for_lack_of① communication ‎.Teenagers seek help from their friends，or others in_time_of② difficulties and problems instead of from their parents or families.One_of_the_main_factors_affecting_the_communication_between_parents_and_children_is_age_difference③.‎ For_one_thing④，we have this socalled communication gap.Our parents often forget about children's wants and needs before they decide to do something，or buy something.If_our_parents_know ‎_these,_potential_communication_problems_may_be_solved．⑤‎ For another thing，communication is twoway.Both parents and children should listen to each other and respect each other.‎ ‎　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　‎ ‎【学海拾贝】‎ 按要求完成或翻译下列句子。‎ ‎1．因为缺钱，这次旅行不得不取消了。(lack)‎ The_trip_has_to_be_cancelled_for_lack_of_money．‎ ‎2．当遇到麻烦时，他总是向他的父亲寻求帮助。(in time of)‎ He always turns to his father for help in_time_of_trouble．‎ ‎3．将③句改为含有定语从句的复合句。‎ One_of_the_main_factors_that_affect_the_communication_between_parents_and_children is age difference.‎ ‎4．我没能买车，一方面是因为我不会开车，另一方面是因为我没有足够的钱。(for one thing...for another thing...)‎ I can't buy a car.For_one_thing，I can't drive. For_another_thing，I don't have enough money.‎ ‎5．将⑤句改为含有独立主格结构的句子。‎ Our_parents_knowing_these potential communication problems may be solved.‎ Ⅰ.按要求写出下列单词 ‎1．小说，虚构或想象出来的事n.fiction ‎2．同情，同情心n.sympathy ‎3．事务，暧昧关系，事情n.affair ‎4．软垫，靠垫 n．cushion ‎5．喜爱，恩惠；偏袒n.& v．favour ‎6．数码的，数字的adj.digital ‎7．章，篇，回 n．chapter ‎8．全体员工，手杖 n．staff ‎9．职员n.clerk ‎10．传记 n．biography ‎11．警报，惊恐；使警觉n.& v．alarm 使人恐慌的adj.alarming 担心的，害怕的adj. alarmed ‎12．使尴尬，使不安v. embarrass 令人尴尬的adj. embarrassing 尴尬的adj.embarrassed ‎13．极坏的，讨厌的adj.awful 极坏地，讨厌地adv. awfully ‎ ‎14．优雅的，高雅的adj. elegant 优雅地，高雅地adv. elegantly 优雅，高雅n.elegance ‎15．天才，才干n.talent 有天赋的，有才能的adj. talented 用所给单词的适当形式填空。‎ ‎1．She desired a lot of money and her desire for wealth made her put all her money in the bank.When she learned that it was possible that interest rate should be reduced，she almost went crazy.(desire)‎ ‎2．—What you said embarrassed the girl greatly.No wonder she was so embarrassed as to run out.‎ ‎—Don't you think it so embarrassing？(embarrass)‎ ‎3．She entered the hall elegantly and many gentlemen were attracted by her elegance．(elegant)‎ ‎4．She felt_awful when looking at the awfully painted figure.(awful) ‎ ‎5．It was not easy for her to see the absurdity of his absurd decision.(absurdly)‎ Ⅱ.翻译下列短语 ‎1．希望/渴望做某事 desire_to_do_sth.‎ ‎2．一定做…… be_bound_to ‎3．考验，试验 test_out ‎4．将……放在一边；节省；保留 set_aside ‎5．做……使某人尴尬 embarrass_sb._by_doing_sth.‎ ‎6．同情某人feel/have_sympathy_for_sb.‎ ‎7．陪伴某人去accompany_sb.to_a_place ‎8．转身，转向turn_around ‎9．不管，不理会，让……独自待着leave...alone ‎10．严肃对待，认真对待 take...seriously 选用上述短语完成下列短文。‎ Lily (1) desired_to have a household robot.Yesterday her husband (2) accompanied her (3) to the biggest robot market to buy one.The assistant recommended a robot to Lily，promising that it (4) was_bound_to help Lily do all kinds of housework.Besides，it could even dress Lily as if she were a child.Lily didn't like being dressed like that，so she (5) turned_around and left the market.‎ Ⅲ.重点句型 ‎1．As she turned around，there stood Gladys Claffern.(p.11)‎ 她刚一转过身，就看到格拉迪丝·克拉芬站在那里。‎ there stand(s)．..“有……；站……；耸立……”。‎ 这是倒装句型。除there外，here，now，then，in，out，away等副词放在句首时也用倒装结构。‎ John opened the door，and there_stood a beautiful girl he had never seen before.‎ 约翰打开门，看到一个他从未见过的靓女站在那里。‎ ‎———————————————————————‎ ‎[模仿造句]‎ 用倒装句型完成下列句子。‎ ‎(1)Once upon a time，there_lived_six_blind_men．‎ ‎(住着六个瞎子)in a small village in India.‎ ‎(2)Out_rushed_the_students (学生们冲出教室)when the bell rang.‎ ‎(3)The door opened，and in_came_Professor_Zhang(张教授进来了)，followed by two of his assistants.‎ ‎2．It was disturbing and frightening that he looked so human.(p.11)‎ 机器人如此通人性，这使她觉得心烦和害怕。‎ It is＋adj＋thatclause.‎ It是形式主语，that从句叫主语从句。‎ It is absurd that_he_believes_the_number_13_has_brought ‎_him_the_bad_luck．‎ 他认为是13这个数字给他带来了厄运，这太可笑了。‎ ‎———————————————————————‎ ‎[模仿造句]‎ 用上述句型完成下列句子。‎ (1) Isn't it surprising that_only_two_people_were_slightly ‎_injured(只有两人受了轻伤)in the accident?‎ ‎(2)It is certain that_you_will_pass_the_exam(你会考试及格)if you work hard at your lessons.‎ ‎3．His name was Tony and he seemed more like a human than a machine.(p.11)‎ 他的名字叫托尼， 他看起来与其说像机器， 倒不如说更像人。‎ more A than B　与其说B……不如说A The girl was more frightened than hurt.‎ 与其说女孩受伤了，倒不如说她吓坏了。‎ ‎———————————————————————‎ ‎[模仿造句]‎ 用上述句型完成下列句子。‎ 与其说李平像我的哥哥，不如说他是我的朋友。‎ Li_Ping_is_more_like_my_friend_than_my_brother．‎ 用上述句型翻译下列小片段。‎ 在一个僻静的小乡村里住着一位老人，‎ 老人养了一些可爱的小狗。老人不让小狗们跑出他的院子，他喜欢看小狗们在他的小院里追逐嬉闹。村民们都说老人与小狗们相处得如此好真是令人惊异。而老人却说，“这些小狗对我来说太重要了。与其说他们是小狗，倒不如说他们是我的孩子。”‎ There_lived__an_old_man_in_a_quiet_village.The_old_man_had_some_lovely_puppies.He_wouldn't_have_his_puppies_running_out.The_old_man_liked_to_see_them_running_one_after_another_in_his_courtyard.The_villagers_said_it_was_amazing_that_the_old_man_should_get_on_so_well_with_the_puppies.And_the_old_man_said，“They_are_too_important_to_me.they_are_more_like_my_children_than_puppies.”‎ ‎ ‎ 表正反关系的连接词：although，but，however，instead，nevertheless，on the contrary，otherwise，to the opposite，while，yet，unfortunately等。这类连接词表明下文讲述的将是相反的或全新的内容或观点，需要格外注意。阅读时如遇到这些词，应放慢阅读速度，多留心上下文在意义上的转变。‎ 表因果(目的)关系的连接词：as，as a result，because(of)，consequently，due to，for，now that，since，so，so...that...，in order to，therefore，thus等。这类连接词也是帮助理解行文思路的有用信号。‎ 表顺序(层次)关系的连接词：after(that)，another，before，first(ly)，second(ly)，third(ly)，at last，finally，later on，next，then，on the one hand等。‎ 关注这类连接词有助于迅速理清文章的基本脉络。‎ ‎【例❶】 Supporters say that there are many benefits of service learning.Perhaps most importantly，students are forced to think.They are also able to learn how to work as part of a team.________，students can explore possible careers through service learning.‎ A．Gradually　　　　　　　　B．Finally C．Luckily D．Obviously 解析：most importantly，also与finally使文章层次清楚，选B。‎ 答案：B ‎【例❷】 The total production of Nordmann trees in Europe is about 30 million per year while the________is 33 million to 35 million.‎ A．production B．demand C．possession D．number 解析：while提示上下文为正反关系，production与demand构成这种关系，故选B。‎ 答案：B ‎【例❸】 He realized that his drug addiction was so________that I could easily see it.‎ A．physical B．obvious C．particular D．mental 解析：so...that提示上下文为因果关系，obvious为因， I could easily see it为果。故选B。‎ 答案：B 运用所学的解题技巧完成下列微型完形填空题。‎ ‎(一)‎ Remember that time waits for no one. So__1__waiting until you get married；until you have kids；until you retire；until you get a new car...There is no better time than right now to be happy.Happiness is a__2__，not a destination.So，work like you don't need money，dance like no one's watching，and love like you've never been hurt.‎ ‎1．A.keep B．stop C．need D．remember 解析：so表明上下文为因果关系。‎ 答案：B ‎2．A.feeling B．journey C．method D．solution 解析：journey与destination为反义词复现。‎ 答案：B ‎(二)‎ She then traveled to London.At first，Isadora danced with her feet bare at garden parties and other small social gatherings.__1__her popularity grew，and London became the first place Isadora was ever really accepted.She moved from the private salons(沙龙) to the great __2__，and was soon touring throughout Europe and America.‎ ‎1．A.Suddenly B．Unexpectedly C．Gradually D．Obviously 解析：at first，...gradually 使上下文层次分明。‎ 答案：C ‎2．A.studios B．stages C．parties D．corners 解析：dance与stage构成语义关联。‎ 答案：B ‎(三)‎ A customer begins with a catalogue(目录) of possible items，selects an item，arranges a form of payment，and sends an order.Instead of a physical catalogue，ecommerce arranges for catalogues to be　1　on the Internet.Instead of sending an order on paper or by telephone，ecommerce arranges for order to be sent over a computer network.__2__，instead of sending a paper representation of payment such as a check，ecommerce allows one to send payment information electronically.‎ ‎1．A.visible B．responsible C．practical D．sensible 解析：“visible on the Internet”与前面的“physical catalogue”构成正反关系。‎ 答案：A ‎2．A.Additionally B．Secondly C．Firstly D．Finally 解析：这里表示顺序。‎ 答案：D 第一节　阅读理解 阅读下面的短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D项中选出最佳选项。‎ A The 2014 Nobel Prize in Literature went to the French novelist for“the art of memory with which he has uncovered the lifeworld of the occupation”．‎ Although the 69yearold writer is a very popular literary figure in France，he is little known elsewhere.‎ So who is this Patrick Modiano，why does his memory have such an influence upon him, and what exactly has he uncovered?‎ Modiano was born in a suburb of Paris right after World War Ⅱ ended in Europe in July 1945.His father was a JewishItalian businessman who met his Belgian actress mother during the Nazi occupation of Paris.‎ As The New Yorker magazine put it，Europeans born in 1945 share a condition—They escaped the war，but “not the taint(污点)of the war”．‎ Modiano's life has been influenced by Nazi Germany's occupation during the war，and ‎ his family's connections to it.According to New Yorkbased newspaper Forward，his father survived the war dishonorably.When Paris' Jews were brought together to be sent to concentration camps，the businessman did not join them but spent the time making money from deals with Nazis on the black market.‎ ‎“The novelist has a duty to record the lives of the people who have disappeared，the people who were made to disappear，” French writer Clemence Boulouque，also an expert in Jewish studies，told The New Yorker magazine.‎ In his more than three dozen novels，Modiano has returned again and again to the same themes：Jewishness，the Nazi occupation，and the loss of identity.His characters collect pieces of old evidence，handwriting，photographs，police files，and newspaper cuttings.‎ His most admired novel，Missing Person，is a good example.It's the story about a detective who has lost his memory.He tries to find out who he really is by following his own steps through history.‎ Although Modiano's win is a surprise outside France，people are celebrating in his home country.Modiano is the 15th French literature winner.After Le Clezio's 2008 win，it seemed unlikely that there would be another so soon.‎ ‎1．The passage is mainly about________．‎ A．a literary figure's personal affairs B．a famous novelist's family background C．a Nobel Prize winner and his literary achievement D．European people's sufferings during World War Ⅱ ‎2．Which of the following statements about Patrick Modiano is TRUE according to the passage?‎ A．He is a survivor of World War Ⅱ.‎ B．He tried to find back his lost identity.‎ C．World War II has an impact on his life.‎ D．He was worldfamous before winning the Nobel Prize.‎ ‎3．Modiano won the Nobel Prize because of________．‎ A．his extraordinary character B．his unique way of recording history C．his characters' unusual experiences D．his special connections to the war ‎4．It can be inferred from the passage that________．‎ A．Modiano's parents were sent to the concentration camp B．Modiano's winning the Nobel Prize was beyond expectation C．Modiano's father had nothing to do with the Nazis D．Clemence Boulouque is also of Jewish origin 语篇解读：本文为记叙文。介绍了2014年诺贝尔文学奖获得者法国作家帕特里克·莫迪亚诺及其文学成就。‎ ‎1．解析：主旨大意题。文章第一至三段提出主题；第四至九段介绍了帕特里克·莫迪亚诺的作品的特点；最后一段是对帕特里克·莫迪亚诺的评价。由此可见本题答案为C项。‎ 答案：C ‎2．解析： 事实细节题。根据第四段第一句可知帕特里克·莫迪亚诺是在二战后出生的，不是二战的幸存者，故排除A项；倒数第三段提到了“the loss of identity”，但那是在介绍帕特里克·莫迪亚诺文学作品的主题并非B项内容，故排除B项；根据第二段可知帕特里克·莫迪亚诺在获得诺贝尔奖之前只是在法国很有名气，与D项中的“worldfamous”相悖，故排除D项。根据第六段第一句可知帕特里克·莫迪亚诺的生活受到了二战的影响，故答案为C项。‎ 答案：C ‎3．解析：推理判断题。根据文章第一段中的“uncovered the lifeworld of the occupation”(揭开了被占领期间人们的生活世界)及倒数第二、三、四段可推知答案为B项。‎ 答案：B ‎4．解析：推理判断题。根据最后一段第一句可知答案为B项。‎ 答案：B B Ecigarettes look hightech，so it's easy to believe that they're safe to smoke.Unfortunately，they're not：Ecigarettes are just another way of putting nicotine into your body.‎ Electronic cigarettes are smoking devices often designed to look and feel like ‎ regular cigarettes. They are filled with a liquid that contains nicotine, flavorings，and other chemicals. A heating device in the ecigarette changes the liquid into a vapor (烟雾)the person breathes in.‎ Because ecigarettes don't burn tobacco, people don't breathe in the same amount of carbon monoxide as they would with a regular cigarette.But anyone using an ecig still gets an amount of nicotine and other chemicals.‎ Electronic cigarettes started out being marketed to smokers as a way to help them quit. Now ecigarettes have been mainstreamed.Scientists expect to see more information coming out about ecigarettes and their health effects.‎ Ecigarettes don't fill the lungs with harmful smoke，but that doesn't make them a healthy alternative to regular cigarettes.When you use an ecigarette，you're still putting nicotine—which is absorbed through your lungs—into your system. In addition to being an addictive drug，researchers at the University of Utah used some animals to conduct a study to prove the toxic effects of nicotine.Later it was once even used as a chemical drug to kill some insects in agriculture.‎ Nicotine affects your brain，nervous system，and heart.It raises the blood pressure and the heart rate. The larger an amount of nicotine，the more a person's blood pressure and heart rate go up.This can cause an arrhythmia(心律失常)．In rare cases，especially when large amounts of nicotine are involved，arrhythmias can cause heart failure and death.‎ After its first effects disappear gradually，the body starts to desire nicotine.You might feel depressed or tired，and want more nicotine to feel lively again.Over time，nicotine use can lead to serious medical problems，including heart disease，blood clots，and stomach diseases.‎ ‎1．The underlined word“toxic”in Paragraph 5 is closest in meaning to________．‎ A．safe　　　　　　　　　　B．poisonous ‎ C．beneficial D．curable ‎2．Why did electronic cigarettes come into being?‎ A．Because it was designed to help smokers give up smoking.‎ B．Because smokers meant to have a taste of new products.‎ C．Because the device turned out to be practical for smokers.‎ D．Because it is convenient for smokers to carry.‎ ‎3．When using an ecigarette，________．‎ A．you will find it cool B．you will save a lot of money C．you will avoid damaging your body D．you will take nicotine into lungs ‎4．What does the sixth paragraph mainly talk about?‎ A．The harm of nicotine. ‎ B．What nicotine is.‎ C．How arrhythmias form. ‎ D．The functions of nicotine.‎ 语篇解读：电子香烟看似是高科技，但实际上也对人体有害。本文讲述了原因。‎ ‎1．解析：猜测词义题。根据画线词toxic后的as a chemical drug to kill some insects可知选B项。‎ 答案：B ‎2．解析：事实细节题。根据第二段第一句可知电子香烟是为帮助吸烟者戒烟而设计的，故选A项。‎ 答案：A ‎3．解析：事实细节题。根据第五段第二句可知选D项。‎ 答案：D ‎4．解析：主旨大意题。根据第六段中“尼古丁可以使血压升高，心跳加快从而导致心律失常”，可知选A项。‎ 答案：A 第二节　完形填空 阅读下面的短文，掌握其大意，然后从1～20题所给的A、B、C和D项中，选出最佳选项。‎ Joe Simpson and Simon Yates were the first people to climb the West Face of the Siula Grande in the Andes mountains. They reached the top ____1____，but on their ‎ way back conditions were very ____2____．Joe fell and broke his leg. They both knew that if Simon ____3____ alone，he would probably get back ____4____．But Simon decided to risk his ____5____ and try to lower Joe down the mountain on a rope (绳)．‎ As they ____6____ down，the weather got worse.Then another ____7____ occurred.They couldn't see or hear each other and，____8____，Simon lowered his friend over the edge of a precipice (峭壁)．It was ____9____ for Joe to climb back or for Simon to pull him up.Joe's ____10____ was pulling Simon slowly towards the precipice.____11____，after more than an hour in the dark and the icy cold，Simon had to ____12____．In tears，he cut the rope.Joe ____13____ into a huge crevasse (裂缝) in the ice below.He had no food or water and he was in terrible pain.He couldn't walk，but he ____14____ to get out of the crevasse and started to ____15____ towards their camp，nearly ten kilometers ____16____．‎ Simon had ____17____ the camp at the foot of the mountain.He thought that Joe must be ____18____，but he didn't want to leave ____19____．‎ Three days later，in the middle of the night，he heard Joe's voice.He couldn't ____20____ it.Joe was there，a few meters from their tent, still alive.‎ ‎1．A.hurriedly　　　　　　　　B．carefully C．successfully D．early ‎2．A.difficult B．similar C．special D．normal ‎3．A.climbed B．worked C．rested D．continued ‎4．A.unwillingly B．safely ‎ C．slowly D．regretfully ‎5．A.fortune B．time ‎ C．health D．life ‎6．A.lay B．settled ‎ C．went D．looked ‎7．A.damage B．storm ‎ C．change D．trouble ‎8．A.by mistake B．by chance ‎ C．by choice D．by luck ‎9．A.unnecessary B．practical ‎ C．important D．impossible ‎10．A.height B．weight ‎ C．strength D．equipment ‎11．A.Finally B．Patiently ‎ C．Surely D．Quickly ‎12．A.stand back B．take a rest C．make a decision D．hold on ‎13．A.jumped B．fell ‎ C．escaped D．backed ‎14．A.managed B．planned ‎ C．waited D．hoped ‎15．A.run B．skate ‎ C．move D．march ‎16．A.around B．away C．above D．along ‎17．A.headed for B．traveled to C．left for D．returned to ‎18．A.dead B．hurt ‎ C．weak D．late ‎19．A.secretly B．tiredly ‎ C．immediately D．anxiously ‎20．A.find B．believe ‎ C．make D．accept 语篇解读：本文为记叙文，题材是人物故事类。两名勇敢的攀登者成功地从修拉格兰德西坡登顶，然而在返回的途中，发生了意想不到的事情。‎ ‎1．解析：连词but提示前后句之间存在转折关系。由下文他们在返回途中遭遇到的困难可知，此处表示他们成功地登上了山顶。‎ 答案：C ‎2．解析：他们成功登顶，但是在返回的路上情况变得艰难起来。‎ 答案：A ‎3．解析：根据上文on their way back以及下文get back可知，这里指如果Simon一个人继续往回走的话。‎ 答案：D ‎4．解析：Simon是有可能独自安全(safely)返回的。‎ 答案：B ‎5．解析：但是Simon决定冒生命危险用绳子将Joe放到山下去。risk one's life意为“冒生命危险”。‎ 答案：D ‎6．解析：当他们下降(go down)时，天气越发恶劣起来。lie down躺下；settle down安顿下来；look down俯视。‎ 答案：C ‎7．解析：根据下文可推断出，这里指又一件麻烦事(trouble)发生了。‎ 答案：D ‎8．解析：根据上文“他们既看不到彼此也听不到彼此的声音”推断，这里指Simon错将Joe放到了峭壁的边缘。A：错误地；B：偶然地；C：出于自己的选择；D：侥幸。‎ 答案：A ‎9．解析：根据下文可知，Simon最终割断了绳子，由此推断：Joe爬上来或是Simon把他拉上来是不可能了。‎ 答案：D ‎10．解析：Joe的体重(weight)正慢慢将Simon拽向峭壁。A：高度；C：力量；D：设备。‎ 答案：B ‎11．解析：终于(Finally)，在黑暗与彻骨的寒冷中挣扎一个多小时之后，Simon不得不作出抉择。B：耐心地；C：必定；D：迅速地。‎ 答案：A ‎12．解析：根据下文“Simon流着泪割断了绳索”可知，这就是他作出的决定(make a decision)。‎ 答案：C ‎13．解析：割断绳子后，Joe落入(fall into)冰层下面的一个巨大的裂缝中。‎ 答案：B ‎14．解析：根据下文started to...towards their camp可推断出，Joe设法离开了那个裂缝。manage to do意为“做成；设法完成”。‎ 答案：A ‎15．解析：根据上文“He couldn't walk”可推断出，move(移动，挪动)一词最符合语境。‎ 答案：C ‎16．解析：营地离此处将近10公里远。副词away表示“在(某距离)处”。‎ 答案：B ‎17．解析：Simon已经返回(return to)山脚下的营地。A：前往；B：去……(旅行)；C：动身去。‎ 答案：D ‎18．解析：根据文章最后一句中still alive可推断出，Simon原以为Joe一定是死了。‎ 答案：A ‎19．解析：根据下文时间状语Three days later可推断出，这里指Simon并未立即(immediately)离开营地。‎ 答案：C ‎20．解析：三天后的夜里，Joe竟然奇迹般地活着回到了营地，这当然是令Simon难以置信的，故答案选B。‎ 答案：B 第三节　短文改错 假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。‎ 增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号(∧)，并在其下面写出该加的词。‎ 删除：把多余的词用斜线()划掉。‎ 修改：在错的词下划一条横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。‎ 注意：1.每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；‎ ‎2．只允许修改10处，多者(从第11处起)不计分。‎ ‎(经典再现)I learned early in life that I had to be more patient and little aggressive.From the time I was about four until I was about six，I destroyed each of my toy.I was happy when the toys worked，but when things did wrong，I got angry and broke it.For a while parents bought me new toys.But before long they began to see which was happening.When I tear apart my fifth birthday toy train，my father said, “That's it.No more toys to you.”My punishment lasted a year.Meanwhile，I found out that with more patience I must make my toys to last.My attitude changed from then on.‎ 答案：‎