2019年高考英语大二轮复习专题强化练一 13页

专题强化练一 A Here are four homes for sale around the US with links to past presidents，as well as their close families.‎ John F．Kennedy's Weekend Retreat A modest farm near Middleburg，Virginia，was built by John F．Kennedy and his wife in the early 1960s.The former first lady designed it herself.The four－bedroom property is currently back on the market for$5.95 million，decreased by $2 million compared with 2019.It was $10.99 million when it was first put up for sale in 2019.‎ Jackie Kennedy's Summer House Another Kennedy－linked property for sale is the“Lasata”estate in the Hamptons，designed by architect Arthur C．Jackson and built in 1917.Set on more than seven acres of land near the ocean，it includes a ten－bedroom house that was restored in 2019，including a three－car garage building.It's on the market for $38.995 million，a little bit higher than last year.‎ Chester A．Arthur's Summer White House Chester A．Arthur，who became the 21st president in 1881，spent some of his down time here.The three－story，six－bedroom Victorian mansion，which was built in 1796 and has been recently restored，is for sale with a $14.2 million price tag.Features include a library with fireplace，a formal dining and living room and a family room overlooking the garden and the swimming pool.‎ Barack Obama's Summer Rental This Martha's Vineyard home which was built in the late twentieth century served as the Summer White House to former President Obama.It is currently for sale for $19.125 million，down from $22.5 million in July 2019.Set on nine－and－a－half acres of land and with its own private road，this property no doubt acts as a perfect summer hideaway for those who didn't want his every movement seen.In addition to privacy，other features include a heated pool，a half－basketball court，outdoor terraces and a two－bedroom guest cottage.‎ ‎【语篇解读】　本文介绍了在美国待售的四套房子，不同寻常的是它们与过去的总统或他们的近亲有关系。‎ ‎1．Which house has the longest history?‎ A．Barack Obama's Summer Rental.‎ B．Jackie Kennedy's Summer House.‎ C．Chester A．Arthur's Summer White House.‎ D．John F．Kennedy's Weekend Retreat.‎ 解析：细节理解题。A项提到的建筑是建于20世纪晚期；B项提到的建筑是建于1917年；C项提到的建筑是建于1796年；D项提到的建筑是建于20世纪60年代早期。所以历史最长的应是C项。‎ 答案：C ‎2．What is the feature of Barack Obama's Summer Rental?‎ A．Privacy.　　　　 B．Architecture.‎ C．Location. D．Price.‎ 解析：细节理解题。根据Barack Obama's Summer Rental标题下的“In addition to privacy，other features include...”可知，隐私是该房子的特点之一。architecture意为“建筑；建筑风格”；location 意为“位置”；price意为“价格”。‎ 答案：A ‎3．What do the four houses have in common?‎ A．Their prices are going down these years.‎ B．They have connections with US presidents.‎ C．They have a history of more than a century.‎ D．They have more than 5 bedrooms in the house.‎ 解析：细节理解题。根据文章第一段可知，这四座房子的共同特点就是和总统有关系。‎ 答案：B B Ireland's Achill Island has always been a popular European tourist destination.However，since April in 2019，the small island of just 2，700 residents(居民) has gained worldwide fame thanks to the magical return of a beach that was washed away over three decades ago.‎ The chain of events began in 1984 when residents of Dooagh，one of the settlements on the island，awoke to a surprising sight: their beautiful sandy beach had been washed away by strong Atlantic storms.There were only rocks and rock pools left.For about 34 years，only small amounts of sand returned to the once unspoiled shores.The area's tourism industry slowly declined，and the handful of beachside hotels，pubs，and restaurants gradually closed as well.‎ Then around Easter in 2019，something magical happened—an unusual ten－day tide blanketed the barren 300－metre long rock beach with hundreds of tons of soft golden sand.Scientists suspect ‎ that the sand had been gathering offshore for months and was transported to the beach by the high winds and powerful waves.‎ The locals are delighted to have their beach back，especially as it is attracting thousands of visitors wishing to witness the power of nature，with their own eyes.However，Sean Molloy，manager at Achill Tourism，cautions against going into the cold waters just yet，saying，“Because of the sand coming in，we don't know how safe the beach is now because currents (水流) could be changed and it'll take a little bit of time.”He instead recommends visitors enjoy the soft sand and leave the swimming to the dolphins that frequent the area.‎ Interestingly，this is not the first time Dooagh Beach has pulled a disappearing and reappearing act.It disappeared in the 1890s，for over 30 years，before returning in 1927.However，the locals are optimistic that this time around，the beautiful sand is here to stay.‎ ‎【语篇解读】　本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了爱尔兰Achill岛消失的海滩时隔三十多年再次出现的事件。‎ ‎4．What has brought Achill Island worldwide attention recently?‎ A．An unusual storm.‎ B．The decrease in the number of residents.‎ C．The return of its beach.‎ D．The building of a new tourist destination.‎ 解析：细节理解题。根据第一段中的“However，since April in 2019，the small island of just 2，700 residents(居民)has gained worldwide fame thanks to the magical return of a beach that was washed away over three decades ago”可知，消失了三十多年的海滩的回归使得Achill岛引起了全世界的关注。‎ 答案：C ‎5．What happened to Dooagh in the past three decades?‎ A．Tourism went down gradually.‎ B．Restaurants developed slowly.‎ C．Storms attacked frequently.‎ D．Rock pools disappeared completely.‎ 解析：细节理解题。根据第二段中的“The area's tourism industry slowly declined，and the handful of beachside hotels，pubs and restaurants gradually closed as well”可知，随着海滩的消失，在过去三十多年里Dooagh地区的旅游业逐渐衰落。‎ 答案：A ‎【干扰项分析】　根据第二段中的“restaurants gradually closed”可知，B项错误；文章提到三十多年前大西洋的暴风雨冲走了海滩，并没有提到暴风雨经常侵袭Dooagh地区，故C项错误；根据第二段中的“only rocks and rock pools left”可知，D项错误。‎ ‎6．What does the underlined word“barren”in Paragraph 3 probably mean?‎ A．Noisy. B．Soft.‎ C．Bare. D．Golden.‎ 解析：词义猜测题。根据画线词所在句中的“ten－day tide blanketed the barren 300－metre long rock beach with hundreds of tons of soft golden sand”可知，由于潮水的力量，300米长的岩石海滩被松软的金沙覆盖了。画线词修饰岩石海滩，结合文章内容可知，海滩消失之后，三十多年来岩石海滩表面什么都没有，所以画线词与bare同义，意为“空的，荒芜的”。 ‎ 答案：C ‎7．What should tourists avoid according to Sean Molloy?‎ A．Spoiling the shores.‎ B．Getting into the rock pools.‎ C．Playing with dolphins.‎ D．Swimming near the beach.‎ 解析：推理判断题。根据第四段中的“He instead recommends visitors enjoy the soft sand and leave the swimming to the dolphins that frequent the area”可知，Sean Molloy建议游客享受松软的沙子，把游泳让给海豚，即他建议游客不要在海滩附近游泳。‎ 答案：D ‎【难句分析】　Because of the sand coming in，we don't know how safe the beach is now because currents(水流)could be changed and it'll take a little bit of time.‎ 分析：本句包含how引导的宾语从句，because引导的原因状语从句。‎ 译文：因为沙子的到来，我们不知道现在海滩的安全性怎样，因为洋流可能被改变，需要一点时间(才能确定人们是否可以在这里安全地游泳)。‎ C The belief that new technologies are causing the death of work is the idea that never goes away.Despite evidence to the contrary，we still view technological changes today as being more rapid and dramatic in its consequences for work than ever before.But this is nothing new.People have always viewed the technological changes that take place during their lives as the most dramatic and dangerous that ever have happened in history.‎ In the 1930s，the British economist(经济学家)John Maynard Keynes predicted the widespread use of electricity would produce a world where people spent most of their time doing nothing.In the United States during the 1960s，the government repeatedly investigated fears that automatic machines would permanently reduce the amount of work available.In 1988，one Australian historian claimed that at least a quarter of the workforce would be without jobs within 10 years because of computers.‎ Of course，none of these disasters came to pass in the United Kingdom，the United States and Australia，or anywhere else.‎ Yet today，we are seeing the return of these predictions，with some experts claiming the world of work is once more undergoing radical and unprecedented change.They argue that robots and other workplace technologies are causing a reduction in the total amount of work available，or are bringing a more rapid pace of substitution of machines for humans than what has been seen previously.‎ But there is little evidence to support such beliefs.Statistics show that the percentage of people in work，the number of hours they work，and how frequently they change jobs have remained remarkably constant over the past 20 years.‎ This stability should not come as a surprise.There are good reasons why we should not expect new technologies to cause the death of work.New technologies always cause job losses，but that is only part of the story.What also needs to be understood is how they increase the amount of work available.‎ One way this happens is through the increases in incomes that accompany the use of new technologies.With the introduction of ‎ these technologies，goods and services can be produced faster，which results in higher real incomes for workers.Higher incomes then increase demand for other products and consequently more workers are needed to make them.Additionally，while new technologies are likely to substitute for some types of workers，they will also increase demand for other types of workers，especially those with higher level skills and expertise.‎ So，the end of work is no closer today than at any time in the past.But there is still a need to keep disproving the prediction，to reduce people's fears.‎ ‎【语篇解读】　新技术的到来促进了经济的飞速发展，但是人们纷纷担心它会减少工作，加剧失业。本文通过陈述新技术的发展客观事实和现状，来减少人们的恐慌。‎ ‎8．What is the function of the second paragraph?‎ A．To explain the importance of developing new technology.‎ B．To show how technology affected employment in the past.‎ C．To argue that technological dangers are becoming more serious.‎ D．To give historical examples of unnecessary fear about new technology.‎ 解析：推理判断题。文章的第三段是对第二段的总结，并指出这些灾难都没有出现在英国、美国、澳大利亚以及其他地方，由此可以推知，第二段是用例子来说明对新技术将带来威胁的这种担心是没有必要的。‎ 答案：D ‎9．How can employment statistics over the past 20 years best be ‎ described?‎ A．Confusing. B．Reliable.‎ C．Stable. D．Variable.‎ 解析：细节理解题。根据第五段最后一句中的“remained remarkably constant”(保持得非常稳定)和第六段第一句中的“This stability”(这样的稳定)可知，近20年的就业数据是稳定的。‎ 答案：C ‎10．According to Paragraph 7，why does demand for products often increase after new technology is introduced?‎ A．There are more goods for people to choose from.‎ B．There is more demand for new skills in the economy.‎ C．Productivity improvements help raise workers' salaries.‎ D．Higher quality goods at lower prices encourage consumption.‎ 解析：细节理解题。根据第七段的第二、三句可知，新技术的引进使商品和服务的生产速度加快，从而增加了工人的收入，因此提高了人们对产品的需求。‎ 答案：C ‎11．What is the author's opinion about the introduction of new technology?‎ A．It does not have an effect on most people's jobs.‎ B．Its benefits are usually not worth the introduction.‎ C．It usually leads to a significant increase in employment.‎ D．Its danger to people's employment possibilities is overstated.‎ 解析：推理判断题。根据第一段前两句可知，工作岗位因技术发展而消失的观点依然存在 ‎，但是证据表明事实与此相反；最后一段提到如今没有工作的可能性还和过去一样，并没有增大，但还是需要证明这种预言是错的来减少人们的恐慌。由此可以推知，新技术引进对人们就业机会的威胁被夸大了。‎ 答案：D D It is the ideal way for travellers to ensure they wake up with the perfect view—a portable Ecocapsule that can be set up anywhere in the world.The innovative，egg－shaped pods ensure travellers can camp in the most extreme corners of the world，with all the luxury of a hotel room.‎ Looking like something in a sci－fi movie，the pod is equipped with solar panels，and a retractable wind turbine，which guarantee solar and wind energy as its power.In this way，the tiny home can let you live comfortably wherever you travel.It even has its own shower and toilet，sleeping area for two，and a small kitchen.It may look like a camp，but at least with the Ecocapsule you can look forward to a hot shower and running water on your travels.‎ The 3，306 lb pods can be transported on your travels in a sea－container or can be towed on a trailer，meaning the possibilities are endless.‎ Bratislava－based Nice Architects are behind the extraordinary Ecocapsules and said they initially designed them for people who stay in the nature for a long time.However，it quickly became apparent that they could be opened up to the wider public and even used in urban areas to combat high rent，and placed on roofs for studio space or living quarters.The Ecocapsule can serve as a cottage，a pop－up hotel or even as a charging station for electric cars.‎ The Ecocapsules could even be quickly imported for housing for ‎ emergency teams who have been quickly deployed to help with natural disasters that have destroyed nearby infrastructure.Described by the website as a“Swiss Army knife”—it packs everything you need，the self－contained unit can sustain long periods of time without external resources.‎ The 86 sqft pods are able to sleep two people for up to a year and for those worried about a cold night's sleep，the Ecocapsule has a thick layer of efficient heat isolation and energy restoration which significantly reduce heat loss.‎ The pod is designed to withstand harsh weather conditions due to its innovative design and materials used.No wonder the Nice Architects are so confident about its prospect and the producers are receiving heavy orders.‎ ‎【语篇解读】　本文是一篇产品说明文，主要介绍了一种便携式产品——Ecocapsule的功能、设计原理、大小、技术构造等情况。该产品配有太阳能电池板和可伸缩的风力发电涡轮机为其提供太阳能和风能，可以让两人同时入住，有良好的保暖效果。‎ ‎12．Where does the Ecocapsule get power?‎ A．From solar panels and a retractable wind turbine.‎ B．From a portable battery.‎ C．From an electric generator.‎ D．From its shower.‎ 解析：细节理解题。根据第二段第一句可知，看起来就如科幻电影中的某种东西一样，该产品里装着太阳能电池板和可伸缩的风力发电涡轮机，它们能提供太阳能和风能。据此可知，该产品由太阳能电池板和风力发电涡轮机提供能源，故A项正确。‎ 答案：A ‎13．Whom may be the Ecocapsule initially designed for?‎ A．Campers. B．Office ladies.‎ C．Field biologists. D．Homeless people.‎ 解析：细节理解题。根据第四段第一句中的“they initially designed them for people who stay in the nature for a long time”可知，该产品是为长期待在野外的人设计的，C项意为“野外生物学家”，故C项正确。‎ 答案：C ‎【干扰项分析】　A项意为“野营者”，B项意为“办公室女士”，D项意为“无家可归的人”，都与文意不符。‎ ‎14．Why don't the Ecocapsule's users worry about coldness during their night's sleep?‎ A．Because there is a retractable wind turbine in it.‎ B．Because it has an air conditioner in it.‎ C．Because it is a self－contained unit.‎ D．Because it is equipped with a thick layer to reduce heat loss.‎ 解析：细节理解题。根据第六段中的“for those worried about a cold night's sleep，the Ecocapsule has a thick layer of efficient heat isolation and energy restoration which significantly reduce heat loss”可知，对于那些担心夜晚寒冷的人来说，该产品有一层厚的高效隔热和能量恢复层，可以有效减少热量损失。故D项正确。‎ 答案：D ‎15．How do the designers view the Ecocapsule's future market?‎ A．Negative. B．Optimistic.‎ C．Worried. D．Doubtful.‎ 解析：观点态度题。根据文章最后一句“No wonder the Nice ‎ Architects are so confident about its prospect and the producers are receiving heavy orders”可知，Nice Architects对该产品很自信，生产商也收到了大量的订单；结合本文描述的该产品的功能和高科技特点等可以判断，该产品设计者对此产品的市场前景持积极的态度，故B项正确。‎ 答案：B ‎【干扰项分析】　A项意为“否定的”，C项意为“担心的，焦虑的”，D项意为“怀疑的”，都与语境不符。‎ ‎【难句分析】　Looking like something in a sci－fi movie，the pod is equipped with solar panels，and a retractable wind turbine，which guarantee solar and wind energy as its power.‎ 分析：该句为主从复合句。句中的“which guarantee solar and wind energy as its power”为which引导的非限制性定语从句，which在从句中作主语。‎ 译文：看起来就如科幻电影中的某种东西一样，舱室(该产品)配有太阳能电池板和可伸缩的风力发电涡轮机，它们能保证太阳能和风能作为它的能量(来源)。‎